Nils le Coutre, Tolibjon Abdurakhmonov, Paul Weinbrenner, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Tobias Korn, Franziska Fennel, Oliver Kühn and Friedemann Reinhard*,
{"title":"Growth of Few-Layer Molecular Crystals of PTCDI on Hexagonal Boron Nitride by Microspacing Air-Gap Sublimation","authors":"Nils le Coutre, Tolibjon Abdurakhmonov, Paul Weinbrenner, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Tobias Korn, Franziska Fennel, Oliver Kühn and Friedemann Reinhard*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0052210.1021/acsaom.4c00522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00522https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00522","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Extended two-dimensional (2D) crystals of dye molecules adsorbed on 2D material substrates such as boron nitride have recently become a subject of intense study, with potential applications ranging from quantum technology to optoelectronics. The most established technique for the production of these films is physical vapor transport in a vacuum. We demonstrate that few-layer crystalline films of the organic dye molecule perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) on boron nitride can be produced by microspacing in-air sublimation, a radically simplified technique that does not require complicated vacuum systems. The resulting layers display clearly resolved atomic step terraces in atomic force microscopy and a clear polarization anisotropy in their fluorescence, confirming molecular alignment and long-range order. Using density functional theory and classical molecular dynamics simulations, the canted motif is identified as the most likely building block for the morphology of a PTDCI monolayer on the hBN substrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"455–462 455–462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mekhrdod S. Kurboniyon*, Alok M. Srivastava, Bibo Lou, Yang Wang, Dan Zhang, Dzhumakhon M. Sharifov, Dulat H. Daurenbekov, Tomoyuki Yamamoto, Mikhail G. Brik and Chonggeng Ma*,
{"title":"Effect of Chemical Composition on the Optical Properties of Cr3+ Impurity in A3B5O12 Garnets (A = Lu, Y, Gd, La; B = Al, Ga, Sc)","authors":"Mekhrdod S. Kurboniyon*, Alok M. Srivastava, Bibo Lou, Yang Wang, Dan Zhang, Dzhumakhon M. Sharifov, Dulat H. Daurenbekov, Tomoyuki Yamamoto, Mikhail G. Brik and Chonggeng Ma*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0050210.1021/acsaom.4c00502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00502https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00502","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We present a comprehensive first-principles study on a series of isostructural Cr<sup>3+</sup>-doped garnets with varying chemical compositions. The study aims to explore the effect of host properties and local coordination environments on the optical properties of the Cr<sup>3+</sup> impurity ion. Specifically, we calculated the energies of the excitation and emission band maxima, as well as the zero-phonon line energies, for the <sup>4</sup>A<sub>2</sub>–<sup>2</sup>E and <sup>4</sup>A<sub>2</sub>–<sup>4</sup>T<sub>2</sub> optical transitions of Cr<sup>3+</sup> ions in <i>A</i><sub>3</sub><i>B</i><sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> garnets (<i>A</i> = Lu, Y, Gd, La; <i>B</i> = Al, Ga, Sc). The calculated optical transition energies are in good agreement with experimental measurements. Our results reveal that the position of the <sup>4</sup>T<sub>2</sub> energy level, governed by the crystal-field (CF) strength, is primarily determined by variations in the Cr<sup>3+</sup>–O<sup>2–</sup> bond lengths. Longer Cr<sup>3+</sup>–O<sup>2–</sup> bond lengths reduce the CF strength, placing the <sup>4</sup>T<sub>2</sub> energy level below the <sup>2</sup>E energy level, which results in the broadband <sup>4</sup>T<sub>2</sub> → <sup>4</sup>A<sub>2</sub> emission. In contrast, shorter Cr<sup>3+</sup>–O<sup>2–</sup> bond lengths increase the CF strength, raising the <sup>4</sup>T<sub>2</sub> energy level above the <sup>2</sup>E energy level and producing only the R-line (<sup>2</sup>E → <sup>4</sup>A<sub>2</sub>) and its vibronic sideband in the Cr<sup>3+</sup> emission spectrum at room temperature. In garnet compounds where the <sup>4</sup>T<sub>2</sub> and <sup>2</sup>E energy levels are close in energy, the emission spectrum is composed of the R-line superimposed on the broadband <sup>4</sup>T<sub>2</sub> → <sup>4</sup>A<sub>2</sub> emission. These findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between chemical composition and optical properties in Cr<sup>3+</sup>-doped garnets. Moreover, they hold significant scientific and technological importance, paving the way for the discovery of efficient phosphors for near-infrared phosphor-converted light-emitting diode devices using high-throughput design methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"422–430 422–430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Satoshi Ishii*, Anjaneyulu Oruganti, Ilario Bisignano and Hideki Abe,
{"title":"Fabricating Metallic–Dielectric Zirconium Nitride Thin Films for Photoelectric Conversion","authors":"Satoshi Ishii*, Anjaneyulu Oruganti, Ilario Bisignano and Hideki Abe, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0045310.1021/acsaom.4c00453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00453https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00453","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Metals and dielectrics are essential components in photoelectric conversions and plasmonics. In these applications, basically any material with negative and positive permittivities can be used as metals and dielectrics, respectively. Although there are many possible combinations of metallic and dielectric materials, they usually consist of different elements, making it challenging to create metal–dielectric interfaces from materials with identical elements. In this study, metallic and dielectric zirconium nitride (Zr–N) are fabricated by controlling the flow rates of argon and nitrogen. Characterization by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction reveals that the metallic and dielectric phases are ZrN and Zr<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, respectively. The photoresponse is demonstrated by constructing a metal–insulator–metal structure using metallic and dielectric Zr–N thin films. Fabricating plasmonic nanostructures in Zr–N thin films can potentially improve the photoresponse. Additionally, other transition metal nitrides are also candidates for realizing metallic and dielectric components with the same constituent elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"313–318 313–318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huai-Sheng Chin, Hui Qi Wong, Hung-Ju Yen* and Yu-Ruei Kung*,
{"title":"Synthesis and Optical Properties of Ion-Selective Polyamides Bearing a Phenanthrene Chromophore","authors":"Huai-Sheng Chin, Hui Qi Wong, Hung-Ju Yen* and Yu-Ruei Kung*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0049810.1021/acsaom.4c00498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00498https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00498","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This work aims to synthesize a phenanthrene-containing diamine monomer, 9,10-bis(4-aminophenoxy)phenanthrene, and its derived high-performance poly(ether amide)s. Optoelectronic properties such as absorption, fluorescent, and metal-ion sensing behaviors of these phenanthrene-based polyamides were investigated. A series of poly(ether amide)s, based on phenanthrene-containing diamine and aromatic/aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, was synthesized via the direct phosphorylation polyamidation technique. These polymers exhibited good solubility in many polar organic solvents and could render robust amorphous films via solution casting. These poly(ether amide)s exhibited a high thermal stability of up to 538 °C at 10 wt % loss under a nitrogen atmosphere, as well as moderate to high glass transition temperatures (232–338 °C). Particularly, these polyamides also revealed a violet to deep blue-light emission with good fluorescence quantum yield and selective metal-ion sensing functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"383–391 383–391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaom.4c00498","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhixiu Chen, Lei Wang*, Gaoliang Huang, Jiangnan Xiong, Yang Jiang and Bingyan Qu*,
{"title":"Temperature-dependent Luminescence of KCl:Sb3+ and Its Thermometry Applications","authors":"Zhixiu Chen, Lei Wang*, Gaoliang Huang, Jiangnan Xiong, Yang Jiang and Bingyan Qu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0053010.1021/acsaom.4c00530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00530https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00530","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Luminescence thermometry (LT) has emerged as a valuable technique for noncontact temperature sensing, with applications in real-time monitoring, microelectronics thermal management, and health surveillance. In this work, we developed a temperature-sensitive material, potassium chloride(KCl):Sb<sup>3+</sup>, and investigated its luminescent properties. The results indicated that the material exhibited broad excitation spectra within the 250–400 nm wavelength range with a maximum at 366 nm and showed a broad band emission with a maximum at 590 nm upon excitation. Interestingly, the material demonstrated excellent temperature responsiveness over a temperature range of 273 to 373 K, which has not been observed so far. To explore its potential application in temperature measurement, we utilized the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of the dual emission bands of Sb<sup>3+</sup> to Tb<sup>3+</sup> emissions (<i>I</i><sub>Sb</sub>/<i>I</i><sub>Tb</sub>) to explore the temperature sensitivity of KCl:Sb<sup>3+</sup>/Tb<sup>3+</sup>. The material exhibited an exceptional relative sensitivity at ambient temperatures with a maximum of 5.59% K<sup>–1</sup> at 313 K. This study indicated that Sb<sup>3+</sup> could potentially serve as temperature-sensitive luminescent centers with applications in luminescence thermometry fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"463–470 463–470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keisuke Ozawa, Hiroshi Sugimoto*, Daisuke Shima, Tatsuki Hinamoto, Mojtaba Karimi Habil, Yan Joe Lee, Søren Raza, Keisuke Imaeda, Kosei Ueno, Mark L. Brongersma and Minoru Fujii*,
{"title":"Routing Light Emission from Monolayer MoS2 by Mie Resonances of Crystalline Silicon Nanospheres","authors":"Keisuke Ozawa, Hiroshi Sugimoto*, Daisuke Shima, Tatsuki Hinamoto, Mojtaba Karimi Habil, Yan Joe Lee, Søren Raza, Keisuke Imaeda, Kosei Ueno, Mark L. Brongersma and Minoru Fujii*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0049510.1021/acsaom.4c00495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00495https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00495","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A dielectric Mie-resonant nanoantenna is capable of controlling the directionality of the emission from nearby quantum emitters through the excitation of multiple degenerate Mie resonances. A crystalline silicon nanosphere (Si NS) is a promising candidate for a dielectric nanoantenna because crystalline Si has a large refractive index (3.8 at 650 nm) and the small imaginary part of a complex refractive index (0.015 at 650 nm) as an optical material. In this work, we control the emission directionality of excitons supported by monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (1L-TMDCs) using a Si NS. We first discuss the condition to extract the emission preferentially toward the Si NS side from the analytical calculations. We then study the photoluminescence (PL) of 1L-TMDCs on which differently sized single Si NSs are placed. We show that the PL spectral shape strongly depends on the emission direction, and that the emission toward the Si NS side (top) with respect to the opposite side (bottom) is the largest at a wavelength between the magnetic dipole and electric dipole Mie resonances of a Si NS. Finally, we quantitatively discuss the spectral shape of the top-to-bottom ratio from numerical simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"375–382 375–382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prince Sharma*, Rahul Sharma, Kapil Kumar, Saurabh K. Saini and Mahesh Kumar*,
{"title":"Unveiling Optoelectronic Properties and Charge Carrier Dynamic Mechanisms in Bi2Se3-Based vdW Heterostructures","authors":"Prince Sharma*, Rahul Sharma, Kapil Kumar, Saurabh K. Saini and Mahesh Kumar*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0051010.1021/acsaom.4c00510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00510https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00510","url":null,"abstract":"<p >van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, combining 2D and topological materials, show strong potential for advancing device performance in optoelectronics and spintronics, offering enhanced charge transport, spin coherence, and optical properties. This study investigates the photoconductivity response of vdW heterostructures fabricated using a wet transfer process, where graphene, fluorographene (FG), molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>), and molybdenum diselenide (MoSe<sub>2</sub>) are layered on top of bismuth selenide (Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>), a well-known topological insulator. The integration of these 2D materials with Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> results in heterostructures with a reduced dark current (<i>I</i><sub>dark</sub>) and improved photodetection performance. Specifically, <i>I</i><sub>dark</sub> was reduced significantly by 32% in graphene/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, 48% in MoS<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, and 31% in MoSe<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> compared to intrinsic Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, with significantly decreased noise and enhanced device sensitivity. However, the vdW heterostructures graphene/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, FG/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, MoS<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, and MoSe<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> exhibit an increase in the photoconductive response by 17, 10, 51, and 31%, respectively. This improvement is attributed to the band alignment between Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> and 2D materials, which suppresses thermally generated carrier flow by creating potential barriers at the interfaces. To understand the underlying charge carrier dynamics, time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy was employed, revealing distinct charge transfer mechanisms within these heterostructures. The analysis uncovered interfacial phenomena such as exciton transfer, charge accumulation, and the formation of trap states with varying carrier lifetimes. The heterostructure’s MoS<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> and MoSe<sub>2</sub>/Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> also exhibited tunability in their excitonic energies, further emphasizing their potential for optoelectronic applications. This study establishes vdW heterostructures of 2D and topological materials as a promising strategy for developing highly efficient optoelectronic and spintronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"431–443 431–443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yan Zhang, Junzhe Wang, Liang Li, Honggang Zhang, Bei Li, Xiangxiang Zhang, Zeyan Wang, Yuanyuan Liu, Peng Wang, Hefeng Cheng, Ying Dai, Baibiao Huang and Zhaoke Zheng*,
{"title":"Boosting Photocatalytic CO2 Cycloaddition with Epoxide over Facet-Dependent Cu2O@Cu3(HHTP)2 Heterojunctions","authors":"Yan Zhang, Junzhe Wang, Liang Li, Honggang Zhang, Bei Li, Xiangxiang Zhang, Zeyan Wang, Yuanyuan Liu, Peng Wang, Hefeng Cheng, Ying Dai, Baibiao Huang and Zhaoke Zheng*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0053810.1021/acsaom.4c00538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00538https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00538","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The design of organic–inorganic heterojunctions can facilitate the separation of photoinduced charge carriers by modulating the electronic structure at the surface and interface states, showing promising applications in the field of photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> cycloaddition. However, the details of the surface/interface effects between these two components are still poorly understood. Herein, Cu<sub>2</sub>O@Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub> (HHTP = 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) heterojunctions were synthesized, where Cu<sub>2</sub>O nanoparticles (NPs) featuring distinct crystal facets were utilized as substrates for the in situ growth of the copper-based metal–organic framework (Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub>). Among them, t-Cu<sub>2</sub>O@Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub>, centered on t-Cu<sub>2</sub>O with {111} and {100} facets, exhibits superior performance toward photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> cycloaddition to chlorinated propylene carbonate, with a conversion efficiency of 372 mmol g<sup>–1</sup> h<sup>–1</sup> under light. Notably, single-particle spectroscopy reveals a more efficient photogenerated carrier transfer between t-Cu<sub>2</sub>O and Cu<sub>3</sub>(HHTP)<sub>2</sub>. The results confirm that crystalline facet dependence is a key factor in semiconductor photocatalysis and an important strategy for optimizing the reactivity of photocatalysts, which provides a way to improve the photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> cycloaddition performance by modulating the interfacial states of organic–inorganic heterojunction structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"471–480 471–480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultralow Concentration in Parts Per Trillion with Nanomolar Level Detection for Monodispersed Upconversion Nanoparticles of Li-Co-doped NaYF4:Ho3+/Yb3+: Potential Materials in Multimodal Applications","authors":"Leishangthem Sanatombi Devi, Manas Srivastava, Ruchi Agrawal, Ramaswamy Sandeep Perala, Rashmi Joshi, Bheeshma Pratap Singh* and Raghumani Singh Ningthoujam*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0052010.1021/acsaom.4c00520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00520https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00520","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Foreign ion accommodation plays a significant role in altering the behavior of nanomaterials for their crystal structures, morphology, and functionalities. In the present work, the influence of Li<sup>+</sup> co-doping on crystallinity and the photoluminescence upconversion property of NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Ho<sup>3+</sup>/Yb<sup>3+</sup> has been investigated. The crystallinity gets improved significantly after Li<sup>+</sup> co-doping into NaYF<sub>4</sub>:Ho<sup>3+</sup>/Yb<sup>3+</sup>. An X-ray diffraction study confirmed the formation of β-NaYF<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles. A transmission electron microscopy study confirmed the appearance of monodispersed spherical nanoparticles with an average particle size of 30 nm for the sample without an Li<sup>+</sup> ion, whereas hexagonal shaped particles with the longest diagonal of 35 nm were observed for the sample with an Li<sup>+</sup> ion. Under the 980 nm excitation, two prominent upconverting bands at 540 and 650 nm arose due to <sup>5</sup>S<sub>2</sub>/<sup>5</sup>F<sub>4</sub> → <sup>5</sup>I<sub>8</sub> (green) and <sup>5</sup>F<sub>5</sub> → <sup>5</sup>I<sub>8</sub> (red), electronic transitions of Ho<sup>3+</sup> ions, respectively. Such green and red band emissions can be applied in various applications, such as bioimaging in chicken muscle with 0.5 cm penetration depth and anticounterfeiting. The synthesized upconversion nanoparticles exhibited bright green emission. The detection limit was found in our sample to be 22.6 parts per trillion with molarity (32.1 nM) using integrating sphere technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"444–454 444–454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pamela Stoeva, Dervil Cody, Suzanne Martin and Izabela Naydenova*,
{"title":"Holographic Photopolymer Gratings: A Step toward Wound Temperature Sensing","authors":"Pamela Stoeva, Dervil Cody, Suzanne Martin and Izabela Naydenova*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsaom.4c0050410.1021/acsaom.4c00504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00504https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaom.4c00504","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study presents the development and optimization of acrylamide-based photopolymer volume transmission gratings for wound temperature monitoring, addressing the need for accessible, user-friendly real-time biomedical sensors. Temperature variations in the narrow range of 33–37 °C are clinically significant for wound healing, offering insights into inflammation and infection prior to visual indications. Leveraging the inherent sensitivity of grating diffraction efficiency to Bragg angle detuning, 15° slanted gratings were recorded with an initial diffraction efficiency of 50%. These gratings are designed to provide a selective and reversible response to temperature fluctuations, ensuring compatibility with wound care applications. The photopolymer composition was systematically tailored by varying the ratios of acrylamide (AA) and diacetone acrylamide (DA) monomers, as well as the concentration of the cross-linker, <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-methylenebis(acrylamide) (BA). Laminated samples were tested across multiple temperature cycles, demonstrating consistent and repeatable changes in normalized diffracted beam intensity of 72 ± 5% across 10 cycles, revealing a sensitivity of 18%/°C. For the optimized composition, an improved thermal sensitivity, stability, and repeatability, maintaining performance after 20 days of aging was demonstrated. The findings highlight the influence of monomer ratios and cross-linker concentration on thermal responsiveness and material durability. This work underscores the potential of photopolymer gratings as cost-effective, robust, and scalable solutions for wound temperature monitoring, particularly in resource-limited environments. Future studies will focus on integrating these gratings into a flexible wound patch framework for practical clinical applications, further investigating their utility in improving wound care management.</p>","PeriodicalId":29803,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Optical Materials","volume":"3 2","pages":"392–402 392–402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaom.4c00504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}