ACS Measurement Science Au最新文献

{"title":"Broadband Complex Permittivity Spectra: Cole-Cole vs Circuit Models.","authors":"Farizal Hakiki, Chih-Ping Lin","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00065","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydraulic properties such as porosity, water, and clay content can be inferred from electrical parameters like permittivity, conductivity, and resistivity. Spectral data enhance this analysis by revealing features such as pore size and clay type in wet particulate media. In liquid samples, electrode polarization is clearly observed, as orientational polarization occurs only at higher frequencies (MHz to sub-GHz). In contrast, particulate media exhibit electrode polarization artifacts that obscure spatial polarization peaks within the Hz-MHz range, especially in highly conductive materials like wet clayey soils, making the Cole-Cole model insufficient for distinguishing these effects. Therefore, a general circuit model using a parallel form of a resistor and a constant phase element configuration more effectively separates inherent material polarization from electrode polarization. The electrode polarization limiting frequency (<i>f</i> _EP) correlates with both material conductivity and electrode properties, even with low-polarization electrodes like Ag/AgCl. A novel method is introduced to estimate the effective constant phase element exponent ( <math><mover><mi>η</mi> <mo>~</mo></mover> </math> ) using the slope of log permittivity vs log frequency. Finally, the chargeability of kaolinite (<i>m</i> = 0.83-0.86), derived from the ratio of critical frequencies between the Cole-Cole and Pelton models, aligns with its fundamental definition: <i>m</i> = (σ_∞ - σ₀)/σ_∞, where σ₀ is the DC conductivity and σ_∞ is the high-frequency conductivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"716-728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroanalytical Overview: the Measurement of Diuron.","authors":"Robert D Crapnell, Craig E Banks","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00109","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diuron, a widely used herbicide, has been banned or heavily restricted in several countries due to its environmental persistence and toxicity to aquatic ecosystems. Its chemical stability allows it to remain in soil and water for extended periods, leading to long-term contamination and potential leaching into groundwater. This is particularly concerning because diuron has been classified as a possible human carcinogen and exposure through contaminated water, food, or occupational contact raises significant safety concerns. Laboratory-based instruments provide a robust methodology for the measurement of diuron, but there is an opportunity for electroanalytical based devices to provide an in-the-field approach that is comparable and, in some cases, can provide enhanced sensitivity. The low-cost and portable nature of electrochemical instruments allows one-site analysis, removing sample transportation and storage costs, and reducing the overall measurement time. In this perspective, we summarize recent advances in the measurement of diuron using electroanalytical methods, providing insights into the measurement of diuron using various sensing materials and electrochemical platforms. A wide range of electrode materials, such as carbon-based nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, and molecularly imprinted polymers, have been explored to enhance sensitivity and selectivity in the measurement of diuron, and furthermore, we consider the use electrochemiluminescence and additive manufacturing. This overview highlights the role of material properties, electrode surface modification strategies, and signal amplification to enhance the electroanalytical detection of diuron, offering insights into current advancements and future directions in electrochemical sensing for environmental monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"581-594"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Step Label-Free Electrochemical Lateral Flow Immunosensor for SARS-CoV‑2 Antigen Detection.","authors":"Jakkaphan Kumsab, Wanwisa Deenin, Kanokwan Charoenkitamorn, Abdulhadee Yakoh, Gastón A Crespo, Sudkate Chaiyo","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00096","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid and ultrasensitive diagnostic tests for COVID-19 remain crucial, yet conventional lateral flow antigen kits are limited by their reliance on labeled probes and suboptimal sensitivity at low viral loads. Here, we present a label-free electrochemical antigen test kit (free-EATK) that enables one-step detection of the SARS-CoV-2 N protein without the need for conjugate pads, covalently labeled redox probes, or signal normalization schemes. The system integrates a nitrocellulose-coated electrode, a redox pad preloaded with [Ru-(NH₃)₆]³⁺, and a sample inlet. Upon sample application, the immunocomplex forms directly at the sensing zone, followed by diffusion of the redox mediator toward the electrode surface. Signal generation is achieved through direct anodic square wave voltammetry, offering sharp oxidation peaks without additional surface modification or multistep protocols. The method achieves a detection limit of 0.69 pg/mL, with high reproducibility (RSD < 10%, <i>n</i> = 10), sensitivity of 91.7%, and specificity of 100% across clinical samples (<i>n</i> = 24). The free-EATK offers a simple, robust, and reproducible alternative for early stage infectious disease screening, particularly in settings where conventional labels or complex assay formats are impractical.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"760-770"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"pHEAA/pMA-DNA Hydrogel Sensing Platform for Detecting Drug-Resistant Gene Variants in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>.","authors":"Tingting Sun, Shuhang Li, Brij Mohan, Yuanhua Yu, Wei Sun","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00057","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mutations in the drug-resistant gene of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>can make it challenging to use drugs in clinical practice. Traditional genetic testing for resistance requires cell culture and susceptibility testing, which take 1-2 weeks. In this study, a DNA-sensitive hydrogel (pHEAA/pMA-DNA) has been developed with nucleic acid binding ability, water retention capacity, and high-temperature resistance, allowing it to work normally at 105 °C. Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to obtain the necessary physicochemical parameters. The DNA-sensitive hydrogel acts as a novel biosensor for detecting rifampicin- and isoniazid-resistant gene mutations in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. The microarray sensor's detection range is between 10⁹ copies/ml and 10¹ copies/mL, and its stability coefficient of variation (CV) is 2.424%. The study demonstrates that there is no mutual interference in the gel lattice. In addition, experiments on actual nucleic acid samples reveal accurate detection of bacterial strains and drug-resistant gene mutations. The regression curve conforms to the kinetic characteristics of nucleic acid amplification, exhibiting a sigmoidal shape. The Four-Parameter Logistic Regression (4PL) equation was employed for fitting, achieving an excellent coefficient of determination (R² = 0.99791 > 0.99). The method enables parallel detection of microarray biosensors in multidrug-resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. The sensors show high efficiency in detecting resistance mutation sites of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> to rifampicin and isoniazid, paving the way for researchers to design different probes in in vitro detection fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"656-665"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical Conductivity and Permittivity of Porous Media: Origin, Measurements, and Implications.","authors":"Farizal Hakiki, Chih-Ping Lin","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00070","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrical sensing technologies have advanced our ability to infer and evaluate the hydraulic characteristics of porous media that are otherwise inaccessible to direct measurement. Such challenges are particularly prevalent in geo-porous materials such as rocks and soils found in remote regions, harsh environments, or beneath the Earth's surface. Noninvasive sensing and characterization of these materials are indispensable preliminary steps for water-energy nexus activities, including extraction processes (e.g., desalination, groundwater utilization, fossil fuel and geothermal exploration and production) and mitigation efforts (e.g., sediment transport monitoring, contaminant management, and carbon or hydrogen capture, utilization, and storage). These electrical properties are measurable only if the material under investigation possesses an electrical charge and is polarizable. Electrical polarization refers to the relative displacement between positive and negative charges. This raises several critical questions: (i) In what ways can porous media acquire electrical charge and exhibit polarization? (ii) How can their electrical properties be measured both in laboratory and field environments? (iii) What frameworks can be used to interpret the observed electrical properties? (iv) How can we assess the reliability and validity of these interpretations in relation to the hydraulic and physical state of the porous media? This study aims to systematically investigate these questions through a comprehensive synthesis of existing literature and the integration of newly obtained experimental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"595-635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise Characterization of Individual Microfluidic Droplets Using Laser Diffraction.","authors":"Shuzo Masui, Yusuke Kanno, Takasi Nisisako","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00041","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The expanding use of microfluidic droplets and particles across disciplines, from biology to materials science, highlights the need for developing precise characterization methods. Conventional particle characterization based on light scattering typically relies on averaged data from multiple particles, which can lead to inaccuracies due to contamination from larger particles. To overcome this issue, we here present a versatile laser diffraction (LD) system for characterizing individual droplets and particles flowing in a poly-(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic device. Our system, mounted on a commercial inverted microscope, facilitates the simultaneous estimation of both the diameter and the refractive index of microparticles and droplets of size 20-50 μm. The LD system captures the angular distribution of scattered light from individual droplets as they pass through the PDMS microfluidic channels. Validation experiments were performed using liquid paraffin with varying refractive indices, oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O) droplets, and size-certified polystyrene beads. Results showed high accuracy, with mean diameter estimation errors under 5% and refractive index estimation errors <0.5%. This adaptable characterization system can be combined with various microfluidic systems for droplet and particle generation, mixing, and sorting, offering broad potential for applications in multiple research domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"647-655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bubble Perfusion Brain Slice Culture with Single-Droplet Stimulus Delivery in a 3D Printed Microfluidic Device.","authors":"Genoveve G Gutierrez, Richard J Ortiz, Victoria Norman, Rebecca A Prosser, Christopher A Baker","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00028","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Ex vivo</i> tissue culture can model tissue physiology under well-controlled conditions and is especially promising for understanding the complex mechanisms of the brain. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has immense potential to accelerate microfluidic technology development, especially for <i>ex vivo</i> tissue culture devices where miniaturization is ultimately limited by the physical dimensions of tissue explants. Here we describe the development of a 3D printed microfluidic perfusion device for <i>ex vivo</i> brain slices that utilizes media droplets segmented by oxygen bubbles, a perfusion technique we call \"bubble perfusion\". Device design considerations are described, including materials property challenges associated with 3D printed plastic, such as wetting behavior and thermal conductivity challenges. Integrating a heated water circulation chamber and media prewarming chambers yielded media droplets delivered to brain slice explants at a temperature of 36.8 ± 0.13 °C, with tissue experiencing a temperature drift of 0.5 ± 0.09 °C over the course of a 60 s media droplet exposure. Murine brain tissue explants containing the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) or entorhinal cortex (EC) were observed to be viable within the perfusion system by fluorescence imaging of intracellular Ca²⁺ flux induced by single-droplet stimulus of 60 mM KCl. Robust Ca²⁺ flux was observed for perfusion experiments lasting up to 12 h, with sequential droplet observations indicating the temporal dynamics of Ca²⁺ responses. End-point propidium iodide staining was used to characterize the health of EC and SCN tissue, with <i>ca</i>. 60% of cells in both regions showing no sign of membrane damage after 12 h of perfusion. The utility of the perfusion system toward pharmacological studies was demonstrated by comparing the Ca²⁺ flux induced by stimulus with 50 μM cannabidiol (CBD) <i>vs</i> 50 μM anandamide (AEA). Interestingly, similar magnitude and temporal dynamics of Ca²⁺ flux were observed for both CBD and AEA stimuli despite differential proposed mechanisms of action with respect to the CB1 receptor. These studies demonstrate the utility of the 3D printed bubble perfusion system toward the study of receptor-binding ligands that induce relatively modest magnitudes of Ca²⁺ flux.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"636-646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enumeration of Bacteria in Suspensions Using Time Domain Reflectometry.","authors":"Huan Hu, Yili Lu, Robert Horton, Tusheng Ren","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00060","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial detection techniques, such as bacterial counting, are essential in all aspects of environmental monitoring and analysis. However, the standard plate count method for bacterial enumeration with colony-forming units is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, we present a fast and accurate method to count bacteria cells using the technique of time-domain reflectometry (TDR) based on the electrical properties of bacterial cell suspensions. A series of suspensions with various bacterial concentrations were used as the test materials, and the electrical conductivity (σ_a) was determined using the TDR method. The TDR measured-σ_a value was converted to the concentration of bacterial suspension using a pre-established standard curve on three types of bacteria, i.e., <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (<i>B. subtilis</i>), <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> (<i>P. fluorescens</i>), and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>). The σ_a values of suspensions increased exponentially with bacteria concentrations, mainly due to the release of Cl^- and extracellular polymeric substances from the cells that were electrically conductive. For the three types of bacterial strains, the lower detection limits were 6 log CFU mL^-1 for <i>B. subtilis</i>, and 7 log CFU mL^-1 for <i>P. fluorescens</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. Independent evaluation showed that values from the TDR based method matched well with those obtained with the traditional plate count method, with RMSEs of 0.260, 0.166, and 0.198 log CFU mL^-1 for <i>B. subtilis</i>, <i>P. fluorescens</i>, and <i>E. coli</i>, respectively. The TDR based approach provides a fast and accurate means for detecting bacterial cell numbers in suspensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"677-686"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Bandgap Determination by Optical Spectroscopy: Comparative Evaluation of ISARS, UV-vis, and Diffuse Reflectance.","authors":"Huy Pham, Juliana Cardoso Neves, Rongjing Yan, Viktorija Pankratova, Wei Cao, Dongmao Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00059","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The reliability of the Tauc plot method for estimating a material's optical bandgap critically depends on the accurate quantification of its absorption coefficient (α), defined as the path length-normalized absorbance. This study systematically evaluates and compares three spectroscopic techniques, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and integrating sphere-assisted resonance synchronous spectroscopy (ISARS), for their effectiveness in determining the absorption coefficient spectrum used in Tauc plot-based bandgap analysis. For each technique, a generalized mathematical model is developed by parametrizing the measured spectral signal as a functional expression of the sample's optical properties and experimental conditions. These models provide a conceptual framework under which the measured spectra can reliably approximate the true absorption coefficient spectrum, particularly for materials with diverse optical behaviors. UV-vis spectroscopy is found to have highly limited applicability and is suitable only in rare cases where samples are free from scattering and fluorescence interference. While DRS and ISARS yield comparable accuracy for nonfluorescent solids, DRS is constrained by its sensitivity to fluorescence artifacts and its restriction to solid-state samples. In contrast, ISARS consistently outperforms both methods: it is effective for both solid- and solution-phase samples, demonstrates strong resilience against scattering and fluorescence interference, and requires minimal sample preparation. Importantly, ISARS can be readily implemented by using a standard commercial spectrofluorometer equipped with an integrating sphere, making it both practical and accessible. Given its superior accuracy, broad applicability, and ease of use, ISARS stands out as a robust and versatile technique for precise bandgap characterization, offering significant promise for accelerating the discovery and development of photoactive materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"666-676"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern Recognition of Pyrolysis Bio-Oils by GC×GC-TOFMS with Tile-Based Feature Selection and Principal Component Analysis.","authors":"Anna Clara de Freitas Couto, Marília Gabriela Pereira, Wenes Silva, Tarcísio M Santos, Jhonattas C Carregosa, Julian E B Castiblanco, Jandyson Machado Santos, Alberto Wisniewski, Leandro Wang Hantao","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00061","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemometrics associated with advanced analytical separation methods are crucial for the chemical profiling of complex samples, such as bio-oil, enabling more accurate and efficient identification of differential features. The composition of bio-oils influences the selection of pretreatment methods for fuel production, which may include processes such as filtration, guard bed usage, or reactions such as hydrothermal liquefaction and esterification. This study focuses on the chemical profiling of pyrolytic bio-oils from sugar cane bagasse and straw using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). Chemometric approaches such as tile-based Fisher ratio analysis (FRA) and principal component analysis (PCA) are employed for the feature selection of class-differentiating analytes. Bio-oils from both feedstocks exhibited chromatographic profiles with subtle differences, which were observed in the composition and relative abundance of specific compound classes. Bagasse bio-oil was rich in phenolics and hexose derivatives, such as furans and aldehydes. In contrast, straw bio-oil presented a higher abundance of hydrocarbons and fatty acid methyl esters. Tile-based FRA enabled the identification of 16 differential features and the detection of low-intensity compounds, such as long-chain esters and hydrocarbons, not previously detected by the peak table-based approach. PCA based on these differential features explained 98.7% of the total variance (PC1 + PC2), clearly grouping bio-oils by feedstock origin. The findings highlight the potential of GC×GC-TOFMS and chemometrics for differentiating bio-oils, demonstrating the importance of advanced analytical techniques in studying biomass conversion processes and characterizing bioproducts.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 5","pages":"687-694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12532054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}