ACS Measurement Science Au最新文献

{"title":"Transient Single Cell Hypoxia Induced by Localized Galvanostatic Oxygen Challenge","authors":"Marlene H. Hill,&nbsp;Gabriel N. Meloni,&nbsp;Bruno G. Frenguelli and Patrick R. Unwin*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c0010010.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00100https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00100","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Studying cells exposed to low and controllable oxygen levels is key to investigating various fundamental aspects of pathological states, such as stroke and cancer. At present, available methodologies applied in vitro focus on large groups of cells exposed to low oxygen conditions through slow-time approaches, such as environmental incubators or microfluidic devices. Here, we demonstrate a novel approach for titrating the local oxygen concentration around individual adhered PC12 cells, enabling single cells within a population to be exposed to hypoxic-like conditions. A 25 μm diameter platinum disk microelectrode performing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at constant current (galvanostatic control) is used as a microscale oxygen scavenger that can be positioned precisely over individual cells. By coupling the galvanostatic oxygen challenge with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and a commercially available hypoxia dye (Image-iT Green hypoxia reagent), we monitor the response of single cells when exposed to depleted oxygen concentrations over time. Numerical simulations are used to characterize the oxygen and pH gradient imposed by the microelectrode at different cathodic currents, revealing that within seconds, the oxygen depletion zone reaches a steady-state condition, extending a few microelectrode radii into solution, while the corresponding pH gradient is strongly compressed by the buffer solution. Cells under the microelectrode show a marked increase in average fluorescence rate relative to control, reporting their hypoxic conditions and demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method. Heterogenous cell response in a challenged group is also observed, highlighting the ability of this approach to investigate the natural heterogeneity in cell populations. This work provides a platform and roadmap for future studies of cellular systems where the ability to control and vary oxygen concentration on a rapid time scale would be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"234–241 234–241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tutorial for Scanning Electrochemical Cell Microscopy (SECCM) Measurements: Step-by-Step Instructions, Visual Resources, and Guidance for First Experiments","authors":"Kamsy Lerae Anderson,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Martin Andrew Edwards*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c0009110.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00091https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00091","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) produces nanoscale-resolution electrochemical maps of electrode surfaces using the meniscus at the tip of an electrolyte-filled nanopipette as a mobile electrochemical cell. While the use and range of applications of SECCM have grown rapidly since its introduction, the pathway to performing SECCM measurements can be daunting to those without direct access to expert users. This work fills this expertise gap by providing a step-by-step guide to performing one’s first SECCM experiments, including troubleshooting strategies, videos/images, suggested parameters and experimental systems, and representative data (of both successful experiments and common problems). No background in SECCM is assumed and fundamentals are clearly explained at each stage with a rationale for the experimental steps provided. This work provides an entry point for the uninitiated to understand and use this powerful nanoscale electrochemical characterization technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"160–177 160–177"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Fast Immunosensor Based on Biohybrid Self-Assembled Nanostructures for the Detection of KYNA as a Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker for Alzehimer’s Disease","authors":"A. Narváez*,&nbsp;J. Jiménez,&nbsp;M. Rodríguez-Núñez,&nbsp;M. Torre,&nbsp;E. Carro,&nbsp;M.-P. Marco and E. Domínguez,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c0010210.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00102https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00102","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Although the role of kynurenic acid (KYNA) is not yet fully understood, recent research has implicated this tryptophan (Trp) metabolite as a significant biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we developed an immunosensor platform based on self-assembled polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs), employing an enzyme-labeled immunoreagent in a competitive displacement format that requires only a single wash step. This immunosensor enables the detection of KYNA and Trp with detection limits (LOD) of 9 pg/mL and 1.2 ng/mL, respectively. Results validated by traditional ELISA methods indicated elevated levels of KYNA and an increased KYNA/Trp ratio in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Alzheimer’s patients compared to controls, consistent with previous findings. Additionally, this immunosensor platform can be readily adapted to detect other neuroactive Trp metabolites by substituting specific immunoreagents, supporting a flexible profile-based approach. This platform could serve as a rapid, cost-effective clinical tool for monitoring neurological and psychiatric disorders, potentially advancing therapeutic strategy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"242–249 242–249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Frequency Effective Capacitance Cec and Membrane Resistance Z Readout for Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes","authors":"Tingting Han*,&nbsp;Sini Chen,&nbsp;Tao Song,&nbsp;Dongxue Han and Li Niu,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c0009310.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00093https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00093","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Here, we propose new single-frequency effective capacitance <i>C</i>_ec and membrane resistance <i>Z</i> readout principle for solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SCISEs). Conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with polystyrenesulfonate (PSS^–), <i>i.e.</i>, PEDOT(PSS), as solid contact and valinomycin-based membrane were prepared for K⁺-SCISEs. At high frequencies, the membrane resistance of K⁺-SCISEs corresponding to impedance absolute value <i>Z</i> was recorded constantly as KCl aqueous solution diluted with water. The membrane resistance <i>Z</i> increases as the electrolyte concentration decreases. Under identical dilution steps, the linear slope of the logarithmic membrane resistance log<i>Z</i> <i>vs</i> log<i>a</i>_K+ for K⁺-SCISEs with the spin-coated membrane is larger than that of the electrode covered with the drop-cast membrane. As the K⁺-SCISE resistance with the spin-coated membrane was reduced to hundreds of Ω, the log<i>Z</i> of K⁺-SCISEs is linearly proportional to log<i>a</i>_K+ in the range of −1 to −3.4, providing a possibility of utilizing membrane resistance <i>Z</i> as a calibration-free analytical signal for SCISEs. The effective capacitance <i>C</i>_ec of K⁺-SCISEs with the spin-coated membrane was performed in 0.1 M KCl applied with single frequency ranging from 1 MHz and decreases by a factor of 10 to 10 mHz. The obtained <i>C</i>_ec of K⁺-SCISEs with the spin-coated membrane is linearly proportional to log<i>f</i>in the range of 1 MHz to 10 Hz with a slope of <i>ca.</i> −0.97, while at a low frequency ranging from 1 Hz to 10 mHz, the linear slope of log<i>C</i>_ec <i>vs</i> log<i>f</i> is suppressed, where Warburg diffusion takes effect. Furthermore, the membrane resistance <i>Z</i> is independent of applied high frequencies, and the effective capacitance <i>C</i>_ec is independent of the excitation amplitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"216–225 216–225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Dual-Function Microelectronic Fibers for pH and Temperature Sensing: Toward In Vivo and Wearable Applications","authors":"Mahiro Kubo,&nbsp;Mayuko Abe,&nbsp;Etienne Le Bourdonnec,&nbsp;Sheau-Chyi Wu,&nbsp;To-En Hsu,&nbsp;Takao Inoue and Yuanyuan Guo*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c0009210.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00092https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00092","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Temperature plays a crucial role in biological functions in normal physiological and pathological states and is intricately linked with chemical dynamics <i>in vivo</i> at the cellular, circuit, and system levels. Despite advances in temperature measurement technologies for internal monitoring, systems capable of simultaneously tracking localized temperature and chemical changes are still underdeveloped. In this study, we introduce dual-sensing hybrid fibers with a miniature footprint of &lt;400 μm in diameter, fabricated using the thermal drawing process. These fibers exhibit precise temperature sensitivity, detecting changes as small as 0.5 °C, and demonstrate highly sensitive and reversible pH detection, a critical physiological parameter. Furthermore, through laser micromachining and surface functionalization, we highlight the potential of these fibers for wearable applications in dual pH and temperature sensing. This innovative dual-sensing technology offers a versatile platform for probing temperature and chemical signaling <i>in vivo</i> and wearable applications, with significant implications for therapeutic development and a deeper understanding of biological processes in various environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"208–215 208–215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate Strategy for Understanding Soil Features from Rare-Earth Element Profiles: A Focus on Data Normalization","authors":"Marcella Barbera,&nbsp;Sara Gariglio,&nbsp;Cristina Malegori*,&nbsp;Paolo Oliveri,&nbsp;Filippo Saiano,&nbsp;Riccardo Scalenghe and Daniela Piazzese,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c0008410.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00084https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00084","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The interest in assessing the behavior of rare-earth elements (REE) in the natural environment is constantly increasing due to their numerous applications in both environmental and technological fields. However, current methodologies for analyzing REE distributions are based on normalization of REE concentration profiles to lithological values, potentially resulting in different outcomes depending on which lithological values are used for normalization, affecting the interpretability of the data. The present work proposes an alternative approach for analyzing REE concentration profiles by applying principal component analysis (PCA) to create REE chemometric maps. The data compression allows the visualization of the REE distribution using a red-green-blue (RGB) color scale (PC1 = red channel; PC2 = green channel; PC3 = blue channel) directly on a geographical map, reflecting the chemical properties of rare-earth elements. This highlights similarities and differences in the compositional REE distribution of natural soils, facilitating the interpretability of REE data and potentially leading to new insights related to seemingly unrelated samples. Additionally, PCA applied to soil variables correlates with REE patterns and provides deeper insights into soil properties in an unsupervised manner, enhancing the interpretation of soil characteristics and implementing the ability to monitor environmental changes and study soil evolution processes. Of particular significance is the fact that applying the proposed methodology to non-normalized data yields results that are consistent with those derived from normalized data sets. Therefore, this approach not only overcomes normalization challenges but also supports the classical approach from a new methodological perspective, paving the way for broader applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"189–198 189–198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Light Transmission Spectroscopy for Rapid Quality Control Imperfection Identification in Nanoimprinted Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates","authors":"Mike Hardy*,&nbsp;Hin On Martin Chu,&nbsp;Serene Pauly,&nbsp;Katie F. Cavanagh,&nbsp;Breandán J.F. Hill,&nbsp;Jason Wiggins,&nbsp;Alina Schilling,&nbsp;Pola Goldberg Oppenheimer,&nbsp;Liam M. Grover,&nbsp;Richard J. Winfield,&nbsp;Jade N. Scott,&nbsp;Matthew D. Doherty,&nbsp;Ryan McCarron,&nbsp;William R. Hendren,&nbsp;Paul Dawson and Robert M. Bowman,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c0000310.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00003https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00003","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Miniaturized biomedical sensor development requires improvements in lithographic processes in terms of cost and scalability. Of particular promise is nanoimprint lithography (NIL), but this can suffer from a lack of high-fidelity pattern reproducibility between master and imprinted substrates. Herein, we present a multidisciplinary investigation into gold- and iron-coated NIL sensors including custom optics and spectroscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and data analysis insights. Polyurethane NIL-made nanodome arrays were interrogated with white light transmission spectroscopy, coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) to investigate potential offsets in the photon-substrate plane interaction angle, an imperfection in NIL substrates. Large-angle mismatches (2–10°) were found to be easily discernible by PCA with statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> = 0.05). Unexpected dips in some spectra are postulated to be due to interacting localized and propagating plasmon polaritons, which is supported with a coupled two-oscillator model. General insights are made regarding the interpretation of PCA loadings, which should be related to physical phenomena, and where maximum variance is not necessarily the most meaningful criterion. Smaller angles (&lt;1°) show no significant differences with overlapping confidence intervals in PCA space. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurements on gold-coated nanodomes returned relative standard deviations of 6–10% via analysis of gelatin, which is of interest as a nasal lining approximation. Interestingly, nanodomes coated in iron produced small, but useful SERS enhancements, which was subsequently interrogated via scanning thermal probe microscopy showing temperature increases of up to 5 °C over the area of one nanostructure (∼1 μm²). Nanostructures remained intact despite the surprising large local temperature increase relative to a gold-coated comparison sample (∼2 °C). The current study provides a framework for the rapid and accurate quality control assessment of imperfections in NIL-produced nanostructures for sensing applications in SERS and surface plasmon resonance, which may need precisely fabricated nanostructures.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"250–263 250–263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrating 5 Years of the ACS Au Journal Family","authors":"Paul D. Goring,&nbsp;Amelia Newman,&nbsp;Christopher W. Jones* and Shelley D. Minteer*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c0001710.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00017https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"157–159 157–159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Separation Media with Metal Oxide Nanostructures for Capillary Electrochromatography","authors":"Katsuya Nakano,&nbsp;Ryoma Kamei,&nbsp;Eisuke Kanao,&nbsp;Takuro Hosomi,&nbsp;Sayaka Konishi Yamada,&nbsp;Yasushi Ishihama,&nbsp;Takeshi Yanagida and Takuya Kubo*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c0008910.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00089https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00089","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO nanowire, ZnO NWs) are nanostructures that have drawn attention as separation media for efficient biomolecules because of high biological compatibility and low cost. Development of the capillary column (ZnO column) using a ZnO NW to an inner wall has been reported, although there are only a few studies about molecular recognition of a ZnO NW regardless of numerous studies reporting ZnO NWs. In our previous studies, we conducted fundamental research to elucidate molecular recognition of ZnO NW and develop a novel liquid phase separation field. Consequently, we achieved baseline separation of mixed adenosine phosphate analytes using a phosphate buffer in the mobile phase. In this study, to improve the low resistance of ZnO NW toward a solvent, we covered a surface of ZnO NW with titanium oxide (TiO₂) thin layers using atomic layer deposition. As a result, the column (TiO₂ NW column) showed high affinity toward acidic compounds like the ZnO column, strongly interacting with especially phosphate groups. Resistance of ZnO NW to a weak acidic buffer solution was then dramatically improved. This is because multipoint electrostatic interaction between the phosphate groups and the NW surface occurred. Next, we conducted capillary electrochromatography to examine the possibility for application of separation analysis. The elution order of the phosphorylated compound was successfully controlled by the migration solution containing aqueous acetonitrile with weak acids.</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 2","pages":"199–207 199–207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Sensing Liquid- and Gas-Phase Hydrocarbons via Mid-Infrared Broadband Femtosecond Laser Source Spectroscopy\".","authors":"Michael Hlavatsch, Andrea Teuber, Max Eisele, Boris Mizaikoff","doi":"10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00026.].</p>","PeriodicalId":29800,"journal":{"name":"ACS Measurement Science Au","volume":"5 1","pages":"155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}