Small Science最新文献_第7页

Quantum-Capacitance Biosensing Enables Real-Time Monitoring of Naxitamab for Therapeutic Response Stratification in Neuroblastoma. 量子电容生物传感能够实时监测纳西他单抗对神经母细胞瘤的治疗反应分层。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-31 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70349

Andy Bruno, Ruslán Alvarez-Diduk, Paula Lara, Gabriel Maroli, Cristina Larrosa, Sandra López-Miralles, Jaume Mora, Carlos J Rodríguez-Hernández, Arben Merkoçi

{"title":"Quantum-Capacitance Biosensing Enables Real-Time Monitoring of Naxitamab for Therapeutic Response Stratification in Neuroblastoma.","authors":"Andy Bruno, Ruslán Alvarez-Diduk, Paula Lara, Gabriel Maroli, Cristina Larrosa, Sandra López-Miralles, Jaume Mora, Carlos J Rodríguez-Hernández, Arben Merkoçi","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70349","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70349","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroblastoma, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in early childhood, relies on anti-GD2 immunotherapy, whose efficacy is critically dependent on systemic drug exposure that remains largely unmonitored in real time, limiting treatment optimization and early response assessment. Here, a first-in-class, label-free electrochemical biosensing platform is reported for the direct quantification of naxitamab in patient-derived samples. The system is based on a laser-assisted reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticle (rGO@AuNPs) nanocomposite, enabling ultrasensitive detection through quantum capacitance modulation arising from perturbations in the electronic density of states of graphene upon biomolecular recognition. Laser-assisted fabrication yields nanostructured electrodes with enhanced surface area and conductivity, promoting stable antibody immobilization and reproducible signal transduction. The platform operates in the femtomolar regime, with a linear response between 25 and 300 fM, high specificity against relevant interferents, and robust performance in diluted human serum. A single-point calibration strategy enables accurate quantification while compensating for device variability. Application to retrospective clinical samples reveals distinct post-infusion concentration profiles, enabling early discrimination between responder groups and detection of antidrug antibody development. This work establishes quantum-capacitance biosensing as a generalizable strategy for real-time monitoring of therapeutic antibodies in precision oncology.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70349"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulating Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer in UiO-66(Zr)-NH₂ With Site-Isolated Cu⁺ Centers for Efficient Photocatalytic H₂O₂ Generation. 利用位隔离Cu+中心调节UiO-66(Zr)-NH2中配体到金属的电荷转移，用于高效光催化生成H2O2

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-30 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70333

Aneek Kuila, Khaled Dassouki, Aditya Swarup Lal, Ambili Ramanthrikkovil Variyam, Nirmalendu Sekhar Mishra, Eddy Dumas, Nadav Amdursky, Nathalie Steunou, Yaron Paz

{"title":"Regulating Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer in UiO-66(Zr)-NH2 With Site-Isolated Cu+ Centers for Efficient Photocatalytic H2O2 Generation.","authors":"Aneek Kuila, Khaled Dassouki, Aditya Swarup Lal, Ambili Ramanthrikkovil Variyam, Nirmalendu Sekhar Mishra, Eddy Dumas, Nadav Amdursky, Nathalie Steunou, Yaron Paz","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70333","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70333","url":null,"abstract":"Site-isolated metal centers within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer a promising strategy to regulate charge-transfer dynamics and enhance photocatalysis. Here, we investigate the influence of atomically dispersed Cu ions on the photophysics and photocatalytic activity of the zirconium-based MOF UiO-66(Zr)-NH2. Cu was incorporated via wet impregnation, producing Cu@UiO-66(Zr)-NH2 composites with preserved crystallinity. Structural and spectroscopic analyses confirm that Cu is stabilized predominantly as site-isolated Cu+ species interacting with the amino-functionalized linker. Photoluminescence studies reveal that Cu incorporation introduces an additional ligand-to-Cu charge-transfer pathway that competes with the intrinsic ligand-to-cluster transfer to the Zr6O4(OH)4 nodes, resulting in strong photoluminescence quenching. Time-resolved photoluminescence and transient infrared spectroscopy demonstrate that Cu sites efficiently capture photogenerated electrons, suppressing energy dissipation and accelerating charge-separation processes. These electronic effects significantly enhance photocatalytic oxygen reduction for H2O2 production under simulated solar irradiation. The H2O2 yield upon using 5 mg of MOF increased from ∼1.5 µmol h-1 for pristine UiO-66(Zr)-NH2 to ∼8.2 µmol h-1 for the 7 wt% Cu-loaded material. Mechanistic investigations indicate Cu+ centers promote oxygen adsorption and activation, favoring the two-electron oxygen reduction pathway. This work demonstrates that site-isolated Cu ions can modulate ligand-to-metal charge-transfer processes in MOFs, offering a rational strategy to design efficient photocatalysts.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70333"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid Nano-Atomic IrFe-N-C for Low-Iridium Oxygen Electrocatalysis. 杂化纳米原子铁-氮-碳用于低铱氧电催化。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-29 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70358

Meng-Meng Liu, Han Gao, Shi-Yu Zhu, Meng Li, Xiao Ren, Yi-Fang Yuan, Wei-Jie Liu, Ling-Rui Wang, Tian-Yu Xia, Xiao-Lei Shi, Hai-Zhong Guo, Zhi-Gang Chen

{"title":"Hybrid Nano-Atomic IrFe-N-C for Low-Iridium Oxygen Electrocatalysis.","authors":"Meng-Meng Liu, Han Gao, Shi-Yu Zhu, Meng Li, Xiao Ren, Yi-Fang Yuan, Wei-Jie Liu, Ling-Rui Wang, Tian-Yu Xia, Xiao-Lei Shi, Hai-Zhong Guo, Zhi-Gang Chen","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70358","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70358","url":null,"abstract":"Designing efficient bifunctional catalysts for oxygen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions (OER/ORR) is essential for advancing metal-air batteries, yet remains challenging due to the fundamentally distinct reaction pathways involved. Here, we address this challenge by developing a hybrid IrFe-N-C electrocatalyst that integrates IrFe nanoparticles with a Fe-N-C support rich in atomically dispersed Fe-N4 sites. This hierarchical active-site design enables functional complementarity: IrFe nanoparticles preferentially catalyze the OER, while Fe-N4 moieties serve as highly active ORR sites. Effective metal-support interactions stabilize both single atoms and ultrafine nanoparticles, ensuring high activity and stability. As a result, the catalyst exhibits impressive bifunctional performance with reduced Ir loading, achieving an OER overpotential of only 227 mV at 10 mA cm-2. The mass activities for both OER and ORR far surpass those of state-of-the-art Ir/C and Pt/C benchmarks. When implemented in Zn-air batteries, the catalyst delivers promising power density and fair cycling stability. These results establish a rational design strategy for cost-effective, durable bifunctional catalysts toward next-generation energy storage technologies.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70358"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable P3HB:ZnO Composite Piezoelectric Nanofibers for AI-Driven Gait Monitoring. 可持续P3HB:ZnO复合压电纳米纤维用于ai驱动的步态监测。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-29 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70355

Milad Razbin, Kexin Ruan, Danish Tahir, Xuan Li, Qing Li, Hala Zreiqat, Fariba Dehghani, Shuying Wu

{"title":"Sustainable P3HB:ZnO Composite Piezoelectric Nanofibers for AI-Driven Gait Monitoring.","authors":"Milad Razbin, Kexin Ruan, Danish Tahir, Xuan Li, Qing Li, Hala Zreiqat, Fariba Dehghani, Shuying Wu","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70355","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70355","url":null,"abstract":"Degrable, high-performance piezoelectric materials are critical for implantable and environmentally friendly devices capable of reliable sensing and energy harvesting while safely degrading after use. However, most degrable piezoelectric materials still suffer from limited electromechanical performance. Here, we report a high-performance poly(3-hydroxybutyrate):zinc oxide (P3HB:ZnO) composite piezoelectric nanofiber optimized using an integrated artificial neural network-genetic algorithm framework. The model identified an optimal ZnO content of 4.3 wt.%, resulting in significantly enhanced piezoelectric performance compared with pristine P3HB. The optimized nanofibers achieved a peak voltage sensitivity of 0.382 mV/kPa at 1 Hz and an effective piezoelectric voltage coefficient of 13.65 mV/m·N, with stable output over 1000 loading cycles and a response delay of 318 ms. Biodegradation studies showed approximately 38% mass loss after 6 weeks, while the nanofibers retained measurable piezoelectric functionality within this timeframe. Furthermore, integration with a multichannel sensing platform enabled a proof-of-concept AI-assisted gait-recognition demonstration. This work presents a scalable machine-learning-driven strategy for designing high-performance sustainable piezoelectric materials for self-powered transient bioelectronics.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70355"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Programmable Inter-Droplet Communication by Polymer-Gated Ion Transport Through Nanopore Lattices. 聚合物门控离子通过纳米孔晶格传输的可编程液滴间通信。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-29 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70352

Marius Kirsch, Agustin D Pizarro, Martín G Bellino, Galo J A A Soler-Illia, Annette Andrieu-Brunsen

{"title":"Programmable Inter-Droplet Communication by Polymer-Gated Ion Transport Through Nanopore Lattices.","authors":"Marius Kirsch, Agustin D Pizarro, Martín G Bellino, Galo J A A Soler-Illia, Annette Andrieu-Brunsen","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70352","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70352","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to their hydrophilicity and pronounced capillary pressures, mesoporous platforms enable isotropic or multidirectional fluid transport. Based on aqueous salt solution droplets, we investigate nanopore-driven ion transport control for tailorable droplet communication via a mesoporous surface. Droplets were placed on a mesoporous silica thin film, separated by a polyelectrolyte (PEL) barrier. The PEL-barrier was incorporated into the mesoporous matrix by automated direct-laser-writing and a grafting-from SI-PET-RAFT polymerization. Permselective transport-regulated barrier breakthrough times were used to compare aqueous BaCl2, MgSO4, MgCl2, and NaCl solutions. By tuning the barrier widths, the full range of the polyelectrolyte barrier functions from ion-selective flow regulation to complete fluid retention becomes attainable. Ion-specific barrier interactions lead to characteristic imbibition dynamics beyond the barrier, involving advancing imbibition toward a steady state in the case of favored barrier permeation, or hindered and oscillating imbibition in the case of disfavored barrier permeation. The ionic selectivity further allows the emergence of control of chemical events such as precipitation reactions in nanopores by the spatial localization of droplets according to the barrier site. The insights into polyelectrolyte-regulated ion transport during imbibition processes bring new tools for the development of compartmentalized and reconfigurable communication between distant fluid reservoirs through nanostructured coatings.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70352"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrostatic and Structural Engineering in Preintercalated V₂O₅: A Design Framework for Multivalent Ion Storage. 预插层V2O5的静电与结构工程：多价离子存储的设计框架。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-28 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70338

Anagha P Vincent, P Vipin Kumar, S B Gudennavar, B S Nishchith, S G Bubbly, Maria Helena Braga

{"title":"Electrostatic and Structural Engineering in Preintercalated V2O5: A Design Framework for Multivalent Ion Storage.","authors":"Anagha P Vincent, P Vipin Kumar, S B Gudennavar, B S Nishchith, S G Bubbly, Maria Helena Braga","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70338","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70338","url":null,"abstract":"Preintercalation has emerged as a powerful strategy to modulate the electrochemical performance of layered vanadium oxides, yet a unified mechanistic understanding linking structural and electrostatic effects remains lacking. Here, we establish a unified framework describing how preintercalated species govern ion transport, structural stability, and electrochemical behavior in V2O5-based cathodes. We show that preintercalation operates through a coupled structural-electrostatic mechanism governed by interlayer spacing, charge screening, and solvation effects, where guest species act as interlayer pillars that stabilize the lattice while simultaneously tuning the local electrostatic potential landscape and charge screening environment. The interplay between ionic size, charge density, hydration state, and electronic structure defines Zn2+ diffusion barriers, redox kinetics, and electrochemical reversibility. By systematically analyzing monovalent, divalent, and trivalent preintercalated metal ions, we identify key design principles that dictate optimal interlayer spacing, electronic conductivity, and ion mobility. Importantly, the role of structural water is redefined as an active electrostatic mediator reducing effective ion charge and lowering migration barriers. This work transcends conventional material-specific discussions and provides a generalizable design framework for preintercalation engineering in layered oxides, with implications extending beyond zinc-ion systems to multivalent and hybrid energy storage technologies.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70338"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanostructured Ti-6Al-4V Reduces Adhesion of Several Bacterial Species: An In Vitro Study. 纳米结构的Ti-6Al-4V减少几种细菌的粘附：一项体外研究。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-28 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70348

Sadaf Khalatbarizamanpoor, Adrian G Nowotnick, Stephanie Lippmann, Antje Häder, Felix Otto, Lena Raupach, Torsten Fritz, Yasmina Reisser, Jörg Bossert, Bettina Löffler, Klaus D Jandt

{"title":"Nanostructured Ti-6Al-4V Reduces Adhesion of Several Bacterial Species: An In Vitro Study.","authors":"Sadaf Khalatbarizamanpoor, Adrian G Nowotnick, Stephanie Lippmann, Antje Häder, Felix Otto, Lena Raupach, Torsten Fritz, Yasmina Reisser, Jörg Bossert, Bettina Löffler, Klaus D Jandt","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70348","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70348","url":null,"abstract":"Biomaterial-associated infections (BAIs) and insufficient early cellular response remain critical challenges for orthopedic implants. We introduce a comprehensive study that bridges current knowledge gaps by examining an early-stage antimicrobial effect on the clinically relevant alloy Ti-6Al-4V. It combines pathogenic strains with parallel osteoblast assays and tilted-view SEM analysis to obtain a qualitative understanding of the adhesion mechanisms. Detailed physicochemical characterization revealed a progressive increase in nanoscale roughness and oxide layer thickness, accompanied by selective Al/V depletion and pronounced hydrophilization. To evaluate biological responses, we used standardized in vitro models with Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli. Bacterial adhesion was quantified by SYTO9 staining, a GFP-expressing strain as a viability control, and SEM imaging. Nanostructured (R q ≤ 40 nm) surfaces significantly reduced early bacterial attachment compared to polished nanoflat controls. In parallel, osteoblast-like SaOs-2 cells showed stable adhesion and spreading, confirmed by phalloidin/DAPI staining and LDH cytotoxicity assay. Together, these results demonstrate that NaOH-etched Ti-6Al-4V surfaces can impair early microbial adhesion based on physical action and preserve osteoblast compatibility. By integrating advanced materials characterization with microbiological and cell biological assays, we provide a framework for topography-driven surface design toward infection-resistant orthopedic implants that support favorable early osteoblast-surface interactions.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70348"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Janus Polymeric Nanorods Inhibit human Amylin Oligomerization and Fibrillation for Potential Type 2 Diabetes Treatment. Janus聚合纳米棒抑制人胰淀素寡聚化和纤颤用于潜在的2型糖尿病治疗。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-27 eCollection Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70326

Mathilde Jégo, Sandra Kalem, Irene Antignano, David Siefker, Mingsheng Ji, Julia Kaffy, Lynda Benrabah, Chloé Cayrou, Kawthar Bouchemal, Mélanie Hery, Erwan Nicol, Sandrine Pensec, Jutta Rieger, Claire Smadja, Sandrine Ongeri, Laurent Bouteiller, Olivier Colombani, Myriam Taverna

{"title":"Janus Polymeric Nanorods Inhibit human Amylin Oligomerization and Fibrillation for Potential Type 2 Diabetes Treatment.","authors":"Mathilde Jégo, Sandra Kalem, Irene Antignano, David Siefker, Mingsheng Ji, Julia Kaffy, Lynda Benrabah, Chloé Cayrou, Kawthar Bouchemal, Mélanie Hery, Erwan Nicol, Sandrine Pensec, Jutta Rieger, Claire Smadja, Sandrine Ongeri, Laurent Bouteiller, Olivier Colombani, Myriam Taverna","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70326","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70326","url":null,"abstract":"Protein misfolding and aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) are central to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite many antiamyloid strategies, most suffer from poor selectivity, limited potency, and inadequate biocompatibility. Here, we report the first demonstration that polymeric Janus nanorods (JNRs) can delay both oligomerization and fibrillation of hIAPP through high-affinity, sequence-specific interactions. These anisotropic poly(N, N-dimethylacrylamide) nanostructures, synthesized via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, self-assemble to display a β-hairpin mimetic ligand (LP2) on one face, enabling multivalent and directional binding. Biophysical assays reveal that JNR-LP2 suppresses amyloid aggregation at substoichiometric concentrations, markedly outperforming free LP2 and nonfunctionalized JNRs. Mechanistic studies, including capillary zone electrophoresis and Thioflavin T fluorescence, show that JNR-LP2 stabilizes monomeric hIAPP, prevents oligomer formation, and delays fibril nucleation. Importantly, binding experiments provide the first quantitative evidence of a strong affinity constant between a polymeric nanoparticle and hIAPP, establishing molecular specificity with negligible off-target activity against unrelated amyloid proteins such as Tau. In cellular models, JNR-LP2 mitigates hIAPP-induced cytotoxicity while exhibiting excellent intrinsic biocompatibility. Collectively, these findings identify JNRs as a modular and selective nanoplatform for amyloid inhibition, offering a novel precision-nanomedicine approach to T2DM.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 7","pages":"e70326"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13410570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wavelet Transform-Based Atomic Force Microscopy: A Computational Paradigm for Dynamic Nanoscale Imaging and Characterisation. 基于小波变换的原子力显微镜：动态纳米级成像和表征的计算范式。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-26 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70350

Pardis Biglarbeigi, Navneet Soin, Amit Kumar, Dewar Finlay, Amir Farokh Payam

{"title":"Wavelet Transform-Based Atomic Force Microscopy: A Computational Paradigm for Dynamic Nanoscale Imaging and Characterisation.","authors":"Pardis Biglarbeigi, Navneet Soin, Amit Kumar, Dewar Finlay, Amir Farokh Payam","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70350","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70350","url":null,"abstract":"Wavelet transform-based atomic force microscopy (WT-AFM) marks a significant paradigm shift in nanoscale imaging by enabling real-time, simultaneous computational analysis of tip-sample interactions in both the time and frequency domains. Unlike conventional AFM approaches that are limited to steady-state, single-frequency responses-the WT-AFM directly applies wavelet transform techniques to the raw cantilever deflection signal, providing direct access to non-linear, transient and multi-frequency dynamics that remain obscured in traditional modalities. The WT-AFM framework integrates high-speed data acquisition, wavelet decomposition, adaptive noise filtering and a custom unsupervised image fusion algorithm to generate high-contrast, information-rich maps of nanoscale heterogeneity. Coupled with digital twin simulations, this approach bridges experimental measurement with underlying materials physics, offering a powerful interpretative framework for dynamic spectral features. Beyond surpassing the existing multi-frequency AFM techniques in temporal resolution, bandwidth and sensitivity to non-steady-state behaviour, the WT-AFM establishes a dynamic platform for high-speed force mapping, time-resolved Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy and the investigation of complex viscoelastic or multi-layer systems. This perspective highlights how WT-AFM stands to redefine nanoscale characterisation by extending AFM as a computational dynamic platform for probing the temporal evolution of electronic processes, transient interactions and functional heterogeneity at the nanoscale.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70350"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13410550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineered Bacterial Membranes as Next-Generation Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy. 工程细菌膜作为下一代癌症免疫治疗平台。

IF 7

Small Science Pub Date : 2026-07-26 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.70351

Hafiza Aasia Malik, Urooj Yousaf Virk, Mohamed Salah Attia, Jenny Wilson, Ming Wei

{"title":"Engineered Bacterial Membranes as Next-Generation Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy.","authors":"Hafiza Aasia Malik, Urooj Yousaf Virk, Mohamed Salah Attia, Jenny Wilson, Ming Wei","doi":"10.1002/smsc.70351","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.70351","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial membranes, in their natural and engineered forms, including outer membrane vesicles, bacterial ghosts, engineered membrane fragments, and hybrid scaffolds, are emerging as multifunctional immunotherapeutic platforms that merge antigen presentation with intrinsic adjuvanticity. By codisplaying tumor antigens and conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as lipopolysaccharide, flagellin, and CpG motifs, bacterial membranes activate dendritic cells, drive crosspresentation, and elicit durable cytotoxic T-cell memory. Advances in genetic fusion systems (Lpp-OmpA, ClyA, Ag43, and SpyTag/SpyCatcher), lipid A detoxification, and tumor membrane hybridization have transformed bacterial membranes from empirical immunostimulants into programmable vaccine scaffolds. Preclinical studies across melanoma, lung, breast, and glioblastoma models show that these systems reprogram the tumor microenvironment, inducing Th1-polarized immunity, pyroptotic tumor death, and synergy with checkpoint blockade, chemotherapy, and phototherapy. Beyond vesicular formats, membrane fragments and engineered ghosts demonstrate equivalent potential for safe, modular, and scalable vaccine design. Integrating AI-driven antigen discovery, CRISPR-based strain engineering, and automated biofoundries now offers a path toward clinical translation. Collectively, these developments position bacterial membranes as a unifying platform that bridges innate and adaptive immunity for next-generation cancer immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"6 8","pages":"e70351"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13410410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0