Small Science最新文献_第6页

Cryomicroneedle Arrays for Biotherapeutics Delivery. 用于生物治疗药物递送的低温微针阵列。

IF 8.3

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-06-08 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202500009

Chunli Yang, Li Zhang, Angxi Zhou, Siyi Wang, Ya Ren, Maya Xiang, Run Tian, Yang Yu, Rong Li, Maling Gou

{"title":"Cryomicroneedle Arrays for Biotherapeutics Delivery.","authors":"Chunli Yang, Li Zhang, Angxi Zhou, Siyi Wang, Ya Ren, Maya Xiang, Run Tian, Yang Yu, Rong Li, Maling Gou","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202500009","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202500009","url":null,"abstract":"Biotherapy offers a promising approach for treating a variety of diseases. However, the lack of advanced delivery systems remains a significant barrier to improve the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of biotherapeutics. The microneedle, as a minimally invasive drug delivery tool, has demonstrated considerable potential in biotherapeutic applications. Despite this promise, challenges remain in fabricating microneedles that effectively preserve the bioactivity of biotherapeutics. Emerging as a novel solution, cryomicroneedles (cryoMNs) employ cryogenically molded ice matrices that exploit phase-transition thermodynamics. The metabolic stasis induced by cryoimmobilization preserves biomolecular conformation and cellular viability. Moreover, the ice-reinforced architectures achieve an optimal balance between mechanical penetration capacity and post-insertion dissolution kinetics, overcoming the rigidity-flexibility trade-off in traditional dissolving microneedles. Current research prioritizes three breakthrough directions: material innovation for cryocompatible polymer-ice interfaces, cold-chain optimization strategies to enhance payload viability, and innovations in medical application scenarios. Notably, preclinical successes in regenerative tissue engineering and thermostable vaccine platforms highlight cryoMNs' potential to bridge precision medicine and global health equity. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in cryoMNs and discusses the potential challenges and future directions for the development of cryoMNs-mediated biotherapeutics delivery.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 8","pages":"2500009"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Astrocyte Lipid Droplet Dynamics Orchestrate Neurological Disorders and Therapeutic Horizons. 星形胶质细胞脂滴动力学协调神经疾病和治疗视野。

IF 8.3

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-06-08 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202500152

Jiani Zhong, Yanyi Peng, Lingyue Zhang, Bo Xiao, Mengqi Zhang

{"title":"Astrocyte Lipid Droplet Dynamics Orchestrate Neurological Disorders and Therapeutic Horizons.","authors":"Jiani Zhong, Yanyi Peng, Lingyue Zhang, Bo Xiao, Mengqi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202500152","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202500152","url":null,"abstract":"Astrocytes, the predominant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play a pivotal role in maintaining neuronal homeostasis and function. Accumulating evidence suggests that astrocytic dysfunction is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic stroke (IS), epilepsy, and glioma. Lipid droplets (LDs), ubiquitous intracellular lipid storage organelles, exhibit metabolic abnormalities that are commonly observed in these neurological conditions, particularly in astrocytes, where LD metabolic dysregulation may serve as a critical link between glial dysfunction and neuronal damage. However, a systematic understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing LD metabolism in astrocytes and their relationship to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases remains elusive. This article reviews the biology and pathology of astrocytes and summarizes the characteristics, regulatory factors, and abnormalities of LD metabolism in astrocytes, highlighting its association with neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, and glioma. Finally, we propose future research directions, emphasizing the need for integrative multiomics approaches and innovative regulatory technologies to elucidate the role of astrocytic LD metabolism in neurological disorders. Understanding the dysregulation of LD metabolism in astrocytes may provide novel insights into disease etiology and facilitate the development of glial-targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 9","pages":"2500152"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recoil Cavity Formation and Collapse for Drop Impact on Sieves. 落锤冲击筛网时的反冲空腔形成与坍塌。

IF 11.1

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-06-06 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202400586

Chandantaru Dey Modak, Prosenjit Sen

{"title":"Recoil Cavity Formation and Collapse for Drop Impact on Sieves.","authors":"Chandantaru Dey Modak, Prosenjit Sen","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400586","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202400586","url":null,"abstract":"The principle underpinning most printing technologies rely on is the formation and subsequent collapse of cavities to generate high-speed jets or droplets. Traditional methods, such as the Worthington jet or bubble-based cavity, utilize the collapse mechanism to give rise to a high-speed liquid jet. In contrast to known cavity collapse processes, a distinct phenomenon occurring during droplet impact on a superhydrophobic sieve is reported. Herein, the collapse of the impact cavity causes an air jet to rise through the sieve pore to form a \"recoil cavity.\" Subsequently, the recoil cavity collapses to eject a jet (droplets). The notable discovery is the emergence of the recoil cavity as a result of the impact cavity's collapse, which has been absent on any other surfaces. The present research explores the underlying mechanism and develops a model of the phenomenon. It is found that the process follows the principle of energy conservation, with a threshold energy flux ratio between impact and recoil driving the ejection of a single drop. These findings provide valuable insights for understanding drop impact printing techniques, which can be applied across various fields, including electronics, biology, and structural printing.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 7","pages":"2400586"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MXene-Integrated Contact Lens: A Breakthrough in Wearable Eye Protection and Healthcare. mxene集成隐形眼镜：可穿戴式护眼和医疗保健的突破。

IF 11.1

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-06-03 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202400628

Lunjie Hu, Saman Azhari, Hanzhe Zhang, Yuki Matsunaga, Jun Hirotani, Atsushige Ashimori, Kazuhiro Kimura, Takeo Miyake

{"title":"MXene-Integrated Contact Lens: A Breakthrough in Wearable Eye Protection and Healthcare.","authors":"Lunjie Hu, Saman Azhari, Hanzhe Zhang, Yuki Matsunaga, Jun Hirotani, Atsushige Ashimori, Kazuhiro Kimura, Takeo Miyake","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400628","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202400628","url":null,"abstract":"Smart contact lenses with electronic circuits are rapidly advancing for health monitoring and sensing applications, but concerns over electromagnetic (EM) radiation exposure remain. As these devices are near commercialization, protecting the eyes from such radiation is crucial. MXenes (M n+1X n T x , where M is a transition metal, X is carbon and/or nitrogen, and T x denotes the functional groups [e.g., -OH, -F, =O, etc.]), a class of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides, offer exceptional properties such as high conductivity, biocompatibility, and strong EM shielding, making them ideal for preventing radiation-induced eye diseases like cataracts. Herein, an MXene-coated contact lens platform that effectively reduces EM radiation exposure while maintaining over 80% visible light transmission, 90% cell viability, and robust shielding capabilities is presented. This approach achieves stable integration of MXene nanosheets on soft contact lenses and mitigates their oxidation degradation. The lens also enhances dehydration protection and demonstrates safety by showing no signs of inflammation or adverse effects in rabbit eyes. These findings highlight MXene-coated contact lenses as a promising solution for next-generation wearable technologies and healthcare applications.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 7","pages":"2400628"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polydopamine-Coated Selenium Nanoparticles as a Stable Catalyst for Tunable and Sustained Nitric Oxide Generation. 聚多巴胺包被硒纳米粒子作为可调和持续生成一氧化氮的稳定催化剂。

IF 8.3

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202500151

Shu Geng, Qingqing Fan, Kang Lin, Federico Mazur, Rona Chandrawati

{"title":"Polydopamine-Coated Selenium Nanoparticles as a Stable Catalyst for Tunable and Sustained Nitric Oxide Generation.","authors":"Shu Geng, Qingqing Fan, Kang Lin, Federico Mazur, Rona Chandrawati","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202500151","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202500151","url":null,"abstract":"Nitric oxide (NO) is a therapeutic gas molecule involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. However, its clinical application is limited by its short half-life and limited diffusion distance in human tissues, necessitating the development of effective NO delivery strategies. In situ NO generation via catalytic decomposition of endogenous NO donors has emerged as a promising approach. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have demonstrated high catalytic efficiency for NO generation with low cytotoxicity, but their performance is hindered by poor stability under physiological conditions and pH-dependent activity. To address these limitations, in this study, selenium-polydopamine core-shell nanoparticles (Se@PDA NPs) are developed to improve catalytic stability and mitigate pH sensitivity. The PDA coating enables consistent NO delivery across a broad pH range (5.5-8.5), expanding their therapeutic potential. NO generation is tunable by varying the PDA coating thickness, and the nanoparticles exhibit excellent biocompatibility and enhanced cellular uptake. In human coronary artery smooth muscle cells, Se@PDA NPs catalyze intracellular NO generation from endogenous S-nitrosothiols and promote the formation of multicellular aggregates, indicating potential activation of intercellular communication. The Se@PDA NPs maintain sustained NO generation over five doses and remain active for at least two months, demonstrating strong potential for NO-based therapies.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 8","pages":"2500151"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Rapid Assessment Approach for Skin Stratum-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Spatial Clustering. 使用质谱成像和空间聚类的皮肤层靶向药物递送系统的快速评估方法。

IF 8.3

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-06-01 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202500061

Ravit Yakobi Arancibia, Einav Bentov-Arava, Anna Morshin, Jhonathan Elia, Hiba Natsheh, Yael Levi-Kalisman, Rotem Ushki, Anna Elia, Elka Touitou, Katherine Margulis

{"title":"A Rapid Assessment Approach for Skin Stratum-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Spatial Clustering.","authors":"Ravit Yakobi Arancibia, Einav Bentov-Arava, Anna Morshin, Jhonathan Elia, Hiba Natsheh, Yael Levi-Kalisman, Rotem Ushki, Anna Elia, Elka Touitou, Katherine Margulis","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202500061","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202500061","url":null,"abstract":"A novel mass spectrometry imaging (MSI)-based concept that enables rapid visualization and evaluation of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) distribution across skin layers following dermal delivery is presented. This approach integrates desorption electrospray ionization MSI with a newly developed automated computational tool (access provided) that efficiently processes MSI data, isolates skin tissue signals from background interference, and segments the tissue into precise layers. The tool facilitates detailed and rapid assessment of API localization within skin strata in under 10 min per skin specimen. To validate this method, three nanoscale dermal drug delivery systems (DDSs) for the antifungal terbinafine that target distinct skin strata-ethosomes, transethosomes, and microemulsion-are designed and characterized. API permeation in human and porcine skin is evaluated using both manual and automated workflows. The integrated approach demonstrates superior accuracy in skin distribution analysis, a substantial reduction in processing time, and improved efficiency in signal-tissue overlay. Comparative analysis of the DDSs reveals marked differences in drug permeation depth and localization, with transethosomes showing the highest potential for deeper dermal delivery. This method not only provides a powerful tool for DDS evaluation but also enables detailed kinetic studies, offering insights into drug permeation dynamics.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 8","pages":"2500061"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Droplet Splashing on Biological and Medical Materials Relevant to Clinical Settings. 液滴飞溅对与临床环境相关的生物和医疗材料的影响。

IF 8.3

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-05-30 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202400239

Mohammad Hadi Esteki, Ian Eames, Emad Moeendarbary

{"title":"Impact of Droplet Splashing on Biological and Medical Materials Relevant to Clinical Settings.","authors":"Mohammad Hadi Esteki, Ian Eames, Emad Moeendarbary","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400239","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202400239","url":null,"abstract":"Despite numerous studies of droplet impact onto substrates, the splashing dynamics of droplets on biological material surfaces and its implications for infection transmission have rarely been studied. It is hypothesized that the splashing mechanism is influenced by the droplet size, the impact velocity, and the substrate wettability and morphology. The transmission of contamination from initial droplets or liquid films to biofilms upon impact is experimentally investigated. Splashing mechanisms involving biological droplets (e.g., water, urine, blood, and saliva) on a range of biological substrates (e.g., bone, meat, eye, skin, hair, nail, and tooth) and medical surfaces across a range of droplet velocities are comparatively analyzed. The study demonstrates that contaminants located in either an initial droplet or a liquid biofilm can be transmitted by splashing when the droplet impacts onto the biofilm. The Weber number, a descriptor of secondary droplet splashing, expressed as a function of the surface roughness (R a) is considered. For a droplet of radius R, the prominence of the surface curvature (R a /R) is highlighted through comprehensive experimentation, underscoring the importance of using tailored surface materials within clinical environments.Developing advanced biomaterials and designs can thus help reduce droplet splashing and promote safer medical procedures.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 8","pages":"2400239"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Robust β-Sheet Peptide Reinforced Polymer Fibers. 坚固的β-片肽增强聚合物纤维。

IF 8.3

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-05-26 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202500115

Nicholas J Chan, Sarah Lentz, Paul A Gurr, Shereen Tan, Mona Schultebeyring, Sabine Rosenfeldt, Anna Schenk, Thomas Scheibel, Greg G Qiao

引用次数: 0

Exploring Morphology of Thermoplasmonic Nanoparticles to Synergize Immunotherapeutic Fibroblast Activation Protein-Positive Cell Sensitization and Photothermal Therapy. 探索热等离子体纳米颗粒形态协同免疫治疗成纤维细胞活化蛋白阳性细胞敏化和光热治疗。

IF 8.3

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-05-26 eCollection Date: 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202500099

Ahmed Alsadig, Xuan Peng, Hugo Boutier, Liliana R Loureiro, Anja Feldmann, René Hübner, Humberto Cabrera, Manja Kubeil, Michael Bachmann, Larysa Baraban

{"title":"Exploring Morphology of Thermoplasmonic Nanoparticles to Synergize Immunotherapeutic Fibroblast Activation Protein-Positive Cell Sensitization and Photothermal Therapy.","authors":"Ahmed Alsadig, Xuan Peng, Hugo Boutier, Liliana R Loureiro, Anja Feldmann, René Hübner, Humberto Cabrera, Manja Kubeil, Michael Bachmann, Larysa Baraban","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202500099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202500099","url":null,"abstract":"The precision of photothermal therapy (PTT) is often hindered by the challenge of achieving selective delivery of thermoplasmonic nanostructures to tumors. Active targeting, which leverages synthetic molecular complexes to address receptors overexpressed by malignant cells, enables such specificity and facilitates the combination of the PTT with other anticancer therapies. In this study, we developed thermoplasmonic nanoconjugates consisting of (i) 20 nm spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) or gold nanostars (AuNSs) as nanocarriers, and (ii) surface-passivated antibody-based fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeting modules, used in adaptive chimeric antigen receptor T-cells immunotherapy. The nanoconjugates demonstrated excellent stability and specific binding to FAP-expressing fibrosarcoma HT1080 genetically modified to express human FAP, as confirmed by fluorescence activated cell sorting, immunofluorescence, and surface plasmon resonance scattering imaging. Moreover, the nanocarriers showed significant photothermal conversion after visible and near-infrared irradiation. Quantitative thermal lens spectroscopy demonstrated the superior photothermal capability of AuNSs, achieving up to 1.5-fold greater thermal enhancement than AuNPs under identical conditions. This synergistic approach, combining targeted immunotherapy with the thermoplasmonic nanocarriers, not only streamlines nanoparticle delivery, increasing photothermal yield and therapeutic efficacy but also offers a comprehensive and potent strategy for cancer treatment with the potential for superior outcomes across multiple modalities.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 8","pages":"2500099"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-Time and Site-Specific Perturbation of Dynamic Subcellular Compartments Using Femtosecond Pulses. 利用飞秒脉冲对动态亚细胞室进行实时和定点扰动。

IF 11.1

Small Science Pub Date : 2025-05-22 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202500166

Seohee Ma, Bin Dong, Matthew G Clark, R Michael Everly, Shivam Mahapatra, Chi Zhang

{"title":"Real-Time and Site-Specific Perturbation of Dynamic Subcellular Compartments Using Femtosecond Pulses.","authors":"Seohee Ma, Bin Dong, Matthew G Clark, R Michael Everly, Shivam Mahapatra, Chi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202500166","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smsc.202500166","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding laser interactions with subcellular compartments is crucial for advancing optical microscopy, phototherapy, and optogenetics. While continuous-wave lasers rely on linear absorption, femtosecond (fs) lasers enable nonlinear multiphoton absorption confined to the laser focus, offering high axial precision. However, current fs laser delivery methods lack the ability to target dynamic molecular entities and automate target selection, making them incapable of performing real-time perturbation of mobile or complexly distributed biomolecules. Additionally, existing technologies separate fs pulse delivery and imaging, preventing simultaneous recording of cellular responses. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces fs real-time precision opto-control (fs-RPOC), which integrates a laser scanning microscope with a closed-loop feedback mechanism for automated, chemically selective subcellular perturbation. Fs-RPOC achieves superior spatial precision and fast response time, enabling single- and sub-organelle microsurgery of dynamic targets and localized molecular modulation. By applying a pulse-picking method, fs-RPOC independently controls laser average and peak power at any desired subcellular compartment. Targeting mitochondria, fs-RPOC reveals site-specific molecular responses resulting from fs-laser-induced reactive oxygen species formation, H2O2 diffusion, and low-density plasma generation. These findings offer new insights into fs laser interactions with subcellular compartments and demonstrate fs-RPOC's potential for precise molecular and organelle regulation.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"5 7","pages":"2500166"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12257886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0