Research Journal of Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Determinants of quality of life of patients with uncomplicated diabetes mellitus attending endocrinology clinic, UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State","authors":"O. O. Afolalu, O.D. Akinwale, S. O. Makinde, S. G. Olawale, R. O. Folami, B.T. Akinbowale, A. Kamoru, J.I. Orunmuyi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that poses significant problems to individuals living with it. The emotional anguish and psychological impact of DM on patients' quality of life (QoL) contribute to poor prognosis of the condition. Therefore, the goal of this study is to examine how psychological experiences and satisfaction with diabetic care affect patients' QoL.Methods: A descriptive research survey conducted among one hundred and ten (110) diabetes patients attending the UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital's endocrinology clinic in Osun State, Nigeria between June and December, 2020. Modified Kessler psychological distress scale and World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequencies, percentages and tables, while inferential statistics of chi-square was used to test the stated hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance.Results: The results showed that more than three-fourth of the patients had negative social 83(75.5%) and psychological 79 (71.8%) experiences with diabetic care, though majority 68(61.8%) demonstrated good quality of life. The result also showed a positive relationship between psychological experience and quality of life (x2=9.766; df=1; p-value=0.001) as well as social experiences and quality of life (x2=4.576; df=1; p-value=0.032). More so, socio-demographic characteristics of age, gender, marital status, level of education, occupation and income were significantly associated with quality of life of diabetes patients.Conclusion: Overall quality of life of diabetes patients was observed to be good, although majority of diabetes patient had negative social and psychological experiences. Therefore, efforts to improve diabetic care must be intensified in clinical settings to promote good health outcomes and prevent negative social and psychological impact of diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45228176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrocardiographic features in children with severe falciparum malaria at the University College Hospital, Ibadan.","authors":"B F Akinkunmi, O O Ogunkunle, F O Akinbami, A E Orimadegun","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i3.4","DOIUrl":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i3.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The high burden of Malaria morbidity and mortality in children is due to its potential to cause multi-organ dysfunction. There is however limited information on the specific electrocardiographic features in falciparum malaria in paediatric age group.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the electrocardiographic (ECG) features in children with (complicated) severe <i>falciparum</i> malaria (SM) and acute uncomplicated malaria (AUM) at the University College Hospital, Ibadan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among 398 children with symptomatic and confirmed Plasmodium falciparum malaria and apparently healthy controls. The frequencies of ECG features were described and compared among these children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ECG abnormality was 79.7% and 63.2% in Severe Malaria SM and Acute uncomplicated malaria AUM patients, respectively. Sinus tachycardia was significantly more frequent in SM than AUM and control groups (p <0.001). The risk of an ECG abnormality was about three times higher in SM than healthy children (p<0.001; OR=2.89;95%CI[1.68,4.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Severe malaria patients had significant ECG abnormalities (Sinus Tachycardia).</p>","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/22/76/nihms-1841538.PMC9581379.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40660837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Municipal solid waste management practices in inner cities of Osogbo, Osun State and its implications on health","authors":"T. Bello, T. Kolawole, F.A Jesuleye, E.O Ogunola, M. Oyebode, O. Abraham, R. Olaniyi, I. Bamigbayan","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Indiscriminate waste disposal is a common practice in many cities of Sub-Saharan Africa and these unhealthy practices have made the region face severe environmental deterioration and health implications. The objective of this study is to assess the association between waste management practices and self-reported health outcomes among inner city dwellers in Osogbo.Method: The study is a cross sectional study carried out among 351 household heads using a semistructured interviewer administered questionnaire.Results: Majority (78.6%) of respondents had poor practice of waste management although, most showed concern on likely impacts of poor waste management. Most of them (81.8%) demonstrated positive attitude towards waste management and were willing to participate in organized waste management at low cost. Gender (X2 =7.217, P<0.05), income (X 2=12.140, P<0.05), occupation (X 2=29.034, P<0.05) and level of education were significantly associated with their poor waste management practices. Majority (74%) reported at least one ill health condition, practice and attitude were the major variables implicated in various ill health reported by the respondents.Conclusion: Poor waste management practices are strongly associated with ill health. \u0000Keywords: Solid Waste, Management, Self-reported health outcomes, Practices.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45623763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal motility and Intestinal structure following oral exposure to acrylamide in Wistar rats","authors":"A. Ige, O. Ayoola, E. Oladejo, B. Adele, O. Ola, E. Adewoye","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acrylamide, a byproduct of the cooking process, has been reported to be a toxicant with likely carcinogenic properties. Its impairment of gastric function has been previously reported. In this study its effects on gastrointestinal motility and intestinal structure was investigated in male Wistar rats.Methods: Forty-five rats (120-180g) were divided into 3 equal groups (n=15) and treated p.o with either 0.2ml distilled-water, or acrylamide (7.5mg/kg and 15mg/kg respectively) for 28days. Thereafter, gastric emptying and intestinal motility was assessed. Intestinal structure (duodenum, jejunum and ileum), mucosal and intestinal cell counts were evaluated using histological techniques.Results: Gastric emptying and intestinal transit time increased (p<0.05) in the experimental (acrylamidetreated; 7.5mg/kg and 15mg/kg) groups compared to control. Mucosal cell counts (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and ileum intestinal cell counts (p<0.05) were reduced in the experimental groups compared to control. Compared to control, duodenal samples of the experimental groups showed severe coagulative necrosis and sloughing off of the villi, luminal filling with necrotic debris, disruption and necrosis of the crypts of Lieberkühn, moderate polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and vascular congestion. These pathologies albeit with less severity were also observed in the jejunum and ileum of acrylamide treated groups.Conclusion: Increased oral exposure to acrylamide impairs gastric emptying, intestinal motility, mucus secretion and compromises digestive and absorptive functions of the small intestines, especially the duodenum. These observations may be ascribed to acrylamide-induced impaired neuronal signaling, autonomic neuropathy, oxidative stress, inflammation and cell necrosis. \u0000Keywords: Acrylamide, gastrointestinal tract, gastric emptying, intestinal motility, small intestines","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44569155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between resilience, depression, stress and anxiety among nurses in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.","authors":"O. Olabisi, T. Taiwo Dosumu, Z. O. Oyewumi, J. Adegoke, N.O. Oladotun, E. Aremu","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study determines the relationship between resilience, depression, stress and anxiety among professional nurses who are frontline workers.Methodology: The study was conducted among nurses working in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) Ikeja, Lagos State. The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale and Depression, Anxiety and Stress questionnaire administered to 360 nurses. Simple frequency, mean, standard deviation and Pearson correlation were used for the analysis.Results: The majority (90%) of the respondents was female and about two thirds of them were married. Overall summarized scores for the level of anxiety, depression and stress were 46.6%, 38.5% and 37.7% respectively. Resilience had statistically significant positive correlation with years of experience (r=0.160, p=0.002); negatively significant with stress (r = -0.281, p< 0.001) and negatively significant with anxiety (r = -0.210, p < 0.001). Depression was negatively significant with years of experience (r = - 0.132, p = 0.013) while stress was positively significant with depression (r = 0.764, p< 0.001) and anxiety (r = 0.751, p < 0.001).Conclusion: There is a need to organize programmes that will improve the resilience of professional nurses should be organized to reduce the effects of stress, anxiety and depression among nurses. \u0000Keywords: Resilience, Nurses, depression, stress, anxiety","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45596279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary embolism in the COVID-19 pandemic era: Importance of bedside electrocardiography, echocardiography and use of Tenecteplase.","authors":"O. F. Nwako, C.A. Nwako, C. Nwako, A. B. Nwako","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary embolism is a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs. Globally, it is the third most frequent acute cardiovascular syndrome behind myocardial infarction and stroke. This is a 43-yearold Nigerian diabetic man who had liposuction three weeks before presenting with sudden onset breathlessness, productive cough, chest pain, fever, inability to complete a sentence and inability to carry out his normal daily activities during this coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. He was tachypneic, tachycardic, hypotensive with rapidly dropping oxygen saturation (84%-86%, 80%-84%). This presented a diagnostic challenge which was rapidly resolved with bedside electrocardiography and echocardiography. A diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was sustained. Subsequent SARS-COV-2 PCRbased test was negative. He was successfully managed with an antithrombotic agent, tenecteplase, without any adverse events. \u0000Keywords: COVID-19, pulmonary embolism, tenecteplase, electrocardiography, echocardiography","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46245154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of antibiotic resistance genes among multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical sources in selected health institutions in Kwara State.","authors":"O. Adekunle, A. Mustapha, G. Odewale, R. Ojedele","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a frequent nosocomial pathogen that causes severe diseases in many clinical and community settings. The objectives were to investigate the occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistant P. aeruginosa strains among clinical samples and to detect the presence of antibiotic resistance genes in the DNA molecules of the strains.Methods: Clinical specimens were collected aseptically from various human anatomical sites in five selected health institutions within Kwara State, Nigeria. Multiple drug resistance patterns of isolated micro-organisms to different antibiotics were determined using the Bauer Kirby disc diffusion technique. The DNA samples of the multiple resistant P. aeruginosa strains were extracted and subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for resistance gene determination.Results: A total of 145 isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa from the clinical samples. Absolute resistance to ceftazidime, gentamicin and ceftriaxone was observed while low resistance to ciprofloxacin, piperacillin and imipenem was documented. The prevalence of bla VIM , ,bla CTX-M and blaTEM were 34.4 %, 46.7 % and 16.7 % respectively.Conclusion: This study has shown that there is a high occurrence of metallo â-lactamase- producing and antibiotic-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa in clinical specimens from the studied area. \u0000Keywords: Metallo â-lactamase enzyme, P. aeruginosa, clinical samples, antibiotic-resistance genes","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44858180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An appraisal of pattern and presentation of gynaecological malignancies in Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Nigeria","authors":"O. Ogunlaja, S. Akinola, Y. Bakare, A. Adeniran, I. Ogunlaja, A. Olasinde, F. Adetoye, D. Bowale, O. Kasali, I. Oladeji, T.J Oyedele, B.T Salawu","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gynaecological malignancies are cancers that occur in or on a woman's reproductive organs and genitals which includes the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The prevalence of gynaecological malignancies varies from one country to another. The factors responsible for the observed variance includes lifestyle, dietary pattern, level of education and the sophistication of health care system. This study aims to identify the pattern and clinical presentations of gynaecological malignancies at Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso over a five-year period.Methods: This was a retrospective study involving one hundred and twenty-three (123) patients with a histological diagnosis of gynecological malignancy.Results: Patients with gynaecological malignancies accounted for 3.6% of the patients seen in the period under review. Majority of these patients were multiparous and between the age range of 50 and 69 years. The commonest form of gynaecological malignancy seen was cervical cancer.Conclusion: Health care programs and policies that strengthen public awareness campaigns, health education and health promotion like human papilloma virus vaccination and follow up surveillance will help to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with gynaecological malignancies. \u0000Keywords: appraisal, pattern, presentation, gynaecological malignancies","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41748212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Truth-telling and patients' diagnoses in optometric practice in Nigeria","authors":"J. Ebeigbe, C. Oni","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The doctor-patient relationship is crucial to health care services including eye care. Telling the truth is an important aspect of this relationship in ensuring safe and effective treatment and management of patients.Method: A qualitative study using one - on- one in- depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs). Forty four respondents comprising 10 eye care practitioners (ECPs) and 34 patients were recruited. The ECPs were between 32 to 51 years while the patients were between 18 and 50 years old.Results: Common lies told were mainly about age, onset or duration of condition, medications used prior to their visit to the doctor's and level of compliance to doctor's prescription. Others were about health status, history of self-medication and social habits like smoking and/or drinking. Reasons for telling some of these lies included fear of early retirement, fear of being judged or stigmatized, lack of privacy during clerking and embarrassment from being caught in a previous lie.Conclusion: Untruths and manipulation of information can damage the relationship between doctor and patient because it leads to distrust and this can compromise eye care. \u0000Keywords: Truth, doctor- patient, relationship, diagnoses","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48183229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotine exacerbates reproductive biomarkers via generation of free radicals in female Wistar rats: Protective role of Quercetin","authors":"D. Ola, D. Adeyemi, O. Obembe, A.A. Ogooluwa, M.O. Ladele, S.T. Owonikoko, R. Olowu, I. Oyeyipo","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v9i4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v9i4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nicotine has been widely reported to generate free radicals in several organs of the body. Therefore, this study investigated the ameliorative potentials of Quercetin on selected reproductive biomarkers in female Wistar rats.Methods: Forty female rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8) which were treated as follows: Group I (CN) received normal saline (1 ml/kg bwt); Group II (LN) received nicotine (0.5 mg/kg bwt) only; Group III (HN) received nicotine (1.0 mg/kg bwt) only; however, Groups IV (LNA) and V (HNA) received 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg of nicotine with 20 mg/kg of quercetin respectively. All administration were done orally and lasted 28 days. Results: Nicotine significant reduction in the bioavailability of estrogen and progesterone in the treated rats when compared to control. Furthermore, relative to the control group, nicotine administration resulted in significant elevation in MDAand consequently caused significant reduction in the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) activities. However, quercetin treatment ameliorated these alterations. Conclusion: Quercetin dampens the reproductive distruptive effects exerted by nicotine through anti-oxidative mechanism in female Wistar rats.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42594912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}