{"title":"From the Crime of Abortion to the Crime of Expressing Opposition to Abortion: Abortion Law in the UK","authors":"D. Jones","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Abortion law in the United Kingdom is different in England and Wales; Scotland; and Northern Ireland. In all three jurisdictions abortion was a common law offence. In England, Wales, and Ireland it became a statutory offence. The Abortion Act 1967 extended a medical exception to that offence for England, Wales and Scotland. In Northern Ireland abortion remained illegal until 2020. There are moves to ‘decriminalise’ abortion in England, Wales, and Scotland, and increasingly to criminalise expressions of opposition to abortion. It is becoming a criminal offence even to pray silently in the vicinity of an abortion clinic.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130764165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Überblick zur Abtreibungssituation in Portugal","authors":"Inês Fernandes Godinho","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In diesem Bericht wird unter anderem anhand von Dokumenten des Nationalen Ethikrates für Lebenswissenschaften und einschlägigen statistischen Daten ein Portrait des Schwangerschaftsabbruchs in Portugal unter Berücksichtigung der gegenwärtig geltenden gesetzlichen Regelungen gezeichnet.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114728940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abortion in India – an Overview","authors":"Mathew Illathuparampil","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper makes an overview of the abortion status in India from social, legal and ethical perspectives. From the social perspective, it considers the figures and the reasons for abortion prevalence. From the legal perspective, it briefly examines the legal framework within which abortions are performed in India. From the ethical perspective, it refers to the limited range of ethical debates on abortion in the country. This overview reveals that ethical considerations on abortion in India are done exclusively from the angle of the rights of women – rights of autonomy, health care, and safe abortion – not from the angle of the rights of the fetus.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129904592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"One Culture, Two Legal Regimes: Abortion in China and Taiwan","authors":"Wenmay Rei","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230025","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 China and Taiwan share the same traditional culture that prefers son over daughter, and both of their sex ratios at birth exceeds the natural ratio. Studies believe that this is mainly the result of induced abortion and prenatal sex-identification techniques. However, China and Taiwan actually have very different legal regime when regulating abortion. Abortion is legal in China but is a crime in Taiwan. Yet, free from China’s one-child policy women’s reproductive freedom and fetus life are better protected in Taiwan. This country report introduces their different legal regime on abortion and explains how it affects women’s right and fetus’ life.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129276353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sterben dürfen im Krankenhaus. Paradoxien eines ärztlichen Postulats in der Behandlung Schwerstkranker, written by Bezhadi, A.","authors":"S. Sahm","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123575693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lebensschutz durch soziale Kommunikation – Anspruch und Scheitern eines Konzepts","authors":"C. Hillgruber","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Die geltende Regelung des Schwangerschaftsabbruchs zielt auf einen Schutz des ungeborenen Lebens durch soziale Kommunikation. Die für einen Erfolg dieses Konzepts erforderlichen Rahmenbedingungen sind indes nicht erfüllt. Die Abschaffung des strafbewehrten Werbeverbots für Schwangerschaftsabbrüche (§ 219a StGB) hat sie weiter erodieren lassen. Nun soll die strafbewehrte Beratungspflicht ganz fallen. Das anspruchsvolle Konzept ist gescheitert.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116731796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abortion in Italy: Bioethical Discussion on the Law","authors":"L. Palazzani","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The law on voluntary interruption of pregnancy in Italy legitimizes abortion only in circumstances that pose a serious danger to the physical and mental health of the woman or specific socioeconomic circumstances. The request for abortion must be motivated by and the socio-health structure has the task of helping to remove the causes, promoting support. Conscientious objection by the doctor is envisaged. Today the political and social discussion is wide: few are those who demand the abolition of the law; many defenders of life limit themselves to asking for it to be properly applied.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"13 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120845093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Krieg und medizinische Versorgung – ein medizinhistorischer Überblick","authors":"M. Wahl","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Die Weiterentwicklungen von Krieg und Waffen stellen auch immer neue Herausforderungen an die Medizin. In diesem Artikel werden die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Krieg und medizinische Versorgung und Forschung skizzenhaft anhand von verschiedenen Beispielen aufgezeigt. Dabei ist die These, dass Krieg generell als Gefahr für den medizinischen Fortschritt angesehen werden muss, da aufgrund der Fokussierung auf kriegswichtige Bereiche immer andere Aspekte, die der Allgemeinheit zugutekommen könnten, vernachlässigt werden. Damit ist der Krieg kein guter Lehrmeister der Medizin, auch wenn manche Entwicklungen, wie die Massenproduktion des Penicillins während des Zweiten Weltkriegs, beschleunigt wurden.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133989551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Helft euch selbst, sonst hilft euch keiner: Welternährungskrise und Krieg gegen die Ukraine","authors":"Stig Tanzmann","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Der Angriff Russlands auf die Ukraine und seine Folgen für das Welternährungssystem haben die Hungerthematik sprichwörtlich mit aller Gewalt zurück ins Zentrum der politischen und medialen Aufmerksamkeit gebracht. Endlich wird darüber berichtet, dass rund 828 Millionen Menschen hungern und dass eine Welt ohne Hunger in immer weitere Ferne rückt und die Ziele der Agenda 2030 nicht mehr zu erreichen sind. Doch in der Analyse der Hungerlage konzentrieren sich Politik und Medien allzu häufig allein auf den Krieg und seine Folgen.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116468061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kriegerische Konflikte als Herausforderung für das völkerrechtliche Menschenrecht auf Gesundheit","authors":"A. K. Weilert","doi":"10.30965/29498570-20230007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30965/29498570-20230007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aufgrund der besonderen Gefahr, die von kriegerischen Konflikten für die Gesundheit der unter dem Krieg leidenden Menschen ausgeht, widmet sich das in Kriegszeiten geltende humanitäre Völkerrecht eingehend dem Schutz der Zivilbevölkerung und Nichtkombattanten. Auch gegenüber Kombattanten, die nach geltendem Kriegsrecht zwar zulässigerweise angegriffen und sogar getötet werden dürfen, begrenzt das humanitäre Völkerrecht das Verletzungspotential durch ein Übermaßverbot. Damit ist das durch das humanitäre Völkerrecht ausgestaltete Recht auf Gesundheit weitaus differenzierter, als dies für das „friedensvölkerrechtlich“ geltende Menschenrecht auf Gesundheit gilt. Bei bewaffneten Konflikten ist das Problem der Gesundheitsversorgung nicht in erster Linie eine Frage des Fehlens internationaler gesetzlicher Regelungen, sondern von deren Missachtung.","PeriodicalId":288000,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125559991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}