Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing最新文献

{"title":"Continuous carbon fibre reinforced 3D-printed composites: impact damage and compression after impact (CAI) performance","authors":"Ozan Can Zehni ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Xu ,&nbsp;Tristan Lowe ,&nbsp;Eddie Whitehouse ,&nbsp;Akın Ataş","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate the impact behaviour and Compression After Impact (CAI) performance of 3D-printed continuous carbon fibre-reinforced Onyx matrix composites with unidirectional (UD) and cross-ply (CP) layups. Improving the impact damage resistance and tolerance of these composites requires a comprehensive understanding of the internal damage mechanisms. To address this, X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is used to gain novel insights of the internal damage following low-velocity impact events. Specimens were printed using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technique using a Markforged® Mark Two desktop printer. Impact testing was performed using an Instron Ceast 9350 drop-weight impact machine. The Boeing CAI fixture was employed for the CAI testing with an anti-buckling guide to prevent buckling and maintain specimen stability. The X-ray CT scanning was conducted using a Nikon Xtek high flux bay.</div><div>X-ray CT scans identified delamination as the predominant damage mechanism in all configurations, with the cross-ply layups experiencing more extensive damage. The extent of damage in the UD ([Onyx₄/0°₈/Onyx₄]) and CP1 ([Onyx₄/90°₂/0°₄/90°₂/Onyx₄]) specimens was greater in the lower layers, away from the impacted surface. In the CP2 specimens ([Onyx₄/0°₂/90°₄/0°₂/Onyx₄]), however, greater delamination was observed closer to the impacted surface. This difference was due to the relatively higher bending stiffness, as the CP2 specimens have 0° layers positioned closer to the top and bottom surfaces. The CAI tests revealed a reduction in strength of impacted specimens compared to non-impacted ones, with decreases of 6 % for UD, 13 % for CP1, and 20 % for CP2, while delamination led to similar CAI strength values between impacted CP1 and CP2 configurations. The findings underscore the significance of stacking sequence in determining the impact performance of 3D-printed composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109097"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropy effects in micro-hole drilling of 2.5D-Cf/SiC composites: Insights from nanoindentation and drilling experiments","authors":"Haotian Yang,&nbsp;Guolong Zhao,&nbsp;Zhiwen Nian,&nbsp;Li Zhu,&nbsp;Qixun Wu,&nbsp;Liang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (C_f/SiCs) are widely used in aerospace applications such as thermal protection systems, nozzle linings, and micro-channel cooling structures due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and thermal stability. However, their anisotropy and hardness complicated micro-hole drilling, and detailed studies on tool wear initiation and failure mechanisms across various diameters are scarce. A novel method to assess drilling stability by integrating regional material hardness and cutting-edge contact length is proposed, and the influence of drill diameter on tool wear, drilling forces, and hole quality is investigated. Nanoindentation results confirm that the silicon carbide (SiC) exhibits the highest hardness, followed by perpendicular fibers, 45° fibers, and transverse fibers. Drilling force measurements reveal that thrust force and radial force increase with increased drill diameter. As the machined hole diameter increases, the exit damage factor increases, while the entrance roundness error decreases. With increasing drill diameter, the hole wall surface roughness first decreases and then rises. Furthermore, smaller diameter holes are prone to neck fractures and failures at the braze joint under bending and torsional stresses. In contrast, larger diameter drills with higher stiffness mainly exhibit edge chipping and abrasive wear. In addition, tool wear rate increases with drill diameter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109066"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stiffened cellulose sandwich composites","authors":"Nesrine Battoul Debabèche ,&nbsp;Markus Wagner ,&nbsp;Qixiang Jiang ,&nbsp;Florian Feist ,&nbsp;Alexander Bismarck","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pulp fibre foams are a potential alternative to porous polymers; however, their poor mechanical properties limit their application to packaging materials. We utilised the sandwich composite approach to produce panels (370 mm x 300 mm x 20 mm) comprising of pulp fibre foams and kraft liner papers to improve the mechanical properties of such foams. Two types of sandwich structures are produced: foam core sandwich panels and stiffened sandwich composites. The resulting sandwich structures materials have apparent densities ranging from 80 kg/m³ to 161 kg/m³. The mechanical properties are assessed in compression, three-point bending and double lap shear loading conditions. We show that pulp fibre foam sandwich structures possess significantly higher compression and flexural moduli and strengths when compared to pure pulp fibre foams. Stiffening the pulp fibre foam core further by incorporation of kraft liner paper stiffeners results in even higher mechanical, including lap shear, properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109080"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale modeling of elasto-plastic behavior for short fiber composites considering interfaces","authors":"Runtian Zhao ,&nbsp;Haoyu Shi ,&nbsp;Ting Wu ,&nbsp;Zhihui Wang ,&nbsp;Jianglin Liu ,&nbsp;Zhanchun Chen ,&nbsp;Jianguo Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An accurate predictive model for the nonlinear mechanical response of short fiber reinforced composites (SFRCs) is critical for their broader application. Currently, the Orientation Averaging (OA) method offers a balanced choice in terms of efficiency and accuracy. However, its predictions are systematically overestimated due to the neglect of fiber–matrix interfacial effects. This study proposes a nonlinear predictive model framework that incorporates interfacial influences. Building upon the OA framework, the model integrates Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and microdroplet debonding tests to obtain fiber–matrix interfacial properties and introduces a cohesive zone model to account for interfacial mechanics within the OA framework. The proposed model is applied to predict the compressive nonlinear mechanical behavior of Short Carbon Fiber reinforced PA6 (SCF/PA6) composites, with its accuracy validated through experimental comparisons. Additionally, the reliability and applicability of the MD model are discussed and obtain parameters for the interfacial cohesive zone model of this material system. It is believed that this framework will contribute to the service evaluation and optimized design of short fiber composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109095"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the coefficients of thermal expansion of carbon fibre composite materials using infrared thermography","authors":"R. Ruiz-Iglesias,&nbsp;R. Cappello,&nbsp;O.T. Thomsen,&nbsp;J.M. Dulieu-Barton","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new methodology for estimating the Coefficients of Thermal Expansion (CTEs) of orthotropic carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials is presented. The approach utilises the well-known infra-red (IR) image processing technique of Thermoelastic Stress Analysis (TSA) in combination with Digital Image Correlation (DIC). The technique requires multidirectional laminated CFRP specimens, with the well-characterised IM7/8552 CFRP material system used for demonstration purposes. The stress induced temperature change generated in a material subject to cyclic loading is different for each ply in a multidirectional laminate, causing heat transfer through the thickness of the specimen and subsequent deviation from the adiabatic conditions required for TSA. A 1D analytical model of the heat transfer is fitted to the temperature change extracted from the IR image series captured over a range of loading frequencies. By minimising the difference between experimental data and the model it is possible to identify the two in-plane CTEs for the composite lamina. The model requires a knowledge of the applied strain, which is obtained using the DIC. The new approach is compared to conventional techniques for obtaining the CTEs, i.e. Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) and laser interferometry. It is shown that more consistent and repeatable values for the CTEs can be obtained efficiently using the temperature change resulting from non-adiabatic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109094"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of matrix plastic properties on compressive strength of carbon fiber composites: A combined FEA and experimental study","authors":"Xiwen Gu,&nbsp;Fei Chen,&nbsp;Mushan Yuan,&nbsp;Baowei Qiu,&nbsp;Xinyang Luo,&nbsp;Mei Liang,&nbsp;Yang Chen,&nbsp;Huawei Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite structures in aerospace vehicles (e.g. wings, fuselages) are subjected to complex compressive loads during flight, and insufficient compressive strength may lead to localized buckling or delamination failure, causing catastrophic accidents. The matrix is an important limiting factor for composite compressive strength improvement. This study examines how the plastic properties of epoxy resin matrices affect the compressive strength of unidirectional continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (UD-CFRPs) via combined finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments. The FEA proved that the friction angle (β) of the matrix and the lower yield strength (<span><math><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) point in its compressive constitutive curve were highly correlated with the compressive strength of UD-CFRPs. This is due to the influence of the two parameters on the plastic deformation of the matrix during compression of UD-CFRPs. In addition, the initial misalignment of the fibers will amplify the shear effect of the matrix during compression. Five sets of experiments were designed to verify the conclusions of FEA, in which epoxy monomers with different functionalities and amine curing agents with different stoichiometric ratios were used. The experimental results demonstrated that matrices with higher β and <span><math><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> were more favorable for the preparation of UD-CFRPs with high compressive strength. Eventually, the conclusion of this work provides a strategy to optimize the compressive performance of UD-CFRPs through molecular design and formulation control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109084"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving high-performance in TiBw/TC4 composites via introducing two types of boron sources-BNNSs and LaB6","authors":"Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Hongmei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingwang Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaonan Mu ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiujun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Room-temperature brittleness was still an open issue in powder metallurgy discontinuously reinforced titanium matrix composites (DRTiMCs) which was mainly attributed to the addition of brittle ceramic reinforcements and excessive oxygen (O) content to the titanium matrix. Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) is an idea reinforcement in DRTiMCs due to its two-dimensional structure and excellent mechanical property. The present study employed the LaB₆ and 2D-structured BNNSs as hybrid boron sources to address the strength-ductility trade-off in TiB_w/TC4 (Ti6Al4V) composites. Field-Assisted sintering technique (FAST) in conjunction with hot rolling (HR) was applied to consolidate the composite. The results showed that TC4-based composite exhibited the yield strength of 1339 MPa with fracture elongation of 17.9 % when adding merely 0.1 wt% BNNSs + 0.1 wt% LaB₆ reinforcements, achieving simultaneously enhanced strength (+20 %) and ductility (+38 %) compared with TC4 matrix. In particular, the partial reacted BNNSs provided an obviously crack resistance and damage tolerance capability in composite, while the LaB₆ effectively reduced the concentration of O impurity via <em>in-situ</em> formed La₂O₃ nano-particles. By employing the <em>in-situ</em> SEM experiment, we solve an existing debate, uncovering the synergistic toughening effect from BNNSs and heterogeneous interface which effectively inhibited the micro-cracks propagation. Together they made positive function that account for the high-performance in DRTiMCs. This study paved a pragmatic approach and valuable insights for addressing the strength-ductility synergy in DRTiMCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109096"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanojunction-triggered self-healing coating via inspired “wing membrane-veins” strategy","authors":"Miaomiao Li ,&nbsp;Dening Zou ,&nbsp;Libo Tong ,&nbsp;Xiangjun Li ,&nbsp;Fangxia Ye ,&nbsp;Kuaishe Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving the mobility of 2D fillers in organic coatings is crucial in addressing anticorrosion and self-healing efficiency trade-off, while most previously proposed strategies focusing on polymer interfacial modification restrict enhancement in self-healing. Here, inspired by dragonfly wings, a robust photothermal-triggered intelligent self-healing coating is fabricated, which possess forming a 3D adaptive interpenetrating network structure and possessing the excellent anti-corrosion property. Through bionic design strategy of the soft membranes in polyfluoroacrylate (PTHBU) and rigid veins in polypyrrole-based nanotubes functionalized graphite nitrogen carbide (CPI), has been successfully constructed on the reinforcing steel substrate. Photothermal conversion triggered by CPI heterojunctions can effectively promote polymer chain movement and molecular rearrangement through heat transfer from 3D skeletons, leading to the enhanced self-healing efficiency (92.9 %). Additionally, the designed PTHBU/CPI coating maintains the superior corrosion resistance (<em>i_corr</em> = 6.15 × 10^-11 A·cm^-2, and <em>R_ct</em> = 7.38 × 10⁹ ohm∙cm²) by coupling of the labyrinth effect of the nanoscale CN and the passivation-inhibition effect of the micro-scale PNT-IL. The bionic heterojunction enhancement strategy underscores the great potential as a feasible candidate material for advanced self-healing and long-term anticorrosion protection applied in harsh working conditions such as marine engineering and energy equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109093"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven prediction of mechanical properties of 3D-printed dual-material composites based on deep transfer learning","authors":"Shiyi Xu ,&nbsp;Haoming Yang ,&nbsp;Tianyun Li ,&nbsp;Yao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dual-material composites manufactured by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) techniques are emerging as promising structural materials with superior mechanical properties. It remains challenging to establish the relationship between their complex design parameters and their mechanical properties, which are significantly influenced by structural defects like inter-filament voids induced by additive manufacturing. This work printed dual-material composites from polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) based on a design strategy that designs both the structure within each constituent material and the spatial arrangement of different constituent materials, and explored their mechanical properties obtained from three-point bending tests. Experimental results revealed that PLA-TPU and PLA-ABS composites with appropriate design parameters outperform their single-material counterpart and linear infill pattern with a 70% infill density generally leads to the best bending performance. A deep transfer learning model integrating Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and self-attention mechanisms is developed to predict the bending performance of PLA-TPU composites with high accuracy based on limited sample data. By mapping bending stress–strain behaviors from the source domain (PLA-ABS composite) to the target domain (PLA-TPU composite), the model enables knowledge transfer across different materials. This work establishes a robust framework for predicting mechanical properties of 3D-printed dual-material composites and provides insights into the optimization of their structures and mechanical performances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109083"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a Tb-MOF@PDA composite with synergetic pH-responsive function towards intelligent coatings for corrosion detection and self-healing","authors":"Qi Wang,&nbsp;Xu Ren,&nbsp;Jiangming Lv,&nbsp;Yue Xiao,&nbsp;Yihan Song,&nbsp;Bin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early corrosion detection beneath coatings and damage repair presents a significant technical challenge, highlighting the urgent need for rapid non-destructive detection methods and active self-healing technologies. In this work, a smart coating with timely self-reporting and self-healing functions was developed by integrating a composite (TPMP) into an epoxy coating. The TPMP consists of a pH/Fe³⁺-dual responsive lanthanide metal–organic framework and a PDA-modified nanocontainer. The composite is pH-sensitive, enabling precise localization of corrosion areas through fluorescence quenching while simultaneously releasing corrosion inhibitors for protection. An epoxy coating doped with 0.2 wt% TPMP obtained an improvement in corrosion performance and inhibited the spread of corrosion from the damaged area effectively. Compared to the EIS method, the TPMP/WEP coating could detecte the corrosion damage within 30 min, exhibiting fast response, higher sensitivity and free from the interference of coating color.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109082"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}