{"title":"Synergistic enhancement of modulus and ductility in Mg matrix composites: A new strategy for GNPs&MgOnp and SiCp hybrid reinforcement","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>SiC particles (SiCp) reinforced magnesium matrix composites (MMCs) exhibit elevated specific stiffness. However, the non-uniform distribution of SiCp and the interfacial cracking between the SiCp and Mg matrix compromise the ductility. This paper presents a novel approach to enhance the modulus and ductility of the MMCs by utilizing in-situ synthesized graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and MgO nanoparticles (MgO<sub>np</sub>). The in-situ reaction of GNPs and MgOnp (GNPs&MgO<sub>np</sub>) conducted at a high temperature (720 °C) demonstrates an improvement in the local agglomeration of SiCp compared to the conventional semi-solid temperature (590 °C). Moreover, the GNPs&MgO<sub>np</sub> optimized interfacial structure and transferred the load during plastic deformation, inhibiting stress concentration and crack propagation at the interface of SiCp. The ductility and modulus are enhanced by approximately 70 % and 10 % compared to SiCp/Mg-6Zn composites, demonstrating the effectiveness of the strategy employing micro-nano hybrid reinforcement and synergistic enhancement of ductility and modulus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Characterisation Framework for Laminate Free Edges by Digital Image Correlations and Validation of Numerical Predictions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper develops an accurate experimental framework to measure interlaminar strains on laminate free edges. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is used with an ultra-fine speckle pattern and macro lens to resolve strain fields with a resolution of ∼ 15 µm, allowing for through-thickness deformation and strain mapping. Data analysis techniques are developed to denoise the strain field and discount the effect of random local fibre distribution.</p><p>The major application of the framework is to validate numerical predictions, and it is demonstrated on angle-ply laminates over a range of ply orientations. A micropolar-based finite-element approach was compared to both a classical finite-element approach and the DIC-acquired interlaminar strain fields. Key improvements by the results include significantly overcoming the stark inconsistency of classical normal strains, and reducing the discrepancies of shear strains from 30 % to 3 ∼ 10 %. The outcomes can be extended to destructive failure analysis and the free-edge study of various other composite architectures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359835X24004469/pdfft?md5=8501a12221ef7dd1377a66a3d4fade43&pid=1-s2.0-S1359835X24004469-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controllable and lightweight ZIF-67@PAN derived Co@C nanocomposites with tunable and broadband microwave absorption","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal-organic framework-based carbon–carbon composite represent a novel class of microwave-absorbing materials (MAMs). However, obtaining lightweight and highly efficient absorbers with a lower filling ratio and larger effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) poses a challenge. In this study, we developed a controllable preparation method for ZIF-67 template polyacrylonitrile-wrapped nanocomposite (ZIF-67@PAN) precursor. This was achieved through radical polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). Subsequent annealing at high temperatures produced a lightweight nitrogen and oxygen-doped graphite layer-wrapped Co@C smart material (Co@C<sub>1</sub>, Co@C<sub>2</sub>, and Co@C<sub>3</sub>) with tunable microwave absorption properties (MAP). The results demonstrate that Co@C<sub>2</sub> achieved a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) value of −50.20 dB at a thickness of 2.0 mm with an EAB of 6.1 only at a filler content of only 13 %. Therefore, this work offers a controllable preparation method and introduces a simple and facile approach for creating efficient, lightweight micro and nano-sized microwave-absorbing materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pyrolysis front detection in carbon phenolic composites using x-ray computed tomography","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon phenolic composites are used as thermal protection systems (TPS) materials on space capsules to protect them from the hot aerothermal environment. The phenolic resin in the composite material decomposes (pyrolyzes) at low temperatures resulting in a pyrolysis front within the material. The detection of the pyrolysis front after exposure to heat has historically been achieved by physically sectioning cross-sections of the material. We combine the phase contrast retrieval method to reconstruct x-ray computed tomography scans along with image convolution to identify the pyrolysis front in carbon phenolic composites. Unlike the standard filtered back projection method that captures only the carbon phase, the phase contrast retrieval method uses both the attenuation coefficients and refractive indices to illuminate all three phases (carbon, resin, and voids) of carbon phenolic composites. Image convolution is applied on scans reconstructed using the phase contrast retrieval method to develop a density map of the composite to locate the pyrolysis front. The analysis is performed on a sample of phenolic impregnated carbon ablator that was tested in an arc-jet facility. For the sample analyzed, the depth of the pyrolysis front from the surface of the sample is calculated to be 2.150 ± 0.148 mm. Although the proposed approach is applied to detect the pyrolysis front, the tools can be used to illuminate the structure of any carbon phenolic composite, and we propose the use of the phase contrast retrieval method as a methodological standard to analyze carbon phenolic composites used on space capsules.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"4D printing of Nd-Fe-B composites with both shape memory and permanent magnet excitation deformation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Novel composite filaments are developed by mixing PLA, TPU, and Nd-Fe-B components and utilizing melt extrusion for 4D printing. The results reveal that the Nd-Fe-B magnetic particles are uniformly dispersed in the PLA/TPU polymer matrix, and the composite filaments meet the requirements of high-precision printing. Increasing the proportion of Nd-Fe-B magnetic particles in the composite contributes to higher remanence, coercivity, and magnetic energy product for the printed magnets. Under the 70 °C thermal stimulus, it has a high shape fixed ratio (>99 %), a high shape recovery ratio (>90 %), and a rapid response time (≤6.55 s). The magnetic particles accelerate the shape recovery process. Moreover, the petal-like structure and the hollow ball structure are designed and printed. After deformation, each structure can nearly fully recover its initial shape. This recovery is achieved through a non-contact stimulus response based on ’thermal-magnetic’ coupling. The grippers printed by the developed composite show comprehensive properties of shape memory and magnetically controlled smart gripping.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of stacking pattern of multilayered polyetheretherketone/boron nitride composites on the mechanical and thermal properties: Experiments and molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of stacking patterns in multilayered polyetheretherketone (PEEK)/boron nitride (BN) composites was investigated to improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. The thick PEEK and BN layers in the multilayered composite were the best multilayer structure, resulting in high mechanical properties and in-plane thermal conductivity due to the many strong electrostatic interaction sites between boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs). Molecular dynamics simulations were used to clarify the enhanced mechanism of multilayered structure on thermal conductivity. The multilayered structure with combinations of PEEKs and thick BN layers composed of large BNNSs led to the optimization of heat transfer due to the effective phonon transfer path. The best multilayered composite had the highest in-plane thermal conductivity, which was 471% higher than that of a PEEK. This study provides information about the filler size and stacking patterns for more effective multilayer structures with polymer and filler layers to achieve high performance on mechanical and thermal properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergistic carbon nanotube + carbon-coated iron nanoparticle polymer composites: Electrical, magnetic, and mechanical properties","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Composite multifunctionality enabled by nanofiller modification has been widely explored in diverse applications. To date, work in this area has focused overwhelmingly on polymers modified with only a single type of nanofiller. Even studies that use more than one type of filler generally do so in order to achieve just a single type of multifunctionality—for example, modification with a combination of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene for higher electrical conductivity. Much less work has been done in the area of modifying polymers with multiple nanofiller types having dissimilar properties. To that end, we modify a representative polymer (epoxy) with a combination of multi-walled (MW)CNTs and carbon-coated iron nanoparticles (CCFeNPs). These phases give rise to combined electrical and magnetic properties in the MWCNT + CCFeNP composite. DC and AC conductivity, permittivity, permeability, elastic modulus, and piezoresistive gauge factor were measured for varying relative concentrations of MWCNTs and CCFeNPs. Synergistic effects were observed, such as higher electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability in MWCNT + CCFeNP composites. More specifically, composites containing 0.4 wt% MWCNT + 0.1 wt% CCFeNP increased in DC conductivity by 0.5-0.6 S/m compared to 0.5 wt% MWCNT-only specimens. Furthermore, 0.1 wt% MWCNT + 0.4 wt% CCFeNP composites showed a magnetic saturation increase of 1.66 × 10<sup>−4</sup> emu/cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> over 0.5 wt% CCFeNP-only composites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142122251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hierarchical modification of bimodal grain structure in Al/Ti laminated composites for extraordinary strength-ductility synergy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Al/Ti laminates with altering Al grain sizes was fabricated via hot press sintering. Fine Al powders results in low sintering density and obvious cracks at Al/Ti interface. Large Al powders greatly increased the grain size, grain aspect ratio, LAGBs fraction, and recrystallization fraction of the Al layers. The texture heterogeneity is also significant, with rolling texture in Ti layer and random texture in Al layer. Ti<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub> phase precipitated at Al/Ti interface, and it gradually partitioned Ti atoms from TiAl<sub>3</sub> and hindered the formation of TiAl<sub>3</sub>. Moreover, numerous stacking faults, dislocation loops, dislocation pinning, and dislocation tangles were observed at Al/Ti interface, resulting in an increased back stress. Large Al grains contributes the highest bending strength of 734.8 MPa, tensile strength of 753.2 MPa, and fracture strain of 71 %. The effect of grain size on work hardening was attributed to the fraction of LAGBs, dislocation storage capacity and additional HDI strengthening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142128813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergy performance of hybrid fiber-reinforced ultra-high-performance cementitious composites with low fiber contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to assess the synergistic tensile performance resulting from the hybridization of long and short fibers. Three types of long steel,fibers, i.e., twisted, hooked, and smooth fibers, along with two types of short fibers, i.e., smooth and polyamide fibers, were incorporated into ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) at a total volume content of 1.5%. To predict the tensile resistance of the hybridizations, various machine learning models, including artificial neural network (ANN), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM), were applied by utilizing a significant number of collected experimental results. Experimental findings demonstrated that the hybridization of long and short fibers effectively enhanced tensile resistance compared to mono fibers. These hybridizations exhibited negative synergy factors in post-cracking strength but positive synergy factors in both strain capacity and specific work to fracture. Predictions using machine learning models revealed that the RF model exhibited outstanding performance in predicting the tensile resistance of the hybridizations. Furthermore, the compressive strength of the matrix was found to be the most important factor affecting post-cracking strength, whereas fiber length had the most substantial impact on the strain capacity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flexible sandwich-structured silver nanowire/exfoliated graphite platelet/aramid nanofiber composite films with excellent EMI shielding, thermal conduction and Joule heating performances","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multifunctional flexible sandwich-structured EMI shielding silver nanowire/exfoliated graphite platelet/aramid nanofiber (AgNW/EGP/ANF) composite films with excellent thermal conduction and Joule heating abilities were successfully prepared by a layer-by-layer vacuum filtration technique. The construction of EGP/ANF layer on the two sides is crucial in achieving outstanding thermal conductivity (TC) and contributes partial EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) for the composite films. The introduction of an ultrathin, dense, and sintered AgNW/ANF layer endows the composite films with significant enhancements in electrical conductivity and EMI SE. As a result, the optimal 30 μm-thick composite films with an AgNW loading of 35 wt% exhibit excellent EMI SE values of 69.0 dB in the X-band and 78.4 dB in the Ka-band and a superior in-plane TC of 48.7 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>. Besides, the prepared composite films present an outstanding Joule heating performance. Briefly, the sandwich-structured composite films show huge potential in advanced portable and wearable electronic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}