Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing最新文献

{"title":"Vibration-Assisted Thermal Repairing (VATR) of thermoplastic composites","authors":"Arash Khodaei ,&nbsp;Farjad Shadmehri","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Repairing composite structures is crucial for extending their service life, and there is an increasing need for repair techniques compatible with thermoplastic composites (TPCs). As the significance of welding TPC joints grows, evaluating their repairability becomes essential. Therefore, this study focuses on developing an innovative method called vibration-assisted thermal repairing (VATR) for matrix repairing of carbon fiber/polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) thermoplastic joints by inserting an amorphous polyetherimide (PEI) resin at the interface of two CF/PEEK substrates. In this regard, initially, a four-layer CF/PEEK laminate was manufactured using Automated Fiber Placement (AFP). The CF/PEEK specimens were then stacked with an amorphous PEI layer inserted between them and welded at 310 °C under a constant pressure using two methods: traditional thermal repairing and vibration-assisted thermal repairing. To study the feasibility of VATR technique, a custom experimental setup was designed and built to enable controlled thermal welding, with and without the application of vibration. The effects of frequency and time on the lap shear strength and void content were then compared for both repair methods. Additionally, interface zone mapping was employed using a pseudo-coloring method to analyze the effect of vibration on polymer chain diffusion. Results from the VATR method revealed a stronger and more uniform repair interface, with greater diffusion of PEI in the parental CF/PEEK substrates compared to traditional thermal repairing. Overall, this new repair method demonstrated significant potential for TPC joint repair, showing a 22% improvement in shear strength and a 35% reduction in void content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108928"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual dynamic CAN and graphene oxide offer unique synergism in improving mechanical properties and introducing self-healing in carbon fiber composites","authors":"Sampath Parasuram,&nbsp;Sandeep Tripathi,&nbsp;Mukesh Rajendra Jain,&nbsp;Akash Basu,&nbsp;Akshay Sunil Salvi,&nbsp;S. Kumar,&nbsp;Suryasarathi Bose","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study demonstrates the use of a dual dynamic covalent adaptive network (CAN) based vitrimer sizing system as an effective interfacial modification to achieve improved mechanical performance and introduce self-healing in carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy (CFRE) composites. The dynamic crosslinker used here is 3,3-Dithiodipropionic acid, which, when combined with DGEBA-based epoxy prepolymer, installs a dual dynamic CAN in the system. Thermal transitions, degradation behavior, and viscoelastic performance were analyzed using DSC, TGA, and DMA techniques. The vitrimer-based sizing and graphene oxide (GO) incorporated in the matrix synergistically improve the mechanical performance with a noteworthy increase of 23 % and 18 % in ILSS and FS values, respectively. Following a self-healing treatment at 180 °C for 30 min, there was a remarkable 46 % recovery in ILSS value. Additionally, the GO-CFRE system demonstrated an EMI shielding effectiveness of −46 dB. This study also explored the electrothermal heating and de-icing performance of the modified CFRE system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108959"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-plane compression behaviors of cedarwood-inspired cores and composite sandwich structures","authors":"Zhi Sun ,&nbsp;Xin Zhou ,&nbsp;Ruishuang Li ,&nbsp;Yawen Zhang ,&nbsp;Shanshan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructures of biological tissues can effectively guide the design of composite honeycomb sandwich structures. In this study, a cedarwood-inspired honeycomb core was proposed. In-plane compression tests were conducted on honeycomb cores and sandwich specimens to analyze the deformation and failure mechanisms of the cedarwood-inspired core and to examine their effects on the mechanical properties and failure modes of the sandwich structures. The cedarwood-inspired microstructure altered the load-transfer mechanism within the core, converting concentrated loads into distributed loads and restricting the expansion of unit cell deformations in the core. Experimental results indicated that the deformation and failure modes of the cores and sandwich specimens were modified, and the mechanical properties were significantly improved using the proposed cedarwood-inspired honeycomb cores. Specifically, the peak load of the cedarwood-inspired sandwich is 31.52% higher. Additionally, a theoretical prediction model was developed to determine Young’s modulus and peak load of the cedarwood-inspired core, offering valuable guidance for the design of future honeycomb cores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108933"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-velocity impact response of carbon/epoxy laminates with interlaminar hybrid toughening via core–shell-rubber particles and non-woven thermoplastic fibre veils","authors":"Mehmet Çağatay Akbolat ,&nbsp;Sheng Wang ,&nbsp;Kali Babu Katnam ,&nbsp;Prasad Potluri ,&nbsp;Constantinos Soutis","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advanced composites (<em>e.g.</em> carbon fibre-reinforced epoxies) have been increasingly used in lightweight, critical applications such as aerospace, renewable energy and defence industries due to their excellent mechanical properties including high specific strength, stiffness and fatigue properties. However, the inherent brittleness of polymer composites makes them vulnerable to low-velocity out-of-plane impact loading, threatening their structural integrity. In this context, enhancing the low-velocity impact resistance of composite laminates is crucial for maintaining their structural integrity and reliability throughout their service life. Therefore, this study explores the low-velocity out-of-plane impact resistance of composite laminates (<em>i.e.</em> consisting of the unidirectional non-crimp carbon fibre fabrics and low-viscous two-part epoxy resin) toughened with core–shell rubber (CSR) particles and thermoplastic veils. The CSR particles varying from 0.1 to 3µm and Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) fibre veils with a fibre diameter of <span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mn>9</mn></mrow></math></span> µm were used to achieve non-hybrid and hybrid toughening. The impact response of the composite laminates, manufactured with vacuum-assisted resin infusion and out-of-autoclave curing, were characterised with drop-weight low-velocity impact testing in two energy ranges: near the delamination threshold (<em>i.e.</em> 2 J, 3 J, 4 J) and over a broader range (<em>i.e.</em> 2.5 J, 5 J, 7.5 J, 10 J). The results show that the toughening mechanisms derived from the hybrid use of PPS veils and CSR particles effectively enhance the impact resistance of composite laminates up to the delamination threshold. Additionally, the hybrid approach significantly reduces the projected damage area. However, beyond the delamination threshold, the influence of these toughening mechanisms on the impact properties is found to be limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108944"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bending mode fracture toughness of geometrically nonlinear thin-ply composite shells","authors":"Armanj D. Hasanyan ,&nbsp;Sergio Pellegrino","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a method to determine the bending mode fracture toughness of thin-ply composite laminates. Single-edge notch samples are tested using a recently developed compression–bending fixture in the geometrically nonlinear regime until failure. The fixtures impose large bending curvatures at the notch tip and the corresponding moment vs. curvature response is obtained. Post-mortem micro-CT images show the details of the quasi-brittle fracture process zone. The experimental results and micro-CT images of the process zone are combined with the numerical virtual crack extension method to measure the critical energy release rate of the laminate structure, based on a detailed representation of the fracture process zone. The results are presented for a specific cross-ply laminate, but the procedure can be extended to other material systems under large curvature loads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108938"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface reaction and properties of carbon nanotubes-aluminum composites","authors":"Qingshuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengran Zhou ,&nbsp;Jingyu Shi ,&nbsp;Chengkai Sun ,&nbsp;Xian Cui ,&nbsp;Qingyu Shi ,&nbsp;Jinquan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanotubes/aluminum (CNTs/Al) composites have great potentials due to their light weight, outstanding mechanical and electrical properties. It is easy to enhance the mechanical strength of the CNTs/Al composites, but very difficult to improve the electrical properties. Here, CNTs/Al composites are prepared by powder metallurgy (PM) and friction stir processing (FSP) followed by hot press, respectively. The interface reaction between CNTs and Al inside the composites are investigated. Some new hexagonal compounds consist of Al, C and some O are frequently detected in the CNTs/Al composites. The atomic ratio of Al to C in these compounds deviates from 4:3, indicates that there might be some non-Al₄C₃ phase aluminum carbide in the composites. Atomic diffusion between C and Al matrix are observed in the composite prepared by FSP and hot press under high pressure, which also results in some hexagonal compounds. The CNTs/Al-FSP composite containing ∼4 wt.% CNTs prepared by FSP combined with hot press behave a superior electrical conductivity of 38.4 MS/m, which is slightly higher than that of the commercial pure Al (AA 1060). The tensile strength and total elongation of CNTs/Al-FSP composite had improved by 28.7% and 15.3% compared with AA 1060, which is attributed to tightly bonded CNTs/Al interface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108949"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balanced optimization of multiple mechanical properties of homogeneous architecture hyperelastic material","authors":"Le Chen ,&nbsp;Songlin Yu ,&nbsp;Changlin Li ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Chengzhen Geng ,&nbsp;Fengmei Yu ,&nbsp;Ai Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fascinating mechanical properties of hyperelastic materials have been extensively studied. To meet the requirements of various application scenarios, researchers need to seek trade-offs and optimizations in different deformation modes, as these properties are often mutually restrictive. Machine learning with powerful nonlinear fitting ability, helps establish a balance between various mechanical properties, and facilitates iterative optimization in the manufacturing process of hyperelastic materials. Here, we propose a design strategy that reconciles the conflicting multiple mechanical properties of porous hyperelastic materials by using customized machine learning. Specifically, we combined multitask machine learning with targeted modules and domain knowledge from porous elastomer, and established the connection between the macroscopic structural parameters and multiple mechanical properties during the entire response process of hyperelastic materials obtained from additive manufacturing. By leveraging the connection, the contradiction between stiffness and energy dissipation in hyperelastic materials can be mitigated solely through macroscopic stacked structural optimization. The strategy is also employed to optimize the printing performance of silicone ink, demonstrating satisfactory results. Therefore, this strategy is expected to provide an efficient paradigm for simultaneously reconciling and optimizing the complex practical requirements of hyperelastic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108932"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Titanium dioxide whiskers functionalized with organic–inorganic hybrid silica coatings for multifaceted enhancement of high-performance polybutylene terephthalate nanocomposites","authors":"Yankun Gong ,&nbsp;Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Juan Chen ,&nbsp;Yanfen Ding ,&nbsp;Haijun Fan ,&nbsp;Mingshu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastics with all-good stiffness, strength, and toughness properties can hardly been achieved through a whisker-filling method, even after the functionalization on whiskers. The titanium dioxide whiskers, with limited studies focusing on their effect to the tribology and antistatic properties of the composites, require more investigation on their reinforcing effects to the functional engineering plastics. In this work, rutile titanium dioxide whiskers coated by organic–inorganic hybrid silica (CRTs) were prepared through a co-hydrolysis and co-condensation method. CRT and uncoated whiskers (RT) were melt-blended with polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) to prepare nanocomposites, with various properties studied. The tensile/flexural strength and modulus, impact strength, dielectric constant, heat deformation temperature and thermal conductivity of PBT nanocomposites filled with 50% RT improved by 59%/45%, 376%/375%, 19%, 108%, 170%, 114%, respectively. More interestingly, these properties improved further with 50 wt% CRT added, accurately by 71%/67%, 342%/416%, 22%, 104%, 174%, 137%. The reinforcing mechanisms by RT and CRT were investigated. The neat PBT showed a brittle fracture behavior, while the RT(CRT)/PBT composites exhibited ductile fracture with polymer fibrils, whisker pulling out and whisker breaking. CRT enhanced the mechanical properties, and meanwhile reduced the dielectric loss and apparent viscosity for PBT, which was due to the improved interfacial compatibility deriving from the functional coating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108952"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental investigation into the lightning strike response of Z-pinned composite laminates","authors":"Mudan Chen ,&nbsp;Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Bing Zhang ,&nbsp;Giuliano Allegri ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Yokozeki ,&nbsp;Stephen R. Hallett","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite their outstanding mechanical performance and lightweight characteristics, carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites also have some limitations, notably: poor delamination resistance and vulnerability to lightning strikes. Z-pinning through-thickness reinforcement (TTR) technology addresses the first of these and this research represents the first investigation on the lightning strike damage response of Z-pinned CFRP composites. Two types of specimens were tested: unpinned and 0.1% carbon-fibre Z-pinned. Experimental results reveal that while Z-pinning enhances through-thickness electrical conductivity, it introduces new complexities. During lightning events, the intense current surge causes the carbon-fibre pins and adjacent resin pockets to decompose, resulting in localised damage, larger delamination areas, and reduced residual strength compared to unpinned laminates. Carbon-fibre Z-pinned laminates, however, dissipate heat more rapidly due to the efficient heat transfer facilitated by the pins. This study offers a novel perspective on the potential advantages and challenges associated with the application of Z-pinning in aircraft structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 108951"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine-assisted functionalized cuprous oxide induced high biocompatibility and antibacterial polyethylene fibers","authors":"Ning Tang,&nbsp;Jinqi Wang,&nbsp;Xin Dai,&nbsp;Gongxun Zhai,&nbsp;Senlong Yu,&nbsp;Hao Yu,&nbsp;Hengxue Xiang,&nbsp;Meifang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the growing challenge of bacterial contamination, the development of antibacterial fibers with high efficacy and low toxicity has become a critical area of research. These fibers are typically produced by incorporating antibacterial agents into the fiber matrix through surface modification techniques. However, existing coating technologies encounter difficulties such as non-uniformity and weak adhesion, often resulting from the incompatibility between organic and inorganic interfaces. Drawing inspiration from mussel adhesion chemistry, self-polymerizing polydopamine was employed to immobilize halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and nano-cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) onto the surface of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) fibers. Additionally, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was introduced to enhance the dispersion and stability of Cu₂O on the HNT surface. The resulting antibacterial fibers inactivate bacteria through a combination of copper ion and quaternary ammonium salt adsorption, physical disruption by HNTs, and sustained release of Cu²⁺ ions. Notably, these fibers demonstrate exceptional long-term antibacterial efficacy, achieving a 99.99 % inactivation rate against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>B. subtilis</em> even after washing 50 cycles. Moreover, the antibacterial PE fibers exhibit a tensile strength of 32.5 ± 2.3 MPa and a water contact angle of 95.3 ± 0.6°, effectively preventing bacterial adhesion. The multi-layered structural design enhances both stability and adaptability, suggesting promising potential for applications in the biomedical field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 108947"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}