Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing最新文献

{"title":"Structural design and simulation analysis of an integrated composite drive shaft with a variable-thickness membrane disk","authors":"Lan Zhang ,&nbsp;Weifang Chen ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Junmi Long ,&nbsp;Huiyang Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the requirements for modern high-speed helicopters, including high-torque capacity, significant angular misalignment compensation, and lightweight design, this paper proposes an integrated composite drive shaft design method incorporating a variable-thickness membrane disk. Firstly, Draw on existing mature ply schemes to undertake the new drive shaft design. Subsequently, by comparing the angular compensation capabilities of rectangular, circular, tapered, and trapezoidal membrane disk configurations, the optimal configuration is selected. The specific dimensional parameters of this configuration are then determined using a co-simulation optimization approach integrating ABAQUS and Isight. On this basis, guided by the principle of equal stress distribution on the membrane disk surface under extreme working conditions, a variable-thickness disk profile is designed by adopting a stepwise discrete ply-drop-off methodology from the inner to the outer region, ensuring the continuity of the primary fibers. Furthermore, finite element analysis is performed to evaluate the strength and modal characteristics of the integrated drive shaft. Experimental validation of its modal and stiffness properties is conducted, and the close agreement between the experimental results and theoretical analyses confirms the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed design method. The findings of this study can provide a theoretical foundation for the design of drive shafts for high-speed helicopters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109545"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Panoramic view of interface-related hygrothermal aging for ramie/PLA composites by time-series decoupling analysis","authors":"Lamei Wang ,&nbsp;Baozhong Sun ,&nbsp;Ming Cai ,&nbsp;Bohong Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the interface-related behaviors at the nanoscale is beneficial for controlling the hygrothermal deterioration of plant fiber reinforced composites. This study decoupled the initial water absorption and later matrix hydrolysis at the hygrothermal periods with molecular dynamics simulation. Then, the interfacial tensile properties of ramie fiber reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites were revealed with numerical simulation and microscale experiment. Results show that the interfacial moisture invasion increased the displacement of the PLA centroid, and decreased the number of cellulose-PLA hydrogen bonds (HBs) and the PLA-cellulose adhesion work, which led to a decline in interfacial adhesion performance. The interfacial water content was characterized by the thickness of the water layer. The interfacial tensile damage increased at the water_4Å, 6Å, and 8Å interface, while it decreased at the water_2Å interface. After PLA hydrolysis during the later hygrothermal period, the interfacial damage changed from initial adhesion damage (0 % PLA hydrolysis degree) to mixed adhesion-cohesion damage (5 % PLA hydrolysis degree), and then to cohesion damage (15–50 % PLA hydrolysis degree). The cohesive damage percentage was affected by the PLA hydrolysis degree and interfacial damage behavior. The breakage of the cellulose-PLA HBs and PLA-PLA HBs was the tensile-damage behaviors at the aqueous interface and the PLA hydrolysis interface, respectively. The interfacial tensile damage behavior in the MD simulation was observed in the microscale experiment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109591"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible positive temperature coefficient composites with low transformation point by constructing 3D polymer skeleton","authors":"Gui-Lin Song ,&nbsp;Jun-Hao Bai ,&nbsp;Yu-Tong Qiao ,&nbsp;Ling Xu ,&nbsp;Run-Pan Nie ,&nbsp;Li-Chuan Jia ,&nbsp;Ding-Xiang Yan ,&nbsp;Zhong-Ming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) composites are currently employed extensively in various electrical equipment (e.g., power battery, artificial satellite, and optical instrument) due to their self-adaptive temperature control capability. However, it remains challenging to develop PTC composites that can simultaneously achieve high flexibility and low transformation point. Herein, we report the successful fabrication of flexible PTC composites with low transformation point by adopting a 3D interconnected Ecoflex skeleton to support carbon black (CB) and lauric acid (LA) components. The CB@LA/Ecoflex composite with 14 wt% CB content achieves a low room-temperature resistivity of 1.6 Ω·m and a remarkable PTC intensity of 2.5. In addition, the composite reaches a stable equilibrium temperature of ∼ 23.5 ℃ within 600 s, exhibiting a variation of only 0.038 °C when subjected to an ambient temperature of −10 °C and an applied voltages of 30 V. It is also demonstrated that the CB@LA/Ecoflex composites possess excellent flexibility and cyclic stability. This remarkable comprehensive performance demonstrates the promise of the CB@LA/Ecoflex composites in the thermal control of advanced electrical equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109593"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress-state and strain-rate dependency of fracture in SCFR-PEEK composites under biaxial loading","authors":"Wencheng Liu ,&nbsp;Xinghao Li ,&nbsp;Hang Dong ,&nbsp;Yong Pang ,&nbsp;Yulong Li ,&nbsp;Huanming Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a hybrid experimental-modelling framework to investigate the anisotropic deformation, strain-rate sensitivity, and fracture behaviour of short carbon fibre reinforced polyether-ether-ketone (SCFR-PEEK) composites subjected to in-plane multiaxial loading. Quasi-static uniaxial and biaxial tensile responses were characterised using an electromechanical biaxial testing system, while dynamic uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests were conducted using an electromagnetic biaxial split Hopkinson bar (EBSHB) apparatus, enabling systematic assessment of material behaviour over a wide range of strain rates. The comprehensive experimental dataset formed the basis for the development of a phenomenological anisotropic elastoplastic constitutive model capable of reproducing rate-dependent deformation and fracture responses under diverse stress states. The proposed model integrates orthotropic elastic properties, an anisotropic yield function, a strain-rate dependent hardening law, and a stress-state dependent anisotropic fracture criterion. Model parameters were identified from uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests that explicitly account for fibre alignment and directional anisotropy, and were calibrated separately for quasi-static and dynamic regimes to ensure predictive consistency across loading rates. The coupled constitutive and fracture framework was implemented within a finite-element framework to enable high-fidelity simulation of anisotropic elastoplastic deformation and fracture under complex multiaxial loading paths. Model validation was performed through quasi-static Nakajima tests and dynamic drop-weight impact experiments involving biaxial stress states. The simulations show good agreement with experimental observations in terms of deformation evolution, strain localisation, and fracture initiation. The developed framework therefore provides a robust and versatile tool for predictive simulation of coupled deformation and fracture processes in SCFR-PEEK composites under realistic multiaxial and rate-dependent loading conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109594"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing regenerated leather from waste leather fibers: Robustness and thermal/water comfort","authors":"Zhishuang Zhu,&nbsp;Youjia Yang,&nbsp;Guixiang Ding,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Lin,&nbsp;Liulian Huang,&nbsp;Jianguo Li,&nbsp;Lihui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for leather has led to large quantities of waste leather fibers (WLFs), posing environmental concerns. Regenerated leather (RL) prepared from WLFs offers a sustainable solution, yet dry-forming methods often yield low strength, poor uniformity, and low efficiency. Here, we developed strong, uniform, and cost-effective regenerated leather (CPRL) via a wet-forming process combining hot-pressing, densification, and macromolecular crosslinking with the cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM). Hot-pressing densifies the structure and enhances hydrogen bonding, and correspondingly increases tensile strength from 0.05 N/m² to 3.19 N/m², tear strength from 0.39 N/mm to 9.44 N/mm, and bursting strength from 0.89 N/mm to 16.80 N/mm. Subsequent the CPAM crosslinking further increases tensile strength to 6.16 N/m², tear strength to 18.11 N/mm, and burst strength to 54.86N/mm. Except for the increased hydrogen bonding, the CPAM additionally enables the strong electrostatic interactions, thus yielding superior mechanical performance of CPRL and hydrophobicity (water contact angle of 115.1°). In addition, the CPRL also exhibits higher thermal conductivity (from 0.078 to 0.152 W/m·K⁻¹) and faster water evaporation (from 0.062 to 0.44 g/min), and correspondingly demonstrates thermal and moisture comfort. The developed wet-forming methodology opens a new door for manufacturing high-performance regenerated leather from the WLFs toward useful applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109566"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lowering the cement content of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete by replacing hollow glass microspheres","authors":"Van Thanh Huynh ,&nbsp;Tuan Kiet Tran ,&nbsp;Duy-Liem Nguyen ,&nbsp;Van Thong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Ngoc Thanh Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel ultra-high-performance lightweight concrete (UHPLC) mix that significantly reduces cement content through a high-volume replacement with hollow glass microspheres (HGM). Cement was partially replaced with the lightweight material HGM at five volume-based replacement levels, 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, and 70 %, for UHPLC production. Moreover, three curing methods (hot water, normal water, and combined water) and three curing ages (7, 14, and 28 days) were evaluated. Additionally, two types of high-strength steel fibers with a 1.5 % volume content, namely long smooth and short smooth fibers, were incorporated into the UHPLC. Experimental results demonstrated that among the different HGM replacement levels, only the UHPLC with 60 % HGM (H60) achieved outstanding simultaneous performance, including a flowability between 200 and 250 mm, a density below 1920 kg/m³, a compressive strength exceeding 120 MPa, and a flexural strength greater than 14 MPa. Moreover, the inclusion of 1.5 % steel fibers further enhanced the compressive strength of H60 to 166 MPa and the flexural strength to 40 MPa. Furthermore, H60 maintained excellent performance across all curing methods and ages, indicating its suitability for both precast and on-site structural applications, as well as for early strength development in construction. Specifically, H60, containing a low cement content (331 kg/m³) and low HGM content (66 kg/m³), exhibited significant advantages in terms of cost reduction, CO₂ emission mitigation, and energy savings compared with previously developed UHPLCs reported in earlier studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109554"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse design of constituent materials of 3D hybrid woven composites for tailored effective properties using reduced order model and genetic algorithm","authors":"Shilian Sun ,&nbsp;Weijie Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Yan ,&nbsp;Xi Zou ,&nbsp;Shibo Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D hybrid woven composites can exhibit superior mechanical performance compared to non-hybrid counterparts, due to synergistic effects arising from the combination of fibres with different properties. However, the design space of such materials expands exponentially with the number of yarns and candidate fibre types, rendering trial-and-error approaches impractical for identifying a global optimum within this vast parameter space. In this work, we propose an efficient inverse design framework for tailoring the effective properties of 3D woven hybrid composites through the selection of constituent materials. The framework integrates a genetic algorithm as an optimiser to automatically search for optimal constituent material combinations, while employing a reduced order model generated by the proper generalised decomposition method as a rapid forward predictor of effective properties during iterations. The proposed inverse design framework was verified through a case study on 3D hybrid orthogonal woven composites, involving a design space of one million potential combinations of constituent materials. The computational time of material characterisation in the inverse design framework results in an acceleration of approximately 122 times compared to the conventional numerical homogenisation in the case study. The results confirm the framework’s ability to efficiently navigate vast design spaces to identify optimal solutions with high computational performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109601"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale computational modelling of novel 3D printed structure of cellulose nanocrystal-reinforced polymer composites","authors":"Koshi Iwata ,&nbsp;Chao Luo ,&nbsp;Yasutomo Uetsuji","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel concept of highly cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-filled filament-reinforced polymer composite was proposed to enhance the mechanical properties of biocomposites. A multiscale finite element analysis based on homogenization theory was applied to clarify the nonlinear content dependence of the mechanical properties of unidirectionally-oriented CNC-filled polylactic acid (PLA) filaments. The computation demonstrated the superiority of filament-reinforced composites, with Young’s modulus and maximum stress improved by 16.9% and 27.6%, respectively, compared with conventional uniformly-dispersed composites. Then the effects of local CNC content in filament and global CNC content in composite were clarified as design guidelines for enhancing nonlinear mechanical properties. Furthermore, the proposed concept was applied to fused filament fabrication, and its effect on mechanical properties was clarified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109605"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperbranched polyborosiloxane as a multifunctional flame retardant for simultaneously enhancing fire safety, mechanical properties, and hydrophobicity of polycarbonate","authors":"Yixiao Shi,&nbsp;Guang Li,&nbsp;Jiaen Qian,&nbsp;Jiafeng Lu,&nbsp;Qinghua Pan,&nbsp;Yanjiang Song,&nbsp;Hong Dong,&nbsp;Chuan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycarbonate (PC) is widely used in applications that require optical transparency and fire safety; however, conventional flame retardants often compromise its mechanical properties and clarity. In this study, a series of hyperbranched polyborosiloxanes (PBS) with varying boron-to-silicon ratios was synthesized via a one-step dehydration condensation reaction. The effects of PBS on the flame-retardant performance, mechanical properties, optical transparency, and hydrophobicity of PC were systematically investigated. Results demonstrated that PBS-C, with the highest boron content, significantly improved the flame retardancy of PC. At a loading of 6 wt%, the PC/PBS-C6 composite achieved a UL-94V-0 rating and a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 40.3. Cone calorimetry tests revealed reductions in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) by 35.9% and 15.7%, respectively. Moreover, the composite exhibited enhanced mechanical properties, with flexural strength and impact strength increasing by 28.8% and 21.9%, respectively. The incorporation of PBS also improved the hydrophobicity (water contact angle up to 108.86°) while maintaining high optical transmittance (&gt;83%). This work presents a promising strategy for developing high-performance PC composites with balanced flame retardancy, mechanical strength, and transparency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109606"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable dual-driven photothermal/electrothermal textile heater for personal thermal management","authors":"Weiyi Han ,&nbsp;Jialing Tan ,&nbsp;Hongkun Zhu ,&nbsp;Tao Wu ,&nbsp;Chaoxia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of rising global energy consumption and the need for personal thermal management (PTM), developing efficient, multi-modal wearable heaters is crucial to reduce reliance on energy-intensive heating systems. Herein, an MXene-CuS/PANI-GO cotton (MCPGC) fabric is fabricated via a two-step method involving in-situ polymerization of polyaniline with graphene oxide on cotton, followed by dip-coating with MXene-CuS dispersion. The MCPGC fabric exhibits photothermal and electrothermal heating performances, achieving an average surface temperature of 60.20 °C under 1000 W/m² solar irradiation and 57.54 °C under an applied voltage of 4.5 V. Furthermore, a significant synergistic heating effect is observed under simultaneous photothermal and electrothermal activation, with the surface temperature reaching 84.13 °C. A tunable dual-driven textile heater is subsequently constructed by integrating the MCPGC fabric with a microcontroller-based automatic conversion system. This configuration effectively maintains the surface temperature of the fabric at user-defined setpoints by autonomously activating electrothermal assistance to compensate for heat deficits under low or fluctuating solar irradiance, as validated by outdoor practical testing. This study successfully develops a dual-driven synergistic textile heater with intelligent thermostatic control, demonstrating potential for energy-saving personal thermal management applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109583"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}