Social Aspects of Population Health最新文献

{"title":"SOCIAL PORTRAIT OF A MODERN NEPHROLOGIST","authors":"E. A. Popov","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-4-10","url":null,"abstract":"Significance. The shortage of nephrologists and the annual increase in kidney diseases bring this problem up to the social level: development of a social portrait gives an insight into main difficulties associated with both choosing the profession of nephrologist and realizing professional opportunities. The purpose of the study is to create a social portrait of a modern nephrologist to address the issue of improving professionalization of activity with due regard to value orientations of doctors and their perception of specifics of the profession. Material and methods. An empirical sociological study (2019-2020) based on semi-structured interviews with doctors-nephrologists from four regions of Russia (N=30); and the use of biographical method (N=54). Results. The study shows that when creating a social portrait of a nephrologist a special role is played by value orientations of the personality, manifesting in care for patients, a healthy lifestyle, however, professional attitudes also are very important: willingness to improve skills, commitment to self-education, the study of complex cases in clinical practice, etc. The analysis of gender and age differences of doctors, coupled with the assessment of their curriculum vitae (biographies), made it possible to focus on the role of the nephrologist in successful treatment of patients not suffering from kidney diseases alone, but having other diseases. Generally, nephrologists are ready to rely on best practices in medicine in their clinical practice, yet they are perfectly aware of the complex problems experienced by the domestic healthcare hampering the use of this potential in full. Conclusion. The possibilities of using the nephrologist’ social portrait to improve professionalization of activity and quality of appropriate medical care in nephrology have been determined.","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122648903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRAINING OF DOCTORS IN THE RUSSIAN SUBJECTS OF THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL OKRUG","authors":"S. Makarov, G. Gaidarov","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2021-67-5-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2021-67-5-11","url":null,"abstract":"Significance. Training of medical personnel is the most important factor determining the level of development of human resources in health care. The transformations that have been taken place in the Russian system of higher medical education in recent years substantuate scientific research in this area. Purpose of the study: to analyze training of doctors in the subjects of the Russian Federation that are part of the Siberian Federal Okrug. Material and methods. The authors used specially developed statistical maps, which included information from the reporting forms «No. 1-Monitoring», the number of which corresponded to the number of medical universities and medical faculties in the subjects of the Siberian Federal Okrug, 10 in total. Each of the statistical maps included over 30 criteria. Results. The study has identified subjects of the Russian Federation in the Siberian Federal Okrug with population growth accompanied by the reduced number of doctors (the Republic of Tyva and Altai), which only exacerbated their shortage. However, against the background of the population decline, there is a rather pronounced increase in the number of medical personnel (the Irkutsk Oblast and the Republic of Khakassia) in some subjects of the Siberian Federal Okrug, The subject ranking based on the comparison of indicators of the number of doctors and volumes of their training in these regions, shows that the Tomsk, Novosibirsk and Omsk regions, where, despite the high number of medical personnel, there is a large number of medical graduates, top the ranking. Vice versa, in other subjects of the Siberian Federal Okrug, the relatively low number of medical personnel is combined with small volumes of training of doctors (the Republic of Khakassia, the Republic of Altai and Kemerovo region), preventing effective ellemination of the personnale shortage in the coming years. Analysis of indicators characterizing activities of medical universities in the Siberian Federal Okrug made it possible to compare subjects of the Siberian Federal Okrug by the most important performance criteria, including implementation of the educational process, development level of infrastructure, financial and economic indicators, and others. The results obtained made it possible to determine ranking positions of each educational organization that trains doctors in the Siberian Federal Okrug. Conclusion. The presented results are recommended for use in the process of forming the evidence-based personnel policy in health, both at the level of the Siberian Federal Okrug and in other regions of the Russian Federation, while the presented experience in conducting such studies is recommended for use in general management of health personnel.","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122846467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERACTION OF PATIENTS AND REGIONAL QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM OF HEALTH CARE","authors":"N. Kuchin, Y. Tyukov","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2019-65-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2019-65-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132185053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OF MORTALITY FROM DIGESTIVE DISEASES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN MOSCOW","authors":"T. Sabgayda, A. Edeleva","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-4-1","url":null,"abstract":"Significance. Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the drugs used to treat it affect the course of gastroenterological diseases. Does this change the population mortality structure? Purpose: the purpose of the study was to determine changes in the structure of mortality from diseases of the digestive system against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods. The study was conducted using the database Registration of the Facts of Death - \"The Unified Medical Information and Analytical System of the City of Moscow\" on people who died from digestive diseases in 2019 - 2021. Death dynamics among the Muscovites was analysed using Rosstat data for 2010-2020. The share of individual diseases in the structure of death causes, frequency of digestive disease indication in the second part of the medical death certificate in case of death from COVID-19 and average age of death were analysed. Comparison of shares of individual causes in different years was carried out on four-field tables using the Chi-square test. Significance level of the test was p < 0.05. The odds ratio (OR) and its confidence interval (CI) were determined. Results. The average annual growth rate of mortality from digestive diseases in 2010-2019 equalled to -3.5% in men and -1.7% in women; in 2020 it added up to 14.9% and 8.9%, respectively. In 2020, the average age of death from digestive diseases decreased by 3.9 years in men and 3.4 years in women. In the cause of death structure, the share of other specified noninfective gastroenteritis and colitis (K52) (OR = 1.52, CI = 1.07–2.17), liver fibrosis and cirrhosis (OR = 1.35, CI = 1.22–1.50), acute pancreatitis (OR = 1.32, CI = 1.15 - 1.52) has increased. In 2021, in case of death from COVID-19, the frequency of reporting diverticular disease of intestine (OR = 2.35, CI = 1.22 - 4.64) as well as acute pancreatitis in men (OR = 2.87, CI = 1, 04 - 8.53) increased. Conclusion. During the pandemic, the structure of mortality from diseases of the digestive system has changed. A significant decrease in the average age of death from digestive diseases among the Muscovites is mainly determined by the increased mortality in age group of 35-49 years. The obtained results suggest that infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus not only adversely affects the existing digestive diseases, but also triggers the development of new pathological processes: noninfective gastroenteritis and colitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis of liver. It should be also hypothesized that diverticular disease of intestine increases the risk of dying from COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117257638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE LEVEL OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT SYNDROME IN ANESTHESIOLOGISTS-RESUSCITATORS","authors":"Alla Muravyeva, Yu. N. Mikhaylova, Valentina Gorbunova","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2023-69-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2023-69-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Significance. Emotional burnout is a common phenomenon among representatives of medical professions. The majority of patients in medical institutions are people with special needs due to suffering, worries about their health and life, and reduced adaptive capabilities. Medical care providers are faced with a double burden related to both ensuring a high-quality performance of their professional duties, and maintaining a stable emotional status of their patients. A high risk of developing emotional burnout is characteristic of medical specialists who provide emergency care in conditions of time shortage and high responsibility for human life and health. Anesthesiologists and resuscitators are among the most at risk of emotional burnout The purpose of the study: to analyze the level and specific features of emotional burnout syndrome in anesthesiologists-resuscitators. Material and methods. 160 anesthesiologists and resuscitators took part in the study. The study consisted of two stages: analysis of the level of emotional burnout according to the Maslach Burnout Inventory (C. Maslach, S. Jackson, adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova), and a survey based on a specially designed questionnaire to identify enabling factors of emotional burnout syndrome. Results. 17.5% of the surveyed anesthesiologists and resuscitators are characterized by a high level of emotional burnout. A moderate level of emotional burnout was detected in more than 50% of the surveyed doctors of this specialty. 14.4% of the respondents constantly experience emotional symptoms of professional burnout. 46.9% of the respondents are dissatisfied with their work. 46.9% are convinced that the job of anesthesiologist and resuscitator is depreciated by patients, administration and colleagues. 20.6% noted a desire to change their specialty, 18.8% have the intention to quit this medical profession, 21.9% want to move to other medical institutions, engage in private medical practice. Emotional burnout among anesthesiologists-resuscitators can lead to the increased risk of medical errors and negatively affect the safety of patients. Negative emotional status of anesthesiologists negatively affects both effectiveness of the individual professional activity and reduces effectiveness of the teamwork in general in care provision. Development of the emotional burnout symptoms in the work of an anesthesiologist-resuscitator is greatly influenced by the type of medical care, work experience and type of organization the specialist is employed in. Conclusion. Anesthesiologists and resuscitators belong to one of the most vulnerable categories of medical specialties, they are characterized by the risk of emotional burnout syndrome associated with both general factors typical of helping professions and specific ones, due to peculiarities of professional activity. Increasing performance effectiveness of the anesthesiologist-resuscitator determines the need to improve measures aimed at preventing burnout. Scope of ","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115441991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HETEROGENEITY OF THE BURDEN OF CHRONIC DISEASES IN THE ELDERLY","authors":"A. Edeleva, T. Sabgayda, V. Starodubov","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2019-65-3-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2019-65-3-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123503333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CARE AVAILABILITY BY THE POPULATION: A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY","authors":"V. Buzin, T. Buzina","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-1-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-1-13","url":null,"abstract":"Significance. Studing availability of psychological care to the population is one of the urgent problems of public health, preservation and maintenance of psychological health. The purpose of the study: to assess volumes and availability of psychological care to the Russian population from the point of view of the population, as well as the need for psychological care among the population. Material and methods. Survey and sociological analysis of the data obtained. The study was conducted through a semi-formalized questionnaire. The method used is a mass survey of the population - individual semi-formalized interviews at the place of residence (apartment survey) according to the developed questionnaire. Evaluation of the quality of medical care and attitude to the healthcare system was based on personal experiance: the respondents were asked to give their assessment based on the results of their recent visits to a doctor / health care facility. This research method ensures a high level of detalization of responses and personal involvement of the respondents in the study, as well as minimizes influence of external factors (such as public opinion, publications in the media, etc.) on the attitude of the respondents. Results. The study showed a rather low need to consult a psychologist: the overwhelming majority of the respondents noted that they did not need help of this specialist (80.7%). The highest unmet demand for psychological care was registered in million-plus cities and small towns (17.8% and 17.3%, respectively). First of all, Muscovites have a history of such care seeking– the share of care seekers is twice higher than the average one (8.3%), and the lowest need for psychological care was identified in medium size cities - 83.8%. The overall need for psychological care based on the responses of the respondents can be estimated at 19-20%. That is, every fifth resident of the Russian Federation needs help of a professional medical psychologist. Conclusion. The need to consult a psychologist is rather low: the vast majority of the respondents noted that they did not need help of this specialist. However, the study has revealed a high unmet demand for psychological care associated with defects in organization of psychological care delivery to population. Scope of application. The study results can be used by executive authorities in regulatory practice and decision-making on issues related to optimizing the use of medical psychologists in the system of public health protection.","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124227781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRANSFORMATION OF THE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE OF STUDENTS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19","authors":"O. Denisova, A. Denisov, V. Drobyshev","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Significance. Youth students make an individual socio-demographic group. The psycho-emotional state of young people affects their health and labor potential. The purpose of the study is to analyze transformation of the psycho-emotional state of students under the influence of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Material and methods. Sociological survey based on the author's questionnaire and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), validated in the Russian sample by N.V. Tarabrina (2001). A total of 252 three and four-year medical university students aged 19-26 were interviewed. Results. The study has identified a direct moderate correlation (rxy=0,325; p<0,05) between the confirmed previous COVID-19 infection in friends and relatives and the respondents' fear of getting sick. The majority of students with a fear of getting sick showed signs of health deterioration: palpitations, difficulty falling asleep, etc. The need to comply with the self-isolation regime contributed to the emergence of such negative emotions as anxiety, apathy, irritability. Emergence of impaired concentration of attention and fatigue in a certain share of students was accompanied by difficulties in learning. Lectures and seminars at an educational institution were the most popular source of information on the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 for youth students. Most of the respondents followed news updates once a day. Conclusion. The COVID-19 rate among friends and relatives is one of the significant social factors for transformation of the psycho-emotional state of students. Violation of the psycho-emotional state of the respondents was accompanied by various manifestations on the part of almost all organs and systems, disorders of the emotional sphere, which, among other things, contributed to the decrease in motivation to study. The results obtained made it possible to form a risk group for the development of mental disorders, requiring consultation with a psychotherapist. The influence of information sources (mass media, Internet resources, etc.) on the psycho-emotional state of the respondents was not confirmed. Scope of application. It is advisable to use the results obtained to optimize educational process in higher education institutions, as well as to plan preventive measures on screening anxiety disorders among students.","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125529111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PSYCHOLOGICAL PROPHYLAXIS OF NEGATIVE INFLUENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISKS AND WORKING EFFICIENCY OF SCHOOL TEACHERS","authors":"T. Vasil'eva, I. V. Fedotova, M. M. Nekrasova, A. V. Zuev","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2019-65-3-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2019-65-3-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125568425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRIVATE MEDICINE IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN: TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT","authors":"D. Olimov, R. Tursunov, G. Khojamuradov","doi":"10.21045/2071-5021-2023-69-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21045/2071-5021-2023-69-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"Significance. The modern trend in the development of medical service providers represents the growing role of the sector of paid medical services and is becoming an important part of the national healthcare market. The purpose of the study is to analyze trends and prospects for the development of private medical activities in the Republic of Tajikistan. Material and methods. The study analyzed the development trend of the private medicine in the Republic of Tajikistan in 2005-2022 based on regulations and statistics of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Tajikistan. Results. One of the development indicators of this sphere is the increase in the number of private medical institutions. At present, by January 2023, there are 791 private medical institutions are registered and successfully operating in the Republic of Tajikistan, including legal entities (n=352) with a branch (n=92) totaling to 444 (56.1%), and individuals – 347 (43.9%); compared with the same indicators in 2005 (16 legal entities and 63 individuals) the number increased by 27.7 and about 5.5 times, respectively. The total number of employees in private medical institutions of the Republic of Tajikistan is 4756 (22.9%) people, including doctors – 1919 (40.3% and 9.2% of the total number of doctors in the Republic), paramedical staff – 1840 people (38.7% and 3.0% respectively), auxiliary workers – 1012 people. Private medical institutions account for 7.4% (n=2871) of the total number of hospital beds in the country (n=38726 beds). Over the past two years, the share of paid medical services provided to the population in the Republic of Tajikistan amounted to 455.7 million somoni or 44.7 million U.S. dollars (in 2021 – 250.9 million somoni, for 9 months of 2022 – 204.8 million somoni). Conclusion. At this stage of the development of private medicine in the Republic of Tajikistan, there is an increase in the number of private providers of medical services. Productive interaction between the public health system and private health care providers is essential for improving efficiency of care delivery to the population.","PeriodicalId":279998,"journal":{"name":"Social Aspects of Population Health","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125666868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}