{"title":"Air layer-engineered Cf@void@SiCnf composites for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Wenzhao Geng, Limeng Song, Yilin Liu, Haoyuan Lei, Peng Liang, Linan Wang, Hailong Wang, Yanqiu Zhu, Mi Tian, Rui Zhang, Zhiyu Min, Bingbing Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169149","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional carbon-based absorbers often suffer from poor impedance matching and limited loss mechanisms, which hinder their practical effectiveness. In this work, we propose a novel strategy that combines structural engineering with interfacial modulation to construct a hollow-structured composite, denoted as C<sub>f</sub>@void@SiC<sub>nf</sub>. This architecture consists of a C<sub>f</sub> core, a tunable air interlayer, and a shell of silicon carbide nanofibers (SiC<sub>nf</sub>), fabricated through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) followed by controlled oxidation. The introduction of an interfacial air layer between the carbon fiber core and SiC nanofibers significantly improved impedance matching and interfacial polarization. As a result, the composite achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) of −59.21 dB at 6.96 GHz (2.30 mm thickness) and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB<sub>max</sub>) of 2.48 GHz at 1.0 mm. Additionally, the air-layer architecture imparts improved thermal insulation, when placed on a 357.3 °C hot surface, the composite's outer surface remains as low as 128.8 °C (after 5 min), indicating its promise for multifunctional thermal management applications. This study highlights the critical role of structural tuning-especially air layer design-in developing impedance-matched, high-performance EMW absorbers.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulating electronic microenvironment of porous Ni(OH)2 by Ce and N codoping and its bifunctional catalyst for efficient urea-assisted water splitting","authors":"Xuyi Tao, Xu Wang, Chunzi Yang, Ming Zhao, Chao Wang, Chunmei Zhang, Jixue Lu, Shan Zhang, Ruguang Ma, Chunxian Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169448","url":null,"abstract":"Urea-assisted water splitting that involves urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can purify urea-rich wastewater and produce hydrogen, but the lack of efficient catalysts hampers its application. Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> is recognized as one of the most active electrocatalysts for UOR but the performance is hindered by the limited active sites with intrinsic activity. Herein, porous Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> nanosheets with Ce and N codoping (Ce, N<img alt=\"single bond\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>Ni (OH)<sub>2</sub>) are designed to regulate electrochemical microenvironment and used as a bifunctional catalyst for urea-assisted water splitting. The porous structure enhances the exposure of rich active sites, while the Ce, N-codoping optimizes the d band center of active Ni species and improves electron transport. <em>In-situ</em> Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculation disclose the real active sites are γ-NiOOH species generated during the UOR process and the regulated microenvironment promotes a shift in the rate-controlling step of the UOR from CONNH* dehydrogenation to CONHNH* dehydrogenation with a reduced thermodynamic barrier. As a result, the Ce, N-Ni(OH)₂ catalyst delivers excellent UOR activity with a low potential of 1.39 V at 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and a small Tafel slope of 18.4 mV dec<sup>−1</sup>, along with superior HER activity. The assembled urea-assisted electrolyzer achieves a low cell voltage of 1.49 V at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and maintains robust operational stability over 70 h. This work demonstrates a synergistic design strategy of porous structure and dual-element modulation, offering a new avenue for developing advanced catalysts in sustainable energy and environmental applications.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hierarchical Janus sponge evaporator functionalized with liquid-like PDMS molecular brushes for efficient and sustainable solar evaporation and electricity generation","authors":"Siying Guan, Taolin Zhang, Shouzheng Jiao, Rongxue Xi, Rui Ma, Chenshun Hu, Yuwei Hao, Zhicheng Sun, Zhongjun Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169479","url":null,"abstract":"To address the global challenges of freshwater scarcity and the growing demand for clean energy, we report a Janus-structured system based on a polyurethane (PU) sponge scaffold for efficient solar-driven desalination and electricity generation. Through sponge modification, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molecular brushes were integrated with a Janus structure to construct an asymmetric interface featuring a distinct wettability contrast. This design facilitated directional water transport and efficient steam escape pathways, while effectively suppressing contaminant adsorption and pore blockage. Consequently, the device exhibited enhanced solar energy conversion efficiency and effectively achieved simultaneous seawater desalination and electricity generation. Meanwhile, Conductivity measurements confirmed that the ion concentration in the collected freshwater remained consistently low, with Na<sup>+</sup> levels at 12.9 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> levels at 2.2 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>, both significantly below the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. In addition to desalination, the system also generated an open-circuit voltage of up to 0.5 V, and achieved a maximum evaporation rate of 4.86 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>. Long-term stability tests indicated a performance retention exceeding 90 %. These results highlight the significant potential of the fabricated evaporator for sustainable seawater desalination and energy co-generation.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meta-terahertz sensing: Metamaterial-enhanced rapid and efficient detection of food contaminants","authors":"Jingxiao Yu, Hongbin Pu, Da-Wen Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169480","url":null,"abstract":"Terahertz (THz) technology, capable of capturing molecular vibrational and rotational information, offers a promising approach for food contaminant detection. However, the inherently weak interaction between THz waves and low-concentration contaminants limits detection sensitivity. To address above issue, metamaterial THz (Meta-THz) sensors have been developed to amplify THz signals and improve sensitivity. Therefore, this review introduces the core elements of THz systems, followed by a detailed exposition of the fabrication process, sensor principles, and detection mechanisms of Meta-THz. Then, the review systematically summarizes recent advances in Meta-THz technology for detecting food contaminants including pesticides, antibiotics and toxins. Importantly, key methods and innovations are discussed, including the design of resonant layer structures, selection of dielectric materials, and data analysis strategies incorporating deep learning and physics-informed models. We highlight intrinsic approaches such as optimizing resonant layer conductivity, structure complexity, and dielectric properties and extrinsic approaches, including surface functionalization with recognition elements and external modulation, to achieve specific and selective contaminant identification. The review also examines major challenges in the field, including miniaturization, production optimization, tunable sensor performance, and advanced data analysis, and proposes potential solutions through hybrid materials, heterogeneous integration, intelligent sensing platforms and advanced computational strategies. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive and practical perspective on Meta-THz, offering guidance for future development of high-sensitivity, specific, and robust food contaminant detection systems.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ting Tan, Qianqian Cao, Ming-Hui Duan, Junmin Li, Yafeng Xie, Min Tan, Xiwu Yin, JiKai Wang, Weiguo Wang
{"title":"Atomic-shell engineering in manganese-doped palladium@iridium nanozymes: d-Band optimization for enhanced peroxidase-like activity in ultrasensitive lateral flow immunoassays","authors":"Ting Tan, Qianqian Cao, Ming-Hui Duan, Junmin Li, Yafeng Xie, Min Tan, Xiwu Yin, JiKai Wang, Weiguo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169492","url":null,"abstract":"Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) has been widely used in clinical diagnosis, food safety, and environmental protection due to the simple operation and high detection efficiency. However, the sensitivity of LFIA still falls short of the requirements when dealing with low levels of biomarkers. In this work, a type of manganese-doped core-shell nanozyme (Pd@Ir-Mn) with an ultrathin iridium (Ir) shell (~2 nm) was synthesized and utilized for the signal amplification of LFIA. By doping with other metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn), the d-band center of Ir was tuned. The relationship between the d-band center and the conversion coefficient followed a volcano plot, with Mn-doped Pd@Ir located at the peak of the volcano. The as-prepared Pd@Ir-Mn was finally applied to LFIA (HT-Pd@Ir-Mn-LFIA) for the detection of hCG, the sensitivity was improved by 41 times compared to the traditional gold nanoparticles based LFIA (AuNPs-LFIA). Moreover, this method exhibited good specificity, stability, precision, and accuracy, making it suitable for clinical detection.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhibing Wen, Rong Zhang, Yong Zhu, Hua Gao, Ran Zhao, Zhi Chen, Siyao Wang, Shuanglin He, Ya-Qiong Zhang, Rong-Zhen Liao, Fei Li
{"title":"Electrochemical and photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction to hydrocarbons by a copper-based molecular catalyst","authors":"Zhibing Wen, Rong Zhang, Yong Zhu, Hua Gao, Ran Zhao, Zhi Chen, Siyao Wang, Shuanglin He, Ya-Qiong Zhang, Rong-Zhen Liao, Fei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.168965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.168965","url":null,"abstract":"Electrocatalytic and photoelectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) to hydrocarbons remains a significant challenge, particularly for molecular catalysts that typically yield two-electron products like CO and HCOOH. Here, high selectivity toward CH<sub>4</sub> is achieved using a [Cu<sup>II</sup>(phen)<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sup>+</sup> (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) molecular catalyst immobilized on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in aqueous solution. At −1.42 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), the electrode drives partial current densities of −10.8 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> for CH<sub>4</sub> production from CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction, corresponding to a Faradaic efficiency of 50 %. This value is among the highest reported for molecular catalysts. Conventional characterization and in situ measurements are conducted to verify the molecular identity of [Cu<sup>II</sup>(phen)<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sup>+</sup>, with no observed formation of Cu nanoparticles. Mechanistic studies reveal the [Cu<sup>I</sup>(phen)(H<sub>2</sub>O)]<sup>+</sup> species as the active intermediate for CO<sub>2</sub> activation. Furthermore, an assembly of the [Cu<sup>II</sup>(phen)<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sup>+</sup> and CNTs on a Si|TiO<sub>2</sub> substrate is used to construct a molecular photocathode (Si|TiO<sub>2</sub>|CNT-[Cu<sup>II</sup>(phen)<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sup>+</sup>| [Cu<sup>II</sup>(phen)<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)]<sup>+</sup>) for photoelectrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction. The hybrid photocathode produces a photocurrent density of −5.7 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, achieving Faradaic efficiencies of 10 % and 5 % for CH<sub>4</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> production at −0.7 V vs. RHE, respectively. This represents the first example of photoelectrochemical CO<sub>2</sub>-to-hydrocarbons conversion employing a photocathode based on a low-cost molecular catalyst.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Life cycle assessment of hydrogen, electricity, and heat Co-production system based on chemical looping technology and SOFC","authors":"Mengxian Wang, Sheng Yang, Nan Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169112","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrogen industry encompasses various applications, including transportation, power generation, and energy storage, and this development trend poses higher requirements for future energy systems. It is necessary to design a hybrid system that integrates hydrogen, electricity, and heat production. To better evaluate this integration, this paper conducts a life cycle assessment of the hydrogen-electricity-heat cogeneration process based on the chemical looping technology and solid oxide fuel cell. In this study, the Gabi software is used for the modeling process. The impact assessment methods ReCiPe 2016 and IPCC are selected, including midpoint-endpoint analysis and GWP 100a analysis. The results show that by consuming biogas of 8.64E+08 kg, the electricity output and hydrogen generation are obtained as 6.58E+09 MJ and 1.14E+07 kg, respectively. The operation stage and the demolition stage contribute most to the improvement in environmental impacts, while the construction and transportation stages harm the environment. The chromium alloy, stainless steel 316, and copper in the construction stage cause significant damage to the environment. The electricity production during the operation phase is the decisive factor influencing the values of various environmental indicators. The endpoint values for ecosystem, human health, and resource utilization are −1.96E+03 species∙yr, −5.93E+05 DALY, and 4.09E+10 $, respectively.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michiel W.F. Van Cauwelaert, Lukas C. Buelens, Bert Depuydt, Tom Verspeelt, Bart Zaalberg, Mark Wolters, Hilde Poelman, Vladimir V. Galvita, Kevin M. Van Geem
{"title":"Pilot-scale investigation and reactor modelling of chemical looping reverse water-gas shift reaction: co- versus countercurrent operation","authors":"Michiel W.F. Van Cauwelaert, Lukas C. Buelens, Bert Depuydt, Tom Verspeelt, Bart Zaalberg, Mark Wolters, Hilde Poelman, Vladimir V. Galvita, Kevin M. Van Geem","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169524","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing climate change requires innovative approaches that can significantly reduce industrial carbon emissions while promoting the sustainable use of resources. This study investigates the chemical looping reverse water-gas shift reaction (CL-rWGS) in a kg-scale pilot reactor using iron oxide-based oxygen carriers, comparing cocurrent and countercurrent operational modes in terms of CO<sub>2</sub> conversion and reactor productivity, to reveal the extent of kinetic or thermodynamic limitations. Experimental results demonstrate that countercurrent operation consistently achieves higher average CO<sub>2</sub> conversions than cocurrent operation, reaching 46 % for a 20-min reduction duration, compared to 36 % in cocurrent mode. Notably, the countercurrent configuration temporarily surpasses the gas-phase equilibrium conversion of the rWGS reaction, while achieving a productivity rate of 2.9 mol<sub>CO</sub>/kg<sub>OC</sub>/h. The superior performance of countercurrent operation stems from the sequential interaction of CO<sub>2</sub> with Fe<sup>2+</sup> before Fe<sup>0</sup>, thereby ensuring more efficient utilization of the oxygen carrier. Additionally, lowering the oxidation half-cycle duration enhances the average CO<sub>2</sub> conversion. The experimental pilot reactor data is best described by a model in which (1) equilibrium constraints are applied to CO<sub>2</sub> conversion profiles and oxidation behavior, yielding equilibrium plateaus which dictate the conversion levels, and (2) kinetic limitations merely influence the transitioning rate between these equilibrium plateaus. The reactor model exhibits strong agreement with countercurrent experimental data, while deviations are observed in the cocurrent mode, likely due to mass transfer limitations or unaccounted reaction dynamics. Overall, this study highlights countercurrent operation as a promising strategy for optimizing CL-rWGS.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photocatalysis over CdS quantum dots/oxygen doped g-C3N4 Z-scheme heterojunction: Revealing the synergistic effects of quantum confinement effect, defect engineering, and Z-scheme mechanism","authors":"Qi Lv, Hao Lu, Xusheng Wang, Zhaoqiang Wang, Guixiang Ding, Ye Feng, Peng Wang, Qing Li, Haiyang Gao, Guangfu Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169496","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>), as an emerging visible-light-responsive semiconductor photocatalyst, has attracted considerable research interest in solar energy conversion technologies. Nevertheless, its practical implementation faces critical challenges including restricted light-harvesting capacity and inefficient charge carrier dynamics, which substantially compromise photocatalytic efficiency. To address these limitations, we propose a novel <em>Z</em>-scheme heterojunction (denoted as OCN/CdS) by strategically integrating cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) with defect-engineered oxygen-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanosheets (OCN). The designed architecture integrates quantum confinement effects from CdS QDs, tailored defect states in OCN, and interfacial electric field enhancement through <em>Z</em>-scheme charge transfer pathways. The optimized OCN/CdS-2 heterojunction exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity, achieving a tetracycline degradation rate (k<sub>app</sub>) of 0.031 min<sup>−1</sup> and a hydrogen evolution rate of 5270 μmol·g<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>. These values correspond to 3.4-fold and 21-fold improvements compared to pristine g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, respectively. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the OCN/CdS-2 <em>Z</em>-scheme heterojunction simultaneously maximizes active site exposure and establishes robust built-in electric fields at interfaces, which collectively suppress charge recombination while accelerating redox reaction kinetics. A strategic framework is proposed in this work for constructing enhanced-performance g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-based <em>Z</em>-scheme heterojunctions through multidimensional structural engineering strategies.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tian Zhang, Leang Yin, Zengyu Hui, Runrun Zhang, Jiayan Fu, Hai Xu, Jingbo Zhou, Wenteng Hou, Yi Yao, Jianing An, Hongqing Pan, Gengzhi Sun
{"title":"Biomimetic spinning of glassy ionogel fibers with tailorable mechanical properties for versatile applications","authors":"Tian Zhang, Leang Yin, Zengyu Hui, Runrun Zhang, Jiayan Fu, Hai Xu, Jingbo Zhou, Wenteng Hou, Yi Yao, Jianing An, Hongqing Pan, Gengzhi Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cej.2025.169443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.169443","url":null,"abstract":"Ionically conductive fibers are considered promising soft materials for flexible electronics; nevertheless, the insufficiency in mechanical properties prohibits their wide investigations and versatile applications. Although glassy polymers typically possess high tensile strength (10–100 MPa), it remains challenging to preserve their outstanding mechanical properties upon solvation and gelation. Moreover, appropriate technique for continuously spinning glassy ionogel fibers is still lacking. Herein, we propose a biomimetic spinning strategy for directly drawing glassy ionogel fibers with designable mechanical and electrical properties. Ionic liquids play critical roles as plasticizer and solvent cross-linker for regulating the rheological behavior of pre-polymerized dope and guaranteeing the success of continuous fiber spinning. The ionogel fibers exhibit tailorable tensile strength (from 1.44 to 61.51 MPa), Young's modulus (from 0.64 MPa to 3.08 GPa), extensibility (from 5.13 to 541.20 %) and toughness (from 1.43 to 60.27 MJ m<sup>−3</sup>), together with 98 % damping capacity, excellent transparency and optimal ionic conductivity of 4.67 × 10<sup>−2</sup> S m<sup>−1</sup>. These fibers can be woven to build an artificial cobweb with the capability for camouflage, capture, and sensing. Moreover, as proof-of-concept demonstrations, the ionogel fibers are further used for health control through monitoring physiological signals. We believe that this work opens up a viable route for convenient and scalable fabrication of glassy ionogel fibers with modulated properties for versatile applications.","PeriodicalId":270,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Journal","volume":"59 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}