Tulio Pereira Bitencourt, Fábio Luís Livi Ramos, S. Bampi
{"title":"High-Throughput and Low-Power Architectures for the AV1 Arithmetic Encoder","authors":"Tulio Pereira Bitencourt, Fábio Luís Livi Ramos, S. Bampi","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529994","url":null,"abstract":"With the emerging interest in video-on-demand systems, streaming service providers shall acclimate their systems to decrease the global Internet infrastructure impact caused by videos. Video coding standards are presented as a powerful but complex solution for this problem. Hence, to tackle these tools' complexity and allow a better codification flow, hardware designs arise as options for decreasing the bottleneck of video-on-demand systems. This paper presents a hardware architecture, named AE-AV1, that aims to entirely execute the arithmetic encoding process of the AV1 codec while achieving enough throughput rate for an ultra-high performance (i.e., 8K@120fps real-time codification). Moreover, this document also propounds the LP-AE-AV1 architecture, which represents a low-power version of the AE-AV1.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132601770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. O. Costa, A. Aita, Adilson J. Cardoso, C. Rodrigues, Jefferson Luiz B. Marques
{"title":"Exploration of a Low-power CMOS Voltage Squarer","authors":"V. O. Costa, A. Aita, Adilson J. Cardoso, C. Rodrigues, Jefferson Luiz B. Marques","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9530000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9530000","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses a reported voltage multiplier and explores its use as a voltage squarer with the aim of reducing the power consumption and area. The proposed circuit can operate with a maximum gain of -30.4 up 250kHz. These ones have also shown the total power consumption is about 501 nW at VDD= 1.8 V. In order to reduce the squarer sensitivity to process variations over corners, a bias circuit also sensitive to these variations was used to mitigate such effects. This was verified by pre- and post-layout simulations using transistor's models of standard 0.18 µ m CMOS process.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125241503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Edge Verification: Ensuring Correctness under Resource Constraints","authors":"R. Drechsler, Caroline Dominik","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529977","url":null,"abstract":"Verification is one of the central tasks in circuit and system design. Since the components are used in several safety critical applications, functional correctness has to be ensured. But due to the increasing complexity, complete verification can often not be guaranteed. As a result, modern verification approaches have to cope with limited resources available, like time or computational power of available machines. Analogously to edge computing, resources constraint computing has to be considered in the context of verification, called Edge Verification in the following. Concepts are presented that allow efficient verification. This might be either by self-verification, where the verification hardware is included in the fabricated device, or by polynomial verification, where the synthesis process is restricted to guarantee that the generated circuit can be verified in polynomial time. For the later one, a case study is given for efficient polynomial formal verification of totally symmetric functions with short delay.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128508297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 237 ppm/°C L-Band Active Inductance Based Voltage Controlled Oscillator in SOI 0.18 µm","authors":"J. R. O. R. Martins, F. Alves, Pietro M. Ferreira","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529990","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-frequency receivers have become a standard for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) applications. In smart vehicle applications, multi-frequency receivers need to work reliably in a large temperature variation. Even though literature has presented solutions for frequency stability over temperature, they usually rely on external control circuits or non-silicon solutions such as wide-bandgap materials or MEMS resonators, leading to higher production costs. This work proposes a temperature-aware design of an active-inductor-based, MOSFET only, voltage-controlled oscillator suitable for the L-Band. The temperature analysis is made based on a gm/ID methodology for the transistor biasing and MOSFET capacitors. Those analyses are validated from simulation models (-40 °C to 175 °C) and transistor measurements up to 200 °C. Monte-Carlo post-layout simulations present a mean first-order temperature coefficient of 237 ppm/°C and cover the entire L-Band.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127302623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Roberto Banin Júnior, R. A. de Lima Moreto, G. A. da Silva, C. Thomaz, S. Gimenez
{"title":"Optimizing a Robust Miller OTA Implemented with Diamond Layout Style for MOSFETs By Using iMTGSPICE","authors":"José Roberto Banin Júnior, R. A. de Lima Moreto, G. A. da Silva, C. Thomaz, S. Gimenez","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529991","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an innovative methodology to design and optimize robust analog Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) Integrated Circuits (ICs) with Diamond layout style (hexagonal gate shape) for Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), focusing on reducing their die areas and improving their electrical performances. The Miller CMOS Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) is used to validate this design and optimization approach by using a computational tool, which integrates the human intelligence (expertise of the designer) and the artificial intelligence (use an evolutionary optimization algorithm to search robust potential solutions quickly and accurately). The 180 nm CMOS ICs technology node was considered in this work. The Longitudinal Corner Effect (LCE) and Parallel Connections of MOSFETs with different channel Lengths Effect (PAMDLE) present in the Diamond MOSFET structure are analytically modeled to be simulated in the SPICE. In addition, the iMTGSPICE computation tool was improved with a new feature to automatically convert Conventional MOSFETs (CMs) into Diamond MOSFETs (DMs). The main results show that the Miller CMOS OTA implemented with DMs (ɑ= 45°) can reduce up to 43% of their die area, practically without impairing the design specifications and robustness (Corner and Monte Carlo Analyses) in comparison to the one implemented with CM counterparts. Furthermore, these results were obtained quickly, i.e., approximately 4 hours to obtain five different robust potential solutions available to the designer.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130590650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Vert, J. Bégueret, M. Pignol, F. Malou, V. Lebre, E. Moutaye
{"title":"Injection-Locked Ring Oscillator based Phase-Lacked-Loop for 1.6 Gbps Clock Recovery","authors":"D. Vert, J. Bégueret, M. Pignol, F. Malou, V. Lebre, E. Moutaye","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529969","url":null,"abstract":"This paper submits a proof of concept of an injection-locked Phase-Locked-Loop (PLL) in 180 nm CMOS technology. The target data rate is 1.6 Gbps with a supply voltage of 1.8 V. The architecture is based on an injection-locked ring oscillator implemented in a PLL that helps improving the oscillator jitter and thus the phase noise. In addition, a fully symmetrical XOR gate as phase detector allows to get a low phase noise while simplifying the design. This circuit achieves a phase noise of -119.1 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz and a jitter of 0.6 mUI with a reference frequency of 1.6 GHz. Post-layout simulation results show a PLL locking time with injection at 1.6 GHz of 20 ns while consuming 41.4 mW.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115936061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. D. da Rosa, P. D. da Costa, E. D. da Costa, S. Almeida, Guilherme Paim, S. Bampi
{"title":"A Robust and Power-Efficient Power Line Interference Canceling VLSI Design","authors":"M. D. da Rosa, P. D. da Costa, E. D. da Costa, S. Almeida, Guilherme Paim, S. Bampi","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529983","url":null,"abstract":"The electric generators functional performance is prone to suffer from harmonic distortions such as first, second, and third-order. This work proposes a low power dissipation VLSI hardware architecture for a robust power line interference canceling (PLIC). Our proposed Least Mean Square (LMS) architecture has just four clock cycles of latency per sample. The Harmonic Generator (HG) architectures are exploited and optimized in their arithmetic operations. We substituted conventional multiplier by adders and shifters, and used efficient and previously published squared multipliers. In particular, the Vedic multiplier architecture is proven to be an efficient alternative for use in the HG. Our VLSI synthesis results show that the proposed approach, combining the optimized adaptive filters LMS and HG's hardware architecture, turns the PLIC VLSI structure robust and power-efficient by effectively suppressing interferences in both ECG (Electrocardiogram) and EEG (Electroencephalo-gram) signals. Notably, the PLIC architecture is more efficient in the circuit area and power dissipation with the Vedic multiplier in the HG, with savings of up to 40% in total power and 15% in VLSI area, compared to the state-of-the-art solution.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114826742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Performance Design for the AV1 Multi - Alphabet Arithmetic Decoder","authors":"Jiovana Sousa Gomes, Fábio Luís Livi Ramos","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9529970","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of the last years, there has been increasing use of video streams over the Internet. Streaming videos over networks is expensive, as it takes finite resources and physical infrastructure. Hence, companies have been investing in new standards for video encoding with higher compression rates. The AV1 video encoding format was launched in 2018 by the Alliance for Open Media as an open-source and royalty-free format. This paper presents a hardware architecture named Multi-Alphabet Arithmetic Decoder (MaAD) for the first step of the decoder: the entropy decoding, more specifically, its kernel step, the arithmetic decoding block. AV1 uses a multi-alphabet approach of up to sixteen symbols, where the majority of them have different and dynamic probabilities of occurrence. The architecture was synthesized to ST 65nm library, requiring 34.3K gates, and achieved the frequency of 467MHz, with an estimated throughput of 766 Mbits/s, capable of 8K video processing at 60 frames per second. To the best of the authors' knowledge, MaAD is the first-ever academic design with detailed implementation targeting the AV1 arithmetic decoding step.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130344446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria D. Vieira, Ícaro G. S. Moreira, P. A. Silva, L. O. Luz, R. Ferreira, O. P. V. Neto, J. Nacif
{"title":"Novel Three-Input Gates for Silicon Quantum Dot","authors":"Maria D. Vieira, Ícaro G. S. Moreira, P. A. Silva, L. O. Luz, R. Ferreira, O. P. V. Neto, J. Nacif","doi":"10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9530002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI53441.2021.9530002","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic Silicon Quantum Dot (SQD) is a prominent alternative to the current Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) transistor due to the low energy consumption and high integration potential. This emerging technology applies Silicon Dangling Bonds (DBs) that behave similarly to quantum-dots. Moreover, it does not require cryogenic temperatures, unlike other quantum-dot-based approaches. This paper proposes two novel 3-input gates, ORAND(x, y, z): = x ^ (y V z) and ANDOR(x, y, z): = x ^ y V z. Hence, we compare these 3-input designs with the equivalent circuits composed of 2-input gates. We use the state-of-the-art simulator, named SiQAD, to design and validate our experiments. Our main contribution is the novel 3-input gate designs that provide area and energy reductions. We achieve an average of 53% energy savings for all 3-input gates compared to the equivalent circuit built with 2-input gates.","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133679105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design [Front matter]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/sbcci53441.2021.9529995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sbcci53441.2021.9529995","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270661,"journal":{"name":"2021 34th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122587499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}