{"title":"A kernel-based approach for functional test program generation","authors":"Po-Hsien Chang, Li-C. Wang, J. Bhadra","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699216","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a kernel-based functional test program generation approach for microprocessor test and verification. The fundamental idea in this approach is to select high quality test programs before the simulation from a large number of biased random test programs. Unlike a direct test program generation approach, a selection approach demands much less domain knowledge and intervention from its user for achieving a similar coverage goal, making it more applicable for scenarios targeting on different coverage objectives. We will demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of such an approach through performing experiments on a MIPS processor design.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128233064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Wu, L. Dilillo, A. Bosio, P. Girard, S. Pravossoudovitch, A. Virazel, M. Tehranipoor, K. Miyase, X. Wen, N. Ahmed
{"title":"Is test power reduction through X-filling good enough?","authors":"F. Wu, L. Dilillo, A. Bosio, P. Girard, S. Pravossoudovitch, A. Virazel, M. Tehranipoor, K. Miyase, X. Wen, N. Ahmed","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699297","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the reasons why test power reduction through X-filling techniques works well for cycle-average power reduction but is not so efficient concerning instantaneous peak power reduction.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127663485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mutation-based diagnostic test generation for hardware design error diagnosis","authors":"Shujun Deng, K. Cheng, Jinian Bian, Zhiqiu Kong","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699307","url":null,"abstract":"We propose the use of mutation-based error injection to guide the generation of high-quality diagnostic test patterns. A software-based fault localization technique is employed to derive a ranked candidate list of suspect statements. Experimental results for a set of Verilog designs demonstrate that a finer diagnostic resolution can be achieved by patterns generated by the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126779124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automated test program generation for automotive devices","authors":"A. Drappa, Peter Huber, Jon Vollmar","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699253","url":null,"abstract":"A code generator is developed to produce automotive ATE programs from a tester-independent test specification. Requirements and features of the specification interface which were necessary for successful automated program generation are discussed. Generated tests are evaluated on tester hardware and found to be production-worthy. Results and advantages of the approach are observed in practice.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133583610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shadow checker (SC): A low-cost hardware scheme for online detection of faults in small memory structures of a microprocessor","authors":"Rance Rodrigues, S. Kundu, O. Khan","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699222","url":null,"abstract":"At various stages of a product life, faults arise from different sources. During product bring up, logic errors are dominant. During production, manufacturing defects are main concerns while during operation, the concern shifts to aging defects. No matter what the source is, debugging such defects may permit logic, circuit or physical design changes to eliminate them in future. Within a processor chip, there are three broad categories of structures, namely the large memory structures such as caches, small memory structures such as reorder buffer, issue queue, and load-store buffers and the data-path. Most control functions and data steering operations are based on small memory structures and they are hard to debug. In this paper, we propose a lightweight hardware scheme, called shadow checker to detect faults in these critical units. The entries in these units are tested by means of a shadow entry that mimics intended operation. A mismatch traps an error. The shadow checker shadows an entry for a few thousand cycles before moving on to shadow another. This scheme can be employed to test chips during silicon debug, manufacturing test as well as during regular operation. We ran experiments on 13 SPEC2000 benchmarks and found that our scheme detects 100% of inserted faults.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129702339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Post-production performance calibration in analog/RF devices","authors":"Nathan Kupp, He Huang, P. Drineas, Y. Makris","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699225","url":null,"abstract":"In semiconductor device fabrication, continual demand for high performance, high yield devices has caused designers to look to post-production tunable circuits as the next logical step in analog/RF design and test development. These approaches have not yet achieved the maturity necessary for industrial adoption, primarily due to complexity and cost. In this work, we develop a general model which systematically outlines several key observations constraining the complexity of performance calibration in analog/RF devices. Moreover, we develop a detailed cost model permitting direct comparison of performance calibration methods to industry standard specification testing. Our analysis is demonstrated on a tunable RF LNA device simulated in 0.18µm RFCMOS.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129960001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Foutris, M. Psarakis, D. Gizopoulos, A. Apostolakis, X. Vera, Antonio González
{"title":"MT-SBST: Self-test optimization in multithreaded multicore architectures","authors":"N. Foutris, M. Psarakis, D. Gizopoulos, A. Apostolakis, X. Vera, Antonio González","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699277","url":null,"abstract":"Instruction-based or software-based self-testing (SBST) is a scalable functional testing paradigm that has gained increasing acceptance in testing of single-threaded uniprocessors. Recent computer architecture trends towards chip multiprocessing and multithreading have raised new challenges in the test process. In this paper, we present a novel self-test optimization strategy for multithreaded, multicore microprocessor architectures and apply it to both manufacturing testing (execution from on-chip cache memory) and post-silicon validation (execution from main memory) setups. The proposed self-test program execution optimization aims to: (a) take maximum advantage of the available execution parallelism provided by multiple threads and multiple cores, (b) preserve the high fault coverage that single-thread execution provides for the processor components, and (c) enhance the fault coverage of the thread-specific control logic of the multithreaded multiprocessor. The proposed multithreaded (MT) SBST methodology generates an efficient multithreaded version of the test program and schedules the resulting test threads into the hardware threads of the processor to reduce the overall test execution time and on the same time to increase the overall fault coverage. We demonstrate our methodology in the OpenSPARC T1 processor model which integrates eight CPU cores, each one supporting four hardware threads. MT-SBST methodology and scheduling algorithm significantly speeds up self-test time at both the core level (3.6 times) and the processor level (6.0 times) against single-threaded execution, while at the same time it improves the overall fault coverage. Compared with straightforward multithreaded execution, it reduces the self-test time at both the core level and the processor level by 33% and 20%, respectively. Overall, MT-SBST reaches more than 91% stuck-at fault coverage for the functional units and 88% for the entire chip multiprocessor, a total of more than 1.5M logic gates.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128761908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A programmable BIST for DRAM testing and diagnosis","authors":"P. Bernardi, M. Grosso, M. Reorda, Y. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699247","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a programmable Built-In Self-Test (BIST) approach for DRAM test and diagnosis. The proposed architecture suits well for embedded core testing as well as for stacked and stand-alone DRAMs and it provides programmability features for executing both March and NPSF-oriented test algorithms. The proposed BIST structure is designed to be easily customized with memory topology parameters such as scrambling and mirroring, in order to automatically adapt the test circuitry to the specific memory design. Experimental results show that area overhead is negligible when considering medium-large memory cuts, while executing at-speed and Back-to-Back algorithms at more than 1GHz.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128881468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kochte, Christian G. Zoellin, R. Baranowski, M. Imhof, H. Wunderlich, N. Hatami, S. Carlo, P. Prinetto
{"title":"System reliability evaluation using concurrent multi-level simulation of structural faults","authors":"M. Kochte, Christian G. Zoellin, R. Baranowski, M. Imhof, H. Wunderlich, N. Hatami, S. Carlo, P. Prinetto","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699309","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a methodology that leverages state-of-the-art techniques for efficient fault simulation of structural faults together with transaction level modeling. This way it is possible to accurately evaluate the impact of the faults on the entire hardware/software system.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125327633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ted Hong, Yanjing Li, Sung-Boem Park, Diana Mui, David C. Lin, Ziyad Abdel Kaleq, N. Hakim, Helia Naeimi, Donald S. Gardner, S. Mitra
{"title":"QED: Quick Error Detection tests for effective post-silicon validation","authors":"Ted Hong, Yanjing Li, Sung-Boem Park, Diana Mui, David C. Lin, Ziyad Abdel Kaleq, N. Hakim, Helia Naeimi, Donald S. Gardner, S. Mitra","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699215","url":null,"abstract":"Long error detection latency, the time elapsed between the occurrence of an error caused by a bug and its manifestation as a system-level failure, is a major challenge in post-silicon validation of robust systems. In this paper, we present a new technique called Quick Error Detection (QED), which transforms existing post-silicon validation tests into new validation tests that significantly reduce error detection latency. QED transformations allow flexible tradeoffs between error detection latency, coverage, and complexity, and can be implemented in software with little or no hardware changes. Results obtained from hardware experiments on quad-core Intel® Core™ i7 hardware platforms and from simulations on a multi-core MIPS processor design demonstrate that: 1. QED significantly improves error detection latencies by six orders of magnitude, i.e., from billions of cycles to a few thousand cycles or less. 2. QED transformations do not degrade the coverage of validation tests as estimated empirically by measuring the maximum operating frequencies over a wide range of operating voltage points. 3. QED tests improve coverage by detecting errors that escape the original non-QED tests.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125382031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}