{"title":"Design and test of latch-based circuits to maximize performance, yield, and delay test quality","authors":"K. Chung, S. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699209","url":null,"abstract":"The performance benefits of latch-based circuits have been known for some time. These benefits are due to the timing flexibility and skew-tolerance enabled by the ability of combinational logic blocks to borrow time from each other across the intervening level-sensitive latches. It has also been known that, by accommodating higher levels of process variations and small delay-defects, time borrowing can enhance yield at high clock frequencies. The main roadblock was that conventional scan-based delay testing approaches cannot be adapted from flip-flop-based (FF-based) circuits to latch-based circuits in a manner that can harvest above benefits. Recently, a scan-based delay testing approach has been proposed for latch-based circuits which holds the promise of harvesting the abovementioned performance and yield benefits. In this paper, we investigate two main questions. First, can this new scan-based delay testing approach provide high coverage of delay faults for all latch-based circuits- independent of the pervasiveness of time borrowing? Second, how do we design the circuit and develop tests so as to harvest maximal performance and yield benefits? We prove that the above delay testing approach for latch-based circuits obtains the maximum path delay fault coverage possible for any scan-based test methodology and this test quality is always greater than (or equal to) that obtainable for the corresponding FF-based circuit. We derive the conditions to satisfy during design and test development to guarantee maximal performance and yield benefits of latch-based designs vs. their FF-based counterparts. Hence, we show for the first time that it is possible for latch-based circuits to provide higher performance and yield and also to certify the higher performance via high delay test quality.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130362682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clock control architecture and ATPG for reducing pattern count in SoC designs with multiple clock domains","authors":"T. Waayers, R. Morren, X. Lin, M. Kassab","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699211","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a clock control architecture for designs with multiple clock domains, and a novel mix of existing ATPG techniques as well as novel ATPG enhancements. The combination of the ATPG techniques and the clock control hardware lowers the number of test patterns in a fully automated flow, while maintaining the high coverage that is required nowadays by production test. Experimental results are shown for two industrial designs.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132115257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experiences with parametric BIST for production testing PLLs with picosecond precision","authors":"Rakesh Kinger, Swetha Narasimhawsamy, S. Sunter","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699243","url":null,"abstract":"PLLs generate clocks for the core logic in many ICs. As frequencies increase above 500 MHz, jitter and duty cycle error become significant and more likely to affect logic function. Measuring these parameters off-chip can be too expensive or impractical. This paper describes how a PLL BIST is being implemented in production ICs to test jitter, duty cycle, phase delay, frequency ratio, and lock time. It discusses some of the implementation problems and lessons, and how characterization was performed using a PC with graphical test generation software and off-the-shelf reference clock sources to produce production test patterns. Results for a test chip are included, demonstrating that calibrated, picosecond-precision measurements are now practical for production test.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130964966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A high linearity compact timing vernier for CMOS timing generator","authors":"Jun Kohno, Tatsuro Akiyama, D. Kato, M. Imamura","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699174","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a novel timing vernier for a high integration CMOS timing generator of Automatic Test Equipment (ATE). To reduce area and power, the proposed timing vernier utilizes the charge injection architecture. An 893ps span, 7ps resolution timing vernier is fabricated in a 0.18µm CMOS process. We achieved a linearity error of 4.2ps pp without calibration. The timing vernier occupies an area of 0.042mm2 and dissipates a power of 16mW from a 1.8V supply at an operating frequency of 373MHz. Using this timing vernier, we realized a 1.12Gbps timing generator. The chip size is 6.2 × 6.2mm2. It consumes 2.1W from a 1.8V supply. The temperature coefficient and the supply voltage dependency are +2.0ps/°C, −0.2ps/mV respectively. The timing jitter is 17ps pp.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130489101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation techniques of frequency-dependent I/Q imbalances in wideband quadrature mixers","authors":"Koji Asami, Toshiaki Kurihara, Yushi Inada","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699223","url":null,"abstract":"As bandwidths of digital wireless communications get wider, it is essential to evaluate the I/Q imbalances among quadrature mixer ports in terms of the mismatch characteristics of the analog components in the I and Q paths and the carrier phase offset. This paper describes a technique to evaluate frequency-dependent I/Q imbalances and carrier phase offset in wideband quadrature mixers. Using an SSB stimulus, the response of a DUT with imbalances is modeled mathematically, and an identification algorithm using a unique input stimulus is constructed. The validity of this technique is confirmed using an actual WiMAX transceiver on an ATE.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128332491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Highly efficient parallel ATPG based on shared memory","authors":"X. Cai, P. Wohl, J. Waicukauski, Pramod Notiyath","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699236","url":null,"abstract":"To leverage the computing power of multicore machines in ATPG, we developed a highly efficient parallel ATPG system based on dynamic fault partition and shared memory. The system takes advantage of built-in efficiency of parallel search to achieve good performance speedup with no sacrifices in pattern quality or test coverage.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127079900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chen-Wei Lin, Hung-Hsin Chen, Hao-Yu Yang, M. Chao, Rei-Fu Huang
{"title":"Fault models and test methods for subthreshold SRAMs","authors":"Chen-Wei Lin, Hung-Hsin Chen, Hao-Yu Yang, M. Chao, Rei-Fu Huang","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699245","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing demand of an extra-low-power system, a great amount of research effort has been spent in the past to develop an effective and economic subthreshold-SRAM design. However, the test methods regarding those newly developed subthreshold-SRAM designs have not yet been fully discussed. In this paper, we first categorize the subthreshold-SRAM designs into three types, study the faulty behavior of different open defects for each type of designs, and then identify the faults which may or may not be covered by a traditional SRAM test method. For those hard-to-detect faults, we will further discuss the corresponding test method according to different each type of subthreshold-SRAM designs. At last, a discussion about the temperature at test will also be provided.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134359162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complete testing of receiver jitter tolerance","authors":"T. Lyons","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699175","url":null,"abstract":"Devices incorporating high-speed digital receivers must tolerate timing instability. The ability of the receiver to correctly place a receive strobe within the data valid region of a bit fundamentally determines the bit error rate performance for a design or a particular device. The device must meet its performance requirements in the presence of non-ideal timing. Timing irregularities can be introduced from additive non-deterministic noise sources injecting random jitter (Rj); deterministic distortion such as a limited channel bandwidth injecting data dependent jitter (DDj) or circuit oscillations and coupled clocks injecting periodic jitter (Pj).","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133077237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hard to find, easy to find systematics; just find them","authors":"R. Desineni, L. Pastel, M. Kassab, Robert Redburn","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699240","url":null,"abstract":"In a manufacturing organization, every morning starts with the question: what is the yield today? The cost of wafer manufacturing being fairly constant, product yield is one of the most significant variables for profitability. With the yield paretos increasingly dominated by systematic defects, yield learning based on product test is fast becoming a fundamental requirement. For an integrated device manufacturer like IBM, product-based yield learning is even more critical as this drives technology learning as well. In this paper, we will present some of IBM's yield learning techniques and several case studies from high-volume manufacturing. These techniques extend from test data analysis, to analysis of scan-based product diagnosis results, to detailed layout analysis in conjunction with test, diagnosis and inline defect inspection data. We will discuss the increasing levels of complexity associated with the various techniques and argue that an effective yield learning strategy must comprise all of the above.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131370930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dat Tran, L. Winemberg, D. Carder, X. Lin, Joe LeBritton, B. Swanson
{"title":"Detecting and diagnosing open defects","authors":"Dat Tran, L. Winemberg, D. Carder, X. Lin, Joe LeBritton, B. Swanson","doi":"10.1109/TEST.2010.5699303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2010.5699303","url":null,"abstract":"One of the common failures found in manufactured ICs are interconnect opens. While stuck-at and transition fault automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) patterns can detect open defects, these fault models do not catch all of them. This poster describes a project and research with a new open fault model to supplement the others. The project consists of many parts that target specific types of known open defects.","PeriodicalId":265156,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Test Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123901461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}