CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120331
Camélia Matei Ghimbeu , Adrian Beda , Cyril Vaulot
{"title":"Understanding the hard carbon's closed pore formation and Na-ion storage beyond the first charge/discharge cycle","authors":"Camélia Matei Ghimbeu , Adrian Beda , Cyril Vaulot","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lack of accurate determination of hard carbon's (HC) open and closed pores, but also the systematic analysis of only the first charge/discharge cycle, in half-cells, impedes understanding of Na-ions storage. Therefore, a combined approach based on the adsorption of multiple gases (N<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>) and He density is proposed to understand the HC's open porosity evolution and closed pores formation during pyrolysis. At 900 °C the pores are completely open, they partially close in the range of ∼1100–1300 °C, and completely close starting from 1500 °C. The narrower pores (<0.7 nm) close firstly, with the formation of few larger open pores and plenty of closed pores, which increase with temperature. Examination of property-performance relationships from both 1st and 2nd cycles, revealed that the 1st cycle sloping capacity increases with open porosity, O-functional groups and defects, and is associated not only with reversible Na-storage but also with irreversible reactions (SEI formation). On the contrary, the 2nd cycle is only linked with reversible Na-storage, and an optimal property threshold was established. The plateau capacity was found to increase with the increase in graphitic domains and closed pores, no matter the cycle. These findings suggest an adsorption-insertion-filling mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 120331"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120326
Ting Ding , Xupu Jiang , Jiaxin Quan , Rui Wang , Wanfei Li , Min Li , Chuntao Lan , Wujun Ma , Meifang Zhu
{"title":"Scalable fabrication of hierarchically porous graphene fibers via hydrothermal self-assembly and GO-assisted wet-spinning for high-performance flexible supercapacitors","authors":"Ting Ding , Xupu Jiang , Jiaxin Quan , Rui Wang , Wanfei Li , Min Li , Chuntao Lan , Wujun Ma , Meifang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The scalable fabrication of porous graphene fibers remains a critical challenge in developing flexible supercapacitors, particularly in maintaining structural homogeneity and consistent electrochemical performance during scale-up processes. Here, we demonstrate a scalable synthesis strategy that combines hydrothermal self-assembly pretreatment with a graphene oxide (GO)-assisted wet-spinning technique to fabricate hierarchically porous graphene fibers. Through this approach, GO serves dual functions as both a dispersant for hydrogel fragments and a binder for enhancing inter-fragment connections, enabling precise control over the formation of multi-scale porous architectures while preserving high specific surface area (96.1 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>). The as-fabricated fiber-based supercapacitor exhibits superior electrochemical performances, achieving a volumetric capacitance of 36.5 F cm<sup>−3</sup> at 0.05 A cm<sup>−3</sup>, coupled with exceptional rate capability (maintaining 19.6 F cm<sup>−3</sup> at 10 A cm<sup>−3</sup>) and remarkable cycling stability. The device also demonstrates outstanding mechanical durability, maintaining 95.1 % of their initial capacitance after 20,000 bending cycles. Significantly, comprehensive scalability studies reveal that the fiber supercapacitors maintain consistent electrochemical characteristics as their length increases from 1 to 100 cm, with a stable linear capacitance of 21.1 mF cm<sup>−1</sup> at 100 cm length. These findings establish a promising pathway for the industrial-scale production of high-performance graphene fiber-based supercapacitors for next-generation wearable electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120326"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120327
Nian Wang , Xiaopeng An , Yikun Chen , Huichao Rao , Kai Nan , Yan Wang
{"title":"Double-carbon hierarchical engineering toward hetero-interfaces induced polarization and defect excitation","authors":"Nian Wang , Xiaopeng An , Yikun Chen , Huichao Rao , Kai Nan , Yan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A key strategy for achieving effective electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption in multicomponent composites involves rational structural design and elemental doping. Here, a hybrid MoSe<sub>2</sub>/NiSe<sub>2</sub>@C@PC absorber with multiple heterogeneous interfaces is fabricated using a simple hydrothermal method followed by high-temperature pyrolysis. Density-functional theory reveals that the differences in work function among the different components facilitate the successful construction of multiple heterostructures, specifically MoSe<sub>2</sub>/NiSe<sub>2</sub>, NiSe<sub>2</sub>/C, and MoSe<sub>2</sub>/C. Additionally, the calculated differential charge density (DCD) further describes the inhomogeneous distribution of space charge at the heterojunctions and highlights the pronounced heterogeneous interfacial polarization in MoSe<sub>2</sub>/NiSe<sub>2</sub>@C@PC. Notably, the defects induced by Se doping in the hybrid serve as polarization centers, enhancing dipolar polarization and thereby promoting the dissipation of EMW energy. Thanks to the outstanding component design of MoSe<sub>2</sub>/NiSe<sub>2</sub>@C@PC, it not only demonstrates favorable microwave absorption performance but also retains superior stability in simulated seawater, enhancing its corrosion resistance. Specifically, MoSe<sub>2</sub>/NiSe<sub>2</sub>@C@PC achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) of −55.1 dB at 2.4 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of up to 6.0 GHz at 2 mm. In practical military stealth technology, MoSe<sub>2</sub>/NiSe<sub>2</sub>@C@PC exhibits remarkable potential, as evidenced by radar cross-section calculations. This research illustrates a feasible multi-heterostructure design and the incorporation of polarization elements in magnetoelectric composites for effective EMW absorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120327"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120318
Songhe Zhang , Cheng Han , Yongshou Wang , Xiaoshan Zhang , Fanqi Jin , Shanshan Wang , Tao Liu , Hongyi Chen , Yingde Wang
{"title":"Carbon nanotubes-induced in-situ crystallization of silicon carbide fibers for promoted high temperature resistance","authors":"Songhe Zhang , Cheng Han , Yongshou Wang , Xiaoshan Zhang , Fanqi Jin , Shanshan Wang , Tao Liu , Hongyi Chen , Yingde Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SiC fibers, widely used in the aerospace and nuclear fields, have been researched primarily for their high-temperature resistance. However, SiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> composite phase thermal decomposition primarily contributes to SiC fiber corrosion and degeneration. To address this problem, we proposed a novel strategy based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) inducing <em>in-situ</em> crystallization of SiC during the pyrolysis of SiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub>. We performed theoretical calculations to analyze the SiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> composite phase thermal decomposition process and investigated the impact of bonding between different sites on the MWCNTs and SiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub>. Calculations showed that the sp<sup>3</sup> site on the MWCNTs could induce SiC<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub> phase conversion to SiC grains and <em>in-situ</em> crystallization to enable the improved high-temperature resistance of SiC fibers. Through experiments, the number of SiC grains was increased considerably, and their size was effectively suppressed. As a result, the strength retention of the 0.05 %-MWCNTs/SiC composite fibers rose from 15.7 % to 50.3 %, representing a 220 % increase after annealing at 1600 °C. Significantly, 0.05 %-MWCNTs/SiC composite fibers could still maintain their original morphology even after annealing at 1800 °C. Consequently, MWCNTs-induced SiC <em>in-situ</em> crystallization exhibits significant potential for improving the high temperature resistance of ceramic fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120318"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120324
Marc Florent , Romain Dupuis , Katerina Ioannidou , Roland J.M. Pellenq , Teresa J. Bandosz
{"title":"Insight into the effect of electrolyte ions docked in subnanopores of metal-free carbon cathode on the ORR activity","authors":"Marc Florent , Romain Dupuis , Katerina Ioannidou , Roland J.M. Pellenq , Teresa J. Bandosz","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We combined electrocatalytic measurements to reactive dynamics and meta-dynamics simulations in voltage-polarized conditions to better understand the mechanism of metal-free nanoporous-carbon-assisted-O<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction (ORR) in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte. We use a reactive constant voltage simulation framework to show that the surface in pores larger than 1 nm can be sufficiently polarized to induce O<sub>2</sub> dissociation as experimentally observed. Simulations showed that at 0V, pH = 13 reduces a free energy barrier for O<sub>2</sub> adsorption inside sub-nanopores (pores less than 1 nm) and at 0.7V vs. RHE potential of a cathode O<sub>2</sub> splitting occurs, leading to OH<sup>−</sup> formation in these pores and also in larger pores. ORR in these latter environments is induced by a strong and global surface electrostatic field that is the consequence of the ion docking in sub-nanopores. The applied voltage causes cations to enter the pores only partially hydrated or bare. Their docking increases the charge on carbon atoms, and when O<sub>2</sub> is in their proximity it splits. Overall, combining the simulation results with experimental ones suggests that the extent of metal-free nanoporous-carbon-assisted O<sub>2</sub> reduction is affected by the amount of sub-nanopores. Surface chemistry/some level of carbon hydrophilicity in larger pores is also important since it affects the electrolyte and oxygen transport to these subnanopores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120324"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120322
Xuan Liu , Zhao Kong , Minmin Yuan , Guanghui Xu , Ruicheng Cao , Ana Xu , Peng Wan , Yifeng Xia , Hong Jin , Hui Xu
{"title":"Three dimensional topological porous carbon/carbon nanotube/graphene matrix decorated with CoFe alloy for lithium sulfur batteries","authors":"Xuan Liu , Zhao Kong , Minmin Yuan , Guanghui Xu , Ruicheng Cao , Ana Xu , Peng Wan , Yifeng Xia , Hong Jin , Hui Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a potential replacement of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have high theoretical energy density and long cycle life. However, the poor conductivity of sulfur and Li<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>/Li<sub>2</sub>S, the shuttle effect of polysulfides and sluggish conversion kinetics have been the hindrance to the development of LSBs. Here, CoFe-nitrogen-doped carbon tubes & hierarchical porous carbon @ graphene oxide (CoFe-NCNT&HC@GO) is proposed to improve the conductivity, mitigate the shuttle effect and enhance the electrochemical kinetics of sulfur electrode. By applying such a three-dimensional topological matrix as a sulfur host and separator modifier, the as-prepared LSB reaches a high capacity of 1130 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 130 cycles at a current density of 2 A g<sup>−1</sup>; After 500 cycles, the capacity remains around 900 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> with an average coulombic efficiency of 99.8 % and a capacity fade rate of 0.062 % per cycle. The results demonstrates that this 3D matrix exhibits strong structural stability, high electrical conductivity, and efficient catalytic ability, and it provides a potential solution for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120322"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120323
Qianqian Yin , Moyi Wang , Xiaoxun Zhu , Xiaoxia Gao , Ruikun Wang , Zhenghui Zhao
{"title":"Research on the production and characteristics of carbon materials with high CO2 adsorption performance: Based on machine learning and dung beetle optimizer methods","authors":"Qianqian Yin , Moyi Wang , Xiaoxun Zhu , Xiaoxia Gao , Ruikun Wang , Zhenghui Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive CO<sub>2</sub> emissions have caused global climate change, leading to significant environmental impacts. Porous carbon materials are promising for CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption due to their high capacity and selectivity. Machine learning (ML) is a valuable tool in the search for ideal carbon materials for CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption. This study employs various machine learning (ML) methods to predict CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity and examine the influence of carbon material characteristics. Results reveal that the pore structure, particularly micropore volume, significantly impacts CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption more than elemental composition. Subsequently, the impact of biomass feedstock properties and experimental conditions on the CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity of the resulting carbon materials were explored. The content of hydrogen (H) in biomass feedstocks, the ratio of activating agents, and the activation temperature are the three most significant factors affecting the micropore volume of the carbon materials, which then influences the CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption performance. The optimal experimental conditions for the preparation of carbon materials with high CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption performance were determined by combining the Dung Beetle Optimizer(DBO) algorithm with machine learning methods. The integration of these approaches can effectively guide the synthesis of carbon materials for CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120323"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120297
Xinyu Miao , Jie He , Haiyang Zhai , Zhiqiang Wu , Youji Li , Zhiliang Jin
{"title":"Adjustment the donor-acceptor COFs structure enhances the electron push-pull effect to induce electron transfer to Pt site and improve photocatalytic hydrogen evolution","authors":"Xinyu Miao , Jie He , Haiyang Zhai , Zhiqiang Wu , Youji Li , Zhiliang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is a pivotal approach towards achieving sustainable development and carbon neutrality. However, the limited light absorption capacity, sluggish electron transfer rate, and rapid electron-hole recombination efficiency often impede the advancement and practical implementation of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution technology. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are comprised of diverse molecular units and exhibit exceptional designability and topological properties. Notably, the cyclic chain structure synthesized from donor (D) and acceptor (A) units has achieved significant advancements in photocatalysis due to its superior design flexibility and enhanced photogenerated electron transport capabilities. In this study, 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)triazine (TAPT) and 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) were employed as receptors to design a series of donor-acceptor (D-A) covalent organic frameworks using aldehyde from 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxaldehyde and aldehyde from 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde as donors. The donor-acceptor structure of the COF was modified by altering the incorporation of hydroxyl groups and nitrogen elements. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of COF was further improved by significantly changing the light absorption capacity and surface electron distribution of COF when the reduction site was adjusted. Building upon this foundation, ascorbic acid was introduced to protonate the imide bond of COF, thereby further enhancing its photocatalytic hydrogen evolution ability. On this basis, the cocatalyst platinum (Pt) is further incorporated into the system, enabling the stable transfer of electrons to Pt. As a result, Pt functions as the active reduction site, thereby enhancing the catalytic reduction performance. Through experimental study and first-principles calculation analysis, the change of COF structure can adjust its light absorption capacity and energy band structure, and effectively improve the photogenerated electron transport capacity. Therefore, designing covalent organic frameworks with adjustable structures between donors and recipients emerges as a promising approach for optimizing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120297"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-11DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120317
Yuting Tang , Lai-Peng Ma , Keqiang Ji , Tiannan Han , Jiajun Xu , Wencai Ren
{"title":"Uniform growth of AB-stacked bilayer graphene single crystal by cyclic segregation/dissolution","authors":"Yuting Tang , Lai-Peng Ma , Keqiang Ji , Tiannan Han , Jiajun Xu , Wencai Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-area growth of AB-stacked bilayer graphene (AB-BLG) single crystal is fundamental for realizing its application in next-generation electronic, optoelectronic and spintronic devices. However, it is difficult to grow uniform bilayer single crystal graphene with complete AB-stacking and full coverage on the low-cost and scalable metal foils. Here, we report a cyclic segregation/dissolution strategy for growing uniform AB-BLG single crystal on the single-crystal Cu/Ni(111) foil. The positive correlation between the carbon solubility in solid metals and temperature was used to realize the reversible growth and etching of graphene for tailoring its structural uniformity. Thus-prepared single-crystal BLG film shows the high bilayer coverage and AB-stacking with the electrical property comparable to that of exfoliated ones. Our strategy provides some useful references for developing precise growth methodology of graphene and other two-dimensional materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120317"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CarbonPub Date : 2025-04-10DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120319
Laís H.S. Vieira , Maria K. Ramos , Ariane Schmidt , Amanda F. Pereira , Bruno S. Araújo , Carlos H.N. Cordeiro , Francisco H. Soares Júnior , Amauri J. Paula , João M. Soares , Pierre B.A. Fechine , Anupama Ghosh , Antonio G. Souza Filho , Aldo J.G. Zarbin , Odair P. Ferreira
{"title":"Thin films from agroindustrial waste via liquid/liquid interfacial route: a proposal for sustainable energy storage materials","authors":"Laís H.S. Vieira , Maria K. Ramos , Ariane Schmidt , Amanda F. Pereira , Bruno S. Araújo , Carlos H.N. Cordeiro , Francisco H. Soares Júnior , Amauri J. Paula , João M. Soares , Pierre B.A. Fechine , Anupama Ghosh , Antonio G. Souza Filho , Aldo J.G. Zarbin , Odair P. Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current research develops sustainable carbonaceous materials from sugarcane bagasse for energy storage applications. Hydrothermal carbonization was employed, with and without iron (III) as an additive, followed by thermochemical activation. Comphehensive characterization was conducted to assess the physicochemical and magnetic properties of the carbonaceous materials, as well as the morphology and volumetric capacitance (<em>Cv</em>) of the thin films prepared via the liquid-liquid interfacial route (LLIR). The incorporation of iron (III) led to Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and <em>α</em>-Fe nanoparticles formation within the carbonaceous matrix, though this encapsulation slightly hindered electrolyte accessibility after activation. Thermochemical activation enhanced the textural properties, thus impacting the <em>Cv</em>. The films, with an average thickness ranging from 10 to 189 nm, exhibited higher <em>Cv</em> values compared to those observed before activation. Additionality, films produced without iron achieved 442 F cm<sup>−3</sup>, surpassing the 83 F cm<sup>−3</sup> obtained for those produced in the presence of iron. This discrepancy can be attributed to the challenge in electrolyte access to encapsulated nanoparticles within the carbonaceous matrix, resulting from the synthesis process. As a proof of concept, this study demonstrates the potential of LLIR for processing transparent thin film electrodes from biomass-derived carbonaceous materials, as well as a sustainable preparation methodology contributing to the development of future high-performance green energy storage devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 120319"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}