Carbon最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the role of CO2 methanation toward single-walled carbon nanotubes synthesis through systematic optimization within a tandem process","authors":"Jaewon Jang ,&nbsp;Eunchae Oh ,&nbsp;Ye Eun Kim ,&nbsp;Yanggeun Ju ,&nbsp;Sung Bong Kang ,&nbsp;See Hoon Lee ,&nbsp;Cheol-Min Yang ,&nbsp;Young-Hoon Kim ,&nbsp;Junghoon Yang ,&nbsp;Jungpil Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops a tandem process for the direct conversion of CO₂ into SWCNTs via sequential CO₂ methanation and CH₄ pyrolysis. The process integrates Step 1 (CO₂→CH₄ over 30 wt % Ni/SiO₂) and Step 2 (CH₄→CNTs over 1 wt % Fe-0.1 wt % Mo/MgO), by systematically varying the reaction temperature (T = 300–400 °C) and H₂/CO₂ ratio (4–8) in Step 1 to investigate their influence on CNT growth in Step 2. At low Step 1 temperatures (≤300 °C), CH₄ formation was limited by low CO₂ conversion, resulting no CNTs. At elevated Step 1 temperatures, the CO₂ methanation pathway shifted from the formate to the CO route, leading to increased formation of CH₄ and CO. This enhanced the CNT yield up to 79.1 wt % but reduced crystallinity and wall selectivity due to excessive carbon feedstock. Increasing H₂/CO₂ ratio led to residual H₂, which disrupted CH₄ pyrolysis equilibrium in Step 2, further degrading CNT crystallinity and yield. In particular, three types of CNT growth zones were identified: No CNTs zone (T &lt; 300 °C), DWCNTs zone (T &gt; 360 °C and H₂/CO₂ &gt; 6), and SWCNTs zone (T ≤ 360 °C and H₂/CO₂ ≤ 6), revealing a reaction-property relationship governed by Step 1 reaction conditions. Building on these findings, a life cycle assessment was conducted to evaluate the environmental performance of the tandem process. The process exhibited a global warming potential of 10.58 kg CO₂-eq lower than conventional CNT synthesis methods, with further reductions anticipated under renewable electricity input. These results demonstrate a sustainable and scalable route for producing high-value carbon materials directly from CO₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121309"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microemulsion-mediated synthesis of graphdiyne with hollow nanosphere and nanoflower architecture","authors":"Minjuan Chen ,&nbsp;Qin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Li ,&nbsp;Xingru Yan ,&nbsp;Deyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Meiping Li ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Li ,&nbsp;Changshui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precise synthesis of graphdiyne (GDY) with controlled nano-architecture is of great importance for unlocking their full functional potential, yet it remains a formidable challenge due to uncontrolled cross-coupling and poor morphology uniformity. Herein, we present a microemulsion-mediated method to synthesize GDY hollow nanospheres (GDY-HNSs) and nanoflowers (GDY-NFs). The microemulsion is used as a micro-reactor for confined growth. By precisely modulating the monomer concentration inside the microemulsion, GDY-HNSs with controllable shell thickness could be accurately tailored, offering a novel pathway for synthesizing ultrathin few-layered GDY nanostructures. By adjusting the stirring rate during synthesis, the precipitation kinetics of GDY within the microspheres can be regulated, hereby GDY NFs with ultrahigh surface area and tunable dimensions are obtained. Those three-dimensional nanoarchitecture of the GDY provides abundant binding and active sites, endowing them with promising potential for applications in catalysis, water purification, and energy storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121363"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible graphene-integrated alumina fabric for energy-efficient and rapid electrothermal deicing","authors":"Yuming Feng ,&nbsp;Zhen Su ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianyang Li ,&nbsp;Hongying Yang ,&nbsp;Huiwen Ren ,&nbsp;Yanan Ding ,&nbsp;Jialu Li ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Chen ,&nbsp;PingAn Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct synthesis of large-scale high-quality graphene on insulating substrates for transfer-free applications remains challenging. Herein, we report a binary-carbon-source plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) strategy that utilizes solid-state poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and gaseous methane as carbon resource to achieve external-metal-catalyst-free growth of graphene on commercial alumina fiber fabric (AFF). At 1050 °C, PMMA activated in the plasma region, together with methane, produced a continuous and conformal graphene \"skin\" on every fiber of the AFF. The resulting graphene-integrated AFF (GAFF) shows a good electrical conductivity (2–600 Ω sq⁻¹) and remarkable electrothermal behavior with a fast-thermal response (heating within 5 s), large-area uniform Joule heating (temperature variation within ±5 %), and steady performance across a broad temperature span (−150 to 350 °C). Using these advantages, we constructed an electrothermal device capable of efficient, rapid anti-icing and de-icing even in demanding environments. Not only does GAFF exhibit outstanding lightweight properties and flexibility, but it also boasts a tensile strength exceeding 400 MPa. Notably, this flexible composite film shows a low ice adhesion strength of 23.77 ± 1.5 kPa, with complete deicing achievable within 40 s under an electrical power density of 0.479 W/cm². It underscores the material's promising uses in electrothermal anti-icing/de-icing, particularly in aerospace and wind energy sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121322"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, coalescence and defect evolution of carbonaceous mesophase","authors":"Xinlei Cao ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Ruixuan Tan ,&nbsp;Jianxiao Yang ,&nbsp;Jinshui Liu ,&nbsp;Ting Ouyang ,&nbsp;Ke Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbonaceous mesophase, a discotic nematic liquid crystal, is formed during the liquid-phase carbonization of coal-tar pitch, petroleum pitch, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The microstructure established during the brief plastic stage decisively governs the ultimate structure and properties of graphitizing carbons. Around the mesophase transition temperature, aromatic molecules undergo thermal polycondensation to yield anisotropic mesophase spherules. Subsequent coalescence introduces defects such as O- and X-type disclinations, ultimately producing bulk mesophase with complex optical textures. However, the detailed coalescence pathways and defect transformations remain poorly understood. In this study, polarized optical microscopy with a modified sensitive-tint technique and in situ hot-stage imaging was employed to investigate the morphological and defect evolution of the mesophase. Results revealed a five-stage coalescence process: mesophase spherules, primary coalesced spherules, multiple-coalesced spherules, irregular coalesced bodies, and bulk mesophase. Early coalescence proceeds through multiple pathways, and the resulting defects depend on the angle between the polar axes of contacting spherules, predominantly forming lamellar-folded regions. Progressive coalescence drives sequential defect evolution from lamellar-folded regions to O- and X-type disclinations, disclination dissociation, and ultimately U- and Y-type disclinations. These findings clarify the mechanisms of mesophase growth and coalescence and provide guidance for the structural design of high-performance carbon materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121319"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outside Front Cover - Journal name, Cover image, Volume issue details, ISSN, Cover Date, Elsevier Logo and Society Logo if required","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0008-6223(26)00154-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0008-6223(26)00154-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121380"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing dual networks in tissue-paper-derived carbon nanofiber/Co@C composites toward exceptional microwave absorption and heat conduction","authors":"Peiwen Wang ,&nbsp;Liujia Bian ,&nbsp;Junyan Jiang ,&nbsp;Pinzhang Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Wang ,&nbsp;Liyan Xie ,&nbsp;Guoxiu Tong ,&nbsp;Wenhua Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To simultaneously tackle the critical issues of electromagnetic (EM) interference and heat accumulation in electronics, tissue-paper-derived carbon fiber (CF)@Co@C composites with a dual network were first synthesized as an advanced bifunctional filler through a facile impregnation-annealing process. The incorporation of CFs with Co@C foams can construct dual networks, multiple heterointerfaces, magnetic-dielectric dual-losses, and electron-phonon dual thermal carriers, enhancing EM wave absorption and heat conduction. Benefiting from the boosted Ohmic loss, polarization loss, and multi-magnetic resonances, results showed that the CF@Co@C composites formed with a Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O content of 0.005 mol exhibited a high EABW/d (3.55 GHz/mm) and strong absorption (−50.09 dB), excelling CFs and other absorbers. Meanwhile, the CF@Co@C/TPU composite films exhibited high heat conductivity (5.059–6.544 W/(m⋅K)) with a low load of 10 wt%. The highest heat conductivity was 1.85 and 1.43 times larger than those of pure TPU films and 2D CFs/TPU films. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis of the DOS and PDOS revealed the enhancement mechanisms of EM wave absorption and heat conduction. The multiple heterointerfaces between FCC-Co/C, HCP-Co/C, and FCC-Co/HCP-Co provided a built-in electric field for extra electric dipoles, thus enhancing the microwave absorption capabilities of materials. The combination of 2D CFs with Co@C foams enables cooperative heat transfer by electrons and multi-frequency phonons, thereby improving its heat conductivity. Overall, this work offers a novel and simple strategy to develop advanced dual-network composites with magnetic-dielectric dual losses and electron-phonon dual thermal carriers for EM protection and heat management applications in the electronics industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121305"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATIONS OF GRAPHITIC STRUCTURE ANALOGS BASED ON AMORPHOUS CONJUGATED POLYMER NETWORKS","authors":"Yuya Oaki","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121337"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion of α-cellulose into surfactants: preparation and interfacial properties of amphiphilic carbon dots","authors":"Xiaoqing Qiu ,&nbsp;Maoxin Cai ,&nbsp;Ping Mei ,&nbsp;Ke Wang ,&nbsp;Lu Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing efficient and environmentally benign routes to convert low-cost cellulose into high-value products can deliver both economic and societal benefits. Here, cellulose was used as the carbon precursor, while dodecylamine and aminosulfonic acid were introduced to improve amphiphilicity as well as temperature and salinity tolerance, enabling the synthesis of amphiphilic carbon dots (ACDs). FT-IR confirmed the coexistence of hydrophilic functionalities (hydroxyl, sulfonic acid, and amino groups) and hydrophobic long alkyl chains, supporting the intended amphiphilic architecture. Three ACDs with different sulfonic acid contents were prepared. The surface tension measurements showed that the cmc values of ACDs-1, ACDs-2, and ACDs-3 are 3000 mg/L, 800 mg/L, and 400 mg/L, respectively, with corresponding <em>γ</em>_cmc values of 28.58 mN/m, 27.91 mN/m, and 28.15 mN/m. Decreasing sulfonic acid content increased hydrophobicity and enabled adsorption saturation at the gas-liquid interface at lower concentrations. All ACDs reduced oil-water IFT, but the extent depended strongly on oil type, with larger decreases in crude oil-water and toluene-water than in n-heptane-water. In the n-heptane-water system, IFT decreased from 38.6 mN/m to 7.8 mN/m, 10.4 mN/m, and 18.6 mN/m for ACDs-1, ACDs-2, and ACDs-3, respectively, consistent with limited compatibility with nonpolar hydrocarbons that hinders dense interfacial packing. Importantly, inorganic salts further enhanced interfacial activity: IFT continuously decreased with increasing salinity and reached an ultralow level at <em>c</em>_NaCl = 20 × 10⁴ mg/L. Overall, this work provides a promising strategy for the high-value utilization of cellulose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121358"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of surface chemistry on water adsorption on carbons revealed by theoretical isotherm models","authors":"Piotr Gauden ,&nbsp;Sylwester Furmaniak ,&nbsp;Jochen Settelein ,&nbsp;Begüm Bozkaya ,&nbsp;Daria Minta ,&nbsp;Grażyna Gryglewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two spherical resorcinol-formaldehyde-based carbons differing in average particle size and external surface area were precursors of two series of modified adsorbents. The modifying agents and modification conditions were chosen to introduce oxygen and/or nitrogen of different content and not to significantly change the porous structure of the samples. The adsorption isotherms of water from the gaseous phase on 16 carbons were the basis for systematic investigations. The differences between them were analyzed in four relative pressure ranges corresponding to subsequent adsorption process stages. The presence of heteroatoms affected the adsorption amount in the low-pressure range, when water molecules directly interact with the oxygen and nitrogen surface groups. However, it also affected the next stage of adsorption: the formation of multimolecular clusters and pore filling. Adsorption in the third range, corresponding to the final plateau, was similar for all the adsorbents and limited by the micropore volume. Differences between the series were revealed in the fourth range (relative pressure close to unity). Adsorption amounts for carbons with more developed external surface area and interparticle porosity were significantly higher, and the isotherms increased more strongly in this part compared to the other series. Qualitative differences between isotherms were also quantified by fitting the data using generalized Barton and Buttersack models. Some of their best-fit parameters were correlated with the content of heteroatoms. Finally, the water adsorption amount for the relative pressure of ca. 0.25 was found as a simple estimate of the heteroatom content in the carbon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121321"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal management with graphene–epoxy composites: Design strategies and emerging applications","authors":"Chu Na ,&nbsp;Seul-Yi Lee ,&nbsp;Soo-Jin Park","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene and its derivatives, owing to their ultrahigh intrinsic thermal conductivity (2000–5000 W m⁻¹K⁻¹), structural versatility, and interfacial tunability, have become leading reinforcements for epoxy resins in thermal management applications. Beyond enhancing thermal conduction, graphene introduces multifunctional synergies spanning flame retardancy, electro-thermal conversion, phase-change regulation, and long-term stability. This review highlights not only the latest design strategies, covering dispersion control, interfacial engineering, filler alignment, and hybrid architectures, but also the cross-cutting insights that unify these approaches across diverse application domains. A key lesson emerging from recent studies is that multifunctionality can be achieved at ultra-low loadings when graphene is rationally structured into hierarchical or reactive networks, thereby overcoming the long-standing trade-off between thermal conductivity and mechanical or environmental performance. Equally, interfacial design proves decisive: subtle chemical modifications or noncovalent interactions at the graphene–epoxy interface governs thermal resistance, durability, and system reliability across operating conditions. By framing these advances into a coherent structure–property–application map, this review provides a new perspective on how graphene–epoxy composites can be deliberately engineered rather than empirically optimized. We conclude by outlining future opportunities in scalable processing, anisotropy regulation, and sustainable design, positioning graphene–epoxy systems as next-generation multifunctional materials for electronics, aerospace, and energy infrastructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 121262"},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146171539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}