Xingping Zhou , Silin Wu , Peng Liu , Liming Wang , Fengwei Xie
{"title":"Hybrid bioink of methyacrylated starch with minimal methacrylated chitosan enables high-precision 3D printing for complex tissue scaffolds","authors":"Xingping Zhou , Silin Wu , Peng Liu , Liming Wang , Fengwei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Starch-based gels represent promising bioinks for 3D-printed cell scaffolds due to their biosafety, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, their widespread adoption has been hindered by inadequate formability and poor self-supporting properties. Here, we introduce an innovative starch-dominated hydrogel system achieved through dual methacrylation of normal corn starch and chitosan, enabling the fabrication of biodegradable cell scaffolds. While methacrylated starch alone (substitution degree: 0.013) exhibited insufficient printing accuracy even with UV assistance, the optimized 10:1 (starch/chitosan, <em>w</em>/w) blend of methacrylated chitosan (substitution degree: 0.27) demonstrated dramatically enhanced 3D printing formability and precision when combined with UV crosslinking. Rheological analysis demonstrated that blending methacrylated starch with methacrylated chitosan reduced flow stress (<em>τ</em><sub>f</sub>), improving printability while retaining shear-thinning behavior. Incorporation of 10 % glycerol enhanced biomacromolecular compatibility, as evidenced by rheological results and homogenous microstructures in SEM, enabling high-fidelity printing of intricate architectures. UV-cured scaffolds exhibited tunable compressive strength (150–200 kPa) and deformation rate (50–60 %), balancing mechanical compliance with tissue safety. The material's hydrophilic surface (contact angle: 30–60°) supported robust cell adhesion, while <em>in vitro</em> assays confirmed exceptional biocompatibility (96 % cell viability) and controlled biodegradation in α-amylase/lysozyme solutions. This work establishes starch as a primary matrix for bioinks, advancing sustainable, high-precision 3D printing in biomedicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 124023"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Innovative dual-functional, green and biodegradable dicarboxylated inulin as scale and corrosion inhibitors for sustainable oil and gas operations","authors":"Showkat Ali Ganie, Mirza T. Baig, Mohamed F. Mady","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The oil and gas industry urgently needs greener, smarter solutions to combat the dual challenges of inorganic scale formation and corrosion of metallic infrastructure. In this work, we introduce a novel, dual-functional, phosphorus-free corrosion and scale inhibitor derived from the in situ dicarboxylation of inulin through an environmentally benign two-step oxidation strategy. Inulin was efficiently converted into a highly functionalized dicarboxylated biopolymer through a selective sodium periodate oxidation followed by Pinnick oxidation, while maintaining the integrity of its backbone structure, as confirmed by FT-IR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy. The dicarboxylated inulin formed a resilient, protective film on carbon steel surfaces, as revealed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), with adsorption behavior fitting the Langmuir isotherm and a ΔG°<sub>ads</sub> of −39.32 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>, highlighting a strong chemisorption process supplemented by physisorption with corrosion inhibition efficiency of 94.5 % at 100 ppm. Interestingly, the resulting dicarboxylated inulin exhibited excellent inhibition performance against gypsum scale at low inhibitor concentrations, following the NACE Standard TM0374–2007 protocol. Additionally, it demonstrated a remarkable 90 % inhibition efficiency against calcite scaling, outperforming commercially available carboxymethyl inulin at the same tested concentration. The dicarboxylated inulin also showcased outstanding compatibility under high‑calcium brine conditions, maintaining performance even at inhibitor dosages up to 10,000 ppm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 124022"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable electrochemical depolymerization of chitosan into glucosamine hydrochloride using N-hydroxyphthalimide as a redox catalyst","authors":"Hossein Mojtabazadeh , Javad Safaei-Ghomi","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While chemical and enzymatic depolymerization of chitosan has been extensively studied, electrochemical methods achieving complete depolymerization into glucosamine (GlcN) building blocks have not been reported. Previous studies only reduced molecular weight without producing repeating unit sugars. Here, we demonstrate the direct electrochemical conversion of chitosan into glucosamine hydrochloride using N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) as a green redox mediator under mild galvanostatic conditions. Conducted in acetate buffer with titanium mesh electrodes, the process affords crystalline GlcN in high yield. Structural analyses confirmed selective formation of both α- and β-anomers without detectable overoxidized by-products. Importantly, systematic kinetic studies of NHPI-mediated chitosan depolymerization, not previously reported, were performed. Electrochemical monitoring revealed a stable redox cycle between NHPI and its oxyl radical form, phthalimide-N-oxyl (PINO), along with progressive substrate consumption. This work establishes an operationally simple and environmentally benign electrochemical platform for selective building blocks production from polysaccharides, addressing an unmet need in chitosan valorization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 124008"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiyu Song , Qing Xue , Haoran Wang , Ruijia Jin , Xiao Liu , Lanzhou Li , Yang Liu , Di Wang , Min Hu
{"title":"Structural characterization and osteogenic potential of polysaccharide purified from Sanghuangporus vaninii","authors":"Jiyu Song , Qing Xue , Haoran Wang , Ruijia Jin , Xiao Liu , Lanzhou Li , Yang Liu , Di Wang , Min Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Sanghuangporus vaninii</em> (<em>S. vaninii</em>) is a fungus of considerable medicinal properties. Nevertheless, the specific effects of polysaccharides derived from <em>S. vaninii</em> on bone tissues and their underlying mechanisms remain underexplored. In this research, we purified polysaccharide (SVP-a2) from <em>S. vaninii</em> and systematically explored its structural composition and the anti-osteoporotic characteristics <em>via</em> promoting bone formation. SVP-a2 is a novel neutral polysaccharide exhibiting a molecular weight of 23.593 kDa, predominantly constituted by →6)-α-Gal<em>p</em>-(1→. The substitutions are observed at specific C-2 positions, involving the α-Man<em>p</em>-(1 → or α-Man<em>p</em>-(1 → 2)-α-Fuc<em>p</em>-(1→. In the dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis (OP) mice model, SVP-a2 significantly restored the bone microstructure, enhanced bone density and trabecular connectivity, and markedly promoted the osteogenic differentiation in the bone tissue. Through the combined analysis of serum metabolomics, bone tissue proteomics and biological assays, SVP-a2 was found to modulate bone metabolism by regulating mineral absorption. SVP-a2 activated the fibroblast growth factor 2/Wnt signaling pathway, inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation, promoted osteogenic differentiation, enhanced bone formation, and thereby exerted an anti-OP effect. This research furnishes a therapeutic approach for using SVP-a2 as a functional constituent in the clinical adjunctive therapy of OP, and presents an innovative theoretical foundation for the development of polysaccharide-based bone metabolism regulator.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 124018"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiqin Pan , Yudong Yang , Shitong Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Shuangling Zhong , Xuejun Cui
{"title":"Design of modified carboxymethyl cellulose adsorbent for effective removal of Pb (II) and cd (II) from aqueous solutions","authors":"Shiqin Pan , Yudong Yang , Shitong Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Shuangling Zhong , Xuejun Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was grafted with 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane, crosslinked and then freeze-dried to fabricate the modified CMC-based adsorbent with three-dimensional network structure. The adsorbent showed the advantages of low price, environmental protection and high stability, and could effectively remove lead ion (Pb (II)) and cadmium ion (Cd (II)) from wastewater. The adsorption equilibrium for two metal ions could been achieved within 60 min with the maximum adsorption capacity of 322.96 mg/g and 199.35 mg/g for Pb (II) and Cd (II), indicating fast adsorption rate and high adsorption efficiency. Under the coexistence of multiple ions, the adsorbent still exhibit high Pb (II) and Cd (II) adsorption, demonstrating the good ion selectivity. Furthermore, the adsorption conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm, indicating that the adsorption process was mainly chemical adsorption. After five adsorption-desorption cycle tests, the adsorbent still maintain high adsorption efficiency and integrity, proving the good recyclability and reusability. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the HOMO-LUMO gaps decreased after adsorption, implying the enhanced charge transfer via orbital hybridization with functional groups. This work provides a new idea for preparing low-cost, environmentally friendly, efficient, and reusable adsorbents to capture toxic heavy metal ions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 124020"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zijun Li , Kandasamy Saravanakumar , SeonJu Park , Lulu Yao , Yunyeong Kim , Jungyu Jo , Sang Yoon Choi , Guijae Yoo , Phil Jun Lee , Soeun Kim , Namki Cho
{"title":"Structural characterization and therapeutic potential of exopolysaccharide EPS-W-1 from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain ZL1 isolated from kimchi against DSS-induced colitis","authors":"Zijun Li , Kandasamy Saravanakumar , SeonJu Park , Lulu Yao , Yunyeong Kim , Jungyu Jo , Sang Yoon Choi , Guijae Yoo , Phil Jun Lee , Soeun Kim , Namki Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction, gut microbiome (GM) dysbiosis, inflammation, and immune dysregulation. Lactic acid bacteria-derived exopolysaccharides (LAB-EPS) have biotherapeutic potential to stimulate immune responses and influence the GM. Therefore, this work aimed to extract the bioactive EPS (EPS-W-1) from <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> ZL1, isolated from Korean kimchi, and then characterize the chemical structure of EPS-W-1 using HPLC, GC–MS, and NMR. The effect of EPS-W-1 treatment on the UC mice was evaluated. The composition of EPS-W-1 was rhamnose (5.06 %), galactose (25.79 %), glucose (53.37 %), and mannose (10.93 %), and its molecular weight (MW) was 260.34 kDa. The colon length increased in the treatment group H-EPS-W-1 (8.9 cm) compared to the DSS group (4.46 cm). In addition, the H-EPS-W-1 treatment improved histological architecture, regulated the GM, and triggered the higher generation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) than the DSS group. It also modulated immune responses by downregulating IL-6 (−48.64 %) and TNF-α (−60.25 %), while upregulating IL-10 (+107.43 %). Collectively, these findings suggest that EPS-W-1 possesses significant therapeutic potential in ameliorating UC through modulation of the GM and regulation of the immune system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 123997"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan Li , Hongnan Sun , Taihua Mu , Marco Garcia-Vaquero
{"title":"Green valorization of sweet potato vines: Efficient cellulose extraction and γ-valerolactone recovery via biorefinery platform","authors":"Yuan Li , Hongnan Sun , Taihua Mu , Marco Garcia-Vaquero","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sweet potato vines, a common agricultural waste during sweet potato harvest, can be a valuable source of lignocellulose. The transformation of these vines into bio-based materials and platform chemicals through a biorefinery process is crucial for turning this promised potential into a practical industrial process. This research developed and optimized a NaCl-catalyzed γ-valerolactone (GVL) /H<sub>2</sub>O co-solvent pretreatment process for sweet potato vines. Using optimum conditions (solid-liquid ratio 1:15 (g/mL), 170 °C, 4 h, 20 % GVL/H<sub>2</sub>O, 15 % NaCl) cellulose retention rate was 90.5 % (90.0 % purity, 48.9 % crystallinity), with hemicellulose and lignin removal rates of 94.0 % and 90.0 %, respectively. The lignin (purity 87.5 %, dispersity of 1.05) was recovered by solvent exchange and centrifugation. Compared with commercial microcrystalline cellulose and lignin alkali, the recovered cellulose and lignin had good thermal stability, suitable for further downstream use. A control group experiment confirmed the synergistic effect of NaCl and GVL, with NaCl promoting lignocellulose decomposition. In addition, GVL showed excellent recovery performance with 94.8 % recovery rates and 94.6 % purity after 3 recovery cycles. To summarize, this work presents an ecologically sustainable and environmentally friendly biorefinery technique for effectively utilizing sweet potato vines and other agricultural wastes as source of platform chemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 123998"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tatiana N. Pallaeva , Irina V. Marchenko , Polina V. Krikunova , Vladimir V. Artemov , Dmitry N. Khmelenin , Sergey N. Malakhov , Peter V. Dmitryakov , Egor A. Shramkov , Yuri M. Efremov , Peter S. Timashev , Roman A. Novikov , Olga A. Sindeeva , Tatiana V. Bukreeva
{"title":"Ultrasonic fabrication of polysaccharide capsules: Unraveling the xanthan gum-chitosan shell formation mechanism","authors":"Tatiana N. Pallaeva , Irina V. Marchenko , Polina V. Krikunova , Vladimir V. Artemov , Dmitry N. Khmelenin , Sergey N. Malakhov , Peter V. Dmitryakov , Egor A. Shramkov , Yuri M. Efremov , Peter S. Timashev , Roman A. Novikov , Olga A. Sindeeva , Tatiana V. Bukreeva","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study establishes the mechanism of stable emulsion capsules formation using sulfhydryl-free polysaccharides (xanthan gum, chitosan, and their mixtures), comparing ultrasonic versus conventional mechanical preparation methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Capsules were fabricated using both mechanical and ultrasonic processing, followed by comprehensive characterization through DLS, CLSM, CRYO electron microscopies, XPS, FTIR, AFM, XRD, and TGA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ultrasonically processed xanthan gum/chitosan capsules exhibit a well-defined morphology (1 μm average size), stable surface characteristics (−19 mV zeta potential), and enhanced resistance to aggregation and coalescence. The results demonstrate not only formation of polyelectrolyte complexes in the mixed shells (with xanthan gum/chitosan ratios of 1 and 1.17 for mechanically and ultrasonically prepared capsules, respectively, with an initial 1:1 polymer solution ratio), but also reveals molecular scissoring effects. Structural characterization reveals semi-crystalline shell organization with significantly improved mechanical strength, as evidenced by the 48 kPa Young's modulus. The capsules exhibit excellent hemocompatibility (hemolysis rate < 0.02 μL/mL) for intravenous delivery applications.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings reveal fundamental insights into polysaccharide behavior on the phase interface under ultrasonication, demonstrating how acoustic energy drives molecular reorganization to create structurally superior capsules. This work provides a new paradigm for polysaccharide-based drug carrier design to create high-performance delivery systems with enhanced stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 124003"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Baniasadi , Ziba Fathi , Roozbeh Abidnejad , Pedro E.S. Silva , Sanandam Bordoloi , Jaana Vapaavuori , Jukka Niskanen , Erlantz Lizundia , Eero Kontturi , Juha Lipponen
{"title":"Biochar-infused cellulose foams with PEG-based phase change materials for enhanced thermal energy storage and photothermal performance","authors":"Hossein Baniasadi , Ziba Fathi , Roozbeh Abidnejad , Pedro E.S. Silva , Sanandam Bordoloi , Jaana Vapaavuori , Jukka Niskanen , Erlantz Lizundia , Eero Kontturi , Juha Lipponen","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents cellulose-based foams reinforced with biochar and integrated with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based phase change materials (PCMs) to enhance thermal energy storage and photothermal performance. The foams were fabricated using an energy-efficient, non-freeze-drying method, leveraging cellulose's inherent porosity and structural integrity to create a sustainable and scalable material platform. The optimized cellulose foams exhibited a well-balanced combination of high porosity (85 %), low density (66 kg·m<sup>−3</sup>), and minimal shrinkage (5 %), ensuring stability across multiple applications. The hydrophilic–hydrophobic interactions between cellulose, PEG, and biochar played a crucial role in achieving uniform PCM dispersion, enabling effective thermal energy storage (130 J·g<sup>−1</sup>) and temperature regulation. Durability tests confirmed the stability of phase-change properties over 100 thermal cycles, demonstrating long-term material resilience. The incorporation of biochar significantly improved photothermal efficiency (85 %) by enhancing light absorption and thermal conductivity while also reinforcing the cellulose matrix. A life cycle assessment (LCA) highlighted the environmental trade-offs, where biochar contributed to carbon sequestration, while PEG introduced a higher carbon footprint but offset other environmental burdens. This work underscores the multifunctional role of cellulose in developing sustainable, bio-based thermal management materials, providing an eco-friendly alternative to conventional insulation and energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 123999"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiarong Wang , Weihua Huang , Xuemei Wang , Yuhong Zhao , Ligang Zhang
{"title":"Modulating the gelatinization and retrogradation characteristics of corn starch by controlling pine kernel protein/egg white protein thermal co-aggregation","authors":"Jiarong Wang , Weihua Huang , Xuemei Wang , Yuhong Zhao , Ligang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blending plant and animal proteins to tailor starch performance is challenging due to contradictions in their conformational relationships. Herein, egg white protein (EWP) and pine kernel protein (PKP) were combined to prepare corn starch-based ternary matrices of EWP/PKP blends and co-precipitates, and their effects on starch sol-gel transformation and retrogradation properties were traced. Co-precipitation treatment improved the cohesion and techno-functionality of dual-proteins by enhancing hydrophobic interactions, disulfide bonds, and hydrogen bonding rearrangements. At a PKP:EWP ratio of 1:7, co-precipitates increased the gelatinization onset temperature by 7.30 % and the loss tangent values by 285.71 %, while the gel hardness and fracture stress reduced by 114.32 g and 9.17 kPa, respectively. Driven by electrostatic repulsion along with enhanced hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, co-precipitates formed a homogeneous gel matrix with starch. Results from chromameter and LF-NMR indicated that gel brightness and water distribution were positively influenced by the co-precipitates. For retrogradation, numerous intermolecular disulfide bonds, <em>β</em>-turns, and random coil structures formed, driving the self-aggregation of PKP, EWP, and their blends. Co-precipitates caused a bridged ‘closed’ network that reduced <em>R</em><sub><em>1047/1022</em></sub> and relative crystallinity by 48.21 % and 41.36 %, respectively. These findings offer scientific guidance for manipulating dual-protein co-aggregation for on-demand functionalization of starch hydrogels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 124005"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}