Pu-Ying Qi , Li-Hong Shi , Zhi-Cheng Zheng , Fu-Mei Feng , Tai-Hong Zhang , Rong-Shuang Luo , Shuai Tan , A-Ling Tang , Hou-Yun Huang , Xiang Zhou , Hong-Mei Xiang , Li-Wei Liu , Song Yang
{"title":"Beyond convention: Construction of β-cyclodextrin-based shape-changing particles capable of light-responsive control and bioactivity application","authors":"Pu-Ying Qi , Li-Hong Shi , Zhi-Cheng Zheng , Fu-Mei Feng , Tai-Hong Zhang , Rong-Shuang Luo , Shuai Tan , A-Ling Tang , Hou-Yun Huang , Xiang Zhou , Hong-Mei Xiang , Li-Wei Liu , Song Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmentally triggered major phenomenological switching, including in shape, size, or curvature, is widely found in particles that occur in nature. We demonstrate a generic approach towards dynamically reconfiguring the shape of <em>β</em>-cyclodextrin(<em>β</em>-CD)-based particles to exploit the unique light-responsive behavior that can trigger “stimuli-responsive” controlled release of active molecules. In detail, solely enabled by their architecture, flakes and spheres comprising binary complexes formed between <em>β</em>-CD and antibacterial stilbenes molecule and/or azobenzene derivative underwent active reconfiguration, including reversible shape-shifting and bioactivity switching. Interestingly, these two particles (flakes and spheres) exhibited reversible and reproducible changes in their shape over repeated UV–vis irradiation cycles. The “stimuli-responsive” shape-shifting of nano-system regulated the switch of bioactivity in vitro and in vivo, inhibited biofilm formation, decreased bacterial motility, and disrupted the flagellar biosynthesis process. Overall, we developed a <em>β</em>-CD-based supramolecular assembly system related to the design and shape-adaptable properties of particles, providing a new paradigm on their prospective applications in nanomedicine/nanopesticide delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 123733"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Promoting efficient synthesis and customization of sphingans based on metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies","authors":"Yujia Zhou, Jielun Hu, Yadong Zhong, Shaoping Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sphingans are important exopolysaccharides due to their unique functional characteristics and potential application prospects in various fields. In recent years, the chemical structure, biosynthesis and function of sphingans have been studied extensively. With the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, problems that restricting the production capacity and the design of sphingans, such as complex synthetic path and unclear research background of the wildtype strain, would be expected to be solved to some extent. This review describes the structure and biosynthetic pathways of different sphingans, analyzes the feasibility of obtaining high-performance sphingans-producing strains via classical mutagenesis combined with high-throughput screening techniques and chassis cells construction, and focuses on discussing how to efficiently synthesize and customize sphingans based on metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies. These strategies include using highly effective tools like genomic metabolic network models (GSMM) and CRISPR to regulate metabolic pathways, as well as customizing sphingans with different molecular weight through molecular weight regulation and controllable substituent modification based on genetic engineering. At last, the main challenges and prospects are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 123734"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lin Lei , Wei Li , Jiajia Wang , Qi Liu , Feng Zeng , Yunqiang Xiang , Xinyuan Fu , Rui Tao , Zhangyou Yang
{"title":"A rapid and efficient microenvironment improving hyaluronic acid microneedle dressing for burn wound synergistic treatment","authors":"Lin Lei , Wei Li , Jiajia Wang , Qi Liu , Feng Zeng , Yunqiang Xiang , Xinyuan Fu , Rui Tao , Zhangyou Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Burn wounds are often accompanied by severe oxidative stress, sustained high expression of inflammation and solid bacterial biofilms formation. Therefore, it is urgent and important to develop strategies for effectively penetrate biofilms and rapidly regulate the burn pathological microenvironment. Herein, a multi-functional microneedle system was constructed for burn wounds synergistic treatment. Specifically, the nanocomposites HY@IND NCs with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties were obtained by co-assembling with solutol HS-15 (HS), ethyl lauroyl arginate hydrochloride (YG) and indomethacin (IND), which could be quickly ingested by bacteria or cells and had the characteristics of regulating the pathological microenvironment indicators for burns. It is then programmed to be loaded into a functional microneedle (MN) system along with the angiogenic drug deferoxamine (DFO) to obtain HY@IND-DFO MN. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments showed that it could not only effectively penetrate and destroy bacterial biofilms, but also the released HY@IND NCs could timely and effectively modulate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory microenvironment of the burn wounds as well as inhibit bacteria. More importantly, it could cooperate with DFO to promote wound regeneration and repair process. Briefly, this suitable microneedle drug delivery system may provide potential for the regeneration and repair of refractory wounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 123707"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yelin Hou , Zhen Zhang , Mohd Azmil Mohd Noor , Gilles Sèbe
{"title":"Preparation of Janus cellulose nanocrystals by interfacial SI-ATRP polymerization of Pickering emulsions","authors":"Yelin Hou , Zhen Zhang , Mohd Azmil Mohd Noor , Gilles Sèbe","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report an original method to prepare amphiphilic Janus cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by interfacial surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) of Pickering emulsions stabilized by CNCs bearing ATRP initiating sites at their surface. CNCs decorated with various amounts of bromoisobutyryl moieties were prepared by esterification with bromoisobutyryl bromide, and used to stabilize O/W and W/O ATRP emulsion systems containing both a hydrophilic (N-isopropylacrylamide: NIPAm) and hydrophobic (styrene: Sty) monomer. The different emulsion systems were later polymerized by initiating a biphasic SI-ATRP reaction from the brominated particles immobilized at the oil-water interface. The chemical structure, morphology, amphiphilic and emulsifying properties of the anisotropic CNCs recovered after reaction were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, <sup>13</sup>C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and optical microscopy. The results obtained with the direct and inverse emulsion systems were particularly compared.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 123731"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jorge F. Pontes , Filipa Guerreiro , Joana P. Silva , Maria P. Almeida , Annalisa Rosso , Ana M. Rosa da Costa , Géraldine Agusti , Giovanna Lollo , Maria Manuela Gaspar , Ana Grenha
{"title":"Locust bean gum (LBG) – A potential excipient for inhalation purposes: Excipient characterisation and in vitro and in vivo toxicological evaluation","authors":"Jorge F. Pontes , Filipa Guerreiro , Joana P. Silva , Maria P. Almeida , Annalisa Rosso , Ana M. Rosa da Costa , Géraldine Agusti , Giovanna Lollo , Maria Manuela Gaspar , Ana Grenha","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dry powders proposed for lung drug delivery typically involve excipients not approved for inhalation. The physicochemical characterisation of excipients is informative regarding their interaction with different body structures. Locust Bean Gum (LBG) has been proposed for diverse applications, including inhalation, benefiting from targeting ability towards phagocytic cells owing to the presence of mannose moieties. The aim of the present study was to characterise the physicochemical parameters of LBG and, for the first time, draw a toxicological profile for this excipient. LBG from three different suppliers was evaluated and eventual changes on polymer characteristics induced by purification and microparticle production were assessed, which were observed to not occur. The commercial samples showed identical FTIR spectra, as well as TGA and DSC profiles, <em>M</em><sub>w</sub> around 3.60 × 10<sup>6</sup> Da, and <em>T</em><sub>g</sub> near −39 °C. All microparticles presented similar morphology and Feret diameters around 4 μm. <em>In vitro</em> assays performed on respiratory (A549) cells evidenced no impact of LBG microparticles on cell viability (> 80 %) when biorelevant concentrations (≈ 0.1 mg/mL) were used. Additionally, inhalation of LBG microparticles by mice provided indications of a safe profile, without induction of allergic reactions. The basis is laid for further exploration of this material in inhalation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 123729"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual-drug carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel: Development, characterization, and in vitro evaluation for periodontal therapy","authors":"Büşra Yılmaz , Yeliz Yıldırım , Nil Yakar , Güven Özdemir , Alpdogan Kantarci , Gülnur Emingil","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dual-drug delivery systems offer a novel approach to overcoming the complex challenges of periodontal disease treatment. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a carboxymethyl chitosan-based hydrogel incorporating doxycycline and atorvastatin for local delivery in periodontal therapy. The hydrogel formulations were characterized through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and electron microscopy to assess their structural and physicochemical properties. The hydrogels were evaluated for drug loading efficiency and drug release profiles, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity. The optimized formulation, containing 25 % atorvastatin and 75 % doxycycline, demonstrated a sustained and controlled release profile over 72 h, ensuring prolonged therapeutic effects. It exhibited significant antibacterial efficacy, particularly against <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em>, a keystone pathogen in periodontal disease, with inhibition zones reaching 54 ± 1.53 mm. Cytotoxicity assays on human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) confirmed high biocompatibility, with over 97 % cell viability for the optimized formulation, whereas formulations with higher atorvastatin content exhibited increased cytotoxicity. These findings highlight the potential of this dual-drug hydrogel system as a promising localized treatment strategy for periodontal disease, offering controlled drug release, potent antimicrobial activity, and favorable biocompatibility. Future <em>in vivo</em> and clinical studies are warranted to validate its therapeutic efficacy and translational potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 123726"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiuhua Meng , Wenjian Zhao , Yanan Zhao , Juntong Guo , Xiaoqin Ding , Yanan Gai , Han Lv , Yiwei Wang , Jian Chen
{"title":"Isolation and structural identification of the homogeneous polysaccharide CGPA1 from Calvatia gigantea with wound healing effects","authors":"Xiuhua Meng , Wenjian Zhao , Yanan Zhao , Juntong Guo , Xiaoqin Ding , Yanan Gai , Han Lv , Yiwei Wang , Jian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Calvatia gigantea</em> is a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus known for its diverse pharmacological effects, with polysaccharides being one of its main bioactive components. In this study, a novel homogeneous water-soluble polysaccharide (CGPA1) was successfully isolated and purified from the fruiting body of <em>Calvatia gigantea</em>. The molecular weight of CGPA1 was determined to be 11.69 kDa. Structural characterization was performed using a combination of high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), methylation analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The analysis data revealed that CGPA1 is primarily composed of galactose, methyl-galactose, mannose, xylose, and glucose in a molar ratio of 60.01:27.16:10.34:1.83:0.67. The backbone structure predominantly consists of α-1,6-Gal-(1 → and α-1,6 (3-MeO)-Gal-(1→, with side chains of α-Gal and α-Man. Morphological analysis using SEM, XRD, and AFM, combined with Congo red experiments, suggesting that CGPA1 adopts an amorphous granular chain conformation. Both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> tests confirmed that CGPA1 can promote the migration of MSF cells and accelerate the healing of acute injured wounds. It was found to facilitate skin re-epithelialization, and collagen deposition over the healing process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 123727"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xingxing Wang , Yupeng Liu , Yongbin Xu , Siqi Gao , Qiuying Xu , Huan Gong , Lumeng Yao , Songshan Shi , Shunchun Wang , Huijun Wang , Luping Qin , Jianjun Wu
{"title":"Structural characterization of a pectic polysaccharide from Rubus chingii Hu. unripe fruits and its efficacy in inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption in vivo","authors":"Xingxing Wang , Yupeng Liu , Yongbin Xu , Siqi Gao , Qiuying Xu , Huan Gong , Lumeng Yao , Songshan Shi , Shunchun Wang , Huijun Wang , Luping Qin , Jianjun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive lipid intake is a major contributor to obesity, and inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption is considered an effective strategy to mitigate this condition. In this study, a pectic polysaccharide designated as RCP-2-3 was obtained from <em>Rubus chingii</em> Hu. unripe fruits and its potential inhibitory effect on intestinal lipid absorption <em>in vivo</em> was investigated. Structural studies revealed that RCP-2-3 (8.54 kDa) is a homogeneous pectic polysaccharide composed of homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) domains in a 4.4:4.1 mass ratio. Treatment with RCP-2-3 for 7 days effectively reduced postprandial serum triglyceride (TG) accumulation and lipid absorption in BODIPY-labeled soybean oil-fed mice, accompanied by increased lipid excretion. Specifically, RCP-2-3 increased the excretion of long-chain fatty acids in dietary lipids, such as linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid. A 28-day administration of RCP-2-3 reduced weight gain and improved dyslipidemia, and promoted lipid excretion in mice subjected to a high-fat diet and high-fat emulsion. In conclusion, RCP-2-3, a natural pectic polysaccharide consisting of HG and RG-II domains, effectively inhibited intestinal lipid absorption and reduced obesity-related parameters. These findings highlight the potential of RCP-2-3 for application in both the food and pharmaceutical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 123728"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}