{"title":"Retraction notice to \"Stimulus-responsive drug/gene delivery system based on polyethylenimine cyclodextrin nanoparticles for potential cancer therapy\" [Carbohydr. Polym. 276 (2022) 118747].","authors":"Hanieh Mousazadeh, Esat Bonabi, Nosratollah Zarghami","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"381 ","pages":"125207"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147626536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbohydrate PolymersPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125206
Rania K Eid, Dalia S Ashour, Ebtessam A Essa, Gamal M El Maghraby, Mona F Arafa
{"title":"Retraction notice to \"Chitosan coated nanostructured lipid carriers for enhanced in vivo efficacy of albendazole against Trichinella spiralis\" [Carbohydrate Polymers 232 (2020) 115826].","authors":"Rania K Eid, Dalia S Ashour, Ebtessam A Essa, Gamal M El Maghraby, Mona F Arafa","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"381 ","pages":"125206"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147626508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbohydrate PolymersPub Date : 2026-05-15Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125068
Shanglin Li , Leiyi Zhang , Yulun Wu , Jiale Guo , Chengbo Yang , Kun Chen , Yajuan Li , Longjiang Tian , Jingbo Liu , Ting Zhang , Zhiyang Du
{"title":"Fabrication of egg white peptides/konjac glucomannan co-assembly stabilized high internal phase Pickering emulsions: Application for co-delivery of vitamin D3 and riboflavin","authors":"Shanglin Li , Leiyi Zhang , Yulun Wu , Jiale Guo , Chengbo Yang , Kun Chen , Yajuan Li , Longjiang Tian , Jingbo Liu , Ting Zhang , Zhiyang Du","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing demand for the co-encapsulation and controlled delivery of bioactive compounds, the design of liquid-based carriers has garnered considerable attention. Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> and riboflavin sodium phosphate (RP) suffer from poor stability and low bioavailability; nevertheless, high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) feature a tunable microstructure that allows for effective compartmentalization of multiple components. In this study, HIPPEs stabilized by egg white peptide (EWP)-konjac glucomannan (KGM) co-assemblies were constructed as a versatile vehicle for the co-delivery of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> and RP. EWP-KGM co-assemblies were comprehensively characterized using multispectral techniques and structural analyses. The EWP@KGM co-assembly (mass ratio 10:5) exhibited enhanced emulsifying activity index (EAI: 15.12 m<sup>2</sup>/g, 3.74-fold higher than EWP) and emulsifying stability index (ESI: 736.60 min, 53-fold higher than EWP), attributed to increased interfacial thickness and steric hindrance. All HIPPEs demonstrated shear-thinning behavior, gel-like viscoelasticity (G′ > G″), and long-term storage stability. Under simulated gastrointestinal digestion, EWP-KGM-HIPPEs protected RP integrity and improved vitamin D<sub>3</sub> bioaccessibility. FFA release kinetics followed Korsmeyer-Peppas model, indicating anomalous transport driven by diffusion and matrix relaxation. This study presents a promising platform for the dual encapsulation of bioactives with contrasting polarities, paving the way for applications in nutraceuticals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 125068"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbohydrate PolymersPub Date : 2026-05-15Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125011
He Liu , Yanru Li , Qiming She , Shenglong Yang , Jiameng Sun , Xinyi Zhi , Kaixuan Mao , Shixin Song , Lei Yu , Boyu Xiong
{"title":"Natural polysaccharides for alleviating heavy metal toxicity — Recent advances and future prospects","authors":"He Liu , Yanru Li , Qiming She , Shenglong Yang , Jiameng Sun , Xinyi Zhi , Kaixuan Mao , Shixin Song , Lei Yu , Boyu Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid global industrialization, human living environment has been contaminated by heavy metals (HMs), especially in food safety. HMs accumulate in the human body to toxic thresholds, posing serious health risks. Conventional chelation therapies entail high costs and significant side effects, whereas natural polysaccharides (NPs) have exhibited considerable potential in alleviating HM toxicity. However, holistic research on alleviation of HM toxicity by these polysaccharides has not been systematically elucidated, with gaps in exploring their diverse sources and multiple organs regulatory mechanisms. The sources and structures of NPs, the food-borne sources and toxic effects of HMs, are summarized in this review. The potential molecular mechanisms by which polysaccharides alleviate HM toxicity are elaborated. NPs alleviate HM-induced neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and enhancing cellular activity. NPs also regulate gut microbiota and metabolism to promote intestinal health and alleviate intestinal damage. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the structure-activity relationships of NPs. The limitations of NPs in alleviating HM-induced multi-organ toxicity are analyzed. Dietary interventions of polysaccharides for alleviating HM toxicity are investigated. Furthermore, the prospective research strategies of NPs against HM toxicity are proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 125011"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbohydrate PolymersPub Date : 2026-05-15Epub Date: 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.124956
Shenghui Li , Wenbo Li , Qian Cheng , Qizheng Tang , Guangshi Sun , Kexin Zhang , Shouxin Liu , Lijuan Wang
{"title":"All-biomass tunable CPL films based on cellulose nanocrystals and Taxus carbon dots for multimodal anti-counterfeiting and encryption","authors":"Shenghui Li , Wenbo Li , Qian Cheng , Qizheng Tang , Guangshi Sun , Kexin Zhang , Shouxin Liu , Lijuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.124956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.124956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellulose-based fluorescence carbon dots (CDs) hybrid materials exhibiting multiple optical states hold significant promise for advanced information encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications. However, constructing all-biomass circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with tunable optical states to substantially enhance anti-counterfeiting performance remains a challenge. Herein, a doping-free, one-pot hydrothermal method was developed to simultaneously synthesize blue-and red-emitting biomass carbon dots (B-BCDs and R-BCDs) using natural Taxus leaves as carbon sources. Subsequently, all-biomass CPL films with tunable emission were fabricated through an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) strategy, incorporating B/R-BCDs into eco-friendly chiral cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) matrices. The obtained all-biomass CPL films simultaneously displayed vivid structural colors with a blue-to-yellow transition and tunable multicolor fluorescence under UV irradiation. Ultrasonication treatment modulated the photonic bandgap (PBG) of CPL films, enabling tunable CPL emissions at 450 nm and 670 nm. Importantly, dual regulation of both the fluorescence from the BCDs and the structural color form the CNCs was achieved by leveraging the spectral overlap between the modulated PBG and the emission wavelengths of the BCDs. Furthermore, advanced information encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications were demonstrated based on the multimodal luminescence properties of these films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 124956"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbohydrate PolymersPub Date : 2026-05-15Epub Date: 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125039
Yiyun Wei , Guantian Li , Fan Zhu
{"title":"Structural, rheological, and physicochemical properties of starch-based eutectogels from diverse botanical sources","authors":"Yiyun Wei , Guantian Li , Fan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have emerged as green alternatives for starch modification, yet understanding of how native starch structure determines modification outcomes remains limited. This study elucidates the relationship between native starch type and DES treatment outcomes through characterization of eutectogels prepared from ten botanically diverse starches using fructose–malic acid natural DES (NADES). The acidic NADES promoted degradation of long-chain amylose and enhanced granule dissolution, leading to reduced gel network strength in eutectogels compared to hydrogels, with extents varying among starch types. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed reduced short-range ordered structures together with enhanced crystalline structures after NADES treatment. Thermal analysis indicated higher gelatinization temperatures for eutectogels. These molecular-level modifications were reflected by functional property changes that differed by starch category. Rheological and texture analyses showed that most eutectogels developed weaker gel networks with more fluid-like behavior, particularly those from root/tuber and cereal starches, whereas legume starch eutectogels exhibited greater shear resistance and reduced syneresis. Syneresis increased in most eutectogels except those from legume starches. Principal component analysis showed that amylose content, granule size, and crystalline structure governed NADES response patterns. These findings expand understanding of starch–NADES interactions and highlight the role of native structure in tailoring starch-based materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 125039"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbohydrate PolymersPub Date : 2026-05-15Epub Date: 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125022
Xiongyan Meng , Huimin Yang , Yannan Xue , Yingjie Zhong , Siqi Wang , Chen Li , Xiao Liu , Shuai Meng , Jianping Li , Tiantian Sun , Chengli Zong
{"title":"Structural validation and immunogenic characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22A capsular polysaccharide relative to serotype 22F","authors":"Xiongyan Meng , Huimin Yang , Yannan Xue , Yingjie Zhong , Siqi Wang , Chen Li , Xiao Liu , Shuai Meng , Jianping Li , Tiantian Sun , Chengli Zong","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> serotype 22A is a significant contributor to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in selected regions and is closely related to the vaccine-included serotype 22F. The repeating unit (RU) structure of serotype 22A capsular polysaccharide (CPS) was reported in a patent. In this study, we performed a comprehensive structural validation combining chemical derivatization, high-resolution MS, and NMR spectroscopy to confirm the RU structure, <em>O</em>-acetylation pattern, as well as its immunological characterization relative to 22F. The RU of 22A CPS was confirmed as: [→3)-<em>β</em>-D-Gal<em>f</em>-(1 → 2)-<em>α</em>-L-Rha<em>p</em>-(1 → 4)-<em>β</em>-D-GlcA<em>p</em>-(1 → 4)-(<em>α</em>-D-Gal<em>p</em>-(1 → 3))-<em>β</em>-L-Rha<em>p</em>-(2-OAc)(1 → 4)-<em>β</em>-D-Glc<em>p</em>-(1→]<sub>n</sub>. It is highly similar to that of 22F, with the key difference being a side chain <em>α</em>-<span>d</span>-galactopyranose in 22A versus <em>α</em>-<span>d</span>-glucopyranose in 22F. <em>O</em>-acetylation was also identified as an important structural feature. Immunogenicity was assessed using 22A and 22F CPS-CRM197 conjugates in rabbits. Both vaccines elicited robust antibody responses. Glycan microarray analysis revealed cross-reactive binding between 22A and 22F, while also demonstrating that <em>O</em>-acetyl group is a key contributing factor for antibody recognition. These findings provide the detailed structural characterization of 22A CPS, establish its distinction from 22F, and highlight the roles of side chain sugar and <em>O</em>-acetylation in immunogenicity, offering guidance for pneumococcal vaccine design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 125022"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbohydrate PolymersPub Date : 2026-05-15Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125031
Megan G. Roberts , Keanna Yu , Marcus A. Johns , Golshan Matinfar , Emily D. Cranston
{"title":"“All oat!” Optimizing the spray drying process for oat oil emulsions stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals and methylcellulose","authors":"Megan G. Roberts , Keanna Yu , Marcus A. Johns , Golshan Matinfar , Emily D. Cranston","doi":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil-filled powders are increasingly important as nutraceutical use expands across food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. Oat products are attractive for such applications due to their high antioxidant content, however oat oil (a grain refining by-product) remains challenging to stabilize because it readily oxidizes and thus has not previously been converted into a dry, reconstitutable powder. Here, we report a fully bio-based encapsulation platform in which oat oil is stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), food-grade methylcellulose, and tannic acid. Emulsion stability was evaluated for cold-pressed and solvent-extracted oat oils, with cold-pressed exhibiting superior stability. Spray drying was systemically optimized using a design-of-experiments (DOE) approach to quantify the effects of CNC content and processing parameters on powder yield and quality. The optimized powders achieved yields up to 82%, oil contents of 89%, moisture contents below 2%, and rapid reconstitution into stable emulsions, with CNC content identified as the dominant factor governing performance. CNCs were also extracted directly from oat hulls and applied to produce an “All Oat!” encapsulation system in which both stabilizer and oil come from a single biomass source. Overall, this work establishes a scalable, energy-efficient, carbohydrate-driven route to high-oil-loading powders that meets the growing demand for surfactant-free, sustainable formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":261,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymers","volume":"380 ","pages":"Article 125031"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}