Phytic acid and melamine-modified microcrystalline cellulose as effective flame retardants in polylactic acid composites

IF 10.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124087

Rui Pan , Erlei Yu , Yijing Wang , Guowei Liu , Zhong Wei

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Abstract

This study introduces a novel bio-based flame retardant, MCC-GMA-PA-MEL, synthesized from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) modified with phytic acid (PA) and melamine (MEL). Characterization of the resulting composites revealed a significant enhancement in PLA crystallinity to 35.9 %, driven by improved molecular mobility and heterogeneous nucleation effects. Flame retardancy assessments demonstrated a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 25.7 % and a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test, highlighting the composite's effective flame-resistant properties. Furthermore, cone calorimetry results showed an increased ignition time, accompanied by a 15.7 % reduction in peak heat release rate (pHRR) and a 4.1 % decrease in total heat release (THR), along with improved thermal stability and greater char formation during combustion. Mechanical testing confirmed that the properties of PLA/MCC-GMA-PA-MEL remained comparable to those of pure PLA, emphasizing its practical applicability. These findings suggest that MCC-GMA-PA-MEL represents a promising sustainable bio-based flame retardant, suitable for use in biodegradable plastics and fibers, thereby advancing the development of environmentally friendly materials.

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植酸和三聚氰胺改性微晶纤维素作为聚乳酸复合材料的有效阻燃剂

介绍了一种以植酸（PA）和三聚氰胺（MEL）改性微晶纤维素（MCC）为原料合成的新型生物基阻燃剂MCC- gma -PA-MEL。表征结果表明，由于分子迁移率和非均相成核效应的提高，PLA的结晶度显著提高至35.9%。阻燃性评估表明，极限氧指数（LOI）为25.7%，UL-94测试中的V-0等级，突出了复合材料的有效阻燃性能。此外，锥量热法结果表明，点火时间增加，峰值放热率（pHRR）降低15.7%，总放热率（THR）降低4.1%，同时热稳定性得到改善，燃烧过程中炭的形成量增加。力学测试证实PLA/MCC-GMA-PA-MEL的性能与纯PLA相当，强调了其实用性。这些研究结果表明，MCC-GMA-PA-MEL是一种有前景的可持续生物基阻燃剂，适用于生物降解塑料和纤维，从而推动环保材料的发展。

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来源期刊

Carbohydrate Polymers 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

22.40

自引率

8.00%

发文量

1286

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Carbohydrate Polymers stands as a prominent journal in the glycoscience field, dedicated to exploring and harnessing the potential of polysaccharides with applications spanning bioenergy, bioplastics, biomaterials, biorefining, chemistry, drug delivery, food, health, nanotechnology, packaging, paper, pharmaceuticals, medicine, oil recovery, textiles, tissue engineering, wood, and various aspects of glycoscience. The journal emphasizes the central role of well-characterized carbohydrate polymers, highlighting their significance as the primary focus rather than a peripheral topic. Each paper must prominently feature at least one named carbohydrate polymer, evident in both citation and title, with a commitment to innovative research that advances scientific knowledge.