Педагогика и просвещение最新文献

{"title":"The specifics of the methodology of teaching contemporary art to art teachers in Russian and Chinese universities","authors":"Xing Go","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.40929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.40929","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is the peculiarities of modern art and pedagogical education in Russia and China. The aim is to determine the specifics of the methodology of teaching contemporary art to Chinese and Russian students – future art teachers in Russian and Chinese universities. The article discusses the features of teaching this discipline in the largest art and pedagogical universities of Russia and China at the beginning of the XXI century. The research methodology is based on the provisions of pedagogy and psychology, the specifics, theory and methodology of art and pedagogical education. To achieve this goal, methods such as theoretical analysis of sources related to the teaching of contemporary art in universities in Russia and China, comparison of curricula and programs in them, pedagogical observation of students' activities were used.   The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it highlights and summarizes specific features in the teaching of contemporary art in Chinese and Russian art and pedagogical institutions of higher education based on the analysis of curricula and projects of the Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University and Moscow State Pedagogical University, as well as Beijing Pedagogical University and Peking University. As a result, the process of integrating contemporary art into the practice of Chinese and Russian pedagogical universities is shown; the features of interaction of students in educational activities with current artistic practices as a way of mastering the world art experience and its reflection. The conclusions of the author of the publication are that in order to optimize the process of acquaintance of students with contemporary art, both Russian and Chinese art and pedagogical universities offer them to conduct creative experiments with new materials, forms and means of expression as part of their independent work, as well as interact in specially organized spaces with the work of current artists.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133750684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Business game as a factor of increasing the effectiveness of the educational process in the professional retraining of doctors","authors":"O. V. Rogacheva","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.37952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.37952","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The experience of using the business game in the professional retraining of doctors is aimed at obtaining new knowledge and finding solutions to complex professional issues, taking into account knowledge of Russian legislation regulating the basics of medical activity, as well as taking into account personal professional experience and the experience of colleagues. Theoretical analysis. The use of a business game using the analysis of problematic issues in the professional retraining of doctors has a positive effect on the degree of their interest in the training itself and contributes to improving the effectiveness of the educational process as a whole. The business game, built on the basis of modeling complex issues and possible problem situations encountered in the professional activities of doctors, promotes their involvement in the learning process, which increases their professional skills. As a problem field of the business game, preliminary written answers of medical students were offered, where they indicated the difficulties, in their opinion, that they encounter or may encounter in their future work. The participants of the business game have prepared materials for examination in the form of products of medical students' activities. Conclusion and conclusions. The use of a business game in the professional retraining of physicians, based on the analysis of difficult issues encountered in their professional activities, contributes to increasing their involvement in the educational process, expanding practical skills, and also contributes to improving the effectiveness of training.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131476602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance with the secrecy regime during online training in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia","authors":"D.F. Minzyanova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.38301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.38301","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Strategic priorities for the development of modern Russian society and ensuring law and order require the establishment of an effective continuous educational process in the universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The author examines the issue of compliance with the secrecy regime in the process of online education of students in universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The relevance of the study is due to the scale of the spread of coronavirus infection and the development of information and communication technologies. The universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia have special disciplines that require secrecy in the process of online learning. These disciplines include operational investigative activities, operational investigative psychology, record keeping and secrecy regime, and others. The object of the study is the educational process organized online in universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The subject of the study is the methods of transmitting and exchanging information in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia within the framework of online distance learning. In the course of the study, the goal was achieved to substantiate the necessary and sufficient measures for the optimal implementation of educational programs of higher education, vocational training and advanced training of police officers in the conditions of expanding the information space, communication capabilities and limitations generated by the COVID 19 pandemic. The author conducted a comparative analysis of the relationship between the concepts of \"distance learning (education)\" and \"online learning (education)\". The conclusion is made about the need to expand the capabilities of the ISOD of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and the development of a single departmental digital educational portal of universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia within this information space. The author suggests improving the information potential of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the possibility of teaching special disciplines in the process of education online.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123440232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Phenomenon of Legal Awareness: Historical and Philosophical Reception in the Context of Educational Problems","authors":"Oleg Yur'evich Akimov","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.43429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.43429","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The study of the legal awareness in the educational space presumes its exposition as a universal phenomenon. This phenomenon combines two mutually agreed aspects. One aspect includes the theory of the legal awareness, that is determined with the philosophical reception of such concepts as the natural right and the positive right. The another aspect concerns the practical forms, that help to realize the legal awareness in the educational space by means of the creation of the special educational environment. The theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of the legal awareness shows the complexity of this problem, that connects legal and social sides of the phenomenon. The mutual integration of this directions is possible only on the theoretical level and basis on the grounds of the idealist philosophy by Kant, Hegel, Ilijin. The another possibility of such exposition gives the materialist philosophy primarily the marxism. This state can be explained with the antinomy of the phenomenon of the legal awareness. This antinomy allows the situations, when the special features of the phenomenon do not correspond with each other, but its unity keeps safer. This unity keeps safer by means of the theory of the reflection, that accentuates the material external world. The another way of the realization of this unity is connected with the idealist philosophy, that considers the legal awareness as the special structure- third option that corresponds with the human personality as the potency and the educational environment only realizes this third option. The modern theories of forming of educational environment in the educational space, created by V. V. Rubzov, V. A. Jasvin, V.I. Svobodchikov, V. I. Panov integrate this two approaches and emphasize the dialogical features of educational environment and do not reduce it to the ideal or material grounds.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114735056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the use of active and interactive methods in the teaching of Oriental disciplines in a distance format","authors":"Nataliya Yurievna Sivkina, S. Grigorieva","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.38568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.38568","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The object of this research is to study the organization of the educational process using active and interactive methods. The relevance of the topic is determined by the insufficient number of theoretical developments, research on the organization of interaction of these methods in a remote format. The purpose of this article was to clarify the features of the use of active and interactive methods in the conditions of distance learning and to present their own teaching methodology, the essence of which is the continuity and variability of the use of active and interactive teaching methods throughout the educational process by different teachers. The research methods are general philosophical methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as the method of systematization of materials, since the authors used various forms of classes, analyzed their effectiveness in terms of assimilation of the material and selected the most valuable options. In addition, the observation method and the survey method were used to obtain student reflection on the classes conducted. The novelty of the work lies in the development and implementation of the author's methodology for teaching Oriental disciplines in a classical university based on the continuity of courses and interdisciplinary interaction, which can be used both in full-time and in distance format. The cooperation of teachers of Oriental disciplines of IMOMI N.I. Lobachevsky State University is aimed at developing and achieving common goals, creating didactic and psychological conditions in which a student can show not only intellectual and cognitive activity, but also a personal social position, his individuality, express himself as a subject of learning. At the same time, teachers of Oriental disciplines carry out the continuity of courses not only from the point of view of the content of the material, but also from the point of view of the choice of teaching methods. The presented experience may be useful to teachers of other universities.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124402750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Officers's Virtues in Russian Fiction of the Second half go the XVΙΙΙ century (Part II)","authors":"P. Y. Naumov","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.38170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.38170","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Military people have long occupied a very special honorable and responsible place in society. To form a system of values of future officers is becoming an urgent task of professional military education. The article examines the domestic literary sources, which accumulate and present the psychological features of the merits of the officer in Russian fiction. The object of the work is the images of officers in the XVΙΙΙ century Russian literature, which are the artistic precursors of images of military intellectuals in Russian literature of the XΙX century. The subject of the article ‒ psychological features of the designated artistic images of a military mens. The main methodological approaches were systemic, cultural-historical and literary psychologism. Theoretical, general logical and empirical methods are used as methods. It is noted that the psychological representation of the features inherent in the military intelligentsia in the literature is carried out in several basic forms: 1) a direct representation of characters \"from the inside\", that is, through artistic cognition of the inner world of the actors, expressed through internal speech, images of memory and imagination); 2) an indirect form, i.e. psychological analysis \"from the outside\", expressed in the psychological interpretation by the writer of expressive features of speech, speech behavior, mimic and others means of external manifestation of the psyche); 3) in a summative-denoting form ‒ with the help of naming, extremely brief designation of those processes that take place in the inner world. The main scientific results of the article include the identification of psychological traits of intelligence officer in Russian fiction, as well as their social functions. The article consists of two parts, here is presented the second part of the work.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131356617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humanitarian Education and Political Education in a Non-Humanitarian University: the View of a Higher School Teacher","authors":"S. A. Dianov, Y. Dianova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.39827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.39827","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is the dynamics of changes taking place in the architecture of humanitarian education in Russian educational institutions of higher education in the XXI century. The article is written on the basis of the author's experience in teaching social and humanitarian academic disciplines. It is shown that in the 2000s, in non-humanitarian universities, the main emphasis was placed on teaching and developing the basics of political, sociological and cultural knowledge among students. The humanitarian presence in the curricula of the specialty made it possible to achieve intermediate goals of political education. In the subsequent period of time, knowledge about politics and the political structure of the country, about civic heroism and patriotism turned out to be on the periphery of professional educational routes of students. The authors note that currently, at the initiative of the Ministry of Education of Russia, the key foundations of humanitarian education are being revised. The number of classroom hours for studying the history of Russia and the main milestones of world history is increasing, work has begun on the introduction of the discipline \"Fundamentals of Russian Statehood\" into the educational process. At the same time, there is an obvious demand for systematic profile retraining of the teaching staff of non-humanitarian universities. The article contains specific proposals for the implementation of measures aimed at political education and civic education of all participants in the educational process at the university. Special attention is paid to postgraduate training in the political science field.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121910601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of Developing Value Orientations of Future Teachers in the Process of Mastering the Bachelor's Program","authors":"","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.40074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.40074","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article presents a theoretical analysis of approaches to the understanding of value orientations and mechanisms of their formation, reveals the impact of the educational process on the transformation of the complex value orientations of students - future teachers. The article presents the experience of designing the educational process of students in the direction of \"Pedagogical education\", aimed at promoting the development of value orientations of students - future teachers within the educational modules of the educational program. Particular attention in pedagogical design was paid to the peculiarities of applying the idea of affective area of B. Bloom's taxonomy of learning objectives and such mechanisms of value orientations formation as identification, empathy, individualization and reflection. D.A. Leontiev's \"Meaning-Life Orientation Test\" method was used to study the peculiarities of the complex of students' value orientations. The sample consisted of 84 students of \"Pedagogical education\" from the first to the third year. The results of the analysis of the data of the control study revealed positive dynamics in such indicators of value orientations as \"satisfaction with the results of their life activities\", \"degree of independence\", \"degree of responsibility\", \"control over your life\". Thus, the educational process, designed on the basis of such mechanisms of formation of value orientations, can be considered as a resource for the development of the value sphere of the personality of future teachers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128680968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of subjects of the educational Process with the help of a Foresight Project","authors":"Elena Aleksandrovna Yaroshenko, V. V. Sinaiko, Elena Aleksandrovna Sinaiko","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.38619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.2.38619","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article explores the possibilities of foresight technology as a pedagogical tool for predicting the future, competence in the structure of educational experience and assumes that it can be used to create new means of supporting learning technologies and their promotion in the educational process. This is one of the interactive forms of training for specialists of the preschool education system, which allows you to spread innovative pedagogical experience in working with preschool children in relevant areas. The purpose of the work is to study the foresight project method for the possibility of its application by participants of the educational process in preschool educational organizations, since preschool age is the initial stage of a child's awareness of their capabilities, laying the foundations of professional self-determination in the future, acquiring skills in the correlation of society's demands and their own abilities. In the course of the research, a questionnaire was created in five main areas to assess the implementation by heads of children's educational organizations of the use of the foresight project method in their teaching activities. The distinctive features of foresight design, the main problems and relevance of the application of this method by educational organizations are highlighted. Based on the data obtained, methodological recommendations for the use of the foresight project technology in the work on the interaction of subjects of the educational process have been developed. It is proved that the competent application of the foresight method in working with pupils of preschool educational organizations in combination with other modern technologies improves the education process, introduces preschoolers to the world of professions and helps to get the first skills of work.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130451383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching a foreign language in terms of inclusion","authors":"K. V. Pristavko","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.1.37316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.1.37316","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of the actual problem of teaching a foreign language to people with disabilities in inclusive education. The article also presents the author's view on overcoming the main difficulties associated with teaching a foreign language to people with disabilities. The authors considered: the main legislative acts regulating inclusive education; the main periods of the development of inclusion in European countries. The authors also considered the main differences between the two learning systems: inclusion and integration; the most relevant problems of learning LOVZ in the conditions of inclusion; solutions to these problems proposed by other authors of scientific research.Based on the conducted research, the authors made the following conclusions: inclusive education is one of the strongest of the modern trends in education, due to the change of views on disability and human rights in general; the goal of inclusive education is the comprehensive development of a person with disabilities, his socialization and realization of his potential in society, as well as providing opportunities for academic and professional mobility for LOVZ. The author's contribution in this article is to summarize the results obtained by other researchers. The authors have deduced concrete steps to solve the existing difficulties, as well as proposed their own solutions to the existing difficulties. \u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115778934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}