Педагогика и просвещение最新文献

{"title":"Continuous professional development and personal development of dental specialists and maxillofacial surgeons","authors":"Yuliya Vladislavovna Kalinina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2024.2.70199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2024.2.70199","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The mutual complementarity of continuous professional development (CPD) and self-development of a medical specialist is characterized. The contours of the CPD in the Central Scientific Research Institute of Physiotherapy and Maxillofacial Surgery, the training structures of systematically organized training of students is described. The introduction of joint parameters of CPD and self-development into the educational practice of dentists and maxillofacial surgeons helps to increase the effectiveness of their professional training, since self-development activates all aspects of the professional activity and scientific activity of doctors of this profile. The CPD system that is emerging on a global scale creates educational environment that precisely ensures the self-development of a highly qualified specialist, building his individualized educational trajectories and supporting career growth. A comparative analysis of the concepts of CPD and self-development is carried out. Based on the methods of historical analysis, growth points of scientific development in educational activities are identified. A research program has been substantiated and implemented to study the characteristics of the perception and evaluation of CPD by residents, graduate students and students of additional vocational training cycles at the Central Scientific Research Institute of Physics and Maxillofacial Surgery, based on questionnaire and interviewing methods. The article contains the results of empirical studies conducted for the first time in December 2023 among students at the Central Research Institute of Chest and Physiology. It is shown that the personal and professional growth of specialists is the main goal of CPD, and its implementation in Russia should be based on local traditions of forming its personnel potential and become an integral part of state social policy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"39 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140464904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Era of Hellenism in Russian school textbooks on the history of the Ancient World","authors":"Oleg Gabelko, Olga Aleksandrova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.68990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.68990","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the study is the reflection of the history of the Hellenistic era in current school textbooks on the history of the ancient world (5th grade). The history of Hellenism is one of the most interesting and complex periods in the history of not only Ancient Greece, but also Eastern civilizations, as well as the entire ancient world as a whole. This is the time of the appearance of new states on the political map and the formation of a complex system of relations between the peoples who inhabited them. It is natural to believe that such an important period should have been appropriately reflected in the school course of the history of the ancient world and textbooks: familiarity with the history of Hellenism helps not only to better understand historical processes, but also to study more deeply the history of culture and science that flourished in this era. The analysis of the textbooks, which remain the main source of information for schoolchildren, gives, however, a very ambiguous picture. Analysis of the material of current school textbooks allows us to form an idea of the general trends in the display of the history of Hellenism in the framework of school education. As a result of the consideration of the relevant topics of textbooks, a general trend in the coverage of the history of the Hellenistic era in school textbooks was revealed. The authors of the manuals, as a rule, turn to the vivid example of Alexandria of Egypt, focusing on this city to a much greater extent than on the very fact of the synthesis of Greek and Oriental cultures. The names of the rulers, both the founders of Hellenistic dynasties and their descendants, are mentioned infrequently, much more attention is paid to the development of science and art. Textbooks are limited in the selection and presentation of material both by the cognitive abilities of fifth grade students, who are important not to overload with information, and by a large volume of historical events that need to be packed into a small volume. In light of this, the authors' decision to focus more on culture and art looks quite logical, but the choice of a specific material does not always seem fully justified.","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"51 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139127040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of pedagogical university students for professional activity in additional education.","authors":"Mikhail Sergeevich Pasholikov","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.68685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.68685","url":null,"abstract":"Additional education has long been an integral part of the educational environment. Painting, sports, robotics and other areas make a significant contribution to the development of personality, while teachers play a key role in this process. Education and teaching go hand in hand, which makes it important to invest in the training and professional development of teachers. Today, teachers need various knowledge, skills and abilities to create lesson plans, organize training, work with the administration and interact with parents. Based on the analysis of modern literature and practical experience of the functioning of institutions of children's additional education, the author defines a set of competencies that allow teachers to make a significant contribution to the success of students, and therefore can be taken into account when designing the main professional educational programs of higher education as the results of their development. The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of updating the content of teacher training in the context of the interaction of higher pedagogical and children's additional education. The concept of training pedagogical personnel for the education system for the period up to 2030, methodological recommendations for the training of pedagogical personnel for bachelor's degree programs based on unified approaches to their structure and content (\"Core of higher pedagogical education\"), professional standard \"Teacher of additional education for children and adults\" are analyzed. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that on the basis of concretization of scientific ideas about the content of professional training of students of pedagogical vocation, a set of requirements for its results is proposed, clarified taking into account the qualification characteristics of the positions of employees of the system of additional education. The article offers recommendations that allow future teachers to prepare for a career in additional education. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of using its results in updating the content of the training of students of pedagogical specialties, compiling textbooks and workshops on the pedagogy of additional education.","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"59 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139127450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Analysis of the Problem of Formation of Professional Readiness of Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to Perform Official Duties","authors":"Rustem Rafekovich Sadekov","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.39667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.39667","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The author considers in detail such aspects in his work, which are devoted to the system of psychological support in the learning process. The study of the influence of the mental health of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation on their work productivity and communication in the service team. The subject of the research in the presented work was the process of professional education and training for law enforcement officers in various conditions. The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the formation of professional skills of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The object of the study was the professional skill formed by law enforcement officers in the process of performing official duties. The main conclusions of the study are the assumptions that the readiness of employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is often formed under the influence of various factors, circumstances and conditions. As the main ones, the author identified such as the development of professional motivation, psychological readiness to work in conditions associated with increased loads and peculiarities of service, awareness of the value of human and citizen life, the formation of verbal and non-verbal communication culture, the formation of tolerance to stressful situations, the absence of excessive requirements. The work is based on the analysis of fundamental and modern research on this issue, processing and drafting of modern provisions for training law enforcement officers to perform official duties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140520622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern Technologies and Hermeneutical Analysis of Poetic Text","authors":"Ekaterina Rudol'fovna Chemezova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.39927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.39927","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is a model of the use of modern technologies in literary analysis. The purpose of this study is to consider the stages of pedagogical technology of using AI technologies in hermeneutical text analysis. The object of the study is the poetic text of the Chinese poet of the Tang Du Fu era. The author of the article found that the use of AI-based Internet resources in the process of analyzing Chinese poetry helps to identify deep interpretations and meanings of key images. Special attention is paid to the possibility of expanding and deepening the semantic and hermeneutic meanings of Chinese poetry in the process of continuous analysis as part of pedagogical technology.  Based on the analysis performed with the help of AI, it was concluded that this kind of modern technology provides a quick adaptation of the identified meanings to the analysis process, which was considered on the material of the poetic text of Du Fu. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that until now, Internet resources based on AI have not been used for hermeneutical analysis of literary text as part of pedagogical technology in general and based on the material of Chinese poetic texts by Du Fu, the poet of the Tang era, in particular. In the future, it seems promising to investigate the types and features of AI tools as an element of pedagogical technologies for continuous analysis of literary texts in the process of training future philologists.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140518896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems of Integration of Domestic and Foreign Systems Education in the Modern Pedagogical Process","authors":"Sergei Vladimirovich Kalinin","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.39662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2024.1.39662","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article is devoted to the problems of integration of various education systems in order to improve pedagogical activity. The subject of the study is the integration of various education systems in the modern pedagogical process. The object of the research is the improvement of the modern pedagogical process based on the integration of domestic and foreign education systems. The author considers: modern problems of integration of various educational systems; goals and possible directions of integration; external and internal factors of implementation of integration processes; directions of improvement of the domestic pedagogical process based on the integration of various educational systems. The main conclusions of the study are: strengthening the educational orientation of the entire education system; reorientation of educational programs to a practical orientation; changes in the order of financing of the education system; providing educational organizations with effective communication with real production; expanding integration with the countries of the economic and political community; taking into account the positive experience of innovative methods of foreign education systems. The author's contribution: substantiation of the relevance of the topic; identification of the essence and content of the integration of various education systems; determination of goal-setting in educational activities. Scientific novelty: the essence and content of integration processes are clarified; integration problems are identified and analyzed; factors, conditions and directions of implementation of integration of Russian and foreign education systems are determined.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"189 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140516752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming cognitive overload of students through the design and development of the structure of the e-learning system","authors":"E.V. Bragina","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.43504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.43504","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The introduction and expansion of the use of e-learning systems (ELS) in the higher education system has made the educational resources of universities more accessible, interactive and effective for students. The growth in the number of users and the amount of data in the system leads to a number of technical and pedagogical problems. These include insufficient orientation to cognition and the lack of adequate pedagogical support for the needs of students. This leads to an increase in cognitive load and an increase in the dependence of learning success on the external motivation of students. The article presents some results of the study of the problem of developing a pedagogical model to expand the context of adult education in the higher education system, conducted by the author in 2021-2023. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and practical aspects of the model in terms of design and development of the ELS structure. The author conducted a critical analysis of the literature on the problem of using ICT to improve e-learning services. Modern e-learning systems, elements of their architecture, and problems of use in order to improve e-learning are systematized. The role of cognitive schemas and knowledge maps in the design and development of ELS is analyzed. The requirements for ELS based on knowledge mapping and the main elements of its structure have been developed. Using the results of this study in the process of designing and developing ELS will reduce the cognitive load of students and the number of refusals from the course, as well as increase the level of satisfaction with e-learning.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"289 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133787603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unfavorable epidemiological situation as an intensifier of digitalization of higher education","authors":"L. G. Kompaneeva, E. Gulyaeva, A. Gavrish, Daria Olegovna Platonova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.43503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.43503","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The relevance of the article is determined by the need to analyze the changes that occurred in higher education institutions in the area of the use of digital technology during and after the pandemic. Within the framework of this research, we conducted a content-analysis of the websites and curricula of Volgograd higher education institutions and a questionnaire survey of students in order to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the use of digital technology and e-learning in the modern context. Digitalization came into the process of the management of higher education institutions long ago, however, rapid changes in e-learning have occurred in the last two years, which was confirmed in the results of our study. 70-80% of students' independent work was transferred to electronic form, the classroom workload is replaced with online lessons, the teaching methods change: the use of mixed learning as well as blended and flipped learning increases. The results of the study make us think about the excessive enthusiasm for e-learning, possibilities and risks of its use. Digital education brings significant changes in the role of professors and students in the process of learning, which requires appropriate adaptation and causes changes in the management of the organizations and the introduction of new actors in the educational process. At the institutional level, our conclusions indicate the need to support the academic staff in the area of methodological and technical assistance since the process of digital transformation of higher education institutions is irreversible and its intensiveness continues to grow.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123662727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It is difficult to think about complex things (tools of new pedagogical thinking)","authors":"I. A. Leskova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.38432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.38432","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A new level of systemic complexity of the tasks facing modern education determines the need to search for new thinking tools that ensure their solution. This is the reason for the relevance of this research, the purpose of which is to offer a new thinking tool that provides the opportunity to think complexly and about complex things, to view an object, for example, education, as a complex whole, i.e. included through the generality of the constitutive basis in a system of diverse connections and interactions$ Qualitatively compress large arrays of heterogeneous information, integrate (collect) it into semantic coherence. In the process of scientific research, methods of scientific theorization were used in the context of the ideas of post-nonclassical science and on its methodological basis. The article considers the structure of the ontological representation as a tool of thinking, which is understood as the order of division of the world in the consciousness of society (how the meaning of this representation organizes consciousness). This is the scientific novelty of the study. Using the example of a traditional learning system, the fundamental influence of the structure of the ontological representation in which it is built (the separation between the subjective world and the objective world) is shown. From this position, four structural markers of this system and its basic meanings (ontological, anthropological, etc.) are identified. Their presence in educational (in) innovations indicates that these (in) innovations are a variant of the traditional learning system, respectively, the quality of the educational result and its inconsistency with the challenges of the time are common. The analysis of FGOS 4.0 — the first digital standard confirms this. The article examines the structure of the ontological foundation of a new education system capable of responding to the challenges of the time, its basic meanings are highlighted. It is concluded that in the new system, along with new educational opportunities, the educational opportunities of the traditional system of education should be used.\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127562173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional Author's Training Methods Computer-Graphic Modeling for Participants of the Advanced Engineering School","authors":"S. A. Dianov, Y. Dianova","doi":"10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.39807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.39807","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article presents a research view on the features of the organization of the process of teaching computer-graphic modeling for participants in the educational process within the framework of an advanced engineering school. It is shown that this direction is not innovative and the creative teams of university engineering schools have already gained some experience in quickly solving typical problems in the process of advanced training of a highly qualified specialist. At the same time, the authors of the article draw attention to circumstances that significantly limit the achievement of ambitious goals pursued in the implementation of pilot educational programs. The application of the participants of the advanced engineering school to bridge the gap between theory and practice looks especially declarative, given that the formation of even basic skills (spatial thinking) for many members of elite engineering training groups requires significant time costs. Today, in Russian universities, this problem is solved by traditional methodological methods as part of the teaching of the discipline \"Engineering Geometry and Computer Graphics\". The author's methods of teaching computer-graphic modeling outlined in the article are addressed to innovative teachers who realistically assess their capabilities when developing their own design educational products for students who have made a conscious choice in favor of an advanced engineering school. The article was written based on the results of approbation of the author's pedagogical initiatives in the educational process of the university (Perm Polytechnic University).\u0000","PeriodicalId":259901,"journal":{"name":"Педагогика и просвещение","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122522383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}