Biomass & Bioenergy最新文献

{"title":"Development of the second-generation ethanol production process from sisal mucilage","authors":"Tássia Cristina da Silva ,&nbsp;Bárbara Ribeiro Alves Alencar ,&nbsp;Ana Cristina Fermino Soares ,&nbsp;Sarita Cândida Rabelo ,&nbsp;Everardo Valadares de Sá Barreto Sampaio ,&nbsp;Allan Almeida Albuquerque ,&nbsp;Rômulo Simões Cezar Menezes","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sisal mucilage (SM) is a lignocellulosic material produced by extracting sisal fiber and passing it through a rotary sieve. It is estimated that only 4 wt% of the <em>Agave sisalana</em> plant is converted into fiber (sisal), while the remaining 96 wt% is discarded as production waste. This study aimed to valorize SM in the production of lignocellulosic ethanol without pretreatment steps. The SM was characterized and showed 39.68 ± 0.32 % cellulose, 13.12 ± 0.22 % hemicelluloses, 6.14 ± 0.5 % lignin, 30.57 ± 0.48 % extractives and 4.11 ± 0.05 % ash. The pre-treatments were harmful for ethanol production, since only lignin was broken down or the cellulose and hemicellulose fractions released HMF, furfural, and acetic acid instead of glucose and xylose. Applying hydrolysis directly on the raw mucilage showed a better response in the extraction of fermentable carbohydrates, after optimization: 101.6 g/L of glucose in enzymatic hydrolysis and 36.12 g/L of glucose in acid hydrolysis. These results agreed with the literature, which reported 100.06 g/L in <em>Agave tequilana</em> under pre-treatment and with enzymatic hydrolysis. The fermentation efficiency of acid and enzymatic routes was 56.86 % (0.04 g ethanol/g biomass) and 71.46 % (0.13 g ethanol/g biomass). This efficiency is a critical parameter in industrial biotechnology, directly impacting production yields, costs, and scalability. Within this context, the present study proved that it was possible to produce ethanol with SM without pretreatment processes. These results indicate opportunities for developing bioenergy value chains that may contribute to development in dry regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 108376"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study on pine needle-based energy generation: Perspectives on techno-economics and sustainability","authors":"Madhuka Roy ,&nbsp;Sayon Chakravarty ,&nbsp;Brij Kishore ,&nbsp;Krishnendu Kundu","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive techno-economic analysis (TEA) was conducted for a hypothetically scaled up system (1.5 ton per day) to compare these three pathways based on energy input, biofuel yield, and economic viability. The energy input for a 1.5 ton per day (TPD) biogas plant with physicochemical pretreatment and co-digestion was 2369 kW h/ton, generating 586 m³ of methane (CH₄) daily. The 1.5 TPD pyrolysis plant working at 577 °C yields 405 kg bio-oil and 585 kg biochar with a total energy input of 7846 kW h per ton of feedstock. The 1.5 TPD torrefaction plant, at 350 °C for 60 min, generates 829 kg of briquettes requiring input energy of 8814 kW h per ton of biomass. Economic analysis indicates that anaerobic digestion achieved a profit of INR 115.28 lakh per annum with a production cost of INR 30/m³, and a payback period of 1.29 years, while pyrolysis and torrefaction exhibited profits of INR 51.64 lakh and INR 26.83 lakh yearly, with a production cost of INR 62.56/kg and INR 13.33/kg having corresponding payback in 1.45 and 2.92 years, respectively. Profitability metrics and cost distribution highlight that feedstock cost, energy consumption, and product market prices significantly influence profitability. Among the three pathways, anaerobic digestion is the most economically viable option, with a Return on Investment (ROI) of 68.56 %. This study emphasizes the need of TEA for commercial scalability based on the data of lab scale and bench scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 108359"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-yield synthesis of biomass-derived carbon dots for enhanced taraxacum growth","authors":"Guanxiong Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Dong ,&nbsp;Yinying He ,&nbsp;Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangli Li ,&nbsp;Dongyue Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Duan ,&nbsp;Jing Feng ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Lu ,&nbsp;Lijuan Gui ,&nbsp;Sheng Hou ,&nbsp;Zonglin Liu ,&nbsp;Haijing Peng ,&nbsp;Yu Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon dots (CDs) derived from biomass have emerged as promising nanomaterials for agricultural applications due to their biocompatibility, tunable properties, and sustainability. The objective of this study was to develop a high-yield, eco-friendly synthesis method for biomass-derived CDs and evaluate their multifunctional performance in agriculture. Herein, we report a high-yield synthesis strategy for biomass-derived CDs using chrysanthemum, honeysuckle, and artemisinin as precursors, achieving yields of up to 79.5 %. The synthesized CDs using chrysanthemum, acrylamide, and initiator as precursors exhibit excellent water retention capabilities in soil, with a 14 % improvement compared to control groups after 24h, and demonstrate significant reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, including hydroxyl (·OH) and superoxide (·O₂⁻) radicals. Specifically, the hydroxyl radical scavenging efficiency reaches 63.2 % at a concentration of 200 μg/mL, with an <em>IC</em>₅₀ value of 77 μg/mL, and the superoxide radical scavenging efficiency reaches nearly 50 % at 0.8 mg/mL. Furthermore, foliar application of these CDs promotes the growth of Taraxacum officinale, enhancing root, stem, and leaf lengths by 8.7 %, 110 %, and 116 %, respectively. This work provides a scalable and eco-friendly approach to synthesizing functional CDs for sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 108351"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biphasic system and benign polymerization enable full utilization of biomass components","authors":"Jiakang Liang ,&nbsp;Jingyi Han ,&nbsp;Man Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Yu ,&nbsp;Li Chen ,&nbsp;Cunshan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and high-value lignin conversion requires overcoming lignin inhibition and condensation. This study presents a novel biphasic system comprising deep eutectic solvent (DES, choline chloride/p-toluenesulfonic acid) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MeTHF), integrated with syringol (S-ol)-induced directional lignin addition catalyzed by AlCl₃ for comprehensive biomass utilization. This system enables efficient fractionation of sugarcane bagasse, achieving over 95 % lignin removal under optimal conditions (80 °C, 1 h, DES(P-TSA:ChCl:AlCl₃ = 1:1:0.1):MeTHF = 1:1, 0.3 g S-ol). The resulting cellulose residue exhibits a high lignin removal rate and enhanced enzymatic digestibility, yielding 757.9 mg/g glucose after 72 h of hydrolysis, a 3.5-fold increase compared to bagasse. Hemicellulose conversion to furfural is facilitated by the biphasic effect, with 69.73 % total yield (10.07 % in DES phase and 60.66 % in MeTHF phase), occurring at a lower temperature (80 °C) than conventional methods. Lignin modified by S-ol (S-lignin) accumulates in the MeTHF phase, forming low-molecular-weight S-lignin that produces 40.04 % bisphenol analogs via pyrolysis, showing potential as a sustainable substitute for fossil-based bisphenol A. This strategy integrates lignin directional transformation, cellulose protection, and hemicellulose conversion, providing a green pathway for full valorization of lignocellulosic biomass and promoting sustainable biorefinery development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 108330"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BioCalc: a novel life cycle-based tool for quantifying the carbon credits of solid biofuels in Brazil","authors":"Antonio Carlos Farrapo Junior ,&nbsp;Leonardo Vásquez-Ibarra ,&nbsp;Ricardo Rebolledo-Leiva ,&nbsp;Diogo Aparecido Lopes Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing global demand for low-carbon energy sources has intensified interest in solid biofuels, such as pellets, particularly in regions with abundant biomass availability like Latin America. However, methodological and regulatory challenges persist in assessing their carbon footprint and integrating them into carbon credit schemes. This study presents BioCalc, a novel computational tool adapted from the Brazilian RenovaCalc model to quantify the carbon intensity of solid biofuels under a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework. The tool incorporates harmonized emission factors, land use change modeling, and cradle-to-grave system boundaries to enable robust assessments. Three biomass sources—peanut shell, Pinus, and Eucalyptus—were analyzed across domestic, export, and mixed market scenarios. BioCalc calculated carbon intensity and potential decarbonization credits (CBIOs) using three LCA approaches: standard attributional LCA, Circular Footprint Formula (CFF), and zero-burden assumption. Results revealed substantial emission reductions—up to 97 % compared to fossil fuels—and highlighted methodological sensitivities in credit quantification, with CFF yielding the highest economic potential. National production forecasts were evaluated, projecting up to USD 103.9 million in revenues under specific conditions. This research provides a policy-aligned, science-based pathway for integrating solid biofuels into regulated and voluntary carbon markets. It strengthens the case for regulatory updates to include densified biomass fuels in Brazil's decarbonization strategies and offers a replicable model for advancing circular bioeconomy principles in the global energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 108334"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modeling of the wood biomass particles thermal decomposition process","authors":"A.S. Zavorin,&nbsp;G.V. Kuznetsov,&nbsp;S.V. Syrodoy,&nbsp;A.S. Poznaharev,&nbsp;A.A. Kostoreva,&nbsp;Zh.A. Kostoreva","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal power remains one of the main parts of the world energy, which is confirmed by the high level of electricity generation by coal-fired thermal power plants in countries with the most developed industry. However, due to the negative impact of power plants on the environment, in recent years there has been an intensive search for methods and means of reducing the concentration of anthropogenic oxides in flue gases. One of these methods is the combustion of wood biomass in furnace devices. However, it should be said that the problem of slagging of heating surfaces of furnace devices has not been solved. This is due to the lack of a theory describing the full range of thermophysical and thermochemical processes leading to the “sticking” of wood particles during the period of thermal preparation for combustion in boiler furnaces. The purpose of this article is to develop, based on the results of preliminary experiments, a mathematical model of the processes of pyrolysis of wood particles taking into account the formation of liquid pyrolysis products and a theoretical analysis of the time characteristics of the completion of the pyrolysis process of typical particles of wood biomass.</div><div>The article presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies of the process of thermal decomposition of individual particles of wood biomass. Based on the experimental results, temperature trends were established in the central region of a wood particle during its heating. It was shown that during the period of thermal decomposition, a complex set of thermochemical reactions with positive and negative thermal effects occurs in a wood particle. It was found that complete pyrolysis of solid wood particles at moderate temperatures (less than 1200 K) is practically impossible under combustion conditions even with very small wood particle sizes (0 &lt; δ &lt; 1 mm). It was also shown that pyrolysis of particles with a characteristic size of about 1 mm is completed in 2–3 s at moderate temperatures.</div><div>Based on the results of the experimental and theoretical studies, two temperature regimes were established (low-temperature and high-temperature). Under low-temperature heating conditions, reactions with negative thermal effects usually prevail. Under high-temperature heating conditions, reactions with significant exothermic thermal effects occur in wood particles. A mathematical model was developed to describe heat transfer in wood particles during pyrolysis, taking into account the thermal conductivity tensor. Comparison of theoretical and experimental data showed a good correlation between them. Based on the results of theoretical studies, characteristic times of complete thermal decomposition of a large group of wood particles were established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 108342"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermochemical conversion of anaerobic digestate into light transportation- biofuel over HZSM-5 catalyst","authors":"Romina Aarabi ,&nbsp;Mokhtar A. Babatabar ,&nbsp;Ahmad Tavasoli","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, anaerobic digestate (AD), a by-product of biogas production, was thermochemically converted into gasoline-like biofuel through pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading using HZSM-5 zeolite. Non-catalytic pyrolysis was first performed over a temperature range of 400–700 °C to determine optimal operating conditions. A maximum liquid bio-oil yield of 43.5 wt% was achieved at 550 °C. Catalytic pyrolysis under the same conditions reduced bio-oil yield (35.8 wt%) but significantly enhanced product quality. GC-MS analysis showed that catalytic upgrading with HZSM-5 effectively reduced oxygenated compounds by up to 75.6 % and nitrogen-containing species by 33 %, while increasing hydrocarbon content from 34.2 % to 55.3 %. The presence of HZSM-5 favored the formation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons and shifted the hydrocarbon distribution toward lighter gasoline-range compounds (C5–C10). Elemental analysis confirmed a higher heating value (HHV) improvement from 21.53 to 31.39 MJ/kg with catalytic treatment. Additionally, the produced biochar showed high levels of essential nutrients like phosphorus and potassium, indicating potential application as a soil amendment. The findings demonstrate that catalytic pyrolysis of AD over HZSM-5 offers a promising route for producing cleaner, high-energy biofuels and valuable by-products, contributing to sustainable waste valorization and renewable energy development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 108350"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to metals and metallic mixtures at environmental concentrations impairs photosynthesis and microalgal biomass production: A lab study with Raphidocelis subcapitata (Chlorophyceae)","authors":"Giseli Swerts Rocha ,&nbsp;Maria G.G. Melão","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the environment, microalgae are exposed to several stressors, including metals. These stressors affect the algal metabolism (e.g., growth, photosynthesis, biochemical composition) and can alter the quality (mainly in terms of lipids, fatty acids, carbohydrates) and the quantity of algal biomass produced. These alterations can be beneficial, e.g., due to the presence of a stressor, algae can produce more lipids, which can be useful for biotechnological purposes. However, finding the exact combination and/or concentration of stressors that stimulates algal production is still a huge challenge. In the present study, we evaluated how environmental concentrations of cobalt (Co, essential metal), aluminum, and lead (Al and Pb, non-essential metals), isolated and in combination (Co + Al and Co + Pb), affect the growth and photosynthesis of the microalga <em>Raphidocelis subcapitata</em>. Isolated, Co and Al negatively affected growth and photosynthetic parameters, while Pb did not impact them. Growth was the most sensitive parameter evaluated under mixture, while the decrease of non-photochemical quenchings indicates damage to the photoprotection mechanisms of algae in the presence of multiple stressors, especially in Co + Al. Given that the evaluated concentrations of Co, Al, and metallic mixtures negatively impacted growth and compromised carbon assimilation by algae, we recommend conducting further studies to assess the biochemical composition of algae exposed to environmental concentrations of metals and mixtures. This will enhance our understanding of changes in algal metabolism and help define better strategies for increasing carbon assimilation and biomass production, which could be beneficial for biotechnological applications and phytoremediation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate approach for the optimization of sucrose ethanolysis: Paving the way to the exploitation of sucrose-rich by-products","authors":"Lorenzo Bonaldi,&nbsp;Claudia Antonetti,&nbsp;Domenico Licursi,&nbsp;Rosaria Lorè,&nbsp;Nicola Di Fidio,&nbsp;Sara Fulignati,&nbsp;Anna Maria Raspolli Galletti","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The depletion of fossil resources is making the synthesis of renewable compounds urgent. Ethyl levulinate (EL) represents a strategic compound within the biorefinery process, being a valuable intermediate, solvent and biofuel additive of renewable origin. The one-pot ethanolysis is the preferred route for its synthesis, but the proper optimization of the reaction conditions to maximize the EL yield and minimize the critical by-products formation, diethyl ether (DEE) and humins, is still a challenge. In this regard, the present work aims at the optimization of sucrose ethanolysis through the multivariate approach, adopting H₂SO₄ as catalyst and following the high gravity approach (10.5 wt% sucrose loading), which allows the obtaining of concentrated EL streams, increasing productivity and making downstream operations easier and cheaper. The optimization allowed a compromise between the highest EL yield and the lowest DEE production, thus simplifying EL purification and consuming less solvent that can be recycled in the following run. Under these conditions, the humins formation was also kept low and, for the first time, not only the solid humins were characterized, proving to be suitable as solid fuel turning into a co-product of the process, but also the chemical structure of the soluble ones was investigated. For the first time, a preliminary study regarding the ethanolysis of thick juice was also performed, thus opening the way to the employment of low-cost sucrose-rich feedstocks as substrate for the synthesis of EL. Thus, this work contributes to making the synthesis of a strategic renewable compound as EL more sustainable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic analysis of the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) process to produce sustainable ethylene from biogas derived from organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW)","authors":"Leonardo Colelli,&nbsp;Nicola Verdone,&nbsp;Valentina Segneri,&nbsp;Giorgio Vilardi","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) process, a technology designed to convert methane into ethylene, a valuable chemical. Specifically, a dynamic analysis is conducted to evaluate the performance of a plug-flow reactor in the OCM process for producing sustainable ethylene from biogas derived from the anaerobic digestion of OFMSW (Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste). The dynamic behavior of the system is assessed using Aspen HYSYS simulation software to ensure both process productivity and safety. A steady-state analysis of the reactor is conducted, using a kinetic model based on a Na₂WO₄/Mn/SiO₂ catalyst to operate with 417 Nm³/h of biogas. An inlet temperature of 610 °C to activate the reaction, and a pressure of 300 kPa to take advantage of low-pressure operation benefits. Based on trial and error method, the controllers are tuned and optimized to achieve the desired system response, with biogas flowrate variations (±10 % and ±20 %). Biogas flowrate upset (±5 %) tests are conducted to evaluate the system's response. Additionally, start-up tests are performed using biogas and nitrogen streams to determine an enhanced procedure for managing the process under dynamic conditions. The control system is fine-tuned, successfully limiting the reactor temperature to safe levels, below 800 °C. Flowrate variations are managed adjusting the key process parameters accordingly to maximize methane conversion, ethylene selectivity, and yield. Rapid start-up phases, allow to reach steady-state conditions approximately 13 min with biogas and 12 min with nitrogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"203 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}