Journal de Jure最新文献

{"title":"Mediasi Penal Sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Perkara Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga","authors":"Emy Rosnawati, Mochammad Tanzil Multazam, Siti Khotimah, Rifqi Ridhlo Pahlevy","doi":"10.18860/J-FSH.V10I2.4888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/J-FSH.V10I2.4888","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to describe the process of criminal acts solution for domestic violence by using penal mediation and knowing the constraints in its implementation. The research method used is the juridical sociology with the collection of data through observation, interview, and related research. Qualitative descriptive was used for data analysis. Penal mediation process begins with the agreement of the parties for discussion accompanied by investigator as a mediator so that final decision is reached according to both parties’ expectation. Unfortunately, in the implementation, the penal mediation faces some constraints such as no special institution for handling this matter, lack of public trust towards law enforcement, and time limitations. In a nutshell, penal mediation as an alternative dispute resolution in domestic violence is an effective way to support justice. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan proses penyelesaian tindak pidana kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dengan menggunakan mediasi penal dan mengetahui kendala – kendala dalam pelaksanaannya. Metode penelitian yang  digunakan adalah yuridis sosiologis dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan penelitian terkait kemudian dianalisa secara diskriptif kualitatif. Proses mediasi penal diawali dengan mempertemukan para pihak untuk bermusyawarah dengan didampingi oleh penyidik sebagai mediator sehingga tercapai penyelesaian perkara sesuai keinginan kedua belah pihak. namun dalam prakteknya mediasi penal mengalami kendala antara lain belum adanya lembaga khusus yang menanungi, kurangnya rasa kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap aparat penegak hukum, keterbatasan waktu. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa mediasi penal sebagai alternatif penyelesaian sengketa perkara kekerasan dalam rumah tangga lebih efektif daripada sekedar pemidanaan terhadap pelaku.","PeriodicalId":253542,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Jure","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131074827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro Kontra ‘Aul Dalam Kewarisan Islam: Studi Komparatif Antara Pandangan Sunni dan Syiah","authors":"Syabbul Bachri","doi":"10.18860/J-FSH.V10I2.6707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/J-FSH.V10I2.6707","url":null,"abstract":"Kewarisan mendapat perhatian yang besar dalam Islam karena adanya ayat-ayat dalam al-Quran yang secara terperinci menjelaskan konsep dasar kewarisan. Meskipun demikian, terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang kemudian muncul dan tidak ditemukan cara penyelesaiannya dalam al-Quran dan Hadits. Oleh karena itu, ulama mengambil jalan ijtihad untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut. Diantara permasalahan tersebut adalah masalah kelebihan bagian waris atau kekurangan harta waris untuk dibagikan kepada ahliwaris sesuai dengan fard. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana ulama’ Sunni dan Syiah menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut serta menjelaskan apa yang melatarbelakangi pandangan dari keduanya. Studi ini merupakan kajian normatif komparatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data primer diambil dari buku-buku referensi Sunni dan Syiah. Sedangkan data sekunder berasal dari artikel-artikel jurnal dan buku-buku terkait dengan topik pembahasan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sunni menyelesaikan kasus kekurangan harta dengan cara ‘aul dengan mengurangi porsi bagian ahliwaris secara merata. Sedangkan Syiah menentang konsep tersebut dengan alasan kemustahilan bagi Allah untuk menentukan bagian fard ahliwaris untuk harta yang tidak mencukupi bagian fard tersebut. Inheritance receives great attention in Islam due to the existence of verses in the Koran which explains in detail the basic concept of it. Nevertheless, there are several problems which arise and aren't found ways to resolve them in the Koran and Hadith. Therefore, scholars took independent reasons ( ijtihad ) to solve the problems. Among these problems is the problem of excess portion of inheritance or lack of inheritance to be distributed to the heirs according to fard (Koranic portion). The purpose of this study is to explain how Sunni and Shi'a scholars solve the problem and explain what lies behind the views of both. This study is a comparative normative one with a qualitative approach. Primary data is taken from Sunnite and Shiite books. While secondary data comes from journal articles and books related to the topic of discussion. The results of the study showed that Sunniite resolved cases of property shortages by means of ‘aul that is by reducing the portion of the heirs equally. Whereas the Shiites opposed the concept with the excuse of the impossibility for Allah to determine fard to the heirs for assets that did not cover the portions .","PeriodicalId":253542,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Jure","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114122512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Larangan Perkawinan Jilu dan Pembinaan Keluarga Sakinah di Kabupaten Blitar","authors":"A. Amelia","doi":"10.18860/J-FSH.V10I1.6571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/J-FSH.V10I1.6571","url":null,"abstract":"The  jilu  tradition is a prohibition on marriage traditions, that is practiced for generations in Javanese tribes. This prohibition applies to the first child and the third child who will get married. Some people believe that violations of this tradition harm the family. Even though some others consider this tradition to be a myth. This article aims to describe the couple's views on the tradition and the various efforts made by the pair of jilu in forming a sakina family. This article comes from empirical research with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted in Sidorejo Village, Ponggok District, Blitar District, East Java. The results of this study indicate that the  jilu  tradition is a cultural expression of Javanese tribes to maintain marital continuity. Nevertheless, some people consider that the development of a happy family does not have to go through this tradition, it can also be through a good understanding of religion, effective communication, mutual understanding and love as husband and wife. Tradisi jilu adalah larangan tradisi perkawinan yang masih dipraktikkan secara turun temurun di masyarakat suku Jawa. Larangan ini berlaku bagi anak pertama dan anak ketiga yang anak menikah. Sebagian masyarakat meyakini pelanggaran terhadap tradisi ini membawa dampak negatif bagi keluarga. Meksipun sebagain lainnya menganggap tradisi ini adalah mitos. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pandangan pasangan jilu terhadap tradisi tersebut dan berbagai upaya yang dilakukan pasangan jilu dalam membentuk keluarga sakinah. Artikel ini berasal dari penelitian empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sidorejo Kecamatan Ponggok Kabupaten Blitar Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian ini menunukkan bahwa tradisi jilu merupakan ekspresi budaya masyarakat suku Jawa untuk menjaga kelanggengan perkawinan. Meskipun demikian, sebagian masyarakat menilai bahwa pembangunan keluarga yang bahagia tidak harus melalui tradisi ini, dapat pula melalui pemahaman agama yang baik, komunikasi yang efektif, saling memahami dan mencintai sebagai suami istri.","PeriodicalId":253542,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Jure","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127324845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Provision of Radd in Inheritance Between Islamic Jurisprudence and the Algerian Family Law","authors":"Maiza Aissa","doi":"10.18860/J-FSH.V10I1.6466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/J-FSH.V10I1.6466","url":null,"abstract":"This study is aimed to figure out  on how current legal device gives legal certainty over the excess of heritage partition (radd) in Algeria. The comparation between Islamic jurisprudence and the Algerian Family Law is used to analyse judicial consideration on which matters regarding the excess of heritage partition are based. The writer used normative law method which consists of statute approach and conceptual approach. The understanding of radd in Islamic scholars’ views differ from one another. Some scholars accept the concept and some do not. Those who disagree with radd consider that the excess of heritage should be given to bayt al mal as muslims representative. On the other hand, scholars who agree with the concept of radd have also different opinions regarding who are entitled to receive the excess of heritage. Some include spouse (husband or wife) but some exclude him/her. The Algerian Family Law gives provision in this case for a legal certanty, as it’s stated in the article number 167 of the Algerian Family Code that wife and husband are excluded to receive radd. They can only receive it in the absence of ashaba heirs/residuaries, other fixed share heirs, and  dzaw al arham (uterine relatives).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perangkat hukum saat ini memberikan kepastian hukum atas kelebihan bagian warisan (radd) di Aljazair. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perbandingan antara fikih Islam dan Hukum Keluarga Aljazair. Penulis menggunakan metode hukum normatif yang terdiri dari pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Pemahaman radd dalam pandangan sarjana Islam berbeda satu sama lain. Beberapa sarjana menerima konsep itu dan beberapa tidak. Mereka yang tidak setuju dengan radd menganggap bahwa kelebihan warisan harus diberikan kepada bayt al mal sebagai perwakilan muslim. Di sisi lain, para sarjana yang setuju dengan konsep radd juga memiliki pendapat berbeda tentang siapa yang berhak menerima kelebihan warisan. Hukum Keluarga Aljazair memberikan ketentuan dalam kasus ini untuk kepastian hukum, seperti yang dinyatakan dalam pasal 167 dari Kode Keluarga Aljazair bahwa istri dan suami dikecualikan untuk menerima radd. Mereka hanya dapat menerimanya tanpa adanya ahli waris/ashabah, pewaris bagian tetap lainnya, dan dzaw al arham (kerabat dekat).","PeriodicalId":253542,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Jure","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130745337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quo Vadis Penundaan Pencatatan Perkawinan bagi Wanita Hamil di Luar Nikah","authors":"Maziyyatul Hikmah","doi":"10.18860/j-fsh.v10i1.5917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v10i1.5917","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to describe the policy of postponing marriages because prospective pregnant brides are out of wedlock in Junrejo Subdistrict, Batu City, East Java and describe the views of legal experts on the policy. This article is based on empirical juridical research with a qualitative approach. The research data was obtained through interviews with informants and supported by books, articles, related statistical data. The results of the discussion of this article indicate that the delay in the implementation of marriage registration because prospective pregnant brides outside of marriage have the potential to cause acts of abuse and harm the community because the legislation does not require that female candidates are not pregnant when applying for marriage registration at KUA. This policy raises two different attitudes among community leaders. The support group stated that this policy reduced free sex while the group that did not agree with this policy assessed the rights of children in womb to be sacrificed in the event of a marriage delay.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kebijakan penundaan perkawinan karena calon mempelai perempuan hamil di luar nikah di Kecamatan Junrejo Kota Batu Jawa Timur dan mendeskripsikan pandangan para pakar hukum terhadap kebijakan tersebut. Artikel ini didasarkan pada penelitian yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan informan dan didukung dengan buku, artikel, data statistik terkait. Hasil pembahasan artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa penundaan pelaksanaan pencatatan perkawinan karena calon mempelai perempuan hamil di luar nikah berpotensi kuat menimbulkan tindakan kesewenang-wenangan dan merugikan masyarakat karena peraturan perundang-undangan tidak mensyaratkan bahwa calon perempuan tidak sedang hamil pada saat mengajukan pemberitahuan pencatatan nikah di KUA. Kebijakan ini menimbulkan dua sikap yang berbeda di kalangan tokoh masyarakat. Kelompok yang mendukung menyatakan bahwa kebijakan ini mengurangi perilaku seks bebas sedangkan kelompok yang tidak sepakat dengan kebijakan ini menilai hak anak yang ada dalam kandungan dikorbankan pada saat terjadi penundaan perkawinan.","PeriodicalId":253542,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Jure","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131910555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nembot Penganu Sebagai Kearifan Lokal Suku Paser Perspektif ‘Urf","authors":"Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman","doi":"10.18860/J-FSH.V10I1.6606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/J-FSH.V10I1.6606","url":null,"abstract":"‘Urf had emerged since being in the amid of Indonesian society long before Islam came, including the tradition of nembot penganu . This article aims to describe the process of carrying out the nembot penganu tradition in the traditional marriage of Paser tribe and to analyze the tradition of nembot penganu in perspective ‘urf . This research is empirical research with a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the tradition of nembot penganu is a submission of various objects and money to prospective brides before the contract. The procession of the tradition is divided into saheeh urf and fasid urf . Submission of symbolic objects such as beras kuning, pandanus leaves and betel leaves including saheeh urf because it does not contain an element of polytheism. The procession of scattering beras kuning and coins includes as the fasid urf because it is over-attitude. Determination of nominal cash in the submission is considered as urf saheeh if it agrees with the willingness of men, and adjusts their abilities. Conversely, it becomes fasid urf if determined by the prospective bride's family and does not adjust the ability of the prospective bridegroom. ‘Urf telah muncul sejak ditengah-tengah masyarakat Indonesia jauh sebelum Islam datang, termasuk di dalamnya tradisi nembot penganu. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pelaksanaan tradisi nembot penganu dalam perkawinan adat Suku Paser dan menganalisis tradisi nembot penganu dalam perspektif ‘urf . Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa tradisi nembot penganu merupakan pemberian benda dan uang  kepada calon mempelai perempuan sebelum akad. Prosesi dari tradisi tersebut terbagi dalam ‘urf shahih dan ‘urf fasid. Penyerahan benda-benda simbolis seperti beras kuning, daun pandan, dan sirih termasuk ‘urf shahih karena tidak mengandung unsur kemusyrikan. Prosesi penghamburan beras kuning dan uang logam termasuk ‘urf fasid karena bersifat sikap berlebih-lebihan. Penentuan nominal uang seserahan menjadi ‘urf shahih jika atas kerelaan pihak laki-laki, dan menyesuaikan kemampuanya. Sebaliknya, hal tersebut menjadi ‘urf fasid apabila ditentukan oleh keluarga calon mempelai perempuan dan tidak menyesuaikan kemampuan calon mempelai laki-laki.","PeriodicalId":253542,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Jure","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132544623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legalitas Sumpah Pocong Sebagai Alat Bukti di Pengadilan Agama","authors":"Rifqi Kurnia Wazzan","doi":"10.18860/J-FSH.V10I1.6516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/J-FSH.V10I1.6516","url":null,"abstract":"Pocong Oath (an oath carried out by someone in a state of being wrapped in a shroud like a dead person) is one of the community traditions to decide a case. The community believes that pocong oath has a direct impact on those who say it. Even so, this tradition becomes problematic if it is faced to the applicable law. In the provisions of the procedural law, there is no explanation that pocong oath is included as one of the evidences. This article seeks to describe the views of religious court judges on the legality of pocong oath as evidence at the trial along with its legal basis. This article comes from juridical sociology research with a phenomenological descriptive approach. The primary source of research is taken from the results of interviews to religious court judges. While large secondary data are from journal articles and books related to this research. The results of this study indicate that pocong oath is not part of the procedural law of religious courts. Nevertheless, through extensive interpretation and application of the procedural principles of the religious court, substantially pocong oath can be accepted as the decisive oath that has the power of litis decissoir.Sumpah pocong adalah salah satu tradisi masyarakat untuk memutus suatu perkara. Masyarakat meyakini sumpah pocong membawa dampak langsung terhadap para pihak yang mengucapkannya. Meskipun demikian, tradisi ini menjadi bermasalah jika dihadapkan dengan hukum yang berlaku. Dalam ketentuan hukum acara, tidak ada penjelasan bahwa sumpah pocong termasuk dalam salah satu alat bukti. Artikel ini berupaya mendeskripsikan pandangan hakim pengadilan agama terhadap legalitas sumpah pocong sebagai alat bukti di persidangan beserta dasar hukumnya. Artikel ini berasal dari penelitian yuridis sosiologi dengan pendekatan deskriptif fenomenologis. Sumber primer penelitian diambil dari hasil wawancara dengan hakim pengadilan agama. Sedangkan data sekunder besar dari artikel jurnal dan buku yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sumpah pocong bukan bagian dari hukum acara peradilan agama. Meskipun demikian, melalui penafsiran ekstensif dan penerapan asas-asas hukum acara peradilan agama, secara substansial sumpah pocong dapat diterima sebagai sumpah pemutus yang memiliki kekuatan litis decissoir.","PeriodicalId":253542,"journal":{"name":"Journal de Jure","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125143125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}