Applied Energy最新文献_第8页

Reinforcement learning for data center energy efficiency optimization: A systematic literature review and research roadmap

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125734

Hussain Kahil , Shiva Sharma , Petri Välisuo , Mohammed Elmusrati

{"title":"Reinforcement learning for data center energy efficiency optimization: A systematic literature review and research roadmap","authors":"Hussain Kahil , Shiva Sharma , Petri Välisuo , Mohammed Elmusrati","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With today’s challenges posed by climate change, global attention is increasingly focused on reducing energy consumption within sustainable communities. As significant energy consumers, data centers represent a crucial area for research in energy efficiency optimization. To address this issue, various algorithms have been employed to develop sophisticated solutions for data center systems. Recently, Reinforcement Learning (RL) and its advanced counterpart, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), have demonstrated promising potential in improving data center energy efficiency. However, a comprehensive review of the deployment of these algorithms remains limited. In this systematic review, we explore the application of RL/DRL algorithms for optimizing data center energy efficiency, with a focus on optimizing the operation of cooling systems and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) processes, including task scheduling, resource allocation, virtual machine (VM) consolidation/placement, and network traffic control. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol, we provide a detailed overview of the methodologies and objectives of 65 identified studies, along with an in-depth analysis of their energy-related results. We also summarize key aspects of these studies, including benchmark comparisons, experimental setups, datasets, and implementation platforms. Additionally, we present a structured qualitative comparison of the Markov Decision Process (MDP) elements for joint optimization studies. Our findings highlight vital research gaps, including the lack of real-time validation for developed algorithms and the absence of multi-scale standardized metrics for reporting energy efficiency improvements. Furthermore, we propose joint optimization of multi-system objectives as a promising direction for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125734"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A coordinated optimization strategy for Charging Station siting and EV dispatch based on response costs: A case study of Chicago 基于响应成本的充电站选址与电动汽车调度协调优化策略：芝加哥案例研究

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125791

Yanjia Wang , Da Xie , Pengfei Zhao , Chenghong Gu , Xitian Wang

{"title":"A coordinated optimization strategy for Charging Station siting and EV dispatch based on response costs: A case study of Chicago","authors":"Yanjia Wang , Da Xie , Pengfei Zhao , Chenghong Gu , Xitian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the issue of response costs in the process of electric vehicles (EVs) participating in grid dispatch and proposes a coordinated optimization strategy for charging station siting and EV dispatch based on response costs. The strategy was validated and analyzed using actual driving data from over 4 million vehicles in Chicago, USA. Firstly, the strategy employs a two-level clustering algorithm that comprehensively considers the relationship between different grid states and the corresponding EV conditions, optimizing the locations of charging stations. This optimization reduces the average distance for EV response dispatch across Chicago by 0.3004 km. Subsequently, a distributed dispatch strategy based on adjustable capacity assessment parameters is proposed, which takes into account both the number of EVs and their proximity to charging stations. This strategy enhances the adjustable capacity of EVs around charging stations while reducing the response costs of participating EVs by 18.70 %, thereby significantly improving their willingness to respond. Finally, the necessity of coordinating charging station siting and EV dispatch, along with the advantages of the proposed strategy, is validated through experimental results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125791"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electromechanical modeling of advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system compressed charging unit: Incorporating compressor dynamical performance under variable operating conditions

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125739

Siyuan Chen, Laijun Chen, Sen Cui, Hanchen Liu, Wei Wei, Shengwei Mei

{"title":"Electromechanical modeling of advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system compressed charging unit: Incorporating compressor dynamical performance under variable operating conditions","authors":"Siyuan Chen, Laijun Chen, Sen Cui, Hanchen Liu, Wei Wei, Shengwei Mei","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The large capacity and independence of fossil fuels make advanced-adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA-CAES) a promising technology for supporting the integration of volatile renewable energy resources. Current AA-CAES models mainly focus on planning level problems such as efficiency improvement. The electromechanical dynamics of AA-CAES system underpin controller design and stability analysis, which is the foundation of power system operation, but received less attention, because the intricate and nonlinear interactions between the pneumatic and mechanical operations of the compressor, occurring over milliseconds to seconds, make the modeling problem highly complicated to maintain the simplicity to facilitate the design of the control system while describing complex dynamic behavior. This paper proposes an electromechanical transient model of the charging unit of AA-CAES, considering compressor dynamical performance under variable operating conditions. Based on the conservation of mass, momentum and angular momentum, the compressor dynamics are characterized by a nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which achieve a proper balance between accuracy and complexity. The model parameters can be calibrated using measured data of real plants or the existing models in the literature. A simulation module for the charging process is developed in the Matlab/Simulink platform. The proposed transient model can capture the surge instability, which is characterized by a limit cycle at a primary frequency of 7 Hz. The model also elucidates the transient dynamics of driving torque, inlet guide vanes (IGVs) and throttle valve adjustments. By accounting for mechanical-pneumatic coupling, it demonstrates how each control action affects all state variables on a millisecond-to-second timescale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125739"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating user preferences and demand uncertainty in electric micro-mobility battery-swapping station planning: A data-driven three-stage model

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125713

Fan Zhang , Huitao Lv , Chenchen Kuai

{"title":"Integrating user preferences and demand uncertainty in electric micro-mobility battery-swapping station planning: A data-driven three-stage model","authors":"Fan Zhang , Huitao Lv , Chenchen Kuai","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid adoption of electric micro-mobility vehicles (EMVs), the demand for efficient, user-centered battery-swapping infrastructure is rising. However, existing battery-swapping station (BSS) planning often falls short by neglecting critical elements such as user preferences and demand uncertainty. This study introduces a three-stage BSS planning framework that holistically addresses demand allocation, location-capacity optimization, and deployment adaptability under fluctuating demand. First, EMV users' preferences are integrated into a demand allocation model, capturing range anxiety and individual station selection criteria. This demand-sensitive allocation then informs a multi-objective bi-level planning model, balancing construction costs with user travel distances to BSS facilities. Finally, the model incorporates a demand uncertainty layer, supported by simulation scenarios, to create a robust facility deployment strategy that anticipates various demand fluctuations. An improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) effectively optimizes this model, validated through a case study in Nanjing, producing 41 Pareto-efficient solutions. Sensitivity analysis highlights how factors like range anxiety and charging time impact BSS planning outcomes, underscoring the value of this data-driven approach. This work demonstrates that a comprehensive planning approach, integrating user behavior and uncertainty considerations, can significantly enhance the effectiveness and adaptability of EMV battery-swapping networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125713"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Degradation analysis of dynamic voltage response characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells for health evaluation under dynamic load

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125741

Lei Huang , Xuexia Zhang , Yu Jiang , Sidi Dong , Ruike Huang , Hongbo Liao , Shuangxi Tang

{"title":"Degradation analysis of dynamic voltage response characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells for health evaluation under dynamic load","authors":"Lei Huang , Xuexia Zhang , Yu Jiang , Sidi Dong , Ruike Huang , Hongbo Liao , Shuangxi Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate health assessment for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) can facilitate early control/maintenance, thereby extending the lifespan and reducing costs. Existing health factors and online characterization of degradation mechanisms are mainly based on voltage or power. However, the dynamic voltage response under the dynamic load cycles and complex conditions poses significant challenges in assessing the degradation states. This paper provides an in-depth understanding of the degradation behavior in the dynamic voltage response. First, a dynamic voltage decomposition method is proposed, using differences in high-frequency impedance obtained from extended distribution of relaxation times (DRT) before and after load changes. Subsequently, a relative transient resistance is introduced to represent and quantify the degradation behavior of different components of the dynamic voltage response. The results show that platinum oxide and gas diffusion account for more than 80 % of the total contribution and they dominate the degradation of the dynamic response. The degradation behavior of each component is investigated in detail. Key determinants are identified and validated through a proposed semi-empirical mechanistic dynamic model (RMSE values are less than 0.0259). Furthermore, Pearson correlation between the polarizations and inductive processes is evaluated with a coefficient of 0.94. Finally, a perspective for extracting health factors considering dynamic responses is proposed. Compared to traditional voltage-based health factors, <em>R</em><sub>eq</sub> and <em>R</em><sub>ne</sub> extracted from the negative resistance equivalent circuit exhibit stronger monotonicity over time, a higher trend-to-variance ratio, and lower time-series complexity, offering significant advantages in health assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125741"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon-aware day-ahead optimal dispatch for integrated power grid thermal systems with aggregated distributed resources

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125715

Tong Gou , Yinliang Xu , Hongbin Sun

{"title":"Carbon-aware day-ahead optimal dispatch for integrated power grid thermal systems with aggregated distributed resources","authors":"Tong Gou , Yinliang Xu , Hongbin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accommodation of large-scale renewable energy and distributed resources with uncertainty and variability imposes higher flexibility requirements in integrated energy systems. This article proposes a low-carbon day-ahead optimal scheduling model for the integrated power grid thermal systems. First, the network topology and safety operation constraints of the integrated power grid thermal system are considered to ensure the economical and stable operation of the system. Second, a polyhedral based thermally controllable residential load aggregation/ disaggregation method is proposed to obtain the approximate feasible region and equivalent cost parameters of the aggregator, and the uncertainty of the parameters is modeled through distributed robust chance constraints. Third, on the basis of the theory of carbon emission flow, the carbon potential of the prescheduled power grid thermal system is analyzed to guide the development of resource scheduling strategies. Method studies with different scales of integrated power grid thermal systems were conducted, and the results showed that the proposed model can reduce carbon emissions by 8.67 % and 10.71 %, respectively, while ensuring economic benefits and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125715"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soft costs and EVSE – Knowledge gaps as a barrier to successful projects

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125749

Peter Benoliel , Margaret Taylor , Timothy Coburn , Ranjit R. Desai , Stephen Schey , Mindy Gerdes , Peng Peng

{"title":"Soft costs and EVSE – Knowledge gaps as a barrier to successful projects","authors":"Peter Benoliel , Margaret Taylor , Timothy Coburn , Ranjit R. Desai , Stephen Schey , Mindy Gerdes , Peng Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a recent push to increase access to electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure. The National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) program, part of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL) has made significant funding available for major charging infrastructure projects along state thruways, and many state and local incentives exist for EV owners to install chargers in their homes. However, deployment of these chargers has not kept up with demand, primarily due to issues in project planning, permitting processes, and unforeseen delays. This paper serves as a review of the current understanding of these and other non-hardware costs in EV charging infrastructure projects (collectively known as “soft costs”). We found that soft costs in EV charging infrastructure projects are not well understood. Specifically, there is little agreement on how soft costs should be categorized and tracked, and less agreement still on best practices for controlling these costs and lowering barriers to infrastructure deployment. A broader review of EV charging infrastructure cost analyses shows that these costs can have significant impacts on project outcomes. EV charging infrastructure projects may be able to examine the success of the solar industry in lowering soft costs, and a similar effort may lower project costs significantly. Further work on standardizing and collecting data on EV charging infrastructure costs is required to begin addressing and controlling these costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125749"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role of saline water splitting in sustainable energy solutions and hydrogen economy

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125733

Mahesh M. Shanbhag , Shanu Mishra , Nagaraj P. Shetti , Bruno G. Pollet , Shankara S. Kalanur

{"title":"Exploring the role of saline water splitting in sustainable energy solutions and hydrogen economy","authors":"Mahesh M. Shanbhag , Shanu Mishra , Nagaraj P. Shetti , Bruno G. Pollet , Shankara S. Kalanur","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of seawater for hydrogen production via electrolysis is a significant step toward a sustainable hydrogen economy. Over the past decade, research has highlighted the importance of seawater electrolysis (SWE) in future hydrogen infrastructure. This review emphasizes recent advancements in SWE technology that position hydrogen as a bio-inert energy carrier to support renewable energy integration for climate action and carbon neutrality. The key challenges in saline water splitting (SWS), such as seawater's corrosive effects on catalysts and the competing chlorine and oxygen evolution reactions that reduce efficiency, are critically examined. Advancements in electrocatalysis are summarized as a promising approach to developing efficient and corrosion-resistant catalysts for SWS. Catalysts with exceptional hydrogen evolution coupled with low chlorine evolution activities can significantly enhance the performance and economic potential. Significant challenges in SWS, including catalyst scaling and the presence of chloride ions are elaborated and recent developments to overcome these challenges are briefed along with positioning SWS as a promising and sustainable method for hydrogen production. By addressing the multifaceted technical and economic challenges, coupling SWS with industrial process and renewable energy sources could play a pivotal role in meeting future energy demands sustainably, thereby contributing to global efforts in combating climate change and promoting renewable energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125733"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of electrolyte in the polysulfide shuttle effect and long-term cycling performance in cathodes for LiS batteries based on sulfurated polyisoprene

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125778

Sadananda Muduli , Jesús M. Blázquez-Moreno , Almudena Benítez , Michael R. Buchmeiser

{"title":"Role of electrolyte in the polysulfide shuttle effect and long-term cycling performance in cathodes for LiS batteries based on sulfurated polyisoprene","authors":"Sadananda Muduli , Jesús M. Blázquez-Moreno , Almudena Benítez , Michael R. Buchmeiser","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we present a one-step and scalable synthesis of sulfurated-poly(isoprene) (SPI) containing 48 wt% covalently bound sulfur that avoids the formation of long-chain polysulfides and the polysulfide shuttle effect. Furthermore, a comprehensive comparative electrochemical study was conducted using three electrolytes, i.e. LiPF<sub>6</sub> in ethylene carbonate (EC): diethyl carbonate (DEC), LiPF<sub>6</sub> in EC: DEC with the addition of 10 wt% of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and LiTFSI in 1,3-dioxolane (DOL): 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) with 0.1 M LiNO<sub>3</sub>. LIPF<sub>6</sub>/FEC electrolyte-based cells allow for exceptional capacity at high rates up to 5C, with extraordinary stability over 1100 cycles. This may be attributed to the formation of both a stable cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) and solid electrolyte interphase at the anode (SEI). Furthermore, galvanostatic intermittent titration (GIT) and Randles-Sevcik diffusion studies are conducted to investigate the influence of ionic radius and conductivity of PF<sub>6</sub><sup>−</sup> and TFSI<sup>−</sup> anions on Li<sup>+</sup>-ion diffusion, as well as the formation of fluorinated interlayers between the electrode and electrolyte, as revealed by <em>post-mortem</em> analysis. The kinetics of the electrochemical mechanisms for the LiPF<sub>6</sub>/FEC-based electrolyte are also analyzed, demonstrating an exceptionally high diffusive contribution at elevated rates. In view of the elimination of the shuttle effect and its exemplary electrochemical performance in conjunction with the LiPF<sub>6</sub>/FEC-based electrolyte, SPI is proposed as a potential host material for use as cathodes in Li<img>S batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125778"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Doubling the thermo-osmotic energy conversion efficiency through the reduction of heat and mass transfer resistance

IF 10.1 1区工程技术

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125740

Yifan Zhang, Ji Li, Zikang Zhang, Yubo Tan, Zhichun Liu, Wei Liu

{"title":"Doubling the thermo-osmotic energy conversion efficiency through the reduction of heat and mass transfer resistance","authors":"Yifan Zhang, Ji Li, Zikang Zhang, Yubo Tan, Zhichun Liu, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing efficiency is crucial to applying low-grade heat energy. Thermo-osmotic energy conversion (TOEC) system is a promising and efficient method to utilize low-grade heat. This study systematically investigates integrating high thermal conductivity network into the liquid chamber to decrease heat transfer resistance and examine the impact of water degassing on the transmembrane resistance. These measures notably boost the system's experimental and theoretical efficiencies, doubling them compared to similar systems. Furthermore, the experimental water flux of a single-stage TOEC system also reaches an attractive value of 56.69 L/m<sup>2</sup>/h. The theoretical model reveals that the 38-stage system attains a peak operational efficiency of 4.72 % and a corresponding power density of 34.05 W/m<sup>2</sup> at heating and cooling temperatures of 80 °C and 40 °C, respectively. This study exhibits a feasible approach for enhancing the efficiency of TOEC system and improving the water yield of pressure-retarded membrane distillation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":246,"journal":{"name":"Applied Energy","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 125740"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0