Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Research progress on lipid nanoparticle messenger RNA delivery system.","authors":"Shun He, Shuai Liu","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>mRNA therapeutic is a biotechnology that involves delivering <i>in vitro</i> transcribed mRNA into specific cells to produce target proteins for the treatment or prevention of diseases. However, the development of mRNA therapeutics relies largely on mRNA delivery systems, and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) represent the most widely used mRNA carriers in clinical applications. Composed of ionizable lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, and polyethylene glycol-lipids, LNPs can address critical challenges in mRNA drug development, such as poor <i>in vivo</i> stability and the difficulty in crossing biological barriers. Ultimately, LNPs enable safe, efficient, and targeted mRNA delivery to the liver, lung, spleen, and so on. This review outlines the roles of the four lipid components in LNPs for mRNA delivery. Then it introduces targeted mRNA delivery to various organs/tissues such as the liver, lung, spleen, pancreas, bone marrow, and placenta, using strategies of antibody modification, lipid structure alteration, and specialized administration routes. Additionally, this review discusses the applications and challenges of LNP-based mRNA therapeutics in disease treatment, aiming to provide insights for the clinical translation of mRNA therapies and the further innovation of LNP delivery systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[<i>In vitro</i> cultured calculus bovis alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating microglial polarization and inhibiting NLRP3].","authors":"Tanlu Chu, Wei Zhang, Jingwen Chen, Zeyue Pan, Lingfeng Wang, Xiaoming Zhong, Fengmei Qiu, Zhen Huang","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0573","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of <i>in vitro</i> cultured calculus bovis (ICCB) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) and its mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A CIRI rat model and a cell model were induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in Sprague Dawley rats and oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in BV2 cells, respectively. The CIRI rat model was evaluated using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), brain water content, and cerebral infarction volume after 1.5 h of ischemia followed by 72 h of reperfusion. Histopathological changes in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 region were observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Microglial polarization and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome expression in the cortex were examined by immunofluorescence. BV2 cell viability was measured via MTT assay after treatment with ICCB and Nigericin. The expressions of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 proteins and inflammatory cytokines were detected with Western blotting in OGD/R treated BV2 cells (0.5 h OGD+24 h reperfusion) and in cells pretreated with Nigericin for 24 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ICCB treatment significantly improved neurological function, reduced cerebral infarct volume and brain water content, and mitigated pathological damage in the cortical and hippocampal CA1 regions of rats subjected to CIRI (all <i>P</i><0.05). ICCB promoted the transition of cortical microglia from M1 to M2 phenotypes and suppressed NLRP3 activation in microglial cells (all <i>P</i><0.01). ICCB significantly down-regulated the expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 proteins, and reduced the secretion of IL-18 and IL-1β in BV2 cells of OGD/R model (all <i>P</i><0.01). In addition, Nigericin significantly reversed the salvage effect of ICCB on model cells (both <i>P</i><0.01) and the modulation of inflammatory cytokines (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ICCB exerts a protective effect against CIRI by mitigating neuroinflammation, through the reduction of M1 microglial polarization, promotion of M2 conversion, and suppression of the NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"360-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[<i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transi-tion of gastric mucosa in rats with gastric precancerous lesions].","authors":"Luping Ma, Xin Zuo, Weikai Zhu, Jiyan Li, Yanyan Zhao, Jingyuan Zhang, Hui Shen","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0536","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> on gastric mucosal epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in rats with gastric precancerous lesion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group (<i>n</i>=11), model control group (<i>n</i>=13), <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> (SD) group (<i>n</i>=13) and vitase group (<i>n</i>=13). Gastric precancerous lesion animal model was prepared by 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine complex polyfactor method, and the drugs were administrated by gavage once a day for 6 weeks. The pathological changes of gastric mucosa were observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining, the expression of EMT marker proteins were detected with immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the model control group, the gastric mucosal injury was significantly attenuated in the <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> group, the mucosal tissue structure gradually recovered, the saccular expansion area was reduced, and the inflammatory infiltration was ameliorated. The expression of epithelial cadherin was higher, and the expression of neural cadherin and vimentin in the <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> group were lower than those of model control group (all <i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> can ameliorate gastric mucosal injury in rats with gastric precancerous lesion by reversing the EMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"342-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Shenge powder inhibits myocardial fibrosis in rats with post-myocardial infarction heart failure through LOXL2/TGF-β1/IL-11 signaling pathway].","authors":"Hang Xie, Boyong Qiu, Haitao Li, Ruoyu Shi","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0606","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of Shenge powder (SGP) on myocardial fibrosis in rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction and its relation with lysyl oxidase like protein 2 (LOXL2)/transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/IL-11 signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-two SPF male SD rats were divided into blank control group, model control group, SGP small dose group, SGP large dose group, positive control group, SGP large dose+LOXL2 activator group, with 12 rats in each group. Except for the blank control group, post-myocardial infarction heart failure was induced by coronary constriction. Corresponding treatments were given immediately after successful modeling, once a day for 4 weeks. Left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in rats were detected by color Doppler ultrasound imaging. Levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum were analyzed by ELISA method. Myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) was evaluated by Masson staining. Expressions of collagen Ⅰ and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in myocardial tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) in myocardial tissue were detected by qRT-PCR. Expression of LOXL2, TGF-β1, and IL-11 proteins in myocardial tissue were detected by Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the blank control group, the LVFS and LVEF of the model control group decreased, the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-1β elevated, and the CVF value, the expressions of collagen Ⅰ and α-SMA in myocardial tissue, <i>MMP</i>-<i>9</i> and <i>TIMP</i>-<i>1</i> mRNA, and LOXL2, TGF-β1, IL-11 proteins increased (all <i>P</i><0.05). Compared with the model control group, the LVFS and LVEF of SGP small dose group, SGP large dose group and positive control group increased, the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-1β decreased, and the CVF value, the expressions of collagen Ⅰ and α-SMA in myocardial tissue, <i>MMP</i>-<i>9</i> and <i>TIMP</i>-<i>1</i> mRNA, and LOXL2, TGF-β1, IL-11 proteins decreased (all <i>P</i><0.05); while LOXL2 activator reversed the improvement effect of high-dose SGP on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure rats after myocardial infarction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Shenge powder may inhibit myocardial fibrosis in heart failure rats after myocardial infarction by inhibiting the LOXL2/TGF-β1/IL-11 pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"350-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Short-term outcomes of transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement with Venus-P valve in patients with moderate-to-severe pulmonary regurgitation and right ventricular systolic dysfunction].","authors":"Haiyue Xie, Wenhao Zhu, Zhiyuan Xia, Gejun Zhang","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0493","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the short-term outcomes of transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) using the Venus-P valve in patients with moderate-to-severe pulmonary regurgitation and right ventricular systolic dysfunction (RVSD) following surgical repair of complex congenital heart disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients undergoing Venus-P valve implantation (TPVR group, <i>n</i>=28) or surgical pulmonary valve replacement (SPVR group, <i>n</i>=19) at Fuwai Hospital between February 2014 and February 2024. All patients had moderate-to-severe pulmonary regurgitation with right ventricular ejection fraction less than 45% preoperatively. Postoperative pulmonary valve function and ventricular parameters were assessed at discharge and during a 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All procedures were successfully completed with no early mortality. At 6 months, the TPVR group demonstrated significantly lower pulmonary valve transvalvular pressure gradients compared to the SPVR group (<i>P</i><0.05). Both groups exhibited significant improvements from baseline in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, biventricular ejection fractions, and right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (all <i>P</i><0.05). The reduction in right ventricular end-diastolic diameter differed between the two groups (<i>P</i><0.01). However, multivariable analysis revealed no association between this difference and surgical approach (<i>β</i>=4.4, <i>P</i>>0.05). In the TPVR group, QRS duration was significantly shortened postoperatively (<i>P</i><0.01), with improvements in left ventricular end-diastolic volume index and cardiac index (both <i>P</i><0.01), but these improvements did not differ significantly from the SPVR group (all <i>P</i>>0.05). During the follow-up, one patient in each group developed infective endocarditis within 1-month post-procedure; both were successfully treated with antibiotics. No other major complications were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For patients with moderate-to-severe pulmonary regurgitation and RVSD, TPVR using the Venus-P valve effectively improves short-term pulmonary valve function and ventricular performance with a favorable safety profile, demonstrating potential as a minimally invasive alternative to SPVR .</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"390-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Vitexin-4 ″-<i>O</i>-glucoside alleviates acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury].","authors":"Fan Dong, Shanglei Lai, Jiannan Qiu, Xiaobing Dou","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0381","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the protective effect of vitexin-4 ″-<i>O</i>-glucoside (VOG) against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice and its underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group, model control group, low-dose group of VOG (30 mg/kg), and high-dose group of VOG (60 mg/kg). Acute liver injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of acetaminophen (500 mg/kg). VOG was administrated by gavage 2 h before acetaminophen treatment in VOG groups. The protective effect of VOG against acute liver injury was evaluated by detecting alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) levels and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity in liver were detected to evaluate the hepatic oxidative stress. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, <i>Il</i>-<i>1β</i>, and <i>Il</i>-<i>6</i> in liver were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression levels of phosphorylated c-jun <i>N</i>-terminal kinase (JNK)/JNK, phosphorylated p38/p38, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE-1α), X-box binding protein 1s (XBP1s), and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in liver were detected by Western blotting. An endoplasmic reticulum stress model was established in AML-12 cells using tunicamycin. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, and the degree of cell damage was detected by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The gene expression levels of <i>Ire</i>-<i>1α</i>, <i>Xbp1s</i>, and <i>Grp78</i> in the cells were detected using qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the animal experiments, compared with the model control group, VOG significantly improved plasma ALT and AST levels, liver MDA content, as well as SOD and CAT activities. VOG also reduced the expression levels of <i>Tnf</i>-<i>α</i>, <i>Il</i>-<i>1β</i>, and <i>Il</i>-<i>6</i> in the liver, and improved protein phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38, as well as the protein expression levels of IRE-1α, XBP1s, and GRP78. In cell experiments, VOG pretreatment enhanced cell viability, reduced LDH release and decreased the mRNA expression of <i>Ire</i>-<i>1α</i>, <i>Xbp1s</i>, and <i>Grp78</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VOG can suppress inflammation and oxidative stress, and alleviate acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress and modulating the MAPK signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"307-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in pharmacological research for retinopathy of prematurity].","authors":"Yanxi Xie, Suilian Zheng, Hui Yang","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0216","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative retinal vascular disease that threatens the vision of premature infants. Various novel drugs have demonstrated therapeutic potential for ROP by targeting signaling pathways associated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [such as PI3K/AKT, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/VEGF], oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and Notch pathways. Propranolol, insulin-like growth factor-1, and celecoxib attenuate pathological neovascularization via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Tripterine and melatonin inhibit retinal neovascularization by modulating the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling axis. Adiponectin mitigates the damage caused by oxidative stress and preserves endothelial function by enhancing endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress TNF-α-mediated inflammatory responses, modulate retinal development and angiogenesis, and reduce retinal neovascular lesions. DAPT, a γ-secretase inhibitor, blocks Notch signaling to suppress abnormal vascular proliferation. These agents exhibit synergistic multi-pathway anti-angiogenic effects in preclinical models and early-phase clinical trials, offering critical insights for advancing drug development and clinical translation in ROP management.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"411-421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pachymic acid promotes brown/beige adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism in preadipocytes].","authors":"Kunling Chen, Xiaobing Dou, Yiyou Lin, Danyao Bai, Yangzhou Luo, Liping Zhou","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0355","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of pachymic acid on brown/beige adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism in preadipocytes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>3T3-L1 MBX cells were induced to differentiate into beige adipocytes using a brown cocktail method. The impact of pachymic acid on the viability of 3T3-L1 MBX cells was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. The formation of lipid droplets following treatment with pachymic acid was observed by oil red O staining. The mRNA expression levels of key browning genes, including uncoupling protein (Ucp) 1, the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ coactivator (Pgc)-1α, and the PR domain-containing protein 16 (Prdm16), as well as the mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (Srebp) 1c, acetyl-coA carboxylase (Acc), fatty acid synthase (Fas), and hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (Hsl), adipose triglyceride lipase (Atgl), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (Cpt) 1 were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression of Ucp1, Pgc-1a, and Prdm16 was detected by Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 3T3-L1 MBX cells were induced <i>in vitro</i> to form beige adipocytes with high expression of key browning genes(<i>Ucp1</i>, <i>Pgc-1α</i>, and <i>Prdm16</i>), and beige adipose-marker genes (<i>Cd137</i>, <i>Tbx1</i>, and <i>Tmem26</i>). Concentrations range of 0-80 μmol/L pachymic acid were non-cytotoxic to 3T3-L1 MBX cells. Pachymic acid treatment significantly inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 MBX cells, resulting in a notable decrease in lipid accumulation. There was a marked increase in the expression of key browning genes and their proteins products, such as Ucp1, Pgc-1α, and Prdm16, while the expressions of fat synthesis-related genes <i>Srebp1c</i>, <i>Acc</i> and <i>Fas</i> were significantly decreased (all <i>P<</i>0.05). The expressions of lipolysis-related genes (<i>Hsl</i>, <i>Atgl</i>, and <i>Cpt1</i>) were significantly increased (all <i>P</i><0.05). Treatment with 20 μmol/L pachymic acid showed the most pronounced effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pachymic acid can inhibit fat synthesis and promote lipid decomposition by regulating the brown formation and lipid differentiation of preadipocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"333-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of kidney-tonifying Chinese herbs on thymus regene-ration after rapamycin-induced degeneration in mice].","authors":"Xunuo Wen, Meiru Zhou, Fengjie Zhang, Yaoying Shu, Jianli Gao","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0700","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0700","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the effect of a variety of kidney-tonifying Chinese medicines on thymus regeneration after acute degeneration in mice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Forty-eight 8-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, negative control group, positive control group, the fructus of &lt;i&gt;Cnidium monnieri&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Cuss. group, the fructus of &lt;i&gt;Psoralea corylifolia&lt;/i&gt; (L.) group, the fructus of &lt;i&gt;Rubus chingii&lt;/i&gt; Hu group, and the tuber onion seed group, with 6 mice in each group. Except for the normal control group, mice in the other groups received intraperitoneal injections of rapamycin (1 mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;·d&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 5 consecutive days followed by 14 h of starvation to induce acute thymus degeneration. After successful modeling, in treatment groups ethanol extract of the fructus of &lt;i&gt;Cnidium monnieri&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Cuss. (0.78 g·kg&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;·d&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;), fructus of &lt;i&gt;Psoralea corylifolia&lt;/i&gt; (L.) (0.39 g·kg&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;·d&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;), fructus of &lt;i&gt;Rubus chingii&lt;/i&gt; Hu (0.78 g·kg&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;·d&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;) or the tuber onion seed(0.39 g·kg&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;·d&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;) was intraperitoneally injected once a day for 5 days; while the negative control group was given equal volume of normal saline, and the positive control group was given metformin (300 mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;·d&lt;sup&gt;－1&lt;/sup&gt;). The grip strength was measured with a grip tester 2 h after the last administration. The pathological changes of thymus were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The structure and distribution of thymic epithelial cells were observed by multiple immunofluorescence method. The proportion of T cell subsets in thymus and peripheral blood was analyzed by flow cytometry. The level of T cell receptor excision circles (&lt;i&gt;TREC&lt;/i&gt;) in the genomic DNA of mouse spleen mononuclear cells was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for evaluation of thymic output function. The expression of thymus aging- and function-related factors in the thymus tissue were detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21) and tumor protein 53 (p53) were verified by immunohistochemistry.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Rapamycin induced thymic atrophy and significantly reduced limb grip strength in mice (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01). Compared with the negative control group, the limb grip strength of mice in the fructus of &lt;i&gt;Psoralea corylifolia&lt;/i&gt; (L.) group, the fructus of &lt;i&gt;Rubus chingii&lt;/i&gt; Hu group and the tuber onion seed group was significantly enhanced (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), and the level of &lt;i&gt;TREC&lt;/i&gt; in spleen of the mice in each administration group was reduced (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). Among Chinese herb medicine-treatment groups, the recovery of thymus function and tissue structure in the tuber onion seed group was most obvious. Further study showed that compared with the negative control group, the pr","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"318-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between Chinese visceral adiposity index and the risk of nephrolithiasis].","authors":"Wei Zhang, Shengqi Zheng, Tianchi Hua, Yifan Li, Qibing Fan","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0373","DOIUrl":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the association between Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and the risk of nephrolithiasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 78 438 Chinese adults who underwent ultrasound examinations during health screening at the Health Examination Center of Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University. Participants were divided into quartiles (Q1-Q4 groups) based on CVAI. Multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate the association between CVAI and nephrolithiasis risk, followed by subgroup analyses to further explore potential relationships. The performance of CVAI in predicting the risk of nephrolithiasis was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased CVAI was significantly associated with a higher risk of nephrolithiasis, with prevalence rising from 3.36% in the Q1 group to 10.67% in the Q4 group (<i>P</i><0.01). In adjusted models, CVAI was positively correlated with the prevalence rate of nephrolithiasis (<i>OR</i>=1.002, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.001-1.004, <i>P</i><0.01). The risks of nephrolithiasis in the Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups were 1.196-fold (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.069-1.338, <i>P</i><0.01), 1.260-fold (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.109-1.433, <i>P</i><0.01), and 1.316-fold (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.125-1.539, <i>P</i><0.01) higher than in the Q1 group, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that CVAI was positively associated with the risk of nephrolithiasis in male participants, individuals aged <60 years, the hypertension group, populations with or without diabetes mellitus, and the normal body mass index subgroup. Genders and age had an interaction effect on the correlation between CVAI and the risk of nephrolithiasis development (both <i>P</i><0.05). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that CVAI exhibited superior predictive efficacy compared to waist circumference, body mass index, visceral adiposity index, weight-adjusted waist index, cardiometabolic index and body shape index, with an area under the curve of 0.622.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Chinese adults, CVAI is positively associated with the risk of nephrolithiasis development, which may serve as a potential predictive marker for nephrolithiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"382-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}