Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"[Effect of surgical versus ejaculated sperm retrieval for intracytoplasmic sperm injection on intellectual and physical development of offspring aged 3-6 years: A retrospective cohort study].","authors":"Huanmiao Yan, Minyue Tang, Min Wei, Yimin Zhu","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the effects of surgically retrieved versus ejaculated sperm retrieval for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) on intellectual and physical development in offspring aged 3-6 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 5481 offspring aged 3-6 years who were conceived through assisted reproductive technology and delivered at the Reproductive Center of Affiliated Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were enrolled, including 305 in the ICSI with surgically retrieved sperm (ICSI-surgical) group, 1131 in the ICSI with ejaculated sperm (ICSI-ejaculated) group, and 4045 in the conventional <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) with ejaculated sperm (IVF-ejaculated) group. Using the IVF-ejaculated group as the reference, intellectual and physical development outcomes of offsprings were compared between the ICSI-surgical and ICSI-ejaculated groups. Outcome measures included verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ), performance intelligence quotient (PIQ), full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ), intellectual disability (FIQ<70), as well as underweight, stunting, wasting, overweight, and obesity. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for familial clustering and confounding factors, and a sensitivity analysis was performed in singleton offspring (<i>n</i>=3295).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the ICSI-surgical group, maternal age, maternal height, maternal weight, maternal body mass index, paternal age, paternal height, sperm concentration, and sperm motility were lower than those in the ICSI-ejaculated group (all <i>P</i><0.017), while the proportion of primary infertility and the incidence of anemia during pregnancy were higher than those in the ICSI-ejaculated group (all <i>P</i><0.017). The ICSI-surgical group had a higher risk of obesity than the ICSI-ejaculated group (OR= .94, 95%CI: 1.09-3.48, <i>P</i>=0.025), although this difference was of borderline significance after Bonferroni correction (adjusted <i>P</i>=0.050); no significant differences were observed in intellectual or other physical development outcomes (all <i>P</i>>0.05). In the singleton sensitivity analysis, the surgical group showed an increased risk of obesity (OR=2.15, 95%CI: 1.03-4.36, <i>P</i>=0.043); however, this difference was not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction (adjusted <i>P</i>=0.086). No significant differences were found between the ICSI-ejaculated and IVF-ejaculated groups for any outcome (all adjusted <i>P</i>>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In ICSI cycles, surgically retrieved sperm was not associated with significant differences in intellectual or physical development among offspring aged 3-6 years compared with ejaculated sperm.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in the roles of synovial macrophage subsets in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis].","authors":"Zhiping Wei, Yajun Liu, Shulong Yang","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2025-0916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2025-0916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is closely associated with subsets of synovial macrophages. Tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) differ in origin, phenotypic polarization, and function. TRMs originate from embryonic precursors and help maintain synovial niche homeostasis by clearing apoptotic cells. In contrast, MDMs are recruited from circulating monocytes by chemokines, acquire pro-inflammatory phenotypes, and secrete TNF-α, IL-1β, and other factors that drive inflammation and bone destruction. These two populations dynamically coexist in the RA joint microenvironment: decreased TRM numbers lead to increased MDM infiltration, while pro-inflammatory signals from MDMs further impair TRM function, forming a vicious cycle. Targeting distinct macrophage subsets may offer novel therapeutic strategies for RA. This review summarizes the mechanisms and interaction networks of TRMs and MDMs in RA pathogenesis, with the aim of providing insights for precision immune intervention in RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pathogenic mechanisms and targeted therapeutic advances of the FGF/FGFR signaling pathway in hematological malignancies].","authors":"Xiulan Lou, Zhiyuan Zheng, Xiaokun Li","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The signaling axis composed of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) is a core regulatory hub for the morphogenesis and homeostatic maintenance of the hematopoietic system. Accumulating evidence indicates that aberrant activation of the FGF/FGFR signaling axis contributes to malignant progression, bone marrow microenvironment remodeling, and chemoresistance in hematological malignancies. At the molecular level, the principal pathogenic mechanism involves oncogenic fusion proteins generated by chromosomal translocations; these proteins drive constitutive kinase activation, with the ZMYM2-FGFR1 fusion gene as a classic example. At the cellular level, this signaling axis remodels the bone marrow microenvironment via paracrine signaling, thereby inhibiting apoptosis and inducing a microenvironment-mediated multidrug resistance phenotype. Agents that precisely target and block the FGF/FGFR signaling network-such as selective FGFR inhibitors, dual FLT3/FGFR kinase inhibitors, and the small-molecule FGF trap NSC12-represent promising therapeutic strategies for hematological malignancies. This review summarizes the mechanisms through which FGF/FGFR signaling contributes to common hematological malignancies, including myeloid malignancies, multiple myeloma, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and B-cell lymphoma, and discusses the potential of targeting this pathway for clinical intervention. These insights may help guide the application of FGF/FGFR-targeted strategies in hematological malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Gut microbiota-mediated FGF metabolic axis in the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of various diseases].","authors":"Xianxi Ye, Zhuofan Lu, Weiru Zhang, Xuelian Liu, Hong Zheng","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota is pivotal in regulating host metabolic homeostasis and is closely associated with the onset, progression, prevention, and treatment of various diseases. Endocrine fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) serve as key signaling molecules through which the gut microbiota influences host metabolic health. Via microbial metabolites, the gut microbiota regulates signaling axes such as FXR-FGF15/19, PPARα-FGF21, and VDR-FGF23, thereby participating in host glucose and lipid metabolism, mineral homeostasis, and inflammatory responses. Gut microbiota-mediated FGF metabolic axes play critical roles in the development and progression of obesity, diabetes, liver disease, gastrointestinal disorders, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. Targeting the gut microbiota and FGF metabolic axes through probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and microbiota-derived metabolites may therefore offer promising strategies for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. This review summarizes the mechanistic links between the gut microbiota and FGF metabolic axes, discusses their roles in disease development and progression, and highlights the potential of these mechanisms for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Latent classes of employment status, social support, and environmental risk exposure and their associations with psychological adaptation among community-based drug rehabilitation participants].","authors":"Zhenming Ding, Xin Ye, Yang Li, Liangliang Chen","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2025-0976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2025-0976","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To examine the associations of employment status, social support, and environmental risk exposure with life satisfaction and drug abstinence confidence among individuals undergoing community-based drug rehabilitation, and to identify distinct latent patterns of these factors to inform stratified and tailored rehabilitation services.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data from 4448 individuals undergoing community-based drug rehabilitation in Fujian Province, China, were analyzed. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data on the demographic characteristics, social support, employment status, environmental risk, and psychological adaptation indicators (life satisfaction and drug abstinence confidence) of the study participants. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were employed to examine the associations of employment status, family support, non-relative social support, and environmental risk exposure with life satisfaction and drug abstinence confidence. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify the latent combination patterns of employment status, social support, and environmental risk exposure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Family support was positively associated with both life satisfaction (β=0.675, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01) and drug abstinence confidence (β=0.695, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01). Employment status was positively associated with life satisfaction (β=0.116, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01), whereas its independent association with drug abstinence confidence was not statistically significant (β=0.019, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). Neither non-familial social support nor environmental risk exposure was independently associated with either outcome (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). LCA identified three latent classes: risk-adaptation (46.4%), exemplary rehabilitation (20.2%), and unemployment-vulnerable (33.3%). The risk-adaptation class was characterized by relatively high probabilities of employment, high family support, and non-familial social support, together with a relatively high probability of environmental risk exposure. The exemplary rehabilitation class showed relatively high probabilities of employment and high family support and a relatively low probability of environmental risk exposure. The unemployment-vulnerable class was characterized primarily by a relatively low probability of employment, while family support remained generally high. Significant differences were observed among the three classes in life satisfaction (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;=114.52, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01) and drug abstinence confidence (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;=37.73, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01). The unemployment-vulnerable class had lower scores on both outcomes than the risk-adaptation and exemplary rehabilitation classes (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01), whereas no significant differences were observed between risk-adaptation and exemplary rehabilitation classes (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Heterogeneous patterns of employment status, social support, and envi","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic administration of the synthetic cannabinoid 4F-ABUTINACA in rats and the underlying mechanisms].","authors":"Baobao Shi, Haitao Wang, Wenhua Zhou, Miaojun Lai","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2025-0891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2025-0891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To elucidate the Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-like discriminative stimulus effects of 4F-ABUTINACA and to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic 4F-ABUTINACA administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A THC drug discrimination procedure was used in adult male rats to evaluate the THC-like discriminative stimulus effects of 4F-ABUTINACA and the effects of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) antagonist rimonabant on these effects. In a separate cohort, rats received intraperitoneal injections of 4F-ABUTINACA at a high dose (2 mg/kg) or a low dose (0.3 mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days. Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed using the open field test and elevated plus maze at 1 day (short-term withdrawal) and 20 days (long-term withdrawal) after the final administration. Immunofluorescence staining was used to examine glial cell activation and changes in inhibitory synaptic markers in the hippocampus. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the rat hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After stable THC (2 mg/kg) discrimination was established, 4F-ABUTINACA (2 mg/kg) produced full substitution for THC, and this discriminative stimulus effect was partially inhibited by rimonabant. In the low-dose 4F-ABUTINACA group, rats exhibited anxiety-like behavior in the open field test at short-term withdrawal, accompanied by increased hippocampal glial marker expression (<i>P</i><0.05), decreased expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits 2A (NR2A) and 2B (NR2B) and synaptosome-associated protein 25 kDa (SNAP25) (all <i>P</i><0.05), and increased expression of glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 1 (GluA1) (<i>P</i><0.05). Decreased gephyrin expression was observed at both short-term and long-term withdrawal (all <i>P</i><0.05), whereas decreased vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT) expression and increased GluA2 expression were observed at long-term withdrawal (<i>P</i><0.05). In the high-dose 4F-ABUTINACA group, rats exhibited anxiety-like behaviors and increased hippocampal glial marker expression at both short-term and long-term withdrawal (<i>P</i><0.05), along with decreased NR2A, NR2B, and gephyrin expression (all <i>P</i><0.05). Additionally, GluA1 expression increased at short-term withdrawal (<i>P</i><0.05), while VGAT expression in the DG and CA3 subregions and SNAP25 expression were decreased at long-term withdrawal (all <i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>4F-ABUTINACA produces THC-like discriminative stimulus effects via CB1 receptor activation, suggesting that it has abuse liability. Chronic 4F-ABUTINACA administration induces anxiety-like behaviors in rats, and the underlying mechanism may involve sustained hippocampal glial activation and impaired synaptic plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149018126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Subtypes of social media addiction in adolescents and their characteristics of emotional reinforcement and attentional bias].","authors":"Jingsong Wang, Chicheng Li, Chuangtao Li, Shaofeng Peng, Shen Wang","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To analyze the characteristics of emotional reinforcement and attentional bias across different subtypes of social media addiction in adolescents.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Using stratified cluster sampling, 2,254 adolescents from four schools in Fujian Province, were recruited, and 2,028 valid samples were retained after screening. A self-designed Social Media Use Driving Situations Questionnaire was used to measure the types and intensity of emotion-driven motivations for social media use. The Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) was used to assess the severity of social media addiction, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) was used to measure trait affect. With the six BSMAS items as observed variables, latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed in Mplus 8.3 to identify heterogeneous subtypes of social media addiction. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, and linear regression were used to compare social media use duration and trait affect across subtypes and to examine the association between the motivational intensity of emotion-driven situations and addiction severity. From each subtype, 20 participants were randomly selected by stratified sampling. A 3 (prime type: positive/neutral/negative) × 2 (target word type: social media word/neutral control word) × 3 (group: normal/at-risk/addicted) mixed design was used in an emotional Stroop color-word test. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure craving and impulsivity before and after the test. Repeated-measures ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and Spearman rank correlation were used to analyze changes in social media craving and impulsivity before and after the test and the correlations of reaction times with immediate post-task social media craving and behavioral impulsivity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;LPA identified three heterogeneous subtypes: the normal group (low addiction severity, short use duration, neutral emotional drive), the at-risk group (moderate addiction severity, moderate use duration, positive emotional dominance), and the addicted group (high addiction severity, long use duration, negative emotional avoidance). The addicted group showed significantly prolonged reaction times to social media words under negative emotional priming (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01), which were significantly positively correlated with cue-induced craving (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=0.625, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01) and impulsivity (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;sub&gt;s&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;=0.567, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01). The at-risk group showed significantly prolonged reaction times to social media words under positive emotional priming (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05), which were significantly positively correlated with cue-induced craving (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;=0.547, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). In addition, craving and impulsivity increased significantly after the test in the at-risk group (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05)and addicted groups (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01), whereas no significant changes were observed in the normal group (both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research advances in neuroinflammatory mechanisms of substance addiction].","authors":"Jiahui Zhou, Zhiting Zou, Tonghe Pan, Yu Liu","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance addiction is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by compulsive substance use, impaired behavioral control, and high relapse rates. Although mesolimbic dopaminergic reward system dysfunction is a key neurobiological substrate of substance addiction, it cannot fully explain persistent drug craving, addiction-related memory, or compulsive drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors after abstinence. Repeated exposure to addictive substances can induce oxidative stress, activation of pattern-recognition receptors, increased blood-brain barrier permeability, and gut-brain axis dysregulation. These changes induce reactive microglial and astrocytic phenotypes and disrupt central-peripheral immune crosstalk. Persistent neuroinflammation induced by addictive substance exposure may alter glutamate homeostasis, complement-mediated synaptic pruning, extracellular matrix remodeling, and plasticity in reward, stress, and executive-control circuits. These alterations are thought to contribute to addiction-related memory consolidation, increased relapse risk, and comorbid psychiatric and behavioral abnormalities. This review summarizes neuroimmune regulation in the brain, central-peripheral immune interactions, and substance-specific neuroinflammatory mechanisms. It also discusses recent advances and challenges in immune-targeted pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Mechanisms of exercise-induced improvement in drug addiction via the gut microbiota: a review].","authors":"Shuaixiong Liao, Xueqiang Wang, Tingran Zhang, Jiong Luo","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2025-0859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2025-0859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug addiction is a complex chronic brain disorder that not only affects neurotransmitter systems and reward pathways but is also accompanied by multisystemic alterations throughout the body. In recent years, the gut microbiota has been found to have a bidirectional association with the central nervous system, and drug addiction has been closely linked to microbial dysbiosis. Exercise, as a non-pharmacological intervention, contributes to abstinence and recovery from drug addiction. Studies have shown that drug abuse affects the gut microbiota through multifaceted changes in microbial community structure and disruptions of metabolic function, whereas modulation of the gut microbiota may alleviate the pathological processes of drug addiction by influencing microbial metabolic pathways. The overall effect of exercise on the gut microbiota is characterized by increased abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced relative abundance of certain potentially pathogenic bacteria. Exercise may improve drug addiction primarily by regulating the gut microbiota and thereby influencing immune activation and neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter and metabolite profiles, as well as cognitive function and emotional control. Although current studies have confirmed associations among exercise, the gut microbiota, and drug addiction, whether these associations are causal remains to be further verified through more rigorous large-sample animal and human studies. By systematically reviewing relevant literature, this review focuses on the effects of exercise on drug addiction-related behaviors, gut microbiota composition, metabolite levels, and immune-inflammatory indicators. It aims to clarify the relationship among \"exercise-gut microbiota-drug addiction\" and explore the potential mechanisms through which exercise may intervene in drug addiction via gut microbiota-mediated pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Mechanisms of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells regulating learning and memory: a review].","authors":"Sheng Wu, Zhifei DU, Xingdong Zhang, Shanshan Li, Linghui Zeng","doi":"10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) regulate multiple memory-related brain regions via subtype-specific projections. Rodent studies have demonstrated that the effects of light on learning and memory are highly dependent on light-dark cycle, wavelength, intensity, and duration, and are predominantly mediated by the ipRGC-dependent non-image-forming visual pathway. Multiple known and potential regulatory mechanisms have been uncovered to date. The ipRGC→SCN^VIP pathway mediates photo-entrainment of circadian rhythms, and circadian rhythm alterations consequently modulate memory performance. Acute light exposure suppresses the activity of oxytocin-producing neurons through the ipRGC→pSON^GABA→SON^OXT pathway, thereby impairing social memory. Light signals in early developmental stages can shape juvenile development via the ipRGC→SON^OXT→PVN^OXT pathway, which further influences learning capacity in adulthood. Bright-light therapy enhances spatial memory and elevates hippocampal γ-oscillation power by activating the ipRGC→vLGN/IGL^CaMKII→Re pathway. Moderate-intensity light facilitates spatial memory through the CeA^CRH→LC^TH→DG^CaMKIIα pathway, in which norepinephrine released from the LC is involved. Although direct ipRGC projections to the CeA have been validated, the direct modulatory effect of ipRGCs on this pathway remains to be elucidated. In human studies, daytime blue-light exposure and 40 Hz rhythmic blue-light flicker can strengthen visual and auditory working memory and facilitate memory consolidation by activating ipRGC-related pathways, accompanied by prefrontal cortex activation and enhanced hippocampal-thalamic functional connectivity, which reveals promising non-pharmacological potential for memory modulation. Beyond healthy subjects, blue-light intervention also exhibits therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, its clinical translation still requires further standardization of light parameters, development of diurnal and primate animal models, improvement of ipRGC subtype-selective manipulation techniques, as well as long-term stratified clinical studies stratified by age, disease phenotype and memory type, so as to advance the application of intelligent lighting environments and precise phototherapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":24007,"journal":{"name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}