Tropical Medicine & International Health最新文献

{"title":"Aetiology and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Common Bacterial Infections in Hospitalised Patients: A 2019 Multisite Cross-Sectional Survey in Jakarta, Indonesia.","authors":"Justin de Brabander, Erni J Nelwan, Ralalicia Limato, Monik Alamanda, Manzilina Mudia, Enty Tjoa, Ifael Y Mauleti, Maria Mayasari, Iman Firmansyah, T Mannaria Jayati, Michèle van Vugt, H Rogier van Doorn, Raph L Hamers","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70162","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the aetiology and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of common bacterial infections in hospitalised patients in Jakarta, Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a hospital-wide point prevalence survey in six hospitals in 2019, capturing data from routinely ordered bacterial cultures taken before the start of antibiotic treatment. We report relevant bacteria-antibiotic combinations for Escherichia coli and the ESKAPE group of pathogens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 562 patients (52% women, median age 46 years) were diagnosed with 587 infections, comprising 414 community-acquired and 173 hospital-acquired infections, with pneumonia most frequent (258, 44%). From 615 samples collected, 279 (45%) bacterial isolates were identified, of which 213 (76%) gram-negative, including Klebsiella pneumoniae (68, 24%), Escherichia coli (37, 13%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (35, 13%) among others, and 66 (24%) gram-positive, including Enterococcus faecalis (17, 6%) and Staphylococcus aureus (11, 4%) among others. Proportions of bacteria resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (3GC) were 75% (47/63) for Klebsiella pneumoniae , and 69% (22/32) for E. coli , and to carbapenems 64% (7/11) for Acinetobacter spp., 60% (3/5) for Enterobacter spp., 43% (3/7) for E. coli, 30% (7/23) for P. aeruginosa and 29% (9/31) for K. pneumoniae . Four of 11  S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant. A blood culture was done in only 52% (16/31) of sepsis patients, and the results of positive blood cultures were reported after a median of 4 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This survey identified that a high proportion of common gram-negative bacteria exhibited reduced susceptibility to first-choice antibiotics and considerable underuse of bacterial cultures. These findings warrant enhanced infection prevention and control and antimicrobial stewardship.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1231-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148056921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Occurring Risk Factors for Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Non-Adherence Among People Living With HIV in Ethiopia: A Latent Class Analysis.","authors":"Edao Sinba Etu, Jet Fransen, Biftu Geda, Kemal Ahmed Kuti, Anteneh Fikrie, Mark Spigt","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70164","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Non-adherence to tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is a critical issue in Ethiopia and other Sub-Saharan African countries, where both TB and HIV burdens are high. To reduce TPT non-adherence among PLHIV, it is crucial to identify those at risk and implement targeted interventions. Therefore, the main objective is to identify subgroups based on co-occurring risk factors for non-adherence and examine their association with TPT adherence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at selected health centres and hospitals in West Arsi, Ethiopia. Data from 390 PLHIV were collected through structured questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify distinct subgroups, defined by risk factors for non-adherence, among PLHIV. Maximum Likelihood adjustment method was used to predict adherence outcome based on the identified latent classes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence rate of adherence in PLHIV was 60%. Two distinct latent classes emerged (prevalence rate noted): a \"Lower risk of non-adherence\" class (63%), and a \"Higher risk of non-adherence\" class (37%). PLHIV in the \"Higher risk of non-adherence\" class endorsed higher probabilities of each of the considered risk factors, particularly regarding perceiving the relationship with the healthcare provider and distance to the health facility as barriers, and were nearly twice as likely to be non-adherent compared to those in the \"Lower risk of non-adherence\" class.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings emphasize the importance of considering co-occurring risk factors for non-adherence and tailoring interventions accordingly. This study suggests specific practical implications: for example, screening tools assessing non-adherence risk, health providers training programs and strengthening of community-based primary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1250-1260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147942959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Mosquito: Social Determinants of Health and Global Strategies for Aedes-Borne Disease Control.","authors":"Hakimeh Mostafavi, Jawad Jafarzadeh, Efat Mohamadi, Fatemeh Mohamadi, Ghobad Moradi, Maryam Sargolzaei Moghaddam, Fateme Yaftian, Amin Ghanbarnejad, Mehrnaz Mozafari, Enayatollah Homaie Rad, Ehsan Sheykh Noori, Marziyeh Najafi, Amirhossein Takian, Ahad Bakhtiari, Alireza Olyaeemanesh","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70167","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aedes-borne diseases, including dengue, chikungunya and Zika, have emerged as a growing global health concern, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Their spread is not only driven by biological and environmental factors but also shaped by a wide range of social determinants of health (SDH). This systematic review synthesizes available evidence on SDH that shape the transmission, prevention and control of these diseases, as well as the strategies implemented internationally to address them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted five systematic reviews following PRISMA guidelines, each corresponding to one of the major Aedes-borne diseases (dengue, chikungunya, Zika and other Aedes-related illnesses). Searches were performed in PubMed and Scopus for the period 2000-2024, using both MeSH terms and free-text keywords. Quality appraisal was conducted using appropriate checklists, that is, CASP, STROBE and results were synthesized narratively. Thematic coding was applied to identify patterns across social, economic and environmental determinants, while intervention data were summarized descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The systematic search figured out a large number of potentially relevant records across the five reviews. One hundred sixty-nine studies were included for full analysis including 27 studies on Aedes in general, 54 on dengue, 3 on chikungunya, 14 on Zika and 71 on preventive interventions. The main themes that emerged from the study analysis included: Poverty and Related Indicators, Education and Health Literacy, Community Engagement, Urban Infrastructure and Social Support, Access to Health Services, Demographic Factors, Culture and Beliefs and Migration and Human Mobility. Interventions that engaged communities and combined educational, infrastructural and environmental actions demonstrated the greatest impact and sustainability.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings of the study suggest that effective and sustainable Aedes-borne disease control depends on tackling structural inequities-particularly poverty and poor urban infrastructure-while promoting health literacy and community engagement. Future research should further investigate underexplored determinants, including cultural and migratory factors, to inform context-specific, multisectoral responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1154-1171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better Health for All in a Changing World: Sparks From the 14th ECTMIH.","authors":"Marco Albonico, Noelle Awa, Yannik Eggers, Carsten Köhler, Jürgen May, Denise Rabl, Sophie Schneitler, Barbora Jara-Reznakova, Pia Rausche","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70172","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 14th European Congress of Tropical Medicine and International Health (ECTMIH), held in Hamburg from 29 September to 2 October 2025, marked a significant moment for the European and global health community. Organized by the Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine in collaboration with the Federation of European Societies for Tropical Medicine and International Health (FESTMIH) and the German Society for Tropical Medicine, Travel Medicine and Global Health (DTG), the Congress brought together approximately 1300 participants from 84 countries, one third of whom came from outside Europe. Under the overarching theme 'Better health for all in a changing world', the meeting provided a platform to reflect on urgent global health challenges and to translate scientific dialogue into policy-oriented calls to action.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1137-1140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High False-Positivity Rates of Widal Rapid Diagnostic Tests Compared to the Quantitative Tube Method for Salmonella typhi Detection in the Northern Region of Ghana.","authors":"Eric Awe, Oliver Nangkuu Deberu, Fredrick Gyilbagr, Prince Sampson Haruna, Alfred Faadenige Doglikuu, Jemilatu Gnuntimia Abdul-Hamid, Abdul-Hayyu Yidana Yakubu, Blessing Hlormah, Maurice Zaazie","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70159","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early diagnosis of typhoid is important for reducing mortality. In the absence of a blood culture, the quantitative tube Widal test is the standard serological test used for the diagnosis of Salmonella typhi , but rapid test kits are largely used in Northern Ghana. Variations in the performance of rapid test kits have been noted in other studies. We compared the diagnostic performance of two rapid test kits to the quantitative Widal method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study conducted from April to May 2024 in the Northern Region of Ghana. Quantitative tube Widal and rapid diagnostic tests using two different rapid test kits were performed using plasma collected from suspected Salmonella typhi patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 154 participants, most were females, 84 (54.5%). The quantitative tube Widal method detected 14 (9.1%) and 5 (3.2%) positive results for Salmonella typhi O and H antibodies, respectively, whereas the rapid diagnostic test kit type-1(IgM/IgG) detected 101 (65.6%)/47 (30.5%) positive results, and the type-2(IgM/IgG) detected 117 (75.9%)/39 (25.3%) positive results. The diagnostic performance of RDT Type 1 (IgM/IgG) was: sensitivity (85.7%/80.0%), specificity (36.4%/71.1%), PPV (11.9%/8.5%), and NPV (96.2%/99.1%). On the other hand, the performance of RDT Type 2 (IgM/IgG) was: sensitivity (85.7%/40.0%), specificity (25.0%/75.2%), PPV (10.3%/5.1%) and NPV (94.6%/97.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found both rapid diagnostic test kit types to have a sensitivity of 85.7% with a specificity below 38% for IgM. Both test kit types also had low positive predictive values below 12% with negative predictive values above 94% for both IgM and IgG, and therefore detected more false positives than true positives.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1205-1210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Pharmacokinetics and Delayed Sputum Conversion in Tuberculosis Patients Co-Infected With HIV.","authors":"Aung Pyae Phyo, Richard M Hoglund, Makoto Saito, Sein Sein Thi, Lei Lei Swe, Palang Chotsiri, Htet Ko Ko Aung, Win Pa Pa Tun, Banyar Maung Maung, Chanapat Pateekham, Wanitda Watthanaworawit, Gornpan Gornsawun, Nicholas J White, Francois Nosten, Joel Tarning","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70165","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV co-infection affects host responses and pharmacokinetics (PK) of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. This study assessed the PK of first-line anti-TB drugs and clinical outcomes in patients with and without HIV co-infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective observational study, 61 adults with sputum-positive pulmonary TB, either confirmed by microscopy or GeneXpert, were enrolled, including 24 with HIV co-infection and 37 without. All HIV-positive participants were antiretroviral-naïve at enrolment. Standard anti-TB therapy was given, and PK assessments were conducted on Day 1 and Week 6. Efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) began at a median of Day 21. Clinical outcomes, sputum conversion, and adverse events were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, patients with HIV co-infection had reduced clearance of isoniazid and ethambutol, reflected by slower elimination rates. These differences resolved by Week 6 and were not significantly impacted by ART initiation. Logistic regression showed that HIV-positive status (OR = 14.25, 95% CI: 1.22-166.37, p = 0.03), and higher baseline sputum bacillary load (OR = 3.92, 95% CI: 1.5-10.5, p = 0.006) were independently associated with delayed sputum conversion beyond 8 weeks. Baseline CRP showed an inverse association after adjustment, but this did not reach statistical significance (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-1.00, p = 0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIV co-infection was associated with altered early PK of isoniazid and ethambutol although these differences were less apparent by Week 6. HIV-positive status and higher baseline sputum bacillary load were associated with delayed sputum conversion. Although some pharmacokinetic differences were statistically significant, their clinical relevance remains uncertain, and the current data do not support dose adjustment. These findings suggest early pharmacokinetic variability in TB-HIV co-infected patients and support further investigation in adequately powered exposure-response studies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02457208.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1261-1272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147975978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Leprosy Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ananta Khurana, Savitha Sharath, Sarada Subramanian, Saurabh Gupta, Kabir Sardana, Ritul Chaudhary, Sanjeet Panesar","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70161","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leprosy causes nerve damage which may be clinical or subclinical. Leprosy-associated peripheral neuropathy (LPN) has an unpredictable course despite treatment with multi drug therapy, and results in significant disabilities and stigma. There are no reliable biomarkers to quantify nerve damage in leprosy or predict impending clinical neuropathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional observational study over 1 year. Leprosy patients with peripheral neuropathy (LPN, n = 30), leprosy patients without detectable peripheral neuropathy (L, n = 20) and healthy controls (HC, n = 20) were included. Patients with other known causes of peripheral neuropathy were excluded. The primary outcome was to estimate serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels using the Single Molecular Assay (SiMoA) HD-X analyzer. NfL concentrations were compared across the three groups and correlated with disease spectrum, bacterial load and severity of nerve function impairment (NFI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median NfL level in the LPN group was 12.1 pg/mL (range: -1.68 to 224), in the L group was 17.25 pg/mL (range: 4.43-53.8) and in HCs was 4.85 pg/mL (range: 0.252-23.7). Leprosy patients had significantly higher NfL levels than healthy controls (p = 0.008), with a cut-off value of 7.48 pg/mL using ROC analysis (sensitivity 76%; specificity 25%). NfL levels between the LPN and L groups were comparable (p = 0.56). No significant correlation was found between NfL levels and severity of clinical neuropathy, although a non-significant positive trend with the bacterial index was noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum NfL levels were significantly higher in leprosy patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting prominent axonal damage. NfL may serve as a minimally invasive biomarker of nerve damage in leprosy, but further longitudinal studies are needed to validate its predictive and therapeutic utility in LPN.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>CTRI/2024/04/081960.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1223-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147876016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related and Seasonal Variation in Malaria and Other Causes of Fever and Their Association With Clinical Outcomes in Southern Angola: A Hospital-Based Study.","authors":"Helga E M Gonçalves, Maria Lina Antunes, Jorge Seixas, Marcelo U Ferreira","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70166","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute febrile illnesses in sub-Saharan Africa are often attributed to malaria, yet many patients test negative for malaria parasites. The aetiology of nonmalarial fevers remains understudied. Here, we examine likely causes of febrile illnesses and their association with poor clinical outcomes in Angola.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In September-October 2023 and May-June 2024 we enrolled 849 febrile patients with ages between 2 months and 94 years in two tertiary hospitals of Lubango city that serve 7 million people in southern Angola. We used clinical assessments and locally available laboratory diagnostics to assign likely causes of fever and applied logistic regression analysis to identify factors independently associated with an increased risk of hospital admission and death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 67.6% of the patients tested negative for malaria by microscopy, with upper (13.0%) and lower (19.5%) respiratory infections and gastrointestinal infections (16.7%) being leading causes of nonmalarial fever. The frequencies of gastrointestinal, upper respiratory, and genitourinary infections varied markedly with age, and malaria predominated at the beginning of the dry season. Malaria and lower respiratory infections were associated with increased risk of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] = 3.20 and 5.17, p < 0.0001), while malaria and central nervous system infections were linked to significantly higher mortality (OR = 1.90 and 6.30, p < 0.0001). Empirical antibiotic use was widespread, even without clinical or laboratory evidence of bacterial infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most fevers in southern Angola are of nonmalarial origin, underscoring the need for better diagnostic strategies to guide specific treatment and reduce unnecessary antibiotic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1273-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147949863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Validity of Mobile Phone-Based Proxy Full Pregnancy History (mPFPH) for Estimating Perinatal Mortality in Rural Northwest Bangladesh.","authors":"Lena Kan, Mayank Date, Diwakar Mohan, Rezwanul Haque, Hasan Mahmud Sujan, Towfida Siddiqua, Hasmot Ali, Kaniz Ayesha Fahmida, Brian Dyer, Alain Labrique, Kelsey Alland, Linnea Zimmerman, Suzanne Bell, Li Liu","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70160","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Robust estimates of perinatal mortality are essential for improving perinatal survival in low- and middle-income countries. Mobile phone surveys may offer a scalable alternative to in-person surveys for such estimates. This study assessed the feasibility and validity of mobile phone-based Proxy Full Pregnancy History (mPFPH) interviews in rural Bangladesh, comparing proxy-reported and self-reported full pregnancy histories collected via mobile phones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between June and November 2022, women who had experienced at least one adverse pregnancy outcome (index women) and their nominated closest confidants participated in mobile phone interviews. Self-reports served as the reference standard. We examined selection biases associated with mobile phone access and evaluated concordance between self- and proxy-reports for perinatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1838 index women and 1328 confidants were enrolled. Non-response rates ranged from 2.1% to 26.5%, with non-respondents more likely to be younger, multiparous, and from smaller households. Average interview durations ranged from 7.5 to 25 min. Compared with self-reports, proxy reports by index women and closest confidants underreported neonatal deaths by 9.9% (95% CI: 7.0%-12.8%) and 23.1% (95%-CI: 15.0%-31.2%), perinatal deaths by 13.6% (95%-CI: 11.2%-16.0%) and 21.3% (95%-CI: 15.1%-27.6%), early neonatal deaths by 11.6% (95%-CI: 8.2%-14.9%) and 20.5% (95%-CI: 11.6%-29.5%), stillbirths by 14.6% (95%-CI: 11.2%-18.0%) and 22.4% (95%-CI: 13.5%-31.2%), and other pregnancy losses by 30.8% (95%-CI: 27.1%-34.4%) and 46.9% (95%-CI: 41.4%-52.5%). The proxy-to-self rate ratios for index women were 0.91 (95%-CI: 0.79-1.04) for neonatal mortality, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80-0.98) for perinatal mortality, 0.89 (95%-CI: 0.76-1.04) for early neonatal mortality, 0.88 (95% CI: 0.76-1.01) for stillbirths, and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65-0.83) for other pregnancy losses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mPFPH method demonstrated feasibility through high response and completion rates, efficient call durations, and strong two-way validation. However, proxy reports underestimated perinatal mortality relative to self-reports. Further validation across diverse settings is needed before large-scale implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"1211-1222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13533640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Tiered Genomic Surveillance Close the Gaps in Measles Molecular Epidemiology?","authors":"P Kanta, K Chhikara, K Goyal, A Ghosh, M P Singh","doi":"10.1111/tmi.70220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.70220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}