Tropical Medicine & International Health最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of hepatitis and HIV infection among 18-months old children in Guinea-Bissau before vaccination.","authors":"Alexander Dutschke, Jane Agergaard, Candida Medina, Bo Langhoff Hønge","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.14045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study reports on the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in children in Guinea-Bissau before the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study. From 2005 to 2008, 187 children aged 18 months were enrolled in a vaccine trial and had blood samples taken to test for HBV (HbsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HBsAg prevalence was 11.2% and prevalence of any HBV serological marker was 16.0%. No children were positive for HCV. One was positive for HIV-1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of HBsAg was high compared to other sub-Saharan African countries pre-immunisation, underscoring the importance of broad and sustained HBV vaccination. This study indicates that the majority of HBV transmission is horizontal during childhood in Guinea-Bissau.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"919-921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance with tetracycline eye ointment during annual mass drug administration for trachoma control in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Solomon Aragie, Ayalew Shiferaw, Eshetu Sata, Dagnachew Hailu, Adane Dagnew, Taye Zeru, Adisu Abebe, Zerihun Tadesse, Dionna M Wittberg, Isabel J B Thompson, Thomas M Lietman, Scott D Nash, Kimberly A Jensen, E Kelly Callahan, Jeremy D Keenan","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.14042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A 6-week course of tetracycline eye ointment is an alternative to single -dose oral azithromycin in annual mass drug administration for trachoma control. Compliance with the recommended tetracycline eye ointment regimen has not been well characterised when administered as part of a trachoma control program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A routine mass drug administration for trachoma was carried out in 40 communities in the Amhara region of Ethiopia. Two tubes of tetracycline eye ointment, to be administered twice daily for 6 weeks, was offered to all children under 6 months of age, to pregnant women who declined to take azithromycin, and to all individuals with a macrolide allergy. Seven weeks following the mass drug administration, a treatment compliance survey was performed for all community members documented to have received tetracycline eye ointment during the mass drug administration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 491 individuals documented as having received tetracycline eye ointment from the treatment records, 367 completed the survey, of which 214 recalled being offered tetracycline eye ointment. A total of 105 (49%) respondents reported taking ≥1 daily dose of tetracycline eye ointment on most days of the week for at least the first week. Only 20 (9%) respondents reported taking at least 1 tetracycline eye ointment dose per week for 6 weeks. The most common reasons for low compliance included 'saving it for a future infection' and 'stopped because I (or my child) seemed healthy'. The odds of low compliance were greater for those who reported not having adequate counselling (e.g., odds ratio [OR] 5.3, 95% CI 2.5-28.9 when low compliance was defined as not taking a tetracycline eye ointment dose for most days of at least the first week).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compliance with tetracycline eye ointment was low when administered by a trachoma program during a routine mass drug administration, especially for those reporting inadequate counselling. Further research with a larger sample size and varied settings is warranted to better understand and improve compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"869-874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium marinum: A series of four cases from Kerala, India.","authors":"Soumya Jagadeesan, Vinitha Panicker, Anil Kumar, Malini Eapen, Lalitha Biswas, Jyothish R Pillai, Divya Vijaykumar, Lekshmi Sajini, Anjana Venugopal, Parasmal Suresh, Raja Biswas","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14033","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.14033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycobacterium marinum is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium which can be found in naturally occurring, non-chlorinated water sources and is a known pathogen that affects fish. In humans, M. marinum typically results in cutaneous lesions, it can occasionally lead to more invasive disorders. We discuss four cases of M. marinum-related cutaneous infections examined in a tertiary care facility. We want to draw attention to the challenges of accurately diagnosing this infection, stress the significance of having a high level of clinical suspicion in order to identify it, and discuss the available treatment choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"913-918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collective knowledge exchange through regional hubs: Local expertise, global platform","authors":"Camilla Alay Llamas, Renzo Guinto, Julia Addison, Nazmul Alam, Hannah Brown Amoakoh, Vicente Artola Arita, Noa Kolpa, Juliette Mattijsen, Ying Zhang, George S. Downward, Joyce L. Browne","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.14041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VIEWPOINT: The new EU Global Health Strategy and research: From policy to action","authors":"A. Plasència, A. Vassall, I. Agyepong, C. Assohou‐Luty, L. Goerlitz, K. Klipstein‐Grobusch, A. Rocamora, F. Cobelens","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.14044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal analysis of regional and age differences in tuberculosis prevalence in mainland China.","authors":"Fengwen Huang, Stephen Temitayo Bello","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.14037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, tuberculosis is a leading cause of infectious disease deaths. China ranks third among the 30 high-burden countries for tuberculosis and accounts for approximately 7.4% of the cases reported worldwide. Since very few studies have investigated the age difference in tuberculosis prevalence in mainland China, therefore, the preliminary characterisation of age differences in tuberculosis patients is not well understood. The data of reported sputum smear-positive, tuberculosis and sputum smear-negative cases in 340 prefectures from mainland China were extracted from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2009 to December 2018. Multiple statistical analysis and GIS techniques were used to investigate the temporal trend and identify the spatial distribution of sputum smear-positive, tuberculosis and sputum smear-negative cases in the study area. The results showed that the incidence of sputum smear-positive and tuberculosis has dropped to a stable level, while sputum smear-negative exhibited a rising trend. Additionally, sputum smear-positive, tuberculosis and sputum smear-negative are still highly prevalent in northwestern and southwestern regions of China. Interestingly, the young adult group (20-50 age) and elder group (>50 age) are more susceptible to being infected with tuberculosis, while lower infection levels were recorded in the juvenile group (<20 age). The present study investigated the temporal-spatial distribution of sputum smear-positive, tuberculosis and sputum smear-negative cases in mainland China before the COVID-19 pandemic breakout, which would help the government agency establish an effective mechanism of tuberculosis prevention in high-risk periods and high-risk areas in the study region.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"833-841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of epilepsy in Southern and Northern Rwanda: Myth or reality?","authors":"S A Angwafor, M M Watila, A K Njamnshi, J W Sander","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.14027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"842-843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediabetes and the treatment outcome of tuberculosis: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Lingbo Liang, Qiaoli Su","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.14034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Diabetes has been related to higher risk and poor prognosis of patients with tuberculosis, while the influence of prediabetes on the treatment outcome of patients with tuberculosis remains not determined. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of prediabetes on treatment outcome of patients with tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant cohort studies were acquired through a search of Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. To minimise the influence of between-study heterogeneity, a randomised-effects model was used to pool the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight prospective cohort studies including 3001 patients with tuberculosis were available for the meta-analysis. Among them, 752 (25.1%) were with prediabetes at baseline, and the patients were followed for a mean duration of 17.7 months. It was shown that compared to patients with normoglycemia, those with prediabetes were associated with a higher incidence of unfavourable treatment outcome (risk ratio [RR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02 to 1.96, p = 0.04; I² = 56%). Subgroup analysis did not support that difference in study country (Asian or non-Asian), diagnosis (pulmonary tuberculosis only or also with extrapulmonary tuberculosis), mean age, follow-up duration, or study quality score had significant influence on the results (p for subgroup difference all >0.05). However, prediabetes at baseline was not associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality during follow-up (RR: 1.59, 95% CI: 0.75 to 3.38, p = 0.23; I² = 54%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with tuberculosis and prediabetes may have a higher risk of unfavourable treatment outcome compared to patients with normoglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"757-767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent health-risk behaviours in Uruguay: Patterns from national cross-sectional school surveys conducted in 2006, 2012 and 2019.","authors":"Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer, María José Rodríguez","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.14032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are no trend studies on various health risk behaviours among adolescents in Uruguay. Therefore, this study looked at trends in a number of health-risky behaviours among adolescents in Uruguay from three separate surveys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 9272 adolescents (age range: 11-16 years), who took part in three cross-sectional national in-school surveys in Uruguay in 2006, 2012 and 2019 were analysed. A self-administered survey was used to evaluate 24 health risk behaviours. By using logistic regression analyses to treat the study year as a categorical variable and adjusting food insecurity and age, linear trends were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a significant increase in the prevalence of being overweight, having obesity, inadequate fruit intake, sedentary behaviour in leisure-time, physical inactivity, bullying victimisation, loneliness, suicidal ideation, and sexual activity. We found a significant decrease in current cigarette use, physical fighting and current alcohol use. Among males, a significant increase of non-condom use, and a decrease in current other tobacco use (other than cigarettes), being physically attacked and the number of sexual partners. Among females, we found an increase in food insecurity, trouble from alcohol use, multiple sexual partners, and sleep problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, from 2006 to 2019, there was a decrease in seven health risk behaviours among boys and/or girls. Among boys, there was an increase in 10 health risk behaviours and among girls, 15 health risk behaviours increased, highlighting adolescent girls' greater vulnerability, thereby perpetuating further gendered health inequalities. In Uruguay, school health programmes for adolescents are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"801-812"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141604253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of infectious diseases in migrant populations from endemic or high-endemic countries: A multicentric primary care-based study in Spain.","authors":"Angeline Cruz, Ethel Sequeira-Aymar, Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves, Laura Camps-Vila, Marta M Monclús-González, Elisa M Revuelta-Muñoz, Núria Busquet-Solé, Susana Sarriegui-Domínguez, Aina Casellas, Alba Cuxart-Graell, M Rosa Dalmau Llorca, Carina Aguilar-Martín, Ana Requena-Méndez","doi":"10.1111/tmi.14036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/tmi.14036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of seven infections (Chagas disease, strongyloidiasis, schistosomiasis, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C virus, and active tuberculosis) in migrant populations attended at primary care facilities in Catalonia, Spain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross sectional study conducted from March to December 2018 at eight primary care centres in Catalonia, Spain where health professionals were recommended to systematically screen multiple infections in migrants considering the endemicity of the pathogens in their country of birth. Routine health data were retrospectively extracted from electronic health records of the primary care centres. The proportion of cases among individuals tested for each infection was estimated with its 95% confident interval (CI). Mixed-effects logistics regression models were conducted to assess any possible association between the exposure variables and the primary outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 15,780 migrants that attended primary care centres, 2410 individuals were tested for at least one infection. Of the 508 (21.1%) migrants diagnosed with at least one condition, a higher proportion originated from Sub-Saharan Africa (207, 40.7%), followed by South-East Europe (117, 23.0%) and Latin-America (88, 17.3%; p value <0.001). The proportion of migrants diagnosed with Chagas disease was 5/122 (4.1%, 95%CI 0.5-7.7), for strongyloidiasis 56/409 (13.7%, 95%CI 10.3-17.0) and for schistosomiasis 2/101 (2.0%, 95%CI 0.0-4.7) with very few cases tested. The estimated proportion for human immunodeficiency virus was 67/1176 (5.7%, 95%CI 4.4-7.0); 377/1478 (25.5%, 95%CI 23.3-27.7) for hepatitis B virus, with 108/1478 (7.3%, 95%CI 6.0-8.6) of them presenting an active infection, while 31/1433 (2.2%, 95%CI 1.4-2.9) were diagnosed with hepatitis C virus. One case of active tuberculosis was diagnosed after testing 172 migrant patients (0.6%, 95%CI 0.0-1.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We estimated a high proportion of the studied infections in migrants from endemic areas. Country-specific estimations of the burden of infections in migrants are fundamental for the implementation of preventive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23962,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine & International Health","volume":" ","pages":"820-832"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}