World Journal of Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Development and validation of a machine learning model for diagnosis of ischemic heart disease using single-lead electrocardiogram parameters.","authors":"Basheer Abdullah Marzoog, Peter Chomakhidze, Daria Gognieva, Artemiy Silantyev, Alexander Suvorov, Magomed Abdullaev, Natalia Mozzhukhina, Darya Alexandrovna Filippova, Sergey Vladimirovich Kostin, Maria Kolpashnikova, Natalya Ershova, Nikolay Ushakov, Dinara Mesitskaya, Philipp Kopylov","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.104396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.104396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic heart disease (IHD) impacts the quality of life and has the highest mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases globally.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare variations in the parameters of the single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) during resting conditions and physical exertion in individuals diagnosed with IHD and those without the condition using vasodilator-induced stress computed tomography (CT) myocardial perfusion imaging as the diagnostic reference standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single center observational study included 80 participants. The participants were aged ≥ 40 years and given an informed written consent to participate in the study. Both groups, G1 (<i>n</i> = 31) with and G2 (<i>n</i> = 49) without post stress induced myocardial perfusion defect, passed cardiologist consultation, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and pulse rate measurement, echocardiography, cardio-ankle vascular index, bicycle ergometry, recording 3-min single-lead ECG (Cardio-Qvark) before and just after bicycle ergometry followed by performing CT myocardial perfusion. The LASSO regression with nested cross-validation was used to find the association between Cardio-Qvark parameters and the existence of the perfusion defect. Statistical processing was performed with the R programming language v4.2, Python v.3.10 [^R], and Statistica 12 program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bicycle ergometry yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 50.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.388-0.625], specificity of 53.1% (95%CI: 0.392-0.673), and sensitivity of 48.4% (95%CI: 0.306-0.657). In contrast, the Cardio-Qvark test performed notably better with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 67% (95%CI: 0.530-0.801), specificity of 75.5% (95%CI: 0.628-0.88), and sensitivity of 51.6% (95%CI: 0.333-0.695).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The single-lead ECG has a relatively higher diagnostic accuracy compared with bicycle ergometry by using machine learning models, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, further investigations are required to uncover the hidden capabilities of single-lead ECG in IHD diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"104396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of night sentry duties on cardiometabolic health in military personnel.","authors":"Haewon Byeon","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.102133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.102133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the study by Lin <i>et al</i>, which explores the effects of night sentry duties on cardiometabolic health in military personnel. The research identifies significant correlations between the frequency of night shifts and negative cardiometabolic outcomes, such as elevated resting pulse rates and lowered levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These outcomes underscore the health risks linked to partial sleep deprivation, a common challenge in military environments. The editorial highlights the clinical significance of these findings, advocating for the implementation of targeted health interventions to mitigate these risks. Strategies such as structured sleep recovery programs and lifestyle modifications are recommended to improve the health management of military personnel engaged in nocturnal duties. By addressing these issues, military health management can better safeguard the well-being and operational readiness of its personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"102133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adenosine triphosphate-induced cell death in heart failure: Is there a link?","authors":"Jing-Jing Zhang, Lu Cheng, Qian Qiao, Xue-Liang Xiao, Shao-Jun Lin, Yue-Fang He, Ren-Luo Sha, Jun Sha, Yin Ma, Hao-Ling Zhang, Xue-Rui Ye","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.105021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.105021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) has emerged as one of the foremost global health threats due to its intricate pathophysiological mechanisms and multifactorial etiology. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced cell death represents a novel form of regulated cell deaths, marked by cellular energy depletion and metabolic dysregulation stemming from excessive ATP accumulation, identifying its uniqueness compared to other cell death processes modalities such as programmed cell death and necrosis. Growing evidence suggests that ATP-induced cell death (AICD) is predominantly governed by various biological pathways, including energy metabolism, redox homeostasis and intracellular calcium equilibrium. Recent research has shown that AICD is crucial in HF induced by pathological conditions like myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and chemotherapy. Thus, it is essential to investigate the function of AICD in the pathogenesis of HF, as this may provide a foundation for the development of targeted therapies and novel treatment strategies. This review synthesizes current advancements in understanding the link between AICD and HF, while further elucidating its involvement in cardiac remodeling and HF progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"105021"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravascular ULTRA sound-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI: Rationale and design of the ULTRA-STEMI trial.","authors":"Efstratios Karagiannidis, Andreas S Papazoglou, Athanasios Samaras, Athina Nasoufidou, Georgios Zormpas, Georgios Tagarakis, Konstantinos C Theodoropoulos, Marios Papadakis, Apostolos Tzikas, Nikolaos Fragakis, George Kassimis","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.106072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.106072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Safety and efficacy of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been consistently shown in recent trials. However, prospective data on the clinical effects of IVUS usage in primary PCI are still warranted. The ULTRA-STEMI trial is a prospective investigator-initiated observational single-center cohort trial aiming to enroll 80 patients with STEMI.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the outcomes of patients with STEMI undergoing IVUS-guided PCI and correlate derived IVUS measurements with clinical, procedural, imaging and follow-up outcomes of interest.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study participants will undergo primary PCI as per standardized procedures. IVUS pullbacks will be performed pre-intervention, post-lesion preparation, post-intervention and post-optimization using a 20 MHz digital IVUS (Eagle Eye Platinum, Philips). Manual thrombus aspiration will be performed in cases of high thrombus burden. The aspirated thrombi will be scanned with micro-computed tomography to extract volumetric measurements of the aspirated thrombotic burden. Moreover, angiographic, peri-procedural and 3-year follow-up data will be gathered. Co-primary endpoints will be cardiovascular mortality and target vessel failure, defined as the composite of: Cardiovascular mortality, target vessel myocardial infarction and/or clinically driven target vessel revascularization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the study are expected by the third quarter of 2029.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ULTRA-STEMI trial will add to the existing literature the clinical, angiographic, micro-computed tomography and follow-up outcomes of IVUS-guided PCI in 80 patients presenting with STEMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"106072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatilome and machine learning in ischemic heart disease: Current challenges and future perspectives.","authors":"Basheer Abdullah Marzoog, Philipp Kopylov","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.106593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.106593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integrating exhaled breath analysis into the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases holds significant promise as a valuable tool for future clinical use, particularly for ischemic heart disease (IHD). However, current research on the volatilome (exhaled breath composition) in heart disease remains underexplored and lacks sufficient evidence to confirm its clinical validity. Key challenges hindering the application of breath analysis in diagnosing IHD include the scarcity of studies (only three published papers to date), substantial methodological bias in two of these studies, and the absence of standardized protocols for clinical implementation. Additionally, inconsistencies in methodologies-such as sample collection, analytical techniques, machine learning (ML) approaches, and result interpretation-vary widely across studies, further complicating their reproducibility and comparability. To address these gaps, there is an urgent need to establish unified guidelines that define best practices for breath sample collection, data analysis, ML integration, and biomarker annotation. Until these challenges are systematically resolved, the widespread adoption of exhaled breath analysis as a reliable diagnostic tool for IHD remains a distant goal rather than an imminent reality.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"106593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle changes for cardiometabolic health: Planting the seeds for long-term benefit.","authors":"Li-You Lian, Qin-Fen Chen, Xiao-Dong Zhou","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.103544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.103544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With nearly three-quarters of global deaths attributed to lifestyle-associated diseases, effective lifestyle modifications are more urgent than ever. The American Heart Association's framework for cardiovascular health has evolved significantly, transitioning from 'Life's Simple 7' to 'Life's Essential 8' with the incorporation of sleep, and further to 'Life's Essential 9' by adding mental health as a key component. Despite these advancements, recent evidence reveals a persistently low prevalence of ideal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health behaviors across populations. These findings highlight the critical gap in addressing modifiable lifestyle and psychosocial factors. To reduce the global disease burden, public health strategies must prioritize comprehensive interventions that encompass physical, neurological, and mental well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"103544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ivabradine in the treatment of congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia: A systematic review.","authors":"Syed Faqeer Hussain Bokhari, Muhammad Muaz Mushtaq, Maham Mushtaq, Husnain Ali, Danyal Bakht, Muhayya Faizullah, Almas Asghar, Muhammad Khan Buhadur Ali, Muhammad Asad Sarwar, Maryyam Liaqat, Asma Iqbal, Wahidullah Dost","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.104465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v17.i4.104465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia (CJET) is a rare but life-threatening arrhythmia in neonates and infants, often refractory to conventional antiarrhythmic therapy. Ivabradine, a selective inhibitor of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, has emerged as a promising drug for CJET management.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ivabradine in the management of CJET. Specifically, this study aims to analyze the dosing strategies, treatment outcomes, and the role of ivabradine as monotherapy or adjunct therapy in patients who have previously received other antiarrhythmic medications. Additionally, this review seeks to assess the impact of ivabradine on heart rate (HR) control, rhythm conversion, and its overall safety profile to provide evidence-based insights into its clinical use for CJET management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review aims to evaluate the outcomes of ivabradine, either as monotherapy or as an adjunctive therapy, in the treatment of CJET. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple electronic databases to identify relevant studies investigating the use of ivabradine in CJET. Stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the inclusion of high-quality, peer-reviewed studies. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies, comprising 6 case reports, 3 case series, and 1 cohort study, met the inclusion criteria. Ivabradine doses ranged from 0.025 to 0.28 mg/kg/dose, administered either as monotherapy or in combination with various antiarrhythmic medications. Overall, ivabradine demonstrated promising results in achieving HR control, conversion to sinus rhythm, or stabilization of junctional rhythm. No significant adverse effects related to ivabradine were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The available evidence suggests that ivabradine may be an effective adjunctive therapy or, in some cases, a potential monotherapy for the management of CJET, particularly in cases refractory to traditional antiarrhythmic medications. However, the current evidence is limited by the small sample sizes and retrospective nature of the included studies. Well-designed prospective studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up periods are warranted to further elucidate the role of ivabradine in CJET management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"104465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12038696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nexilin mutations, a cause of chronic heart failure: A state-of-the-art review starting from a clinical case.","authors":"Oana-Cornelia Năstasie, Dan-Andrei Radu, Sebastian Onciul, Marian-Bogdan Drăgoescu, Nicoleta-Monica Popa-Fotea","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i3.100290","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i3.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a medical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality, despite ongoing advances in diagnosis and treatment. Among the various causes of HF, cardiomyopathies are particularly significant and must be thoroughly diagnosed and characterized from the outset. In this review, we aim to present a brief overview of cardiomyopathies as a driver of HF, with a specific focus on the genetic causes, particularly nexilin (NEXN) cardiomyopathy, illustrated by a clinical case. The case involves a 63-year-old male who presented with HF symptoms at moderate exertion. Six months prior, he had been asymptomatic, and a routine transthoracic echocardiography had shown a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, during the current evaluation, transthoracic echocardiography revealed a dilated left ventricle with a severely reduced LVEF of 30%. Subsequent coronary angiography ruled out ischemic heart disease, while cardiac magnetic resonance imaging indicated a non-inflammatory, non-infiltrative dilated cardiomyopathy with extensive LV fibrosis. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous in-frame deletion variant in the <i>NEXN</i> gene [c.1949_1951del, p.(Gly650del)], classified as likely pathogenic. State-of-the-art HF treatment was initiated, including cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator support. Following treatment, the patient's symptoms resolved, and LVEF improved to 42%. Interestingly, this patient experienced the onset of symptoms and left ventricular dysfunction within just six months, a much faster progression compared to previously documented cases where the G650del NEXN variant is typically linked to a more gradual development of dilated cardiomyopathy. Current literature offers limited data on patients with NEXN mutations, and the connection between this gene and both dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies remains an area of active research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 3","pages":"100290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of interleukins in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease: A literature review.","authors":"Saira Rafaqat, Azeem Azam, Ramsha Hafeez, Hamza Faseeh, Maria Tariq, Muhammad Asif, Amber Arshad, Iqra Noshair","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i3.103947","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i3.103947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukins (ILs), a subset of cytokines, play a critical role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD) by mediating inflammation. This review article summarizes the role of ILs such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 in the pathogenesis of CHD. Individuals with mild coronary artery disease (CAD) and angina who have ischemic heart disease have higher serum concentrations of IL-1b. Larger studies are needed to verify the safety and assess the effectiveness of low-dose IL-2 as an anti-inflammatory treatment. IL-3 is found more often in patients receiving coronary angioplasty compared to patients with asymptomatic CAD or without CAD. Serum levels of IL-4 are reliable indicators of CAD. An independent correlation between IL-5 and the incidence of CAD was demonstrated. IL-6 helps serve as a reliable biomarker for the degree of CAD, as determined by the Gensini score, and is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis. Also, variants of IL-7/7R have been linked to the Han Chinese population's genetic susceptibility to CHD. IL-8 plays a role in the progression of CAD occurrences. By interacting with conventional risk factors for CAD, IL-9 may contribute to the development of CAD and offer an innovative approach to its prevention and management. There was a 34% increased risk of a CHD incident for every standard deviation rise in baseline IL-10 levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 3","pages":"103947"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connection between heart rate variability alterations and cancer in tumor patients.","authors":"Yu-Zhu Deng, Bing Song","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i3.102999","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i3.102999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A significant proportion of cancer patients experience autonomic dysfunction, and cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy can exacerbate impairments in the cardiac autonomic nervous system. This study sought to investigate the characteristics of heart rate variability (HRV) in individuals with cancer.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the relationship between HRV and cancer patients, providing insights and references for cancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 127 cancer patients with available 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram data. HRV differences were analyzed using both time domain and frequency domain methods. These findings were then compared to HRV data from reference individuals, sourced from literature that utilized the same HRV computing algorithm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed that cancer patients generally exhibited abnormal HRV compared to the reference group. HRV was found to be correlated with age and clinical type (<i>P</i> < 0.05), but no significant correlation was observed with tumor site or gender (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that cancer patients have significantly abnormal HRV compared to reference individuals, suggesting the presence of a certain level of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 3","pages":"102999"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}