World Journal of Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Current knowledge for the risk factors of early permanent pacemaker implantation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement and what is next for the primary prevention?","authors":"Gen-Min Lin, Wei-Chun Huang, Chih-Lu Han","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i2.54","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i2.54","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this editorial, we comprehensively summarized the preoperative risk factors of early permanent pacemaker implantation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) among patients with severe aortic stenosis from several renowned clinical studies and focused on the primary prevention of managing the modifiable factors, <i>e.g.</i>, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation before the TAVR.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"16 2","pages":"54-57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Venous Doppler flow patterns, venous congestion, heart disease and renal dysfunction: A complex liaison","authors":"Alessio Di Maria, Rossella Siligato, M. Bondanelli, Fabio Fabbian","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The World Journal of Cardiology published an article written by Kuwahara et al that we take the pleasure to comment on. We focused our attention on venous congestion. In intensive care settings, it is now widely accepted that venous congestion is an important clinical feature worthy of investigation. Evaluating venous Doppler profile abnormalities at multiple sites could suggest adequate treatment and monitor its efficacy. Renal dysfunction could trigger or worsen fluid overload in heart disease, and cardio-renal syndrome is a well-characterized spectrum of disorders describing the complex interactions between heart and kidney diseases. Fluid overload and venous congestion, including renal venous hypertension, are major determinants of acute and chronic renal dysfunction arising in heart disease. Organ congestion from venous hypertension could be involved in the development of organ injury in several clinical situations, such as critical diseases, congestive heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Ultrasonography and abnormal Doppler flow patterns diagnose clinically significant systemic venous congestion. Cardiologists and nephrologists might use this valuable, non-invasive, bedside diagnostic tool to establish fluid status and guide clinical choices.","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"77 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139593673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the silent link: Normal-tension glaucoma's enigmatic bond with cardiac blood flow","authors":"Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh, A. Morya, Ajanya K Aradhya, Pavithra Pannerselvam, S. Gopalakrishnan, S. Ramesh, A. Devadas, Navaneeth Krishna","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This comprehensive review embarks on a captivating journey into the complex relationship between cardiology and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), a condition that continues to baffle clinicians and researchers alike. NTG, characterized by optic nerve damage and visual field loss despite normal intraocular pressure, has long puzzled clinicians. One emerging perspective suggests that alterations in ocular blood flow, particularly within the optic nerve head, may play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. While NTG shares commonalities with its high-tension counterpart, its unique pathogenesis and potential ties to cardiovascular health make it a fascinating subject of exploration. It navigates through the complex web of vascular dysregulation, blood pressure and perfusion pressure, neurovascular coupling, and oxidative stress, seeking to uncover the hidden threads that tie the heart and eyes together in NTG. This review explores into the intricate mechanisms connecting cardiovascular factors to NTG, shedding light on how cardiac dynamics can influence ocular health, particularly in cases where intraocular pressure remains within the normal range. NTG's enigmatic nature, often characterized by seemingly contradictory risk factors and clinical profiles, underscores the need for a holistic approach to patient care. Drawing parallels to cardiac health, we examine into the shared vascular terrain connecting the heart and the eyes. Cardiovascular factors, including systemic blood flow, endothelial dysfunction, and microcirculatory anomalies, may exert a profound influence on ocular perfusion, impacting the delicate balance within the optic nerve head. By elucidating the subtle clues and potential associations between cardiology and NTG, this review invites clinicians to consider a broader perspective in their evaluation and management of this elusive condition. As the understanding of these connections evolves, so too may the prospects for early diagnosis and tailored interventions, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for those living with NTG.","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"45 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139594867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of pulmonary hypertension remains a major hurdle to corrective surgery in Down syndrome","authors":"Akash Batta, Juniali Hatwal","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality encountered in clinical practice with 50% of them having associated congenital heart disease (CHD). Shunt lesions account for around 75% of all CHDs in Down syndrome. Down syndrome patients, especially with large shunts are particularly predisposed to early development of severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) compared with shunt lesions in general population. This necessitates timely surgical correction which remains the only viable option to prevent long term morbidity and mortality. However, despite clear recommendations, there is wide gap between actual practice and fear of underlying PH which often leads to surgical refusals in Down syndrome even when the shunt is reversible. Another peculiarity is that Down syndrome patients can develop PH even after successful correction of shunt. It is not uncommon to come across Down syndrome patients with uncorrected shunts in adulthood with irreversible PH at which stage intracardiac repair is contraindicated and the only option available is a combined heart-lung transplant. However, despite the guidelines laid by authorities, the rates of cardiac transplant in adult Down syndrome remain dismal largely attributable to the high prevalence of intellectual disability in them. The index case presents a real-world scenario highlighting the impact of severe PH on treatment strategies and discrimination driven by the fear of worse outcomes in these patients.","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139594424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do changes in intracoronary pressure aid coronary spasm diagnosis using the spasm provocation test?","authors":"H. Teragawa, C. Oshita, Y. Uchimura","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.16","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Although the spasm provocation test (SPT) can diagnose coronary spasms, it would be helpful if it could also predict their occurrence.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To investigate whether coronary spasms can be predicted using changes in intracoronary artery pressure measured using a pressure wire during the SPT.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 Seventy patients underwent SPTs with pressure-wire measurement of intracoronary artery pressure. During each SPT, the pressure wire was advanced into the distal portion of the right coronary artery (RCA) and left anterior descending coronary artery, and the ratio of intracoronary pressure to aortic pressure (Pd/Pa) was monitored. Coronary spasm was defined as an arterial narrowing of > 90% in response to the administration of acetylcholine (ACh), with chest symptoms and/or ischemic electrocardiographic changes. ACh was administered to the RCA at low, moderate, or high doses of 20, 50, or 80 µg, respectively, and to the left coronary artery (LCA) at low, moderate, or high doses of 50, 100, or 200 µg, respectively. Coronary arteries with coronary spasms at low doses of ACh were defined as group L, and those with coronary spasms at moderate or high doses were defined as group MH. Those who did not occur coronary spasms at any ACh dose were designated as group N.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Among the 132 coronary arteries assessed using a pressure wire, there were 49 in group N, 25 in group L, and 58 in group MH. Baseline Pd/Pa was the lowest in group L (P = 0.001). The decrease in the Pd/Pa between baseline to low doses of ACh was lower in group MH than in group N (P < 0.001). A receiver-operating characteristics analysis showed that the cutoff baseline Pd/Pa value for predicting group L was 0.95, with a sensitivity of 0.600 (15/25) and a specificity of 0.713 (76/107) and that the cutoff value of Pd/Pa from baseline to low doses of ACh for predicting group MH was −0.04, with a sensitivity of 0.741 (43/58) and a specificity of 0.694 (34/49).\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 These findings suggest that indices of intracoronary pressure during SPT may be useful means for predicting the occurrence of coronary spasms.","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"64 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139593878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in cardiac surgery: A systematic review","authors":"C. Kourek, Marios Kanellopoulos, Vasiliki Raidou, Michalis Antonopoulos, E. Karatzanos, Irini Patsaki, S. Dimopoulos","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.27","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Lack of mobilization and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) are major factors resulting in the development of ICU-acquired muscle weakness (ICUAW). ICUAW is a type of skeletal muscle dysfunction and a common complication of patients after cardiac surgery, and may be a risk factor for prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation, associated with a higher risk of readmission and higher mortality. Early mobilization in the ICU after cardiac surgery has been found to be low with a significant trend to increase over ICU stay and is also associated with a reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an alternative modality of exercise in patients with muscle weakness. A major advantage of NMES is that it can be applied even in sedated patients in the ICU, a fact that might enhance early mobilization in these patients.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To evaluate safety, feasibility and effectiveness of NMES on functional capacity and muscle strength in patients before and after cardiac surgery.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 We performed a search on Pubmed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Embase and CINAHL databases, selecting papers published between December 2012 and April 2023 and identified published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included implementation of NMES in patients before after cardiac surgery. RCTs were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias via the PEDro. The primary outcomes were safety and functional capacity and the secondary outcomes were muscle strength and function.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Ten studies were included in our systematic review, resulting in 703 participants. Almost half of them performed NMES and the other half were included in the control group, treated with usual care. Nine studies investigated patients after cardiac surgery and 1 study before cardiac surgery. Functional capacity was assessed in 8 studies via 6MWT or other indices, and improved only in 1 study before and in 1 after cardiac surgery. Nine studies explored the effects of NMES on muscle strength and function and, most of them, found increase of muscle strength and improvement in muscle function after NMES. NMES was safe in all studies without any significant complication.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 NMES is safe, feasible and has beneficial effects on muscle strength and function in patients after cardiac surgery, but has no significant effect on functional capacity.","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"90 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139593323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left bundle branch pacing vs biventricular pacing in heart failure patients with left bundle branch block: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Farah Yasmin, Abdul Moeed, R. Ochani, Hamna Raheel, Malik Ali Ehtsham Awan, Ayesha Liaquat, Arisha Saleem, Muhammad Aamir, Nael Hawwa, Salim Surani","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v16.i1.40","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is a novel pacing modality of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) that achieves more physiologic native ventricular activation than biventricular pacing (BiVP).\u0000 AIM\u0000 To explore the validity of electromechanical resynchronization, clinical and echocardiographic response of LBBP-CRT.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 Systematic review and Meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the standard guidelines as mentioned in detail in the methodology section.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 In our analysis, the success rate of LBBP-CRT was determined to be 91.1%. LBBP-CRT significantly shortened QRS duration, with significant improvement in echocardiographic parameters, including left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter in comparison with BiVP-CRT.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 A significant reduction in New York Heart Association class and B-type natriuretic peptide levels was also observed in the LBBP-CRT group vs BiVP-CRT group. Lastly, the LBBP-CRT cohort had a reduced pacing threshold at follow-up as compared to BiVP-CRT.","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"53 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139594776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary and tricuspid regurgitation after Tetralogy of Fallot repair: A case report.","authors":"Jing-Yi Cao, Xiao-Ping Ning, Guang-Wei Zhou, Bai-Ling Li, Fan Qiao, Lin Han, Zhi-Yun Xu, Fang-Lin Lu","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v15.i12.642","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v15.i12.642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common congenital heart defects, and surgery is the primary treatment. There are no precise guidelines on the treatment protocol for tricuspid regurgitation (TR) as a common complication of TOF repair. The timing for treatment in patients presenting with valve regurgitation after TOF repair is often difficult to determine. Here, we report the first case of sequential treatment of pulmonary and TR using interventional therapy.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>We present the case of a 52-year-old female patient, who had a history of TOF repair at a young age. A few years later, the patient presented with pulmonary and tricuspid regurgitation. The symptoms persisted and TR worsened following percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation. Preoperative testing revealed that the patient's disease had advanced to an intermediate to advanced stage and that her general health was precarious. Because open-heart surgery was not an option for the patient, transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement was suggested. This procedure was successful, and the patient recovered fully without any adverse effects. This case report may serve as a useful resource for planning future treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment of both valves should be considered in patients with tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitations following TOF repair. The interventional strategy could be an alternative for patients with poor general health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"15 12","pages":"642-648"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10758604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139088679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and prognostic impact of Pericarpium Trichosanthis injection combined with nicorandil for intractable angina pectoris in elderly patients: A retrospective study.","authors":"Jun Li, Mo-Wei Kong, Yu-Yu Xie, Ze-Bi Wang, Li Xu, Guo-Xiang He","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v15.i12.633","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v15.i12.633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of global cardiovascular mortality. Refractory angina pectoris, a manifestation of CAD, requires effective drug treatments. Pericarpium Trichosanthis injection, a traditional Chinese medicine, improves cardiovascular symptoms, while nicorandil alleviates spasms and angina. Both have potential in treating CAD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the therapeutic effects of combining Pericarpium Trichosanthis injection and nicorandil in elderly patients suffering from refractory angina caused by coronary heart disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 130 patients diagnosed with refractory coronary heart disease. Based on the different treatment regimens administered during hospitalization, the patients were divided into a control group (58 cases) and a study group (72 cases). The control group received conventional treatment, which included aspirin, statins, and nitrate vasodilators. In addition to the conventional medication, the study group received a combination treatment of Pericarpium Trichosanthis injection and nicorandil.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After treatment, the study group showed significantly higher left ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac output, and lower brain natriuretic peptide and C-reactive protein levels compared to the control group. The study group also exhibited improvements in angina, quality of life, exercise endurance, and lipid profiles. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a relationship of lipid levels and heart function with the combined treatment. Some patients in the study group experienced headaches during treatment, but no significant adverse reactions were observed. Follow-up showed that the treatment was well-tolerated, with no drug-related adverse reactions detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combination of Pericarpium Trichosanthis injection and nicorandil is more effective than conventional treatment in improving symptoms and heart function in elderly patients with refractory angina pectoris.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"15 12","pages":"633-641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10758601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139088677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quo vadis cardiac rehabilitation; the role of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in modern cardiology.","authors":"Nenad Lakušić, Ivana Sopek Merkaš","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v15.i12.627","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v15.i12.627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In accordance with the guidelines established by prominent European and global cardiology associations, comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) stands as an officially endorsed and highly recommended therapeutic approach (class I recommendations; level of evidence A) for a diverse spectrum of cardiac patients. Nevertheless, it is a cause for concern to observe that fewer than 50% of eligible patients are being effectively referred for CR, whether in an outpatient or inpatient setting. Concurrently, studies reveal that a substantial proportion of individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease maintain unhealthy lifestyles and exhibit suboptimal management of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, lipid levels, and diabetes. Beyond the conventional patient profile encompassing those recovering from acute coronary syndrome with or without percutaneous coronary intervention, as well as patients who have undergone coronary or valvular surgery, contemporary CR now emphasizes specialized subgroups of patients. These include frail elderly patients, the female population with its unique considerations, individuals burdened by multiple cardiovascular comorbidities, those who have developed psychological consequences due to a cardiac illness and particularly those grappling with chronic heart failure. This editorial seeks to offer a state-of-the-art assessment of the significance and role of comprehensive CR within modern cardiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"15 12","pages":"627-632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10758603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139088680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}