Energija, ekonomija, ekologija最新文献

{"title":"Idejno rešenje regionalnog Data Centra kod Beograda napajanog iz obnovljivih izvora energije","authors":"Ivana Vujović, Željko Đurišić","doi":"10.46793/eee21-3.10v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee21-3.10v","url":null,"abstract":"Telecommunications and computer equipment centralisation trends for the purpose of achieving economic benefits, usage of technological innovations and new technical solutions implementation leads to the requirements for building bigger Data Centres (DCs). An increase in the size of the DC facility i.e. the number of racks inside occupied with equipment and the number of devices that enables the proper functioning of that equipment leads to necessarily power energy requirements increasing for power supply. For the DCs that require a large amount of energy, the building of their own, usually renewable energy sources (RES) is cost-effective. In such a caser, RES are primary and Power System (PS) is secondary and redundant power source. A concept of a DC primary powered from RES is presented in this paper. Generated electrical energy in RES is transmitted in PS through high voltage switch-gears (SGs) while DC is power supplied from PS through low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage SG-s. For the purpose of realisation of such facility, it is necessary to enable adequate conditions related to geographical location, physical access to the facility, possibility of connecting to the PS and possibility of connecting to the telecommunications centres. Based on carried out researches related to RESs potential, available roads, power supply infrastructure and telecommunication infrastructure, development conditions for DC on location near to Belgrade, close to power transformer station „Belgrade 20“ are analysed in this paper. From the aspect of DC power supply, proposed solution includes wind farm, solar plant and landfill gas power plant, as well as related SGs. Telecommunication connections from DC to the PS and other important telecommunication centres are provided. These connections are realised through optical cables placed next to the electrical lines and cables, and, when that is not possible, placed independently in the ground. The design of the DC interior is given and calculations of the required electrical energy for the power supply of the equipment and devices in the facility are performed. Based on calculation results, capacity calculation of the RES and calculation of SGs are performed. Design of the interior optical connections inside DC is also given. A General assessment of the investment and economics of building such DC are given at the end of the paper.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129206680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agro-fotonaponski sistemi kao sinergija poljoprivredne i proizvodnje električne energije","authors":"G. Rimac, Ilija Batas Bjelić","doi":"10.46793/eee22-3.72r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee22-3.72r","url":null,"abstract":"Having in mind the deteriorating conditions for agricultural production due to climate change, there are more and more factors that justify the use of agro-photovoltaic or agrivoltaic systems. The systems offer an innovative, efficient and cost-effective solution for the simultaneous development of sustainable agricultural production and renewable energy production. Besides, they increase land use by synergizing agricultural infrastructure with photovoltaics, making rural communities more competitive and sustainable. In this way, farmers have the opportunity to develop a new source of income without leaving agricultural production. Installed directly above agricultural crops, solar panels protect plants from excessive sunlight, heat, maintain soil moisture, protect from hail and frost, enabling a stable yield with the simultaneous production of electricity. The benefits of using APV systems can be increased thanks to digital solutions being adapted to crop needs by optimizing the level of shading or soil moisture in relation to electricity production. Solar energy can be used to drive irrigation pumps, thus replacing diesel generators, as well as for the purpose of processing agricultural products and powering equipment and rolling stock on farms. Individual farmers as well as cooperatives can benefit from the application of these systems, given that the experience so far shows an increase in farm income of over 30%. The technical and economic feasibility of APV projects has been proven in many countries, and the lack of an appropriate regulatory framework is probably the biggest obstacle for their potential to be realized. Investments in these projects are higher compared to conventional photovoltaic systems installed on the ground so, at this moment, it is necessary to design and implement certain support measures to achieve positive economic effects in the Republic of Serbia (AP Vojvodina). Taking into account the climatic conditions in the territory of Serbia (AP Vojvodina), as well as the crops that are grown, it is necessary to examine the possibility of applying these systems primarily to vegetable and fruit crops.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128830430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implеmеntаciја i rаzvој prаvilа zа priklјučеnjе gеnеrаtоrskih јеdinicа kоје su prеkо invеrtоrа pоvеzаnе nа mrеžu u Nemačkoj","authors":"Stаnkо Јаnkоvić, Bојаn Ivаnоvić","doi":"10.46793/eee21-4.59j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee21-4.59j","url":null,"abstract":"The authors review the development of unconventional power generation units in Germany in the last 10 years with a view to possible scenarios in 2035 and 2040. The dynamic development of production from renewable energy sources led to the fact that in some parts of Germany the plan for the production of electricity from renewable sources for 2025 was reached in 2011. Bearing in mind that about 97% of all renewable energy production units are connected to distribution networks, the question of operational production management arises. The paper presents technical solutions for the management of production from renewable sources, as well as the necessary technical requirements for the connection of generator units that are connected to the grid via inverters in order to preserve the stability of the power system.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121697228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Models of Prosumers Electricity Usage","authors":"Dunja Grujić, Miloš Kuzman","doi":"10.46793/eee22-1.08g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee22-1.08g","url":null,"abstract":"In light of the sharp and significant increase of the electricity price on the global market in 2021, the concept of electricity production for the own needs gained importance. This work will analyze the possibilities of reducing electricity costs for end customers who become prosumers. It will also present ways of managing prosumers consumption in order to more rationally use produced electricity and improve energy efficiency. In addition, the impact of prosumers on total electricity generation from renewable sources in the Republic of Serbia will be discussed. To that end, special attention shall be on different models of assessment of total electricity produced in prosumers facilities, in accordance with the Law on the Use of Renewable Energy Sources. At the end, the results of the analyses will be presented, as well as possibilities for future development of the prosumers concept, in order to achieve the goals in faster and more successful manner, in accordance with the commitments made in international agreements, which will be implemented in the Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan. In addition, when conducting research, special focus shall be on international practice in this area.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130489848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydro power plants operating modes in a cascade system depending on the needs of the power system","authors":"Sofija Nikolova Poceva, A. Chaushevski, V. Stojkovski, Z. Markov","doi":"10.46793/eee20-1-2.153np","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee20-1-2.153np","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the methodology for hydro power plants operation (Long-term and Short-term) in a hydro power cascade system. It includes water managing of generating and/or pumping units taking into accounts technical characteristics of the power plants facilities (turbine/generator and pump/motor systems), reservoirs characteristics considering all hydraulically connected infrastructures which are, as well as the hydrological conditions (for run offs and turbine inflows). The goal of the operation for all hydropower system is to have maximum profit from electricity production taking into account electricity market environment, power system requirements, as well as satisfying technical conditions and at the same time avoiding water spilling as it is maximum possible. Operating modes of the hydro power plants depend on electricity market price, tariff prices and time duration of each tariff (base, peak, and rush hour), technical characteristics of the unit(s), hydro technical conditions, water reservoir’s volumes, run off and others. The application of the model is presented with the results on real hydro power systems consist of different hydraulic connections in various cases depend on hydrological conditions and requirements. The model can be used to make preliminary analysis for additional improvement of hydro systems as having the results for additional installed power of the existing system. The selected output results are presented with appropriated comparing and at the end with conclusion remarks.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"28 28","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120823463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rekonstrukcija elektromotornog pogona kolica transportnih traka T5L i T5D u sistemu dopreme uglja na termoelektrani „Nikola Tesla-B“","authors":"Željko Despotović, Aleksandar Ribić, Dejan Đokić, Ranko Rakijaš","doi":"10.46793/eee20-1-2.079d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee20-1-2.079d","url":null,"abstract":"U sklopu rekonstrukcije elektromotornog pogona kolica transportnih traka T5L i T5P u sistemu za dopremu uglja na termoelektrani „Nikola Tesla“-B su izvršena opsežna merenja na postojećem sistemu neregulisanog elektromotornog pogona, baziranog na hidrodinamičkoj spojnici. Na osnovu ovih merenja sagledani su svi nedostaci postojećeg rešenja u električnom i mehaničkom smislu, urađen je kompletan simulacioni model sistema, na osnovu čega je predloženo novo rešenje regulisanog elektromotornog pogona baziranog na DTC frekventoj regulaciji uz mogućnost kombinacije čoperskog kontrolisanog kočenja i mehaničkog kočenja pogona. U radu su predstavljeni ključni rezultati merenja na postojećem sistemu, njihova analiza i predlog inoviranog rešenja.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131217541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uticaj armirano betonskog stuba na raspodelu magnetskog polja mešovitog voda","authors":"Teodora Gavrilov, K. Kasas-Lazetic, Kristian Haska, M. Prsa","doi":"10.46793/eee20-1-2.058g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee20-1-2.058g","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the analysis of magnetic field distribution of overhead mixed power line (20 kV/0.4 kV) supported by reinforced concrete towers, named MNL-12 is presented. The impact of ferromagnetic, conductive parts of the pylons (reinforcing bars, billets and cross arm beams) on magnetic field distribution is investigated. The numerical calculations were performed in COMSOL Multiphysics program package on simplified 2D model. The main goal of the calculations was to examine the impact of currents induced in ferromagnetic conductive parts on magnetic field produced by currents in the power system’s conductors. The calculation results are presented graphically, as the diagrams of the magnetic flux density magnitude distribution in the tower plan, normal to the system’s axe. The calculation results demonstrated that the magnetic field of induced currents decreases the magnetic field produced by the currents of overhead power system.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134408238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uticaj tržišnih cena električne energije na isplativost buduće reverzibilne hidroelektrane u Srbiji","authors":"Radoš Čabarkapa, Vladimir Šiljkut, Danilo Komatina, Miroslav Tomašević","doi":"10.46793/eee21-4.23c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee21-4.23c","url":null,"abstract":"Deregulation in the power sector, liberalization of the electricity market, tendency to connect markets across Europe, introduction of incentives for construction and use of renewable energy sources (RES) and - consequently - their increasing presence in electricity systems, have taken a decisive impact on wholesale electricity prices. In addition, the introduction of CO2 taxes has further increased overall electricity prices. On the other hand, it reduced the profits of fossil fuel thermal power plants (TPPs). Also, in order to meet the prescribed requirements in the field of environmental protection, TPPs must apply pollution prevention systems that are very expensive, both in terms of investment and exploitation. As an alternative, investments in the hydro sector should be considered. However, this option is characterized by other issues; In contrast to the long-term construction and exploitation of hydro capacity, there are fluctuations in electricity prices on the day-ahead market which affect the work schedule and revenues of these facilities. To investigate this problem, hourly and daily prices in the regional electricity market were analysed. Trends in wholesale electricity prices on the day-ahead market have been determined. Their relevant values were estimated and used as one of the sets of input data for cost-benefit analysis and sensitivity analysis of the case study - future reversible hydropower plant (RHPP) \"Bistrica\". The impact of fluctuations in electricity prices on the day-ahead market was emphasized. The aim of this research was to draw a conclusion as to whether the movement of these prices is in favour of the construction of possible RHPPs in Serbia. Based on the conducted analyses, it can be concluded that the upward trend in the level of wholesale electricity prices (which began in 2019 and is expected to continue in the future considering the EU regulatory policy regarding CO2 emissions taxes) may positively affect the profitability of investment in RHE Bistrica (i.e. to shorten the payback period), but not so dramatically, since with the increase in electricity prices, the costs for pumping also increase.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132379968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angažovanje generatora i potrebe balansnih rezervi u prisustvu intermitentnih OIE: Studija slučaja elektroenergetskog sistema Srbije","authors":"Nenad Jovanović","doi":"10.46793/eee22-3.16j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee22-3.16j","url":null,"abstract":"Intermittent electricity generation of the various renewable energy sources sets additional burden on generation unit dispatching and reserve planning in day-ahead electricity market. The conventional unit commitment models which include rump-up and rump-down limits are usually presented with stepwise mathematical functions without clear distinction between power and energy. This paper presents a case study of generation unit dispatching planning approach for the case of pricewise-linear functions from one time interval to another, taking into account actual ramping trajectories thus providing more efficient reserve scheduling particularly during generators’ start-up and shut-down processes. For the representation of reserve schedules, the 10-min and 30-min ramp capabilities of the generation units are assumed where they are obliged to provide secondary, tertiary and offline-tertiary reserves depending on their technical capabilities. The Serbian power system case study represents a 24-hour unit commitment planning and up/down secondary and tertiary reserve requirements during a scarcity event when reserve flexibility of neighbouring power systems cannot be utilised. Formulation of the optimisation mathematical model is performed via GAMS, the General Algebraic Modelling System, and CPLEX optimiser is used for problem optimisation purposes.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133120198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energetska tranzicija – inteligentna, pravedna i ekološki prihvatljiva","authors":"Jasmina Mandić-Lukić, Đorđina Milovanović, Maja Stipić, Radovan Rakovic, Sanja Petrović-Bećirović","doi":"10.46793/eee22-2.68ml","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee22-2.68ml","url":null,"abstract":"The energy crisis that began in 2021 and continues in 2022, in addition to the great confusion in the electricity market, has contributed to many activities related to energy transition and the implementation of certain acts in this regard reconsidered and new conclusions and decisions made. Energy transition is a long-term process and generally leads to a reduction in coal-based energy production, in line with climate goals. Having in mind that changes are taking place in the meantime, both in the development of new technologies and even more in the energy market, the goals of the transition should be set so that they have the following characteristics, ie. to be: Smart transition, Just transition and Green transition. The EU TRACER project (H2020, www.tracer-h2020eu) is one of the projects whose implementation will contribute to the successful realization of the transition process. The project covers 9 regions in Europe with intensive coal exploitation. The Kolubara region of coal has been chosen for Serbia. The aim of the project is to establish a strategy for development and innovation (R & I) that will contribute to easier and more successful transition of these regions to sustainable energy noncarbon systems. The paper will present examples of good practice from the project. Part of the paper is dedicated to the transition in the Kolubara Coal Region, with the opportunities provided by new technologies, but some threats that can be found on the transition path are also highlighted. The conclusion emphasizes that the goals of transition in European countries are common, and the paths to it are different.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130153183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}