Energija, ekonomija, ekologija最新文献_第10页

Tržište električne energije u Republici Srpskoj i Bosni i Hercegovini – pregled i analiza u 2020. godini

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee21-4.70m

Dunja Mirjanić, Tihomir Dabović, Željko Marković

{"title":"Tržište električne energije u Republici Srpskoj i Bosni i Hercegovini – pregled i analiza u 2020. godini","authors":"Dunja Mirjanić, Tihomir Dabović, Željko Marković","doi":"10.46793/eee21-4.70m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee21-4.70m","url":null,"abstract":"- Electricity markets in the Western Balkans are still not fully liberalized, so different of degrees electricity market openness can be observed from country to country and even within the country - Bosnia and Herzegovina is an obvious example. In Republika Srpska, the formal legal conditions for starting the process of opening the electricity market were met with the entry into force of the Law on Electricity in late 2007 and the Rulebook on Supplying Qualified Customers and the Procedure for Changing Suppliers, which entered into force in late 2014. However, the actual process of opening the electricity market did not begin until the Ordinance on Amendments to the Ordinance on the Supply of Qualified Customers and the Procedure for Changing Suppliers entered into force, which entered into force in March 2019. The paper first examines and analyses the activities carried out so far on the liberalization of the electricity market, and provides an assessment of achieved results. The necessary conditions and issues that arise before the further opening of the electricity market in the Republic of Srpska are further analysed. Finally, the most important activities that await all relevant actors, first the RS Government, then the line ministry and RERS, suppliers and businesses that actively participate in shaping the electricity market in order to prepare the market for further opening and meeting conditions for its successful completion were analysed in the text.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126542885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimalno podešavanje rezolucije registra električne energije pametnog brojila

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee22-2.75d

Đorđe Dukanac

{"title":"Optimalno podešavanje rezolucije registra električne energije pametnog brojila","authors":"Đorđe Dukanac","doi":"10.46793/eee22-2.75d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee22-2.75d","url":null,"abstract":"Technical losses in the transmission network are: losses of power, i.e. electrical energy, which are a consequence of the consumption of power, i.e. energy for heating the elements in the transmission network due to the existence of active resistance in these elements, losses due to hysteresis, losses due to eddy currents, losses due to drain currents in insulation, losses due to corona and dielectric losses. With the most frequent use of smart meters for indirect connection in operation in a plant set up to display electricity from the secondary side, the active electricity will be read on the meter screen with an additional error. Then the transformation ratios of voltage and current instrument transformers are set in the smart meter as 1:1. In order to obtain the actual value of energy, it is necessary to multiply the measured value of electricity from the meter by the transformation ratios of instrument transformers. Another way is to adjust the actual transformation ratios of voltage and current instrument transformers in the smart meter, so that the actual value of electricity in megawatts can be read on the meter screen. In this paper, the errors of electricity reading are considered, taking into account: transformation ratios of measuring transformers, resolutions and units of electricity, methods of setting smart meters, internal constants of meters, nominal secondary currents of electric meters and the prescribed maximum energy that is registered on the screen of electric meter. It investigates how much larger the errors of secondarily set electric meters for indirect connection with the usual resolution for displaying electricity in three decimal places and the unit of measurement in kilowatt hours compared to other possible settings for reading meters. Errors in the calculation of technical losses of electricity on high-voltage transmission lines and cables and power transformers are noticeable.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133351617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integracija toplotnih pumpi u postojeći energetski sistem u malim i srednjim preduzećima

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee22-3.32z

D. Živković, D. Končalović, V. Vukašinović, M. Josijević, D. Gordić

{"title":"Integracija toplotnih pumpi u postojeći energetski sistem u malim i srednjim preduzećima","authors":"D. Živković, D. Končalović, V. Vukašinović, M. Josijević, D. Gordić","doi":"10.46793/eee22-3.32z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee22-3.32z","url":null,"abstract":"Industry processes are characterized by large amounts of energy losses dissipated as waste heat to the ambient. In industry sectors analysed in the US, China and EU28 lowtemperature waste heat below 230ºC makes up from 33% up to 60% of waste heat. The recovery of low-temperature waste heat is usually complex, affected by the user demand, mismatches between the waste heat source and the user demand, limited space for heat recovery facilities, the heat-power conversion is not efficient for low-temperature waste heat, payback period, etc. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for technical and economic analysis of waste heat recovery. To address the issue of sensible criterion, methodology appropriate for small and medium enterprises is developed and in this paper, the user-friendly optimization integrating the heat exchange, energy conversion and heat storage is presented. A case study of waste heat recovery from an induction machine cooling system is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. The introduced methodology can simplify the heat pump integration process, and the proposed method can be further extended to other industrial processes for low-grade waste heat recovery.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"102 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131746150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analiza vremena ispitivanja i greške očitavanja pametnih brojila električne energije u zavisnosti od njihovog podešenja

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee21-1.50d

Đorđe Dukanac

引用次数: 0

Consideration of Losses in Low Voltage Lines with a Presentation of Calculation Results 低压线路损耗的考虑及计算结果

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee22-1.68s

S. Spremić, Danko Obradovic

{"title":"Consideration of Losses in Low Voltage Lines with a Presentation of Calculation Results","authors":"S. Spremić, Danko Obradovic","doi":"10.46793/eee22-1.68s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee22-1.68s","url":null,"abstract":"The largest part of the total technical losses of power and of electric energy in the distribution of electricity are the technical losses of low voltage lines. Technical losses of electric energy are losses of electric energy that occur in the distribution of electric energy to consumers in electricity distribution equipment, as opposed to commercial losses that include unauthorized use of electricity and losses due to errors in metering equipment. Most of these losses are in low-voltage overhead lines, especially those made of non-insulated conductors. The main source of technical electricity losses is the flow of electric current through conductors. Load asymmetry can significantly increase electric energy losses. Certain measures have been taken to reduce these losses, but not systematically. The calculation of technical power losses for different types of loading of low voltage lines and for load asymmetry is presented and considered. The calculation [1] was done in Microsoft Excel. Input data is entered manually for each calculation. Calculations show that significant savings on losses can be expected with the implementation of measures to balance the load and shift the load (consumer) towards the beginning of the low voltage line, i.e. proper distribution of consumers. These measures need to be implemented in the long term and systematically.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126054123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What Connects Energy Transition and Rural Development in Serbia? 塞尔维亚能源转型与农村发展的关系?

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee22-1.55g

G. Vasić

引用次数: 0

Multisektorski pristup u tranziciji prema niskougljičnom razvoju i ciljevima Zelenog akcionog plana EU – iskustva Republike Hrvatske

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee21-3.26j

Vladimir Jelavić, Valentina Delija-Ružić

{"title":"Multisektorski pristup u tranziciji prema niskougljičnom razvoju i ciljevima Zelenog akcionog plana EU – iskustva Republike Hrvatske","authors":"Vladimir Jelavić, Valentina Delija-Ružić","doi":"10.46793/eee21-3.26j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee21-3.26j","url":null,"abstract":"The paper will describe a multisectoral approach in development of long-term planning documents based on the example of developing background papers for low-carbon development strategy in the Republic of Croatia until 2030, with a view to the year 2050. As part of its obligations under the Regulation on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action (EU 2018/1999), the Republic of Croatia is obliged to develop an Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan and a Long-Term Decarbonisation Strategy. New strategic goals of the Green Plan for Europe, intended to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement and raise global competitiveness of the European economy, set an ambitious goal of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Fulfilling that vision requires a multidisciplinary approach as it does not suffice to reduce emissions from energy, industry, general consumption and transport, but it is necessary to increase removals in agricultural and LULUCF sectors. The paper will describe the development process, the engagement of numerous stakeholders, the methodological approach and the main outcomes. The analyses include detailed modelling in energetics, by economic sectors and natural carbon storage of the LULUCF sector. There are comments on synergistic energy challenges and on maintaining a secure food supply, as well as on sustainable forest management, achieving clean air, use of space and more.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116711970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analiza potencijala za uvođenje sistema pametnih mreža u Bosni i Hercegovini

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee21-3.61i

Jasmina Imamović, Sanda Midžić Kurtagić, Esma Manić

引用次数: 0

Najveći izazovi energetske tranzicije u Srbiji: u srednjem i dugom roku

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee20-1-2.010dj

Petar Đukić, Slaviša Đukanović

{"title":"Najveći izazovi energetske tranzicije u Srbiji: u srednjem i dugom roku","authors":"Petar Đukić, Slaviša Đukanović","doi":"10.46793/eee20-1-2.010dj","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46793/eee20-1-2.010dj","url":null,"abstract":"Serious structural changes in energy sector are expected in the next period. System long-term and fundamental changes we could simply call energy transition. There are two basic reasons for that: the first is caused by global flows influenced by climate changes and strategies, which are more complicated and very demanding; the second reason is situation in the energy sector and economic system in Serbia, especially in the environmental area and natural resources management. The losses and pollution costs, caused by energy sector, make Serbian energy one of the most neglected and the least promising in the region of south-eastern Europe. Serious structural changes in energy sectorare in big delay. Nowadays Serbia wastes the energy, in comparison, not only with more developed countries (OECD and EU) but with comparabl ecountries in the region. Every day Serbian economy and society emit more and more pollutants in environment, and the whole economic system suffers by losses of the energy. Populism as chronic problem of economic and energy policies is the logical consequence of incompetent political party’s management and weak economizing with energy potentials. System depoliticization, technology modernization and strategic greening of the whole energy system of Serbia are expected in the future. Sustainability of the processes in energy is long-term task that start swith gradual and difficult economic steps. More expensive, clearer and socially available energy is something that considers higher income and better life quality, but requires new energy culture of citizens, economy structure and state system.","PeriodicalId":236996,"journal":{"name":"Energija, ekonomija, ekologija","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126554431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Korekcija određivanja položaja regulacione preklopke iz struja i napona primara i sekundara po snimljenim vrednostima pojedinačnog transformatora 根据单台变压器的记录值，从初级和次级的电压和电压中修正调压开关的位置

Energija, ekonomija, ekologija Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46793/eee21-4.78s

S. Spremić, Danko Obradovic

引用次数: 0