Veterinary Research Communications最新文献

{"title":"Mycological and molecular identification of mycoses involved in mastitis from Holstein dairy cattle with special reference to Candida albicans.","authors":"Hayat Fayed, Asmaa A Elgendy, Salma A Shoulah, Samar M Moustafa, Ahmed Maher, Ahmed F Hikal, Ahmed Abdeen, Ekramy Elmorsy, Mohamed E Mohamed, Helal F Hetta, Heba Allah Elbaghdady, Afrina Mustari, Samah F Ibrahim, Ateya M Ibrahim, Marawan A Marawan","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10744-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10744-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, mastitis is an incredibly devastating, multifactorial disease that affects the dairy industry. However, cases of mycotic mastitis in dairy cows have increased in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mycotic mastitis with special reference to Candida albicans in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows from some farms in Menoufia province, Egypt. For the study, 150 milk samples (n = 150, 20 from healthy cows and 130 from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis) were collected from 15 smallholder dairy farms located in three localities (Quesina, Elbagour, and Shibin El-Kom) five farms from each. The samples were subjected to mycological culture and subsequently verified using traditional morphological and biochemical tests to confirm fungal characteristics followed by antimycotic susceptibility testing using Vitec 2 system. Finally, molecular identification was carried out via PCR and phylogenetic analysis. 27 samples out of 130 were positive for fungal culture representing (20.77%). Candida species were recorded the highest percentage (62.96%) of the detected fungi (17/27). In addition, C. albicans was the predominant species (3/27), which corresponds to 11.11%. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the fungal isolates showed the highest susceptibility to micafungin, followed by caspofungin (88.88% and 86.19%, respectively). However, the lowest susceptibility was noted against amphotericin B (50.55%). The three isolates of C. albicans were confirmed by PCR by amplifying the ITS region, which was then sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The sequences have been deposited in GenBank under the following accession numbers: OR97266, OR97267, and OR97268. Our results indicate that Candida spp., especially C. albicans, is one of the major causes of mycotic mastitis in dairy cows in Egypt. Moreover, micafungin might be the efficient medication for treating these cases of mycotic mastitis, followed by caspofungin.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of glutamine supplementation on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity and intestinal morphology of cold-stressed prestarter broiler chicks.","authors":"Juanjuan Wu, Wenxin Qiu, Guiyao Li, Haoneng Guo, Sifa Dai, Guanhong Li","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10756-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10756-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cold stress has important effects on the growth and production of broiler chickens. Glutamine (Gln) is a conditionally essential amino acid that plays an important role in promoting intestinal development and enhancing immune function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Gln supplementation on the growth performance and health of cold-stressed prestarter broiler chicks.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A total of 375 1-day-old male SZ901 broilers were randomly divided into five groups (CON, CS, GLN1, GLN2, GLN3). Birds in the CON and CS groups were provided with normal drinking water, while the GLN1, GLN2 and GLN3 groups were provided with water supplemented with 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.2% Gln, respectively. At d7, birds in groups CS, GLN1, GLN2, and GLN3 were stressed at 12 ± 1 ℃ for 12 h. The results showed that cold stress significantly decreased the growth performance, serum antioxidant capacity and antibody concentrations, small intestine villus structure, and increased the gene expression of intestinal inflammatory factors of broiler chicks compared with the CON group (P < 0.05). Compared with the CS group, Gln supplementation exhibited increased growth performance, serum antioxidant capacity and antibody concentrations, gene expression levels of intestinal tight junction protein, villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C) of small intestine, and decreased mRNA expression level of intestinal inflammatory factors (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gln supplementation ameliorated the impact of cold stress to a large extent as it promoted the development of the intestine and immune system and enhanced the antioxidant enzyme system in cold-stressed prestarter chicks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic and sequence analysis of the co-circulating lineages in the canine distemper virus complexity from Northern Vietnam (2017-2023).","authors":"Huong Thi Thanh Doan, Khue Thi Nguyen, Roan Thi Do, Luu Minh Duc, Pham Van Tiem, Thanh Hoa Le","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10750-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10750-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morbillivirus canis, commonly known as Canine distemper virus (CDV), causes Canine distemper (CD) in carnivore species across the world and spreads via cross-species transmission between domestic and wildlife canids, non-canid carnivores, and omnivores. We report on the Asia-4 lineage of CDV previously documented in Thailand and China, which has emerged for the first time in northern Vietnam since 2017. The phylogenetic analysis of 121 complete nucleotide CDS (coding sequence) of the hemagglutinin (H) gene, including 20 from this study, and 101 reference strains from all 19 lineages of CDVs revealed that the Asia-4 lineage co-circulated with the Asia-1 in Vietnam. The evolutionary distances (ED) or genetic distances between the Vietnamese and typical Asia-4 strains was low, substantially distinguishing them from other lineages. The immunodominant epitopes, host-switching, and glycosylation sites in Asia-4 viruses have several site alterations, providing fair insights into the effectiveness of the America-1-based vaccine. In addition to Thailand, China, Russia, and Mongolia, the Asia-4 lineage has appeared in northern Vietnam. Whether via canine and pet or wild animal trade/border crossing trafficking to Vietnam, remains to be studied. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of CDV molecular epidemiology and the suitable application of lineage-antigenic matching vaccines, as well as the complicated co-circulation of multiple-lineage strains in Vietnam.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of autologous platelet-rich plasma used for treatment of oligozoospermia in dogs on the quality of semen and testicular blood flow.","authors":"Alaa Mohamed, Mohamed Fathi, Ashraf A Shamaa, K H El Shahat","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10734-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10734-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in regenerative medicine, and the current study aimed to investigate the effects of autologous PRP on semen characteristics, testicular blood flow, and testosterone levels in the treatment of oligozoospermia in dogs. Ten stray male dogs diagnosed with oligozoospermia were included in the study. The dogs were randomly assigned to two groups: Group I, the control group (n = 5), which received no treatment, and Group II, the PRP group (n = 5), which received a single intra-testicular injection of 0.5 mL of autologous PRP into each testicle. Testicular hemodynamics, hormonal and biochemical analysis and semen parameters were assessed for both groups and the examination was extended to 8 weeks. The results demonstrated that dogs treated with PRP showed significantly higher values of End Diastolic Velocity (EDV) and Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) (P < 0.001) at the 6^th to 8^th weeks post-injection, compared to baseline (day 0) values. Conversely, the values of Resistance Index (RI) and Pulsatility Index (PI) showed a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in group II from week 2 to week 8. Additionally, PRP treatment led to significant increases in sperm concentration, motility percentage, and the proportion of live and normal spermatozoa (P < 0.001), with maximum values observed at 28 and 60 days post-treatment, compared to day 0. Moreover, serum testosterone and nitric oxide (NO) levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in group II and remained elevated through the 8^th week following injection, compared to baseline values and group I. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that autologous PRP treatment effectively increases sperm concentration, motility, and normal spermatozoa, improves testicular blood flow, and elevates testosterone and NO levels. These findings suggest that PRP may be a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of oligozoospermia in dogs. Further studies are needed to confirm and expand upon these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic susceptibility to sarcoid in Arabian horses: associations with MHC class II and compound MHC class I/KLRA genotypes.","authors":"Leona Vychodilova, Martin Plasil, Jan Futas, Andrea Kopecka, Dobromila Molinkova, Tamara Wijacki, Petr Jahn, Ales Knoll, Petr Horin","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10748-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10748-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) has been repeatedly associated with susceptibility to equine sarcoid, a disease associated with bovine papillomavirus infection, the role of the MHC in the mechanisms of the disease is not fully understood. The objectives of our work were to analyze associations between polymorphic markers of the MHC genomic subregions and of the Natural Killer Complex (NKC) genomic region and the presence of sarcoid in Arabian horses. Microsatellite loci located in the MHC class I, II and III subregions and two MHC class II genes (DRA, DQA1), along with a set of NKC (KLRA, CLEC subregions) microsatelllite markers were genotyped. Fifteen microsatellites of the standard parentage kit, located outside the MHC and NKC regions, were tested as controls. Standard chi-square and Fisher tests with Bonferroni corrections were used for association analyses. Significant associations of MHC class II and MHC class I_KLRA polymorphic markers with the presence of clinical sarcoid were observed. These findings are consistent with biological theory and indicate a role of MHC class I, class II and KLRA molecules in adaptive as well as in innate immune responses to equine sarcoid. Although limited to Arabian horses, these data point to an as yet unadressed hypothesis regarding the possible roles of NK cells in the pathogenesis of equine sarcoid.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular survey of herpesviruses in bats from Chile and Spain reveals potentially novel species.","authors":"Carlos Sacristán, Fernando Esperón, Irene Sacristán, Jordi Serra Cobo, Marc López Roig, Fulgencio Lisón, Javier Millán","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10747-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10747-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bats (order Chiroptera) are known as important hosts and reservoirs for several zoonotic viruses. To this date, most virology studies in bats have focused on RNA viruses; consequently, information about DNA viruses is more limited. Herein we surveyed the presence of herpesviruses in blood or spleen samples of three bat species of Spain (n = 31) and five bat species of Chile (n = 50) by using a broad-spectrum nested PCR. Overall, herpesvirus DNA was detected in 9.7% (3/31) bats of Spain and 10.0% (5/50) bats of Chile. Three gammaherpesvirus sequence types were found in bats from Spain, while sequence types of two betaherpesviruses, two gammaherpesviruses and one unclassified herpesvirus were detected in Chilean bats, two of which could represent novel herpesvirus species. The impact (if any) of these herpesviruses on the health of the studied species needs to be clarified. This study increases our knowledge of herpesvirus diversity in bats and expands their geographic range in South America. Future herpesvirus surveillance studies are warranted to test chiropteran families other than Vespertilionidae and Molossidae in Chile and Spain.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasites and lameness in domestic animals.","authors":"Ibrahim Akin, Ozge Ozcan, Yalcin Alper Ozturan","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10754-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10754-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lameness is a significant welfare issue in domestic animals, and it may also result in productivity losses in farm animals. While traumatic injuries are the primary cause of lameness in animals, parasitic infections may be a potential factor in cases where the underlying cause of lameness remains unclear. Parasites may cause lameness in animals by inflicting extensive pathological damage to various organs and tissues, inducing severe anemia, producing endo- and exotoxins that act on the host, and more. However, the mechanisms by which many parasites induce lameness remain unknown. This review summarizes the literature on parasitic-induced lameness, which is classified as direct or indirect. Direct lameness occurs when parasites damage tissues such as muscles, bones, joints, tendons, and nerves, leading to a loss of function in these structures and subsequent lameness. Neurotoxins produced by some parasites may also cause coordination disorders, paralysis, and lameness in animals. Indirect lameness is caused by Égaré parasites-misplaced parasites that reside in tissues unrelated to their typical target location. These parasites may be found in the central nervous system, muscles, nerves, tendons, interdigital region, or femoral artery. Some endoparasites may cause tissue damage during migration, while others may induce lameness by affecting the circulatory system through blood parasites.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemodynamic effects in dogs anesthetized with the combination tiletamine-zolazepam-ketamine-xylazine.","authors":"Rafael Colomé Beck, Eduardo Raposo Monteiro, Débora Tomazeli, José Ricardo Herrera Becerra, João Victor Barbieri Ferronatto, Anderson Luiz de Carvalho, Marcelo Meller Alievi","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10751-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10751-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This was a prospective, experimental study, that evaluated the hemodynamic effects in dogs administered the combination tiletamine-zolazepam-ketamine-xylazine (TKX). Six healthy, adult dogs, with an average weight of 13.9 ± 1.3 kg, were anesthetized with propofol and sevoflurane for placement of an arterial and a thermodilution catheter. After instrumentation, sevoflurane was discontinued and approximately 60 min were allowed before baseline data was recorded. Dogs were then administered TKX at a dosage of 0.032 mL/kg, corresponding to 1.6 mg/kg of tiletamine, 1.6 mg/kg of zolazepam, 2.56 mg/kg of ketamine and 0.64 mg/kg of xylazine. Assessments were repeated at 15, 30 and 45 min after TKX administration (T15, T30 and T45). Comparisons between T15-T45 and the baseline were performed by one-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett's test or a Friedman's test followed by a Dunn's test (p < 0.05). Administration of TKX decreased heart rate (27-43%), cardiac index (48-55%), stroke index (21-28%), oxygen delivery index (49-56%) and oxygen consumption index (41-44%), and increased mean arterial pressure (26-43%), systemic vascular resistance index (211-234%) and oxygen extraction ratio (17-28%). Respiratory rate decreased by as much as 41% without significantly affecting blood gases. It was concluded that TKX administration resulted in cardiovascular depression in dogs, characterized by decreased heart rate, cardiac index and oxygen delivery index. Despite respiratory rate decreased, blood gases were unchanged. These cardiorespiratory effects were well tolerated by healthy dogs. Nonetheless, the findings of this study should not be extrapolated to dogs with compromised health conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of a sheep abortion caused by atypical genotype of Toxoplasma gondii in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.","authors":"Ícaro Guilherme Dos Santos, Marlon Ribeiro, João Paulo da Silva Cavasani, Luana Dias O Nascimento, Bernardo Nassau de Souza, Rafaela Mallmann-Bohn, Fábio Bernardo Schein, João Fabio Soares, Beatriz Souza Lima Nino, João Luis Garcia, Daniel Felipe Barrantes Murillo, Tatiane Terumi Negrão Watanabe, Daniel Moura de Aguiar, Caroline Argenta Pescador","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10745-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10745-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxoplasma gondii is one of the major causes of abortion in sheep in many countries. We report an episode of a novel atypical genotype of T. gondii-associated abortion in a sheep flock belonging to the Veterinary School Hospital of the University of Cuiabá located in Midwestern Brazil. The group of animals was comprised of 15 adult sheep, and one abortion was detected in a gestating ewe. T. gondii indirect immunofluorescence assay performed in serum samples yielded an antibody titer of 1:8192 in the affected dam indicating an acute phase of infection. The aborted fetus and placenta were submitted for necropsy. The only significant gross findings were the placental cotyledons with white foci. Microscopic findings included multifocal necrotizing encephalitis with intralesional protozoal cysts in the fetus's brain and moderate multifocal lymphoplasmacytic necrotizing placentitis. Tissue samples of the fetus and placenta had a positive PCR result for T. gondii. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) genotyping using markers (SAG1, 5'-SAG2, 3'-SAG2, Alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and APICO) was carried out and the results were consistent with an atypical genotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of points for regional anesthesia of the trigeminal nerve and its branches in red pandas (Ailurus fulgens fulgens).","authors":"Jan Bold, Anna Pachana, Wojciech Paszta, Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk, Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10746-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10746-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary goal of regional anesthesia in exotic animals is to alleviate postoperative pain. It also enables a painless surgery and stands a safer option for surgeries than general anesthesia. Due to the varying anatomy of the head among different species of exotic mammals, anesthesia techniques can differ significantly. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the topography of each species individually. This study describes the location of the cranial foramina associated with the trigeminal nerve, the topography of the surrounding bony structures (Table 1) and soft tissues in three red pandas (Ailurus fulgens fulgens) from the Wrocław Zoological Garden (Poland). It also presents techniques for anesthetizing nerves that pass through these foramina to alleviate postoperative pain after head surgeries as well as dental and orofacial procedures. The procedures described in this study were modified from known veterinary anesthesia techniques for cranial nerves in other animals. The results demonstrated variations in injection methods due to differences in the topography of the cranial foramina of the red panda.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}