Veterinary Research Communications最新文献

{"title":"Late-phase depolarization and repolarization abnormalities in english bulldogs with phenotypic expression of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Mara Bagardi, Manuela Perego, Fabio M Colombo, Alessandra Maffei, Paola G Brambilla, Michele Polli, Giorgio Camozzini, Roberto A Santilli","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10800-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10800-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In humans with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) late-phase depolarization and repolarization abnormalities, such as epsilon (ɛ) waves and T wave inversion (TWI), are commonly observed in right precordial leads (V1-V3). This myocardial disorder has also been described in Boxer and English bulldogs (EBs), but data on electrocardiographic alterations in these breeds are lacking. The objective of this study was to describe electrocardiographic abnormalities in EBs with ACM, comparing QRS complexes and T waves with ≤ 5-year-old EBs without phenotypic expression of the disease. This is a retrospective study including 59 EBs (37 with ACM-ACM group and 22 healthy-healthy group). Standard echocardiographic, and 12-lead electrocardiogram data were retrospectively analyzed. In all leads QRS complex, R-peak time (RPT), and R peak-end time (RPE) were evaluated. Terminal activation duration (TAD), TWI, and presence of ɛ wave, defined as a positive small spike wave in right limb (aVR) and right precordial (V1) leads, were evaluated and compared with echocardiographic measurements. Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy group showed wider QRS complexes in all leads due to longer RPE (P < 0.05). The TAD in lead V1 was longer in ACM group (P < 0.001). The TWI and ɛ wave in ACM group were respectively present in 19% and 32%. Prolonged QRS complex and RPE in duration V1, the ɛ wave in lead aVR and V1, TWI and prolonged TAD in V1 were correlated with echocardiographic parameters defining right ventricular systolic function (P < 0.05). The presence of fragmented QRS complexes in limb and precordial leads, the prolongation of the RPE, the prolongation of TAD in V1, the presence of ɛ wave, can all be considered electrocardiographic features associated with ACM in EBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in urine of dogs rescued from Southern Brazil floods.","authors":"Maria Eduarda Rocha Jacques da Silva, Gabriela Merker Breyer, Tainara Soares Weyh, Silvia Dias de Oliveira, Franciele Maboni Siqueira","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10796-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10796-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria has emerged as an important issue in public health. Additionally, climate change increases the risk of bacterial infections and pathogens dissemination, posing a serious challenge to public health. Among these threats, the emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are of particular concern, given the limited therapeutic options and high mortality rates associated with these bacterial infections. This study investigated the presence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in the urine samples of 192 dogs rescued from the 2024 floods in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Among this, 18 dogs (9%, 18/192) harbored 31 Gram-negative bacteria with potential resistance to carbapenems, which were further identified based on MALDI-TOF/MS and partial 16S-rDNA gene sequencing. Most strains belonged to the genera Pseudomonas (39%, 12/31) followed by Stenotrophomonas (19%, 6/31), with the remaining 42% (13/31) being distributed across other genera. Confirmation of carbapenem resistance was performed using the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of meropenem. This test identified six strains (19%, 6/31) resistant to meropenem, with concentrations ranging from 8 μg/mL to > 128 μg/mL, including three Pseudomonas spp. (8 μg/mL) and three Stenotrophomonas spp. (128 μg/mL). As Stenotrophomonas spp. are potentially intrinsically resistant to meropenem, a phylogenetic analysis based on partial 16S-rDNA gene was conducted only for the three meropenem-resistant Pseudomonas strains. The phylogenetic tree revealed two distinct clades, with two strains clustering with high similarity to P. aeruginosa and one strain with P. huaxiensis. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring antimicrobial resistance, particularly during climate-related disasters, which may facilitate the dissemination of resistant strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, blood biochemistry, intestinal histomorphometry, and disease resistance in Oreochromis niloticus fed diets containing Nectandra grandiflora essential oil.","authors":"Fabio Aremil Costa Dos Santos, André de Sena Souza, Felipe Soares Batista, Julio Gustavo Soares da Costa, Gisele Cristina Favero, Bernardo Baldisserotto, Sílvio Teixeira da Costa, Isabela Maraschin Vieira, Berta Maria Heinzmann, Nadia Helena Bianchini, Peter Charrie Janampa Sarmiento, Guilherme Campos Tavares, Henrique César Pereira Figueiredo, Ronald Kennedy Luz","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10795-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10795-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of dietary inclusion of the essential oil of Nectandra grandiflora (EONG) on the growth performance, blood biochemistry, intestinal histomorphometry, and Streptococcus agalactiae infection resistance of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus. This is the first study to report the use of EONG as a feed additive for this species in a recirculating aquaculture system. A total of 224 juveniles were distributed in a completely randomized design and fed diets containing 0.0 (control), 0.5, 0.75, and 1.5 mL EONG kg feed⁻¹ for 30 days. Final weight (p < 0.05) and daily weight gain (p < 0.05) were highest at 0.829 and 0.933 mL EONG kg⁻¹, respectively. Daily feed intake (p < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05) were lowest at 0.875 and 0.926 mL EONG kg⁻¹, respectively. After 30 days, survival for 0.75 mL EONG kg feed⁻¹ was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that for the control. Plasma glucose levels decreased (p 0.05) with 1.5 mL EONG kg feed⁻¹. Triglycerides, cholesterol, and total protein were lower (p 0.05) in all EONG-supplemented groups. Central hepatic vein area (p < 0.05) and intestinal villus width (p < 0.05) were greater at 1.5 mL EONG kg feed⁻¹. Only dietary supplementation with 0.75 mL EONG kg feed⁻¹ was able to significantly reduce mortality caused by S. agalactiae, demonstrating its increased protective efficacy. Additionally, post-challenge bacterial recovery was lower for 0.5 and 0.75 mL EONG kg feed⁻¹. Supplementation with 0.75 mL EONG kg feed⁻¹ was the most effective dose as it resulted in improved growth, survival, and protection against S. agalactiae.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of the difference in hounsfield units of an electron density phantom between a conventional and standing computed tomography machine.","authors":"Catherine Beck, Ashleigh V Morrice-West, Peter Muir, Peta L Hitchens, R Christopher Whitton","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10789-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10789-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In human CT imaging, opportunistic calculation of bone mineral density (BMD) is used to screen for osteoporosis, where BMD is estimated by Hounsfield Units (HU). There is potential to use HU for estimation of BMD in veterinary imaging. However, HU values can vary between different machines and over time. We undertook a serial measurements study to determine (1) the extent of the difference of the mean HU and noise (HU standard deviation) of eight regions of interest (ROI) of an electron density phantom scanned on two CT machines, a Siemens CT (conventional) machine and the Equina by Asto CT (standing) machine; and (2) to determine if the HU values obtained on each machine differed over time. The mean HU from 30 scans of an electron density phantom were generated from each of the two CT machines (N = 60; conventional and standing). Differences between machines were assessed using a linear mixed effects model. The mean HU of each positive value ROI from the conventional machine was decreased compared with the standing machine (P < 0.001) and the difference was greatest for the denser phantom inserts. A calibration curve equation utilising the four bone-equivalent insert plugs of the phantom, with known calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) concentration, was generated using linear regression to represent CaHA, and therefore BMD, for the conventional machine (CaHA = -29.58 + 0.98xROI_mean) and the standing machine (CaHA = -54.53 + 0.95xROI_mean). For opportunistic calculation of BMD from HU in horses, the differences in HU observed between different CT machines warrants calibration of HU using a bone equivalent phantom.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular survey of Anaplasmataceae agents, piroplasmids and haemosporidians in seabirds (Procellariiformes and Sphenisciformes) rescued on the Brazilian coast.","authors":"Dália Monique Ribeiro Machado, Daniel Antônio Braga Lee, Lorena Freitas das Neves, Carolina Pacheco Bertozzi, Vanessa Lanes Ribeiro, Alice Pereira, Giovana Almeida Reis, Jovêncio Mateus Sada, João Vitor Dos Santos Alves da Silva, Anna Claudia Baumel Mongruel, Amir Salvador Alabí Córdova, Rosangela Zacarias Machado, Luis Antonio Mathias, Marcos Rogério André","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10793-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10793-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular identity of piroplasmids, haemosporidians and Anaplasmataceae agents in Procelariiformes birds and Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) rescued in different coastal regions of Brazil. Between 2015 and 2022, blood samples (n = 52) from twelve species of Procelariiformes and spleen (n = 170) and blood samples (n = 30) from Magellanic penguins were collected in the coasts of Santa Catarina and São Paulo states, southern and southeastern Brazil, respectively. After DNA extraction, samples positive in a PCR for the avian endogenous β-actin gene were subjected to further PCR assays aiming to detect and molecularly characterize piroplasmids (18S rRNA), haemosporidians (cytochrome B) and Anaplasmataceae agents (16S rRNA, dsb, groEL, gltA, sodB, omp-1, msp-4, msp-5 genes and 23S-5S rRNA intergenic region). As a result, 13/252 (5.1%) samples of S. magellanicus (blood = 10/170 (5.8%) and spleen = 3/30 (10%)) were positive for Anaplasma spp. in a nested-PCR based on the 16S rRNA gene. Two sequences obtained from spleen samples were phylogenetically related to A. phagocytophilum and clustered with Anaplasma sp. sequences previously detected in birds and A. phagocytophilum previously detected in ticks. All samples were negative for haemospordians and piroplasmids. In conclusion, Anaplasma genotypes, closely related to A. phagocytophilum, circulate in penguins that arrive in the Brazilian coast, while haemosporidian and piroplasmids infections do not seem to be prevalent vector-borne protozoa in seabirds.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and control strategies for foot-and-mouth disease in livestock and wildlife in Uganda: systematic review.","authors":"Benedicto Byamukama, Asfor Amin, Frank Nobert Mwiine, Abel Bulamu Ekiri","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10791-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10791-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) remains a persistent threat to the livestock sector in Uganda and globally. To understand the reasons for continued FMD outbreaks in Uganda, a systematic review was conducted to examine FMD epidemiology, control strategies, and related challenges. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for the period 1958-2022, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Additionally, FMD reports for the same period were retrieved from the World Reference Laboratories for FMD and the World Organization for Animal Health/Food and Agriculture Organization FMD Laboratories Network websites. A total of 62 documents (26 studies and 36 reports) were eligible for analysis. Results showed that Uganda experienced 17 to 37 FMD outbreaks annually. Most of the studies focused on cattle (n = 20), with few targeting African buffalo (n = 3) and small ruminants (n = 2). The reports revealed that serotype O was the most isolated, followed by A, SAT 1, SAT 2, and SAT 3. FMD clustering was observed near international borders with Kenya and Tanzania and around Queen Elizabeth National Park. Identified risk factors included dry season, animal movements, proximity to borders, and pastoralism. The key control challenges included limited diagnostic capacity, FMD virus diversity, vaccine mismatch, and low vaccination coverage. The findings highlight the need for enhanced FMD monitoring, surveillance, and control strategies that consider circulating serotypes and topotypes, and improvement in vaccination coverage and strengthening of diagnostic capacity. Further research is needed to address the epidemiology of FMD in understudied species, including small ruminants, swine, and wildlife.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bat-associated coronavirus found in pigs in the Iberian Peninsula: insights into potential cross-species transmission.","authors":"Sérgio Santos-Silva, Andreia V S Cruz, João R Mesquita","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10794-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10794-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a diverse group of RNA viruses that affect both human and animal health. Swine populations are particularly relevant in the ecology of CoVs, acting as potential intermediate hosts for zoonotic transmission. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of CoVs in farmed pigs in Portugal and Spain. A total of 400 fecal samples were collected from pigs in northern Portugal and northern Spain and screened using a broad-spectrum pan-CoV nested RT-PCR assay. Of these, 18 samples (4.5%) tested positive for CoV, and phylogenetic analyses confirmed their classification within the Alphacoronavirus genus. The detected sequences shared high nucleotide identity with bat-associated Alphacoronaviruses from Portugal, Spain, Italy, and the United Kingdom, emphasizing the importance of continued research on the role of bats in the transmission cycle and the zoonotic potential of Alphacoronaviruses. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance in swine populations to monitor emerging CoV strains and assess potential zoonotic risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic isosporosis in three species of passerine birds.","authors":"Camila Issa Amaral, Ayisa Rodrigues de Oliveira, Eric Santos Oliveira, Marcelo Coelho Lopes, Maira Dos Santos Carneiro Lacerda, Marcelo Pires Nogueira de Carvalho, Roselene Ecco","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10785-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10785-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic isoporosis (atoxoplasmosis) is a disease caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Isospora, with systemic distribution due to an extraintestinal part of the cycle. In this report we described the gross and histological lesions of systemic isosporosis in 15 passeriform birds from three different species: Sporophila maximiliani (great-billed seed finch), Serinus canaria (island canary), and Saltator similis (green-winged saltator), all captive birds originating from different properties in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Between 2017 and 2022, 15 passerines were sent to the Veterinary School of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais for post mortem examination, as well as fixed tissue samples for histopathological analysis. Histologically, the lamina propria of the small intestine in 13 out of 15 birds showed marked histiocytic and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates with rare heterophils. Merozoites compatible with Isospora spp. were observed within the cytoplasm of macrophages and extracellularly. Inflamathory infiltrates associated with merozoites were also seen in different organs like liver (9/15), lungs (4/15), heart (3/15), spleen (1/15), and skeletal muscle (1/15). To further characterize the pathogen, DNA was extracted from frozen tissues of one bird (Saltator similis), and 23 S large subunit ribosomal RNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) genes were amplified and sequenced. Systemic isosporosis affects various passerine species; however, this is the first report in Sporophila maximiliani. This study enabled the characterization and description of the histological lesions associated with systemic isosporosis in this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulatory effects of Portulaca oleracea-Enriched diets against waterborne Cadmium-Induced hepatotoxicity in nile Tilapia fingerlings: involvement of oxidative stress and Inflammation-Related gene regulation.","authors":"Nawal Alsubaie, Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim, Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed, Mohamed M M Metwally, Tarek Khamis, Areej A Eskandrani, Ahmed Abdulwahab Bawahab, Badriyah S Alotaibi, Rowida E Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10779-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10779-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium (Cd²⁺) contamination severely threatens aquatic organisms, leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, and hepatotoxicity. Portulaca oleracea is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; yet, its defensive role against Cd²⁺-induced hepatotoxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is still unclear. The current study evaluated the possible hepatoprotective effects of purslane leaf powder (PR) against Cd²⁺-induced liver damage and its mechanisms. A hepatotoxicity model was established by exposing tilapia to Cd²⁺ (50 µg/L) for 60 days, with and without PR supplementation (10 g PR/kg diet). Histopathological analysis, biochemical assays, and real-time quantitative PCR were done to assess liver tissue damage, oxidative stress markers, lipid profile, and inflammatory gene expression. Results showed that Cd²⁺ exposure induced severe hepatic alterations, including glycogen depletion, steatosis, necrosis, and inflammatory infiltration, along with increased liver indices and obvious dyslipidemia. PR supplementation significantly alleviated these changes by reducing oxidative stress, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, upregulating antioxidant genes (sod-1, sod-2, cat, gpx, and cyp1a), and downregulating inflammatory markers (mapk1, nf-κb, il1β, il6, il8, and tnf-α). Additionally, PR improved lipid profile and liver morphology, and reduced hepatocyte damage compared to the Cd²⁺-exposed group. In conclusion, PRP mitigates Cd²⁺-induced hepatotoxicity in Nile tilapia by enhancing antioxidant defenses and reducing inflammation, suggesting its potential as a dietary supplement to counteract heavy metal toxicity in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel killed oil adjuvanted bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccine protects from viremia and clinical manifestations: an immune response and challenge study in cattle.","authors":"Berfin Ertürk, Gizem Aytoğu, Kadir Yeşilbağ","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10792-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10792-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine viral diarrhea virus continues to threaten animal health with serious economic losses worldwide. Various killed, live-modified, or recombinant vaccine strategies are being developed for protection and control against this virus. The most important thing discovered is the choice of local and widespread strains in the vaccine content. In this study, the effectiveness of a Montanide^® ISA 206 adjuvanted killed trivalent vaccine containing endemic local strains (TR-21 [BVDV-1l], TR-26 [BVDV-1f], and TR-15 [BVDV-2b]) isolated from Türkiye, was evaluated with a cattle challenge study. Experimental groups were designed as single dose vaccination (Group-I, n:11), two dose vaccination (Group-II, n:11), and unvaccinated (Group-III, n:6) with male calves aged about 6 months. Following the immunization, challenge virus (TR-72 [BVDV-1l], TCID₅₀ 10^6.5) was given intranasally to each group (5 animals in Group-I and II and 4 animals in Group-III), and clinical findings, hematological changes, virus shedding, side effects, and viremia were monitored for 14 days after inoculation. Serological monitoring of the remaining animals against homologous and heterologous strains was carried out at one-month intervals between the 21st and 201st days after the first vaccination. The obtained results showed that the viremia, hematological changes, and clinical findings shown in unvaccinated animals (Group-III) were significantly suppressed (p < 0.05) in the vaccinated groups (Group-I and II). In addition, it was found that serologically monitored animals maintained protective neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers ≥ 8 log₂ for vaccinal and also for all reference BVDV-1 strains, which is more than three-fold protective antibody response, lasting more than 7 months after the first vaccination, whether in single or two dose application. The rise of nAbs was also detected for heterogous BVDV strains. The detected nAb titers were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the two dose vaccination group. Based on the results, it was concluded that this trivalent- inactivated vaccine candidate can protect cattle against acute BVDV infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}