Veterinary Research Communications最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the endectocide efficacy of a pour-on topical solution containing fluazuron, fipronil and eprinomectin in cattle.","authors":"Daniel Pacheco de Melo, Carolina Buzzulini, Gustavo Felippelli, Lucas Vinícius Costa Gomes, Laís Aparecida Torres, Pedro Vale Moreira, Gabriele Zaine Teixeira Debortoli, Thaís Rabelo Dos Santos-Doni, Alvimar José da Costa","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10710-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10710-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new formulation composed of the chemical active ingredients benzoylphenylurea, phenylpyrazole and macrocyclic lactone, which have different mechanisms of action on the most important parasites, such as R. microplus, H. irritans, D. hominis larvae, C. hominivorax larvae and nematodes. The six experiments were conducted in Formiga (Bananal and Bela Vista farms) in the Center-West region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This study introduces a new topical formulation containing 3.0% Fluazuron, 1.25% Fipronil, and 0.5% Eprinomectin, which has demonstrated high efficacy against R. microplus in both natural (97%) and experimental (95%) infestations. Additionally, the formulation was effective as a larvicide against D. hominis (98%) and C. hominivorax (100%), as well as against H. irritans (98%) and as an anthelmintic (97%). Its broad-spectrum activity and prolonged efficacy make it a tool for managing parasitic infestations in cattle. However, the potential for resistance development and the need for strategic application highlight the importance of integrated control programs that combine chemical and nonchemical approaches to ensure sustainable parasite management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typing of hemotropic Mycoplasma in Egyptian cats: first detection and phylogenetic analysis of Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis.","authors":"Mahmoud S Safwat, Noha M Bakry, Amany D Bahr, Ahmed Orabi, Asmaa A Rayan, Ghada M Khalil, Salma W Abdelhaleem, Omnia H Refaei","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10693-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10693-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm), and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMt) are the major feline hemotropic Mycoplasma (FHM) species identified in cats worldwide. Data concerning FHM in Egypt is limited; therefore, the current study aimed to gain further insights into disease epidemiology by investigating FHM molecular prevalence, risk factors, and hemogram abnormalities in 246 Egyptian cats (shelter-housed and client-owned) during 2022-2024. Additionally, 16 S rRNA gene-based maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis was performed for all CMt-positive samples for the first time in Egypt. FHM was detected in 16.3% (n = 40) of cats and typed as CMhm, Mhf, and CMt in 15.4% (n = 38), 3.6% (n = 9), and 2.4% (n = 6) of cats, respectively. Single CMhm and Mhf infections were detected in 12.6% (n = 31) and 0.8% (n = 2) of cats, respectively. Dual (Mhf and CMhm) and triple (Mhf, CMhm, and CMt) infections were found in 0.4% (n = 1) and 2.4% (n = 6) of cats, respectively. CMhm was significantly associated with single infections rather than coinfections compared to other FHM species. Male sex and anemia were identified as predictors of FHM PCR positivity. FHM-infected cats had significantly lower hematocrit %, RBC counts, and hemoglobin concentrations than non-infected ones. Egyptian CMt sequences showed 97.6-100% nucleotide identity with each other. Egyptian and reference CMt strains represented nine nucleotide sequence types clustered into three well-supported clades on the ML tree without clear geographic distinction. The data generated in this study, conducted in Egypt, is crucial for enhancing our understanding of disease epidemiology and implementing effective preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective study of injectable versus inhalation anesthesia for umbilical surgery in Japanese black calves.","authors":"Shogo Sato, Chihiro Kanno, Riku Ueda, Yosuke Maeda, Fumiaki Takahashi","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10711-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10711-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Umbilical diseases are associated with a decreased market value and increased mortality in calves, and laparotomy is often performed in the field. This retrospective study compared the effects of inhalation anesthesia (INH) and injection anesthesia (INJ) during the perioperative period. We analyzed the medical records of 57 Japanese black calves that underwent laparotomy for umbilical diseases (umbilical hernia and/or umbilical cord disease) between January 2017 and December 2023. The INH group (n = 38) received continuous isoflurane inhalation with pure oxygen as a carrier gas, while the INJ group (n = 19) received only injectable anesthesia (xylazine hydrochloride and pentobarbital sodium). We investigated sex, age at first examination, diagnosis, anesthetic method, anesthetic drugs and dosages, number of rescue doses, hospital stay duration, operation time, and prognosis. The number of rescue doses was defined as the number of times sedatives or analgesics (xylazine hydrochloride, pentobarbital sodium, and butorphanol tartrate) were injected during laparotomy. There were no differences in age at first examination (p = 0.8656) and hospital stay duration (p = 0.4646) between the groups. The INJ group required significantly more rescue doses (p < 0.0001) and had longer operation times (p = 0.0643) compared to the INH group. Postoperative prognosis was not significantly different between groups (p = 0.7026). Overall, INJ required multiple rescue doses, but the difference in the method of general anesthesia did not affect the hospital stay duration or prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alleviation of glyphosate-induced toxicity by Horseradish tree (Moringa oleifera) Leaf extract and phytase in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) highlighting the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.","authors":"Esraa A Elahwl, Doaa H Assar, Ibrahim I Al-Hawary, Abdallah S Salah, Amany E Ragab, Ahmed Elsheshtawy, Mona Assas, Haitham G Abo-Al-Ela, Alamira Marzouk Fouad, Zizy I Elbialy","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10672-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10672-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The danger posed by waterborne toxicity from herbicides endangers the aquatic ecosystem. Using dietary medicinal herbs is a useful approach to mitigate the effects of herbicide toxicity on aquatic animals. This study attempts to examine the consequences and potential mechanisms behind the dietary addition of horseradish tree (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract (MOLE) with the help of phytase addition to check the overall growth performance, biochemical changes, histological alteration, and gene expression in normal and after glyphosate challenge in Nile tilapia. A total number of 135 Nile tilapia fish (7.93 ± 0.03 g) were randomly assigned into three groups each in triplicate. The first group is the control group and fed basal diet; the second group supplied with MOLE (200 mg of extract/kg), and the third group was supplied with MOLE (200 mg /kg), and phytase (0.2g/ kg) for 8 weeks. After the feeding trial, each experimental group was divided into two subgroups to be unchallenged and challenged with glyphosate (30 mg/L of water). The results declared significant enhancements (P < 0.05) in Weight Gain Percent (WG%), Specific growth rate (SGR), and Protein efficiency ratio (PER) and reducing feed conversion ratio (FCR) with up-regulating hepatic gh, igf1,myogenine, intestinal ghrelin and NPY in fish groups fed MOLE and phytase compared with the control group. Moreover, improving the hepatic antioxidant capacity while down-regulating hepatic igf1bp, myostatin. Interstingly, MOLE and phytase lightened glyphosate-induced biochemical alterations, antioxidants, apoptosis, and inflammation-associated genes compared to the glyphosate-challenged group. Interestingly, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis recognized 16 compounds encompasing two glucosinolates, three flavonoids, one phenolic and three alkaloids in addition to four fatty acids, a terpenoid, one phytate and an aromatic glycoside. These components might be accountable for the potential effects exerted by MOLE. Therefore, the current study suggests that dietary supplementation to MOLE and phytase can be used as substitute feed supplements in sustainable farming of Nile tilapia to defend against glyphosate challenges and enhance growth, antioxidant capacity, exerting anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects under normal health conditions or post glyphosate challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in diagnostic methods and vaccines for lumpy skin disease virus: a path towards understanding the disease.","authors":"Tarek Korany Farag, Hala A A Abou-Zeina, Sobhy Abdel-Shafy, Ahmad M Allam, Alaa A Ghazy","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10667-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10667-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is caused by Lumpy Skin disease virus (LSDV) belonging to the genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV). The disease is widespread in Africa, the Middle East and Asia and has been present in Egypt since 1988. LSD is mainly transmitted by blood-sucking insects. LSD is clinically distinguished by a high fever, skin nodules, and swollen Lymph nodes. Detecting sub-clinical disease can be challenging however, prompt laboratory investigations are vital. Skin lesions are the main source of infection, although the virus is shed through many excretions and discharges including semen. Disease confirmation in clinical laboratories includes detection of viral nucleic acid, antigen and antibody levels. Simple, adaptable, and quick assays for detecting LSDV are required for control measures. Vaccination, together with controlled quarantine and vector control measures, may be beneficial for preventing disease spread. Presently, a range of live attenuated vaccines, have been used in the field with different levels of protection and side effects. With high levels of vaccination coverage, attenuated Neethling vaccines have successfully eradicated of LSDV in Europe. Inactivated LSDV vaccines have also been demonstrated effective in experimental infections. Furthermore, due to its large genome, LSDV is being exploited as a vaccine delivery element, generating an innovative composite with additional viral genes by DNA recombination. Vaccines developed on this basis have the potential to prevent a wide range of diseases and have been demonstrated to be effective in experimental settings. In this review, we emphasizethe advances in diagnostic methods and vaccines developed last decade, thereby providing a basis for future research into various aspects of LSDV and providing information for possibility of disease elimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of ozone during incubation period: hatchability, chick quality and organ growth, bacterial load of feces, and first-week performance in broilers.","authors":"Bilgehan Yılmaz Dikmen, Arda Sözcü, Aydın İpek","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10702-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10702-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was aimed to investigate the effects of ozone (O₃) treatment during incubation period (IP) on hatchability, hatch window, chick quality and organ growth, bacterial load of feces and first-week growth performance in broilers. A total of 240 hatching eggs were weighed and randomly divided into control group (O₃-IP (-)) and O₃ treatment (O₃-IP (+)). A commercial O₃ generator was placed into the setter and O₃ treatment (at the level of 0.050 ppm) was applied during 1 min per hour in a cyclic period of 3 days during the 18-day incubation period. The egg weight loss between 1 and 18 days ranged with values 8.59% in O₃-IP (-) and 10.63% in O₃-IP (+) group. The pipping time and incubation length was determined as 500.67 h and 527.33 h in O₃-IP (-) and 489.67 h and 518.33 h in O₃-IP (+) respectively. The yolk sac weight was found to be higher in the O₃-IP (-) group compared to the O₃-IP (+). In conclusion, O₃ treatment during incubation period seems to be cause an acceleration for pipping time and shortening of total incubation period, unsteady effects for chick growth and quality, inhibitory effect for bacterial growth in feces.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomopathological characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma in a jaguar (Panthera onca).","authors":"Fernanda Barthelson Carvalho de Moura, Luíz Guilherme Dercore Benevenuto, Noeme Sousa Rocha, Didier Quevedo Cagnini","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10708-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10708-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 21-year-old jaguar (Panthera onca) with a low body score, pale ocular mucosa, severe dehydration, and decubitus eschar was referred to our veterinary hospital. The patient died and underwent a postmortem examination to establish a diagnosis. Macroscopic evaluation revealed a reddish-black, well-defined, focally extensive mass measuring 12 cm in diameter on the visceral surface involving the left lateral lobe of the liver. The mass was surrounded by a capsule and exhibited diffuse hemorrhage, cystic areas, infiltrative zones on cross-section, and areas of morphologically compatible fatty liver degeneration. The primary differential diagnoses included adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma. Microscopic analysis showed malignant hepatocytes forming irregular trabeculae of two or more cells, with vascular spaces between them, rudimentary acini, and neoplastic cell aggregates scattered throughout the parenchyma. Additional findings included coagulative necrosis, macrophage infiltration, hepatocyte cord formation, moderate pleomorphism, anisokaryosis, and the presence of discrete binucleated and multinucleated cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of hepatocellular carcinoma in a jaguar. This information may aid veterinary pathologists in reporting hepatic alterations and characterizing anatomopathological findings in jaguars, representing a valuable contribution to the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of Bartonella in bats and their ectoparasites, Spinturnix myoti, from central and Western Yunnan Province, China.","authors":"Xiaoyan Zheng, Xianzheng Zhang, Yifan Deng, Ying Li, Yiru Gu, Xiaobin Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10704-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10704-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bartonella, a facultative intracellular pathogen, is known for causing zoonotic diseases and has been detected in a variety of mammals and arthropods. Previous research has highlighted bats as natural reservoirs for Bartonella, with bat ectoparasites acting as vectors for transmission. Moreover, studies have indicated a positive correlation between the prevalence of ectoparasites and Bartonella infection levels. However, research on Bartonella carried by bats and their ectoparasites in China is limited. In this study, we captured bats at three sites in Yunnan Province, China, and collected their ectoparasites. Using conventional PCR, we screened for Bartonella by targeting three gene fragments: the RNA polymerase subunit gene (rpoB), citrate synthase (gltA), and cell division protein (ftsZ). Further phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses indicated the presence of identical Bartonella strains in bats and their ectoparasitic mites, suggesting the high risk of bat hosts and the potential of their ectoparasites as vectors for pathogen transmission. Despite this, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance and transmission of Bartonella within bat and ectoparasite populations, as well as the process of spillover to humans, remain poorly understood. This underscores the need for further in-depth experimental studies on mammals and their ectoparasites.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and comparison of EvaGreen- and TaqMan-based real-time qRT-PCR for diagnosis of the black queen cell virus in the honey bees.","authors":"Mustafa Emin Oz, Oguzhan Avci","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10706-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10706-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The black queen cell virus (BQCV) is a common agent that causes covert infection in hives and has a global distribution. In this study, TaqMan probe and EvaGreen (EG) dye-based real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays based on the amplification of coding senquences for the BQCV structural protein (SP) and the non-structural protein (NSP) were developed and validated for the detection of BQCV in adult bee and larvae/pupae. Additionally, the performances of commonly used EG and TaqMan chemicals for real-time qRT-PCR analyses were compared. The operating range for BQCV-SP TaqMan and EG real-time qRT-PCRs ranged 2.61-7.61 log₁₀ RNA copies/reaction and 2.61-7.79 log₁₀ RNA copies/reaction, respectively. The operating range for BQCV-NSP TaqMan and EG real-time qRT-PCRs ranged 6.83-11.83 log₁₀ RNA copies/reaction and 6.98-11.98 log₁₀ RNA copies/reaction, respectively. Based on these novel assays, the prevalence of BQCV in adult bees and larvae/pupae was 84% (88/105) and 44% (46/105), respectively. BQCV viral load was also within the operating range determined during assay validation. Comparable results were obtained in analytical and diagnostic performance analyses of the EG dye and TaqMan probe chemicals. Highly sensitive and analytically specific for the detection of BQCV, these real-time qRT-PCR assays will benefit the etiological and epidemiological studies of BQCV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The first report of gastro-thoracoschisis in a puppy born to a pomeranian bitch afflicted with dystocia.","authors":"Emadeddin Mobedi, Hamid Ghasemzadeh-Nava, Sara Shokrpoor, Massoud Talebkhan Garoussi, Vahid Akbarinejad, Ali Shojaei, Hassan Zaheri-Abdehvand","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10681-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10681-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 1.5-year-old primiparous Pomeranian bitch was referred with abdominal discomfort and clinical signs of parturition. Fetal membranes were hanging from vulva, yet no evident progress in parturition was observed. Following medical treatment of the bitch with calcium and oxytocin, the first puppy was born, which had protruding viscera. The abnormal puppy was diagnosed with gastro-thoracoschisis as it has a thoracoabdominal cleft from sternum to pubis, but without skeletal abnormalities. Further, it was revealed that there were some histopathological lesions in the liver and lung of the abnormal puppy. The second and third puppies delivered without difficulty, but only one of these puppies was alive at birth. This case represents the first report of gastro-thoracoschisis clinical case in Pomeranian breed. This case underscores the complexities of managing congenital anomalies in canine and highlights the need for further research to understand the etiology of GTS, which is observed more frequently in ruminants and sporadically in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 3","pages":"128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}