Vector borne and zoonotic diseases最新文献

{"title":"Detection of <i>Rickettsia amblyommatis</i> in <i>Amblyomma mixtum</i> and <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Ticks Collected from Cattle in Tamaulipas, Mexico.","authors":"Sofía L Luna-Rojas, Edwin Vázquez-Guerrero, Efrén Díaz-Aparicio, Antonio Cantú-Covarrubias, Rigoberto Hernández-Castro, Gerardo Álvarez-Hernández, Paulina Estrada-de Los Santos, J Antonio Ibarra","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0098","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i><b>Background:</b></i> <i>Rickettsia</i> spp. are obligate intracellular bacteria of utmost importance for public health and the economy since their presence can generate significant losses in livestock production, affecting the health of animals, the quality of the meat, milk, and other products derived from affected animals. Therefore, prevention of the transmission of these pathogens, their early identification and timely treatment are essential to mitigate their impact on public health and animal production. <i><b>Materials and Methods:</b></i> In the present work, hard ticks were collected from infested <i>Bos indicus</i> cattle in Aldama, Tamaulipas, Mexico. They were identified by morphology using dichotomous keys and by sequencing and analyzing of a fragment of the mitochondrial 16S. PCR was performed using specific primers targeting <i>Rickettsia</i> sp. <i>gltA</i>. Phylogenetic analyses were performed, aligning the amino acid sequences with Muscle, and a phylogenetic tree was generated using PhyML. <i><b>Results and Conclusions:</b></i> <i>Amblyomma mixtum</i> and <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> ticks infesting the cattle were identified. Using molecular techniques, the presence of <i>Rickettsia amblyommatis</i> was identified in the cohort of analyzed ticks, suggesting a circulation of this pathogen in livestock in this region and granting further research in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"180-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Relationship Between Entomological Surveillance Indices and West Nile Virus Transmission, United States: Systematic Review.","authors":"Thomas C Moore, Xin Tang, Heidi E Brown","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2024.0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Entomological surveillance indices are used to estimate the risk of West Nile virus (WNV; family Flaviviridae, genus <i>Flavivirus</i>) transmission. To determine when and where to initiate mosquito control activities, integrated vector management programs establish action thresholds based on entomological surveillance indices. However, the application of entomological surveillance indices needs further investigation relative to the human risk of WNV infection. Herein, we examine the evidence from studies that investigated the quantitative relationship between entomological surveillance indices and human WNV cases using systematic review methods. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Across three databases, 5378 articles were identified. Using the selection criteria, 38 studies were included for study. Most articles explored entomological indices weekly and devised unique geographic scales to aggregate human and/or mosquito data. The most used models were logistic and negative binomial regression. Maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) and vector index (VI) demonstrated the greatest ratio of number of positive results to number of times tested. Among all selected articles, 35 unique U.S. locations assessed MLE and/or VI. Human WNV infection had a significant association with MLE across 81.25% (13/16) of locations. VI showed successful performance across 80.00% (24/30) sites tested. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This systematic review identifies methods for quantifying relationships between entomological and human WNV infection data. We found entomological surveillance indices applied to human WNV risk should include a measure of virus presence, such as MLE and VI. Model type and covariates were too variable to identify geographic or species-specific trends, though, when tested, including temperature, land cover, population density, and time improved the model. This study is meant to be informative and designed to assist public health agencies in seasonal WNV preparations but are not meant to be a panacea for all WNV surveillance challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining Morphological and Molecular Tools Can Enhance Tick Species Identification for Improved Tick-Borne Disease Surveillance Among Pastoral Communities in Kenya.","authors":"Hellen Koka, Solomon Langat, Francis Mulwa, James Mutisya, Samuel Owaka, Millicent Sifuna, Juliette R Ongus, Joel Lutomiah, Rosemary Sang","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0034","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Ticks are ecto-parasites of domestic animals, rodents, and wildlife living for periods at a time on one or more vertebrate hosts. They are important vectors of viral, bacterial, or parasitic diseases in livestock and humans. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus and the spotted fever rickettsiae are some of the tick-borne diseases of public health importance reported in Kenya. Their distribution and public health risks among communities, especially pastoralists, remain poorly characterized due to limited surveillance, affected partly by inadequate capacity for tick identification arising from a limited number of skilled taxonomists. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The aim of this survey was to identify tick species currently circulating in different livestock hosts in northern Kenya. Ticks were sampled from cattle, sheep, goats, and camels in Turkana, Isiolo, Baringo, and West Pokot counties, and differential identification was carried out using morphological identification keys followed by molecular characterization based on the cytochrome c oxidase I gene (cox1). Haplotypes were determined using the DnaSP v6 software and phylogenetic relationships inferred using the maximum likelihood algorithm. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 12,206 ticks were collected, from Turkana (45.4%), Isiolo (23.1%), Baringo (22.7%), and West Pokot (8.8%) counties in Kenya. Ten species were confirmed by molecular analysis; H. rufipes, H. impeltatum, H. dromedarii, R. pravus, R. camicasi, R. pulchellus, R. evertsi evertsi, A. variegatum, A. gemma, and A. lepidum. There was no disparity in the morphological and molecular identification of Amblyomma species. However, molecular analysis provided insight into the complexity of morphological identification especially among Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus species. High haplotype diversities (0.857-1.000) and low nucleotide diversities (0.00719-0.06319) were observed in all the tick samples tested. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The findings highlight the diversity of tick species in dry pastoral ecologies in Kenya and the importance of confirming morphological identification by molecular analysis thus contributing to accurate mapping of tick-borne disease distribution and risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i> in Culture from Vellore, South India.","authors":"Janaki Kumaraswamy, Karthik Gunasekaran, Agilandeeswari Kirubanandan, Solomon D'Cruz, Kpp Abhilash, John Antony Jude Prakash","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0070","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Orientia tsutsugamushi, causative agent of scrub typhus is an obligate intracellular parasite. We present information on isolation of this pathogen at a tertiary care centre in Vellore, Southern India. <b><i>Materials & Methods:</i></b> PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) collected from suspected scrub typhus patients were inoculated into Vero and L929 cell lines and incubated at 37°C with 5% CO2 for 30 days. They were examined for presence of Orientia tsutsugamushi on 10, 15, 20 days post-inoculation and everyday thereafter for a maximum of 30 days post inoculation. The scrapings were subjected to Giemsa staining, IFA, 47kDa qPCR and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The isolates were passaged 3-4 times to ensure viability and then stored in DMEM with 10% FBS (-80). Genotyping of the isolates was performed by amplifying a 650 bp segment of the TSA 56 (type specific antigen 56) gene. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Amongst the 50 samples inoculated, three were culture positive as confirmed by 47 kDa qPCR on 24th day post inoculation. This was further confirmed by Giemsa, IFA staining and TEM. The 650bp amplicons showed 99.5 to 100% homology with Orientia tsutsugamushi MW604716, MH003839, MW604718, MW604717, MH922787 and MH003838 strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 2 isolates belong to TA763 genotype and one belongs to Gilliam genotype. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Orientia tsutsugamushi has been isolated for the first time at Vellore, South India from PBMCs. Complete genomic analysis will give more information.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"100-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Emerging Arboviral Infections: A Tertiary Care Hospital-Based Study from Kashmir, Northern India.","authors":"Bashir Ahmad Fomda, Masqooba Murtaza, Dalip K Kakru, Shabir Ahmad Lone, Imtiyaz Sheikh, Shahnawaz Ayoub, Mubashir Nazir","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0085","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Arboviruses are becoming a global public health menace. The common diseases worldwide caused by arboviruses are dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. This study aims to determine the prevalence of these three arboviral infections in patients with acute febrile illness at a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir, North India. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A total of 812 blood samples were collected and tested for anti-dengue, anti-chikungunya immunoglobulin M (IgM), and dengue nonstructural protein 1 antigen by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Molecular testing of these samples was also done to detect dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses by using the CDC Trioplex real-time PCR assay. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The prevalence of diseases found among the studied patients was dengue 105/812 (12.93%) followed by chikungunya 17/812 (2.09%), and 3 cases (0.37%) were positive for both dengue and chikungunya; however, no case of Zika was detected. Interestingly, we found that only individuals that had a history of travel to different destinations within the country were positive for these viruses. Most affected cases were males 105/812 (12.93%) compared with females 20/812 (2.46%). Dengue serotyping results indicate that Dengue virus-1 was the most commonly found serotype. The most common symptoms in patients positive for dengue and chikungunya were fever, intense fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, anorexia, conjunctivitis, and skin rash. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study showed that dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses are not prevalent in the indigenous population of Kashmir. However, screening for these agents is required in people who have recently traveled outside Kashmir and have symptoms of acute febrile illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"148-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Clinical and Laboratory Features of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Children and Adults: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study and Literature Review.","authors":"Ilkay Bozkurt, Emine H Erdeniz, Matthew J Riley, Levent Şensoy, Nick J Beeching, Sema Aydogdu, Hakan Leblebicioglu, Gulay Korukluoglu, Tom E Fletcher","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0066","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a major emerging infectious disease threat, and children are reported to have a milder disease course compared with adults, in contrast to other viral hemorrhagic fevers. The aim of this study was to compare adult and pediatric patients with CCHF to improve understanding of pathogenesis and the natural history of the disease. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A retrospective analysis of all children and adults admitted with confirmed CCHF between 2011 and 2020. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features were collated on proformas, together with clinical management details. The Severity Grading Score (SGS) system was used to stratify mortality risk. Data from children were compared with adults in the same center and with other published pediatric cohort studies. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 47 children with a median (ranges) age of 14 (2-17) years and 176 adults with a median (ranges) age of 52 (18-83) years with confirmed CCHF were included. The most frequent symptoms in adults were fever, muscle-joint pain, headache, nausea, and vomiting; the most frequent in children were fever, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Adults had lower lymphocyte and platelet counts and higher liver transaminase and creatinine levels than children. SGS values were lower in children, but 97.9% children received ribavirin compared with 8.5% of adults (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and they had associated longer median lengths of hospital admission (10 vs. 7 days, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Mortality of 1 out of 47 (2.1%) children was similar to 11 other cohorts reported in Türkiye and lower than 13.1% in adults (23/176) in the same center (<i>p</i> = 0.059). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Children have lower CCHF-related mortality, less severe disease, and different clinical syndromes at presentation. The majority of published case definitions for screening for CCHF in the main endemic countries do not differentiate between adults and children and omit four of the five most common presenting features in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Animal Infection Model of <i>Spirometra Mansoni</i> and Identification of <i>Spirometra Mansoni</i> by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.","authors":"Anqi Luo, Shuyu Chen, Mingye He, Xiaoruo Tan, Zhikang Li, Wei Liu, Yisong Liu","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0051","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> <i>Spirometra mansoni</i> is a crucial zoonotic parasite. Its larvae are more harmful than adult worms due to their ability to migrate through the host's tissues and organs. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an animal model of spargana for observing pathological changes and exploring diagnostic techniques. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this study, we infected Kunming mice and cats without any pathogens by feeding sparganum (with the scolex and neck) in order to understand the infection cycle of <i>S. mansoni</i> and explore the preservation host of sparganosis. The infection of <i>S. mansoni</i> was determined by fecal detection and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In the model of cats, the eggs of <i>S. mansoni</i> were found in the feces ten days after the infection. The serum-specific IgG antibodies against <i>S. mansoni</i> were positive in experimental groups (mice and cats), and after sixty days, the S. mansoni worms isolated from experimental groups were collected. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In conclusion, the experimental results show that mice and cats can be stably infected with S. mansoni through feeding sparganum (with the scolex and neck). The infection method of this study has the potential to establish a practical model for investigating the diagnostic process of <i>S. mansoni</i>, laying the groundwork for application and development. ELISA was used to diagnose mice and cats infected with sparganosis mansoni, providing a case for non-invasive identification of animal sparganosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"133-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiparasitic Effects of Niosomal Formulations of Curcumin and Silymarin Against <i>Toxoplasma gondii In Vitro</i>.","authors":"Hiba Riyadh Al-Abodi","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0044","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with <i>Toxoplasma gondii.</i> No Symptoms in healthy people. Notably, very dangerous symptoms in immunocompromised, or patients with immune diseases. Previous research has shown that the parasite's resistance to drugs continues to emerge and has indicated this resistance as a cause for concern. In this context, researchers have a great responsibility to search for alternative treatments, as well as to develop existing ones. Essentially, this improves the therapeutic efficacy of drugs and prevents the emergence of resistance to them. The present study aims to evaluate antitoxoplasma effects of niosomal loaded curcumin and silymarin and their synergistic effects with clindamycin against <i>T. gondii</i> RH strain <i>in vitro</i>. <b><i>Materials and Methods</i></b>: Experiments were conducted on the tachyzoites of <i>T. gondii</i> RH-strain, based on: the free and nieosomal compounds of curcumin and silymarin, in addition to the drug clindamycin. Data were collected to estimate parasite viability during exposure to the therapeutic compounds under study using a special MTT assay ((3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolioum bromide) assay: is a colorimetric assay for measuring cellular growth) kit provided by (Bio Idea Company, Tehran, Iran). Hence, the effect of the therapeutic compounds on the parasite load was studied using the quantitative molecular technique real-time PCR. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results indicate that the combination of N-silymarin and N-curcumin with clindamycin has active synergistic effects against <i>T. gondii</i> leading to complete elimination of the parasite. Data revealed that curcumin and silymarin in both their free and nisomal forms had inhibitory effects on the parasite, and minimal toxic effects on normal cells. <b><i>Conclusions</i></b>: The results highlight the successful synergistic effect of clindamycin and the niosomal compounds curcumin and silymarin in completely eradicating the <i>T. gondii</i> RH-strain. This finding contributes positively to the field of safe and effective treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"125-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Toscana Virus Antibodies in Residents of Bulgaria: A Nationwide Study Following the Pandemic of COVID-19.","authors":"Iva Trifonova, Kim Ngoc, Teodora Gladnishka, Elitsa Panayotova, Evgenia Taseva, Vladislava Ivanova, Iva Vladimirova, Eleonora Kuteva, Iva Christova","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0050","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Toscana virus (TOSV) is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted by sandflies and is mainly found in countries around the Mediterranean basin. In this article, we present the findings of a seroprevalence study on TOSV in Bulgaria. We aim to assess the current epidemiological situation regarding TOSV in the country and raise clinical awareness. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Serum samples (<i>n</i> = 1892) were collected in December 2023. Serological tests were performed using a commercial anti-TOSV ELISA kit. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were detected in 6.4% (121/1892) of the participants. A significantly higher seropositivity rate was found in the age group over 65 years compared with the age groups 18-29 and 40-64 (11.8% vs. 3.9% vs. 3.4%), as well as in males compared with females (8.0% vs. 5.3%). The seroprevalence rates in districts ranged from 0% to 18.5%. Higher seropositivity was found in the southern and northern regions. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The seroprevalence rate of TOSV in Bulgaria, found in this study, is a significant decrease compared with the seropositivity rate of 24.5% reported in the country in 2018. The reasons for this are unknown and could possibly be related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the constantly changing environmental conditions. There is also a possibility that the higher seropositivity detected in 2018 together with the rise in clinical cases reported from endemic countries around that time might have been due to an unrecognized TOSV outbreak taking place in this period. Continued clinical awareness and surveillance are necessary for recognition and management of potential cases of TOSV neuroinfection, especially during summer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"142-147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Burden of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Among Pet Dogs and Cats with Respiratory Illness Outside the Healthcare Facilities: A Possible Public Health Concern.","authors":"Alaa A Shaker, Ahmed Samir, Hala M Zaher, Khaled A Abdel-Moein","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0082","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Researchers paid more attention to nosocomial <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in veterinary hospitals worldwide; however, the research scope toward community-acquired <i>A. baumannii</i> infections among animals is largely ignored. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the role of diseased dogs and cats suffering from respiratory illness in transmission of community-acquired <i>A. baumannii</i> infection and its public health threat. <b><i>Materials and methods:</i></b> Oral swabs were collected from 154 pet animals with respiratory signs, including 80 cats and 74 dogs (outpatient visits). The obtained swabs were cultured on CHROMagar™ MH Orientation media for isolation of <i>A. baumannii</i>, and identification of suspected isolates was conducted via Gram staining, conventional biochemical tests, and molecular detection of the <i>bla</i>_OXA-51-like gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates was carried out using the disc diffusion method. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, 10 (6.5%) out of 154 diseased pet animals were positive for <i>A. baumannii</i>, where 6 (8.1%) and 4 (5%) dogs and cats were positive, respectively. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>A. baumannii</i> was found in 3.9% of the examined animals. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the obtained sequences from dogs and cats were closely related to human and animal sequences. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The occurrence of MDR <i>A. baumannii</i> among dogs and cats suffering from respiratory illness highlights the potential role of pet animals in the dissemination of MDR <i>A. baumannii</i> in the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"118-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}