Vector borne and zoonotic diseases最新文献

{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Getah Virus GD2202 from Mosquitoes in Foshan, China.","authors":"Ying-Ling Deng, Zi-Yi Lin, Rui Lin, Zi-Shuo Lu, Xing-Xiu Yan, Li-Xia Li, Hui-Jun Lu, Xue Bai, Ning-Yi Jin, Hao Liu","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0100","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Getah virus (GETV) is a vector-borne virus that can proliferate in mosquitoes and be transmitted to host animals through bites. Clinical infection with the virus mainly causes diarrhea and reproductive disorders in pigs and fever, rash, and edema in horses. This caused huge losses to the pig industry and also affected the level of competition for horses. GETV has proliferated across over 20 regions within China, recently resulting in miscarriages and fatalities among the pig population, Guangdong province. Currently, there are no highly effective preventative or therapeutic strategies for diseases induced by GETV. Understanding the infection pathways, inclusive of GETV transmission vectors, is of paramount importance for the prevention and management of the disease. <b><i>Results:</i></b> To clarify the main transmission vectors and genotypes of GETV in this area, 3600 mosquitoes of different species were collected and GETV was detected using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The minimum infection rate was 1.36 for <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i> and 0.83 for <i>Anopheles sinensis</i>. The GETV GD2202 strain was successfully isolated from <i>C. tritaeniorhynchus</i> using mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cells, and its complete genome was sequenced by PCR. This represents the first identification and isolation of GETV from mosquitoes in Guangdong Province of Southern China. Comparison with GenBank data showed 99.3% identity with the E2 gene of the GDFS2-2018 and GDFS9-2018 strains causing disease in local pig populations, and a nucleotide similarity of 99.8% with the E2 gene of the HNNY-1, HNPDS-1, and HNPDS-2 strains isolated from pigs in Henan, and the highest identity with the JL1708 strain isolated from mosquitoes in Jilin Province, with a nucleotide similarity in the E2 gene of 99.9%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it had the closest genetic evolutionary relationship with the <i>Culex</i>-derived JL1708 strain and was on the same evolutionary branch as the pig-derived HNNY-1, HNPDS-1, and HNPDS-2 strains. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> A comprehensive investigation was undertaken to examine the prevalence of GETV infection among various mosquito species in Foshan, Guangdong Province, China. The findings indicated that <i>C. tritaeniorhynchus</i> acted as the principal vector for transmission, predominantly infected with GETV genotype III. This genotype was consistent with that identified in deceased pig populations and demonstrated significant homology. This study provides a robust scientific basis for understanding the propagation of GETV, thereby offering vital insights for the formulation of disease prevention and control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"269-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Insight into the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus and Associated Risk Factors Among Liver Transplant Recipients from Bulgaria.","authors":"Magdalena Petrova Baymakova, Marina Konaktchieva, Metodi Kunchev, Georgi Popivanov, Todor Kundurzhiev, Ilia Tsachev, Ventsislav Mutafchiyski","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0101","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is caused by viruses belonging to the <i>Hepeviridae</i> family. HEV infection can be self-limiting; however, extrahepatic manifestations may be present. The purpose of the current study was to establish the seroprevalence of HEV among Bulgarian liver transplant recipients (LTRs) and to identify associated risk factors. <b><i>Materials & Methods:</i></b> The present study was conducted between April 1, 2023, and October 30, 2023, at the Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria. All serum samples were tested for anti-HEV IgG/IgM using HEV IgG/IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on Dia.Pro (Milan, Italy). Each participating LTR completed a detailed paper-based closed-ended questionnaire regarding the associated risk factors for HEV infection. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study included 73 LTRs with a mean age of 47.0 ± 14.0 years. Anti-HEV IgG antibodies were detected in 25 LTRs (34.2%), including 20 males (37.7%) and 5 females (25%). All participants were HEV-IgM negative. HEV seropositivity rates were higher but not statistically significant in LTRs aged >60 years than in those aged <60 years (40% vs. 32.7%). A significant factor by logistic regression was \"high level of education\" (odds ratio [OR] = 2.917; <i>p</i> = 0.038). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> To the best of our knowledge, this is the first seroepidemiological HEV study among LTRs from Bulgaria that found a high seroprevalence (34.2%).</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"303-313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Brucellosis Presenting with Necrotizing-Like Skin Involvement.","authors":"Nursel Atay Ünal, Zeynep Savaş Şen, Türkan Aydın Teke, Koray Bakır, Ayşenur Alkaya, Nilüfer Tekgöz","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2024.0121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of West Nile Virus as a Cause of Human Disease in Kansas.","authors":"Stephen Higgs, Susan M Hettenbach, Ashlie M Ake, Nicole M Ioerger, Dana L Vanlandingham","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2024.0104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> In the United States, West Nile virus (WNV) was first identified in 1999 in New York City and in Kansas in 2002. How the virus was introduced remains uncertain, although several potential methods have been hypothesized. This review presents an overview of what has occurred with WNV since 1999 and the potential for establishment of related viruses, such as Japanese encephalitis virus, if they were to be introduced in the United States. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> We have compiled human West Nile case data from Kansas over time with the purpose of illustrating how this virus has become endemic in the center of North America in a representative Midwestern state that is seasonal and does not have year-round mosquito vector activity. Case data were compiled from multiple sources including the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the Kansas Department of Health and Environment. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The annual reported numbers of human WNV infections have fluctuated widely in Kansas since the introduction in 2002. Between 2002 and 2022, there were a total of 715 reported cases in Kansas, with an average of 34 cases per year. Among the 715 cases, 73% were from 23 counties, but 4 counties accounted for 32% of this total with clusters of cases. Sedgwick County, which is the second most populous county in Kansas, represented 15% of the 715 total cases. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The reasons for fluctuations in the number of cases reported each year and the distribution of these cases is uncertain, but they are most likely due to changes in the mosquito vector populations, which are influenced by environmental factors, such as seasonal rainfall, temperature, and humidity. With regards to the future, WNV is here to stay with annual fluctuations that are difficult to predict. The establishment of WNV in the U.S. and Kansas should serve as a warning for the possibility of establishment of other mosquito-vectored diseases, including Japanese Encephalitis virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Communication: Analysis of the Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases in Chronic Filariasis Diagnosed in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.","authors":"Priti Meena, Sandip Panda, Paromita Das, Anish Garg, Suvendu Purkait, Pavithra Ayyanar","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0038","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The study presents renal manifestations in chronic filariasis, a substantial health concern in the eastern and north-eastern regions of India. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The study is a retrospective analysis of a renal biopsy series of patients with chronic filariasis from a tertiary care hospital in Odisha. It involves eight cases of chronic filariasis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Common indications of biopsy were nephrotic syndrome, chyluria, and unexplained renal failure. The mean duration from the diagnosis of filariasis to the onset of glomerular diseases was 15.75 years, SD ± 4.2 years. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 6 months. Renal histopathology revealed various patterns, including membranous nephropathy, minimal change disease, IGA nephropathy, and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The study fills a critical gap in the literature by elucidating renal biopsy findings in chronic filariasis. The multifaceted nature of this disease underscores the need for continued research to understand kidney diseases due to filariasis, especially in endemic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"220-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Compound AT13148 Targeting AKT Suppresses Dengue Virus 2 Replication.","authors":"Yangchao Dong, Chuantao Ye, Peijun Han, Wei Ye, Yuan Wang, Jing Yang, Zhikai Xu, Fanglin Zhang, Yingfeng Lei","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0069","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Dengue virus (DENV) infection, caused by serotypes DENV 1-4, represents a significant global public health challenge, with no antiviral drugs currently available for treatment. The host Protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway is crucial for DENV infection, presenting a potential target for antiviral drug development. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral activity of kinase inhibitors that target the AKT pathway, focusing on the compound AT13148. Methods: A mini-screening was conducted to identify kinase inhibitors with antiviral properties against DENV-2. The effects of AT13148 on viral RNA replication and translation were assessed in a dose- and time-dependent manner following DENV-2 entry. The mechanism of action was further investigated by evaluating the impact of AT13148 on AKT kinase activity and phosphorylation status. <b><i>Results:</i></b> AT13148 exhibited potent antiviral activity against DENV-2, significantly inhibiting viral RNA replication and translation post-entry. The compound was found to inhibit AKT kinase activity through hyperphosphorylation. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The findings indicate that AT13148 effectively targets the AKT pathway, demonstrating potential as an antiviral therapeutic against DENV-2 by interfering with the virus's post-entry processes. Further in vivo studies are warranted to assess the efficacy of AT13148 in controlling DENV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"213-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Epidemiological Information Required for Lyme Disease Surveillance in a Low-Incidence State, California 2011-2017.","authors":"Sharon I Brummitt, Anne M Kjemtrup, Woutrina A Smith, Christopher M Barker, Danielle J Harvey","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0043","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017, over 12,000 case reports of Lyme disease (LD) were submitted to the California Reportable Disease Information Exchange for further investigation. The number of case reports has tripled compared to previous years, emphasizing the need for efficient estimation and classification methods. We evaluated whether estimation procedures can be implemented in a low-incidence state such as California to correctly classify a case of LD, similar to those procedures used in high-incidence states. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The purpose of this study was to identify whether a minimum number of variables was sufficient to reliably classify cases in California and potentially reduce workload while maintaining the ability to track LD trends in California. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> To determine the relative value of diagnostic information, we compared five candidate logistic regression models that were used to classify cases based on information that varied in its degree of difficulty for collection. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Our results using California's surveillance data showed that automatically reported data were not sufficient, additional information such as, a patient's clinical presentation and travel history were necessary in a low-incidence state to improve the overall sensitivity of the models. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study may help inform public health surveillance efforts by demonstrating that both clinical and travel information are required to accurately classify a case of LD in a low-incidence state.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Communication: Coinfection of Japanese Encephalitis and Scrub Typhus in Acute Encephalitis Patients in North India.","authors":"Hirawati Deval, Brij Ranjan Misra, Neha Srivastava, Avinash R Deoshatwar, Mahima Mittal, Niraj Kumar, S P Behera, Kamran Zaman, Rajeev Singh, Ashok Kumar Pandey, Rajni Kant, Vijay P Bondre","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0067","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a significant public health issue in India, attributed to various etiologies. In eastern Uttar Pradesh, Japanese encephalitis (JE) was the leading cause of AES (10-14% of total AES) until scrub typhus (ST), caused by <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>, was identified in cerebrospinal fluid and blood samples of AES patients contributing more than 60% of AES cases. This study investigates the prevalence of JE-ST coinfection and compares clinical outcomes among JE mono-infection, ST mono-infection, and JE-ST coinfection. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> AES cases admitted to BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017, were included. JE and ST diagnosis was confirmed by serological (IgM) and molecular (PCR) tests. Statistical analysis was done to correlate clinical outcomes and infection group. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Total 1180 cases were tested positive for JE and/or ST. The prevalence of JE-ST coinfection was 8.9% among AES cases. JE mono-infection showed a mortality rate of 34.5%, ST mono-infection 13.4%, and JE-ST coinfection 9.5%. JE-ST co-infected cases experienced less severe clinical outcomes compared to mono-infected cases. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> JE-ST coinfection in AES cases is relatively common, with better clinical outcomes and lower mortality rates compared to JE or ST mono-infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"223-227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual, Host-Vector Interactions, and Environmental Risk Factors for <i>Plasmodium knowlesi</i> Malaria Among At-Risk Communities in Peninsular Malaysia: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Hafizah Pasi, Emma Mohamad, Arina Anis Azlan, Mohammad Rezal Hamzah, Mohd Rahim Sulong, Affendi Isa, Sivasangari Genapathy, Hazwani Damanhuri","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0023","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Highlighting the individual, host-vector interactions, and environmental risk factors for knowlesi malaria were consequential toward more focused and effective prevention and control strategies. This study aims to identify the individual, host-vector interactions, and environmental risk factors for Plasmodium knowlesi malaria among at-risk communities in Peninsular Malaysia. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A case-control study was conducted involving laboratory-confirmed cases of P. knowlesi malaria, while a locality-matched individual with no history of fever and tested negative for malaria was taken as control. Univariate and multiple logistic regression were applied to evaluate the potential risk factors among respondents using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Results showed higher cases among males as compared to females (76.1% vs. 23.9%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed being male is 3.51 higher risk (<i>p</i> < 0.001) to become a case. Respondents whose place of work or study is near the forest edge have 44.0% lower risk (<i>p</i> = 0.030), while those living in the Orang Asli village were 56.0% lower risk as compared to the organized village to become a case (<i>p</i> = 0.035). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These findings demonstrated that gender emerges as an independent individual risk factor while residing near a forest edge, in an Orang Asli village, or occupying workers' longhouses situated in hilly areas lowered the environmental risk among respondents. These findings attested that alternative directions must be considered in addressing the known risk factors associated with this type of malaria and the design of prevention and control programs should be tailored to the unique characteristics of each population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"167-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Behavioral Factors Associated with Dengue Outbreak: An Observational Study from Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.","authors":"Umaer Alam, Aman Agarwal, Hirawati Deval, Rohit Beniwal, Neha Srivastava, Ashok Kumar Pandey, Ayush Mishra, Bimla Dhiman, Tanuja Mishra, Brij Ranjan Misra, Niraj Kumar, Vijay Kumar Srivastava, Angad Singh, Rajni Kant, Manoj Murhekar","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0064","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Clinical and epidemiological aspects of dengue have extensively been studied in India. However, limited data are available on social and behavioral aspects of dengue outbreak. We aimed to fill this gap and wish to study socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors associated with dengue outbreak in the Gorakhpur region of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This retrospective observational study was conducted among dengue patients discharged from hospital. Data on sociodemographic, economic, and behavioral factors of dengue were collected telephonically using a structured questionnaire. Continuous and categorical variables were reported as mean ± SD and numbers (%), respectively. Logistic regression analysis was done to establish association between patient's characteristics, awareness, and preventive behavior. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Age group 19-45 years 156/232, males 159/232, urban residents 142/232, residing in pucca house 187/232, and from lower-income families 149/232 were mostly affected in this outbreak. Patients spent a median of Indian national rupees 20,000 on treatment. Only 10.8% of patients had Ayushman health insurance cards. Awareness about dengue infection was found in∼43% patients. Literates, middle income group, and professionals/semiprofessionals were significantly more aware about dengue disease, mosquito bite, and treatment than their counterparts. Travel history was significantly associated with dengue infection in the males of 19-45 years age group belonging to rural areas. Use of mosquito repellent, nets, wearing full sleeve clothes were significantly less in rural residents while barefoot walking was more frequently observed in this population. Use of mosquito repellent was significantly associated with income, and these were observed more in the middle-income group. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> People with low education level, residing in urban areas, residing in pucca houses, who travel frequently, and who belong to lower-income groups were majorly affected by this dengue outbreak. Less dengue awareness and not following preventive practices were found in them. Targeted health education campaigns in urban setting could prevent dengue and economic burden on these vulnerable groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}