Vector borne and zoonotic diseases最新文献

{"title":"Hospital-Based Surveillance of Rickettsial Diseases in Kashmir, North India.","authors":"Bashir Ahmad Fomda, Yawar Bashir Mir, Mudasir Qadri Syed, Nazima Abdullah, Mubashir Nazir, Mushtaq Ahmad Bhat, Sonaullah Shah","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2024.0122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Rickettsial diseases were reported from Kashmir, India, in the early 20th century. Since then, limited research was carried that has resulted in a significant gap in understanding these diseases. This study was conducted to find out the prevalence and diversity of rickettsial diseases in this region. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Blood sample from 476 patients were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was done for the detection of IgM and IgG, and immunofluorescence assay was done for endpoint titer determination. Nested polymerase chain reaction was performed for detection of spotted fever group (gltA, sca0, sca5 genes), typhus group (17 kDa gene) scrub typhus group (47 and 56 kDa gene), followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The seropositivity of scrub typhus, spotted fever group, typhus group was 74 (15.54%), 71 (14.91%), and 60 (12.60%), respectively. Scrub typhus was significantly associated with the urban population (odds ratio = 1.812, 95% confidence interval 1.099-3.0, <i>p</i> = 0.02). Bimodal seasonal variation was observed in all the three groups. In spotted fever group, out of 48 samples 81.25%, 45.83%, and 38.09% were positive for gltA, sca0, and sca5 genes, respectively, and in typhus group 20.83% were positive for 17 kDa. In the scrub typhus group, out of 62 samples, the 56 kDa gene was positive in 56.45%, while the 47 kDa gene was positive in 35.48%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed <i>Rickettsia conorii</i>, <i>Rickettsia parkeri</i>, <i>Rickettsia typhi</i>, and <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study confirms the presence of human rickettsial infections in Kashmir, highlighting the need for including rickettsial diseases in diagnostic algorithm for acute febrile illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Pediatric Brucellosis with a Rare Complication of Splenic Abscess.","authors":"Coskun Ekemen, Gulhadiye Avcu, Asli Arslan, Emine Cigdem Ozer, Zumrut Sahbudak Bal","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2024.0133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Elderly Patients with Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome: A Retrospective Study Conducted in Shaanxi Province, China.","authors":"XiaoQin Cao, YaFei Jin, Hong Du, Wei Wang, YanYan Zhao, XuYang Zheng, XiaoYan Wang, PeiYu Bian, LiMei Wang, Hong Jiang","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2024.0063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Chinese elderly patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The clinical data of hospitalized patients diagnosed with HFRS from 2011 to 2022 were extracted from the inpatient record system of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University. A comparative analysis was conducted between young and elderly individuals regarding the male-to-female ratio, disease classification, clinical laboratory indices, and prognosis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the patients diagnosed with HFRS, the elderly population accounted for 14.86%, comprising 199 males and 86 females. The proportion of severe-type cases among elderly patients was 25.96%, while the proportion of critical cases was 32.63%. Critically, the proportion of critical-type cases in this age group was significantly higher compared to individuals aged 20-60 years. Comparing the clinical indices of elderly patients with HFRS with different clinical outcomes, our findings revealed deceased cases exhibited significantly higher body temperature, hemoglobin (HGB) levels, and white blood cell (WBC) counts compared to surviving patients. Conversely, albumin (ALB) levels, fibrinogen (FIB) levels, and platelet counts were significantly lower in deceased patients than in surviving patients. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The incidence of HFRS in the elderly presents a higher proportion of severe-type and critical-type cases and a greater mortality rate compared to younger individuals. Elevated body temperature, HGB levels, and WBC counts, and lower ALB and FIB levels suggest a poorer prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Burden of Agriculturally Significant Vector-Borne and Parasitic Diseases in Kansas.","authors":"Kristin Michel, Nicole M Ioerger, Ashlie M Ake, Susan M Hettenbach, Cassandra Olds, Dustin L Pendell, James Stack, Stephen Higgs, Dana L Vanlandingham","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2025.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2025.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The state of Kansas (KS) has been called the \"agricultural heartland\" of the United States. Vector-borne and parasitic diseases (VBPD) have a major impact on the production of livestock, such as cattle, swine, goats and sheep, as well as crops, such as wheat, corn, and sorghum. The purpose of this review is to educate agricultural professionals in the state of KS about VBPD of current or potential concern and to inform the public about the challenges faced by the agricultural community. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This review describes and discusses the endemic VBPD that currently impact agricultural production in KS and foreign VBPD of concern. In addition, we outline the major arthropod vectors of VBPD in KS, including ticks, mites, and various insects. In the context of this review, parasites are strictly limited to arthropod ectoparasites that negatively impact livestock production. Modern agricultural data for the state of KS were mostly sourced from the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, and current KS VBPD data were mostly sourced from the KS State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These VBPD have a large economic impact on the state and country, and we have concluded there is a need for updated estimates regarding the economic burden of VBPD in KS and throughout the United States to make better animal and crop health investment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Infection in Triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in an Ecotourism Area of the Atlantic Forest in São Paulo State.","authors":"Jaciara de Oliveira Jorge Costa, Herbert Sousa Soares, Isabela Pereira Pesenato, Thiago Fakelmann, Giovanna Stefani Nosberto Castelli, Arlei Marcili","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2024.0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b>Triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), which are the vectors of Chagas disease in Brazil, are associated with forested areas. This study analyzed triatomines and their natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi in an Atlantic Forest remnant in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Thirty-five triatomines were captured and identified as Triatoma tibiamaculata and Panstrongylus megistus. The study included direct trypanosome research and isolation in Balb/c mice. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Fifteen isolates were obtained from seven triatomines representing both species. Protein sequences from the V7-V8 SSUrDNA region were obtained from the isolates and positive triatomines and were analyzed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods for phylogenetic positioning. All sequences obtained were identified as T. cruzi; the isolates were classified as TcII, whereas a direct sample was typed as TcIV. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The results demonstrated the occurrence of active transmission cycles and the risk of vector transmission to the population in these regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Survey and Phylogenetic Characterization of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Hubei Province, China.","authors":"Yake Lei, Ying Dai, Meng Guo, Lei Yi, Kun Cai, Bing Hu","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2024.0126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Tick-borne diseases pose a serious disease burden globally, with pathogens including viruses, bacteria, rickettsia, and spirochetes. This study aims to investigate ticks and pathogens in Huanggang and Suizhou, two regions with the highest tick-borne disease prevalence in Hubei, China. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 2,958 ticks were collected, and their species diversity was characterized. RNA and DNA were used for polymerase chain reaction detection and sequencing of <i>Dabie bandavirus</i> (DBV), spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR), <i>Coxiella burnetii</i>, <i>Borrelia</i>, <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>, <i>Babesia</i>, and <i>Bartonella</i> pathogens in ticks. Molecular evolutionary traits and phylogenetic linkages were further analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> One family, four genera, and four species of ticks were identified, with <i>Haemaphysalis longicornis</i> being the predominant species. The overall DBV-positive rate was 2.63% in ticks from Huanggang City and 0.48% in those from Suizhou City. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the DBV strains from Hubei Province belonged to genotypes A-F, with high evolutionary homology with those sampled from local human patients. The tick-borne SFGR-positive rate was significantly higher in samples from Huanggang City (48.23%) than in Suizhou City (8.29%). High levels of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> sequences were detected in both regions, with 99% homologous. <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> was detected for the first time in Suizhou City, with a very low carriage rate (0.24%), and was not detected in Huanggang City. No <i>Bartonella</i>, <i>Babesia</i>, or <i>C. burnetii</i> pathogens were detected from either location. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study represents a substantial effort to investigate the diversity of tick-borne pathogens in Huanggang and Suizhou City. Our findings provide references and data to help develop effective tick-borne disease prevention, surveillance, and early warning systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xenomonitoring and Molecular Characterization of <i>Brugia malayi</i> from <i>Mansonia annulifera</i> in Alappuzha, Kerala, India.","authors":"Kiruthiga Tamilselvan, Aiswarya R Suresh, Sivalaxmi Balakrishnan, Harish Kumar Shah, Bhairavi B, Jessu Mathew, Hisham Moosan","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2025.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2025.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Lymphatic filariasis is a major public health problem known for its disfiguring and debilitating effects. Alappuzha district in Kerala has been a hotspot for Brugian and Bancroftian filariasis. The efforts to combat Brugian filariasis in this region about two decades earlier led to notable decline in vector density and interruption of disease transmission. <b><i>Materials and Method:</i></b> A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Alappuzha district and 12 wards were selected using multistage random sampling method. An entomological survey was conducted in the selected wards. <b><i>Result:</i></b> Fourteen out of 69 Ma. annulifera were positive for filarial parasites. The average infection and infectivity rate was 20% and 0%. Molecular characterization of positive samples confirmed the parasites as Brugia malayi. Phylogenetic analysis of the isolates revealed that they belong to the same clade. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study highlights the importance of continued vector surveillance and timely intervention by appropriate vector control measures to prevent transmission of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bat Viral Shedding: A Review of Seasonal Patterns and Risk Factors.","authors":"Yannan Niu, Clifton D McKee","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0091","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Bats act as reservoirs for a variety of zoonotic viruses, sometimes leading to spillover into humans and potential risks of global transmission. Viral shedding from bats is an essential prerequisite to bat-to-human viral transmission and understanding the timing and intensity of viral shedding from bats is critical to mitigate spillover risks. However, there are limited investigations on bats' seasonal viral shedding patterns and their related risk factors. We conducted a comprehensive review of longitudinal studies on bat viruses with spillover potential to synthesize patterns of seasonal viral shedding and explore associated risk factors. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We extracted data from 60 reviewed articles and obtained 1085 longitudinal sampling events. We analyzed viral shedding events using entropy values to quantitatively assess whether they occur in a consistent, pulsed pattern in a given season. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found that clear seasonal shedding patterns were common in bats. Eight out of seventeen species-level analyses presented clear seasonal patterns. Viral shedding pulses often coincide with bats' life cycles, especially in weaning and parturition seasons. Juvenile bats with waning maternal antibodies, pregnant bats undergoing immunity changes, and hibernation periods with decreased immune responses could be potential risk factors influencing seasonal shedding patterns. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Based on our findings, we recommend future longitudinal studies on bat viruses that combine direct viral testing and serological testing, prioritize longitudinal research following young bats throughout their developmental stages, and broaden the geographical range of longitudinal studies on bat viruses based on current surveillance reports. Our review identified critical periods with heightened viral shedding for some viruses in bat species, which would help promote efforts to minimize spillovers and prevent outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Zoonotic Arboviruses in Ruffed Grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>) in the Upper Midwest, USA, 2018-2022.","authors":"Melanie R Kunkel, Daniel G Mead, Julie Melotti, Nancy Businga, Christopher Pollentier, Charlotte Roy, Michelle Carstensen, Kayla G Adcock, Mark G Ruder, Nicole M Nemeth","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0090","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are a taxonomically varied group of viruses that affect the health of many avian species, including the ruffed grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>), a popular upland game bird whose numbers are in decline in portions of its range. Hunter-harvested ruffed grouse tissue samples were tested for arboviruses during the 2018-2022 hunting seasons in Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, USA. A low percentage of harvested ruffed grouse were infected with West Nile virus (8/1892; 0.4%), eastern equine encephalitis virus (18/1892; 1.0%), and Highlands J virus (4/1892; 0.2%), and approximately half (16/30) of those infected had histologic cardiac lesions consistent with arboviral infection. Some ruffed grouse may be adversely affected following infection with these viruses, highlighting the need for increased awareness and continued surveillance, particularly in the face of additional stressors such as climate change, which may alter virus-vector-host dynamics, host susceptibility to arbovirus infections, and geographical distributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"314-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Under Future Climate Scenarios in Chuzhou, China.","authors":"Nan Li, Yuhao Li, Donglin Cheng, Longwei Li","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0115","DOIUrl":"10.1089/vbz.2024.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) poses a significant public health concern in China and has the potential for severe morbidity and mortality. Previous studies on SFTS have focused primarily on analyzing its incidence under existing climate conditions, often overlooking the impacts of future climate change on the disease's distribution. Moreover, the key factors influencing SFTS transmission identified in prior research are limited and lack a comprehensive consideration of multiple environmental and socioeconomic factors in specific regions. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this study, by utilizing SFTS case data from Chuzhou city alongside multisource environmental variables, the maximum entropy ecological niche (MaxEnt) model was employed to identify the key climatic factors influencing the distribution of SFTS. Risk areas were projected for the present and future climate scenarios, including shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP)126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results indicate that (1) precipitation in the driest quarter, elevation, and precipitation in the wettest month are the most critical variables; (2) potential risk areas are situated predominantly in the central hilly region, with the total area of medium- and high-risk zones measuring 5731.86 km², which accounts for 42.67% of the total area; (3) in future climate scenarios, the central-south and southwestern regions emerge as high-risk areas, with the maximum area of future high-risk zones reaching 6417.8398 km², projected for the 2030s under the SSP585 scenario; and (4) the current epicenter of the SFTS risk area is located in Zhang Baling town (118°12'23″E, 32°28'56″N). Under the SSP126 and SSP370 scenarios, the epicenter exhibits minimal movement, whereas significant shifts occur under the SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These findings provide essential insights for formulating scientifically grounded prevention and control strategies against SFTS in Chuzhou city.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"277-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}