Vector borne and zoonotic diseases最新文献

{"title":"Socio-Ecological Determinants of Zoonotic Waste Management Practices Among Urban Livestock Keepers in Dodoma Region, Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Sarah P Mweta, Dedius E Peter, Walter C Millanzi","doi":"10.1177/15303667261486631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15303667261486631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zoonotic diseases pose an escalating public health threat in rapidly urbanizing regions of low- and middle-income countries like Tanzania, where informal livestock keeping frequently intersects with inadequate municipal sanitation. Understanding livestock keepers' biosecurity practices and their underlying socio-ecological determinants is crucial for preventing cross-species disease transmission within a One Health framework, yet empirical evidence remains limited in expanding administrative capitals such as Dodoma Urban.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the socio-ecological determinants and biosecurity practices surrounding zoonotic waste management among livestock keepers in Dodoma Urban, Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based, cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 384 systematically sampled livestock keepers across urban and peri-urban wards. Data were gathered using a pretested, Swahili-translated structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using IBM SPSS (version 27.0) to identify independent predictors of safe waste management practices, controlling for potential confounders, with <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 384 livestock keepers participated in the study (mean age: 34.14 ± 7.162 years; 58% male). Overall, only 39.8% (<i>n</i> = 153) demonstrated good zoonotic waste management practices, with 60.9% (<i>n</i> = 234) relying on open dumping/burning and unmonitored waste accumulation. Multivariable modeling revealed that formal training on zoonotic waste management was significantly associated with good practice (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.78; 95% CI: 3.10-12.81; <i>p</i> < 0.001), followed by college/university education (AOR = 5.62; 95% CI: 2.73-10.55; <i>p</i> = 0.001) and vocational training (AOR = 3.11; 95% CI: 1.19-5.75; <i>p</i> = 0.011). Practicing zero-grazing (AOR = 5.23; <i>p</i> = 0.017), keeping poultry (AOR = 3.42; <i>p</i> = 0.010), and utilizing disposal methods like incineration (AOR = 4.11; <i>p</i> = 0.009) or composting pits (AOR = 2.89; <i>p</i> = 0.021) were also significantly associated with good zoonotic waste management practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Safe zoonotic waste management among urban livestock keepers in Dodoma remains critically low. Compliance is driven by a complex interplay of human capital, economic capacity, structural farming paradigms, and digital network engagement. Addressing these vulnerabilities requires moving beyond generic awareness toward multisectoral One Health strategies that combine targeted vocational training, digital health extension (mHealth), infrastructure incentives for zero-grazing, and local governmental biosecurity governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"15303667261486631"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Bartonella</i> and <i>Rickettsia</i> Seroreactivity among an Antenatal Cohort in 2020-2022 Central North Carolina: Prevalence and Birth Outcomes.","authors":"Haley A Abernathy, Diana Zychowski, Neha Mokashi, Dana Giandomenico, Edward Breitschwerdt, Bonnie Shook-Sa, Lisa Rahangdale, Ross Boyce","doi":"10.1177/15303667261486959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15303667261486959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Spotted fever group <i>Rickettsia</i> (SFGR) and <i>Bartonella henselae</i>are emerging pathogens with overlapping clinical presentation. Though they are transmitted by different vectors, both possess biologically plausible mechanisms for long-term disruption of vascular signaling and blood vessel function. The goal of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of <i>B. henselae</i> and SFGR antibodies among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics in Orange, Chatham, Alamance, Durham, Person, and Caswell Counties of North Carolina. This study also aimed to investigate potential associations between seroreactivity and adverse maternal or perinatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Remnant sera were collected from pregnant women undergoing routine antenatal care at UNC Health facilities between March 1, 2020, and June 30, 2022. From the available samples, we generated a representative cohort. Specimens underwent testing for SFGR and <i>B. henselae</i>-specific immunoglobulin G. Adjusted and unadjusted prevalence ratios of adverse outcomes were estimated and stratified by exposure status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 568 samples were tested. Antibody reactivity against SFGR was present in 9.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.8 - 11.5%) of the study population, while anti-<i>B. henselae</i> antibody reactivity was detected in 4.1% (95% CI: 2.4 - 5.7%). Adjusted prevalence ratios of adverse perinatal outcomes in seroreactive and nonreactive individuals ranged from 0.89 to 1.22.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that nearly 1-in-10 (9.2%) pregnant women in central NC have serological evidence of exposure to SFGR, while 1-in-25 (4.1%) have evidence of exposure to <i>Bartonella</i>. Though we did not find evidence of an association between seroreactivity and adverse outcomes, only a small number of individuals with adverse outcomes were seroreactive to either pathogen. Thus, larger samples will be needed to adequately measure the degree of association, if any exists, between perinatal outcomes and seroreactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"15303667261486959"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature Unlocks Inheritance: Indications of Vertical Transmission of Usutu Virus in <i>Culex pipiens</i> Bioform Molestus.","authors":"Verah Nafula Luande, Vincent Obanda, Aron Sasu, Aline Duguin, Anne-Gaelle Lucas, Lukas Wilkman, Miranda Bohlin, Dickson Anoibi Matthews, John Bosco Omony, Patrick I Chiyo, Simon Muriu, Bernard Agwanda, Anders Lindström, Tobias Lilja, Olivia Wesula Lwande","doi":"10.1177/15303667261455853","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261455853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging arbovirus transmitted predominantly by mosquitoes of the genus <i>Culex,</i> although several other genera, including <i>Aedes</i>, <i>Culiseta</i>, <i>Mansonia</i>, <i>Anopheles</i>, and <i>Coquillettidia</i>, have also been implicated as potential vectors. The virus was originally found in sub-Saharan Africa but is increasingly detected in Europe. While human infections are often asymptomatic, USUV has been linked to neuroinvasive disease. In temperate regions, where mosquito activity is seasonal, mechanisms enabling virus persistence are poorly understood. Vertical transmission has been proposed as a route for interepidemic maintenance, but experimental evidence remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether USUV can be vertically transmitted between mosquito generations and assess the effect of temperature on the vertical transmission rate in <i>Cx. pipiens</i> bioform molestus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Laboratory-reared <i>Cx. pipiens</i> bioform molestus were provided with a bloodmeal infected with USUV and maintained at either 27°C or 23.5°C. Infected females (F0) were allowed to oviposit, and two successive generations (F1 and F2) were reared. Individuals from all life stages were screened for USUV RNA using RT-qPCR. Infection prevalence and relative viral RNA quantification were compared between temperature conditions and generations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 27°C, the vertical transmission rate was high, with 94% (<i>n</i> = 30) of F₁ and 100% (<i>n</i> = 11) of F₂ adult mosquitoes testing positive, although USUV RNA was also detected in immature stages (eggs, larvae, and pupae). At 23.5°C, only one F₁ adult mosquito (1.25%) tested positive, with no infection detected in larvae or other immature stages and no F₂ infection was detected. Temperature had a significant effect on vertical transmission rate (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while differences between generations were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that vertical transmission of USUV in <i>Cx. pipiens</i> bioform molestus occurs at significantly higher rates at 27°C (94-100%) compared to 23.5°C (1.25%), suggesting temperature-dependent mechanisms specifically affecting vertical inheritance. While temperature effects on viral acquisition and dissemination are well-established, our experimental design specifically tests vertical transmission by examininginfection in F₁ and F₂ offspring that had no direct exposure to the virus, allowing us to distinguish vertical inheritance from horizontal transmissionprocesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"560-570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148240167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firefighter Involvement in Animal Disease Response in Poland: A Nationwide Descriptive Analysis.","authors":"Łukasz Dudziński, Marcin Weiner, Julia Grochowska, Tomasz Kubiak, Robert Gałązkowski, Łukasz Czyżewski","doi":"10.1177/15303667261452593","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261452593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study describes interventions carried out by fire protection units in support of selected animal disease control operations in Poland in 2022-2024.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study used operational data from the Decision Support System of the State Fire Service (DSS-SFS), provided by the Operational Planning Office. Records coded under the administrative event flag \"epizootics\" between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2024, were screened and then filtered on the basis of event descriptions to retain only interventions related to the animal disease events included in this analysis. Quantitative variables were described using the mean and standard deviation, and nonparametric tests were applied at a significance level of <i>p</i> < 0.05. The dataset was fully anonymized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2022-2024, firefighters were dispatched 452 times to events classified in the DSS-SFS under the administrative category \"epizootics\" and retained in the final analytical dataset. Three event types were identified: avian influenza, African swine fever, and American foulbrood. Intervention duration differed significantly between voivodeships, with the longest mean ranks observed in Podkarpackie and Zachodniopomorskie and the shortest in Świętokrzyskie and Mazowieckie. The largest pairwise difference was found between Świętokrzyskie and Zachodniopomorskie.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The analyzed records indicate that firefighter involvement in these events was primarily operational and supportive in nature. The most relevant findings were regional differences in intervention duration and greater vehicle deployment in avian influenza events, likely reflecting terrain conditions and the spatial scale of search activities. These data may support operational planning, but they do not allow conclusions about infectious or psychological health outcomes among firefighters.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"534-542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148035717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Confirmation and Sequencing of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Ticks in Armenia (2022-2024).","authors":"Arsen Manucharyan, Gayane Melik-Andreasyan, Stepan Atoyan, Ruben Danielyan","doi":"10.1177/15303667261449543","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261449543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an emerging tick-borne disease with a growing global distribution. In Armenia, 31 Ixodidae tick species have been identified, including <i>Hyalomma</i> species. While CCHF virus (CCHFV) was previously isolated from ticks in the 1970s, no further studies were conducted until 2016, when antibody to CCHFV was identified.This study aimed to update data on the Ixodidae tick species, detect CCHFV in collected specimens, and perform molecular characterization of viral lineages circulating in Armenia during 2022-2024.Epizootiological investigations were performed across all 10 regions of Armenia. Fieldwork involved the collection of Ixodidae ticks, followed by morphological identification and testing of specimens. A total of 550 animals (including cattle, sheep, and horses) and surrounding open habitats were surveyed, resulting in the collection of 3158 Ixodidae ticks representing 12 species. These samples were organized into 960 pools and tested via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for CCHFV. Viral RNA was detected in 96 pools, all originating from ticks collected from cattle and representing 8 species. Positive samples were confined to two regions: Syunik and Tavush. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of two CCHFV lineages in Armenia: Europe 1 (Subgroup V) and Europe 3 (Subgroup VII).Armenia's climatic and geographic diversity, expanding land use, population mobility, and growing tourism highlight the need for continued surveillance. The present identification of CCHFV in ticks in two regions emphasizes the importance of ongoing epizootiological monitoring and molecular characterization to assess the broader epidemic risk across the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"543-552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Japanese Encephalitis Vector Ecology, Host Serology, and Viral Genetic Characteristics in Hunan Province, China.","authors":"Rongjiao Liu, Fangling He, Juan Wang, Mingli Fang, Zhifei Zhan, Jing Xiang, Qiuzhong Luo, Xiaobo Ou, Yaru Xiong, Fangcai Li, Yi Huang, Liang Cai","doi":"10.1177/15303667261425602","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261425602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and transmission risk of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in Hunan Province by analyzing mosquito population distribution, piglet serological profiles, and the phylogenetic features of circulating JEV strains.<i>Methods:</i> Mosquito and piglet serum samples were collected from five prefecture-level cities in Hunan Province. Mosquito species were identified and their densities were measured. Piglet serum samples were tested for JEV antibodies. Detected JEV strains from mosquitoes were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was performed.<i>Results:</i> Culex pipiens pallens/quinquefasciatus (65.65%) and Culex tritaeniorhynchus(12.93%) were the dominant mosquito species. The highest mosquito density was observed in pigpens (26.0 mosquitoes/light trap-night). The JEV antibody positivity rate in piglets began to rise in June, peaked in September (83.33%), and lagged two months behind the peak mosquito density (June-July). A significant temporal correlation was found between piglet antibody positivity and mosquito density (*p* < 0.05). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all mosquito-derived JEV strains belonged to genotype I (GI), with 15-17 amino acid mutations in the E gene compared to the vaccine strain SA14-14-2.<i>Conclusion:</i> There is a persistent JEV transmission risk in Hunan Province. These findings provide critical insights for local vector control, vaccine optimization, and piglet immunization strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"571-579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisystem Detection and Molecular Evidence Linking Dog-Associated Ticks to Two Fatal Human SFTSV Infections in Thailand.","authors":"Sarawut Khongwichit, Sethapong Lertsakulbunlue, Nattapol Pruetpongpun, Warunya Youburee, Watchaporn Chuchaona, Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana, Seesai Yeesoonsang, Wichan Bhunyakitikorn, Piyada Linsuwanon, Alyssa Mann, Yong Poovorawan","doi":"10.1177/15303667261457401","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261457401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen responsible for severe and often fatal disease in East Asia; however, information from Southeast Asia remains limited. We report two fatal human SFTS cases in Thailand confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, in which viral RNA was detected in multiple specimen types from both patients, including plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, respiratory secretions, urine, and stool, indicating systemic infection. <i>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</i> ticks collected from pet dogs and from the patients' households also tested positive for SFTSV RNA, with cycle threshold values ranging from 15.6 to 30.6. Phylogenetic analyses based on the S, M, and L segments showed that sequences obtained from human and tick samples clustered within genotype B-1 and were closely related to previously reported Thai and related Chinese strains. These findings provide molecular evidence of SFTSV in dog-associated <i>R. sanguineus</i> ticks and suggest a possible epidemiological association with human cases; however, their role in transmission and the direction of transmission remain uncertain. These findings expand the known geographic and ecological context of SFTSV and underscore the importance of heightened clinical awareness and integrated human-animal-vector surveillance in Southeast Asia, particularly in dengue-endemic regions where SFTS may be clinically overlooked.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"553-559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological and Genetic Approaches in Mosquito Vector Control: Current Advances and Future Challenges.","authors":"Nikhat Khan, Muskan Jain, Aparup Das","doi":"10.1177/15303667261458181","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261458181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) continue to pose major public health challenges, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Conventional vector control strategies, including insecticide spraying, insecticide-treated bed nets, and larvicidal interventions, have substantially reduced disease burden; however, the emergence of insecticide resistance has compromised the long-term effectiveness of these approaches. Consequently, environmentally sustainable biological and genetic vector control methods are increasingly being explored as alternative strategies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This review comprehensively evaluates recent advances in biological and genetic approaches for mosquito vector control. The article synthesizes evidence from published laboratory, semi-field, and field studies on <i>Wolbachia</i>-mediated pathogen blocking, paratransgenesis using <i>Asaia</i> and <i>Serratia</i>, entomopathogenic fungi, and genetic control tools, including the sterile insect technique (SIT), incompatible insect technique (IIT), release of insects carrying a dominant lethal (RIDL), and CRISPR-Cas9-based gene drive systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple biological and genetic interventions demonstrated substantial reductions in mosquito populations and pathogen transmission under experimental and field conditions. Wolbachia-based systems, SIT, IIT, and RIDL approaches showed promising operational feasibility and field validation, whereas gene drive technologies exhibited strong transformative potential but remain largely experimental. However, significant challenges persist, including scalability, infrastructure requirements, ecological uncertainty, biosafety concerns, regulatory complexity, and ethical considerations. Comparative evaluation indicates that these approaches differ considerably in technological maturity, deployment readiness, and sustainability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Emerging biological and genetic vector control strategies represent promising alternatives to conventional insecticide-based approaches for sustainable VBD management. Rather than relying on a single universal intervention, context-specific integration of complementary approaches within existing integrated vector management frameworks, supported by community participation and effective governance, is likely to provide more durable and environmentally sustainable solutions for controlling vector-borne diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"521-533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Microfluidics Chips into Vector-Borne Disease Surveillance: Technological Breakthroughs and Persistent Hurdles.","authors":"Jun Feng, Lin Ai, Min Chen, Huan-Yu Wu","doi":"10.1177/15303667261484025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15303667261484025","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Vector-borne diseases (VBDs), such as malaria, dengue, and Zika virus infections, remain a critical global health burden, particularly in resource-limited regions. Conventional diagnostic methods, including microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and polymerase chain reaction, face significant limitations due to their reliance on centralized laboratories, lengthy processing times, and high operational costs, hindering timely disease management in remote or underserved areas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Microfluidic diagnostics have emerged as a transformative solution, offering portability, system integration, and high sensitivity through miniaturized fluidic control and multiplexed detection capabilities. These devices enable rapid, on-site diagnosis by combining sample preparation, target amplification, and signal readout into a single chip, aligning with the growing demand for point-of-care testing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This review was conducted following a systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from January 2010 to June 2026. Search terms included combinations of \"microfluidic,\" \"lab-on-a-chip,\" \"point-of-care,\" \"vector-borne disease,\" \"malaria,\" \"dengue,\" \"Zika,\" \"West Nile virus,\" \"Lyme disease,\" and \"CRISPR.\" Inclusion criteria were (1) peer-reviewed articles reporting microfluidic chip applications for VBD pathogen detection or vector surveillance; (2) studies describing field-deployable or clinically validated platforms; and (3) publications in English. Exclusion criteria included purely theoretical modeling studies without experimental validation and nonchip-based microfluidic systems. A total of 87 studies were selected for qualitative synthesis after title/abstract screening and full-text evaluation. We critically evaluate real-world application scenarios, including field deployments for malaria surveillance in Uganda and outbreak responses to arboviral infections in Brazil and Southeast Asia, while addressing persistent translational barriers such as manufacturing standardization, sample pretreatment complexity, and cost-effectiveness.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Key findings demonstrate the successful integration of sample-to-answer workflows on miniaturized platforms, achieving significant reductions in detection time and operational dependencies compared with conventional laboratory methods. Critical challenges identified include manufacturing scalability for resource-limited settings, complex sample pretreatment requirements, and the pressing need for cost reduction to ensure sustainable deployment in endemic regions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This review aims to explore emerging integration strategies beyond conventional diagnostics, focusing on approaches such as CRISPR-based assays, artificial intelligence-driven image analysis, and scalable manufacturing processes to strengthen global VBD control networks and improve cl","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"15303667261484025"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148867182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological Evidence of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus (TBEV) Exposure Among Hospitalized Neurological Patients in Israel, 2010-2019.","authors":"Ilana S Fratty, Ravit Koren, Shiri Katz-Likvornik, Osnat Halpern, Mayan Yezchaki, Aharona Glatman-Freedman, Hana Zelena, Victoria Indenbaum, Yaniv Lustig","doi":"10.1177/15303667261479500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15303667261479500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an important cause of neuroinvasive infection in Europe and Asia. Israel is considered nonendemic, yet travel-associated cases have been reported.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sera from hospitalized neurological patients in Israel (2010-2019) were screened for TBEV IgG antibodies. Positive/borderline results were confirmed by virus neutralization testing (VNT) against both TBEV and West Nile Virus (WNV). Confirmed TBEV-neutralizing sera were tested for anti-TBEV IgG and IgM by immunofluorescence assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 12,651 suspected meningitis/encephalitis cases, 1,280 (10.1%) were screened. Sixty-three were ELISA-IgG positive/borderline (4.9%), and VNT confirmed TBEV neutralization in 9 (0.7% of the 1,280 patients). West Nile Virus (WNV) Virus neutralization test (VNT) was positive in 51/63 samples. Two samples neutralized both viruses. All TBEV VNT-positive sera were IgM-negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Confirmed TBEV exposure was rare with no evidence of missed acute TBE infection. Most apparent TBEV ELISA reactivity reflected WNV cross-reactivity. Parallel VNT against WNV and TBEV is essential in WNV-endemic countries for accurate TBEV diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"15303667261479500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}