Vision Research最新文献_第6页

Pupillometry indexes ocular dominance plasticity 瞳孔测量法是眼球优势可塑性的指标。

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108449

Miriam Acquafredda, Paola Binda

{"title":"Pupillometry indexes ocular dominance plasticity","authors":"Miriam Acquafredda, Paola Binda","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Short-term monocular deprivation in normally sighted adult humans produces a transient shift of ocular dominance, boosting the deprived eye. This effect has been documented with both perceptual tests and through physiological recordings, but no previous study simultaneously measured physiological responses and the perceptual effects of deprivation. Here we propose an integrated experimental paradigm that combines binocular rivalry with pupillometry, to introduce an objective physiological index of ocular dominance plasticity, acquired concurrently with perceptual testing. Ten participants reported the perceptual dynamics of binocular rivalry, while we measured pupil diameter. Stimuli were a white and a black disk, each presented monocularly. Rivalry dynamics and pupil-size traces were compared before and after 2 h of monocular deprivation, achieved by applying a translucent patch over the dominant eye. Consistent with prior research, we observed that monocular deprivation boosts the deprived-eye signal and consequently increases ocular dominance. In line with previous studies, we also observed subtle but systematic modulations of pupil size that tracked alternations between exclusive dominance phases of the black or white disk. Following monocular deprivation, the amplitude of these pupil-size modulations increased, which is consistent with the post-deprivation boost of the deprived eye and the increase of ocular dominance. This provides evidence that deprivation impacts the effective strength of monocular visual stimuli, coherently affecting perceptual reports and the automatic and unconscious regulation of pupil diameter. Our results show that a combined paradigm of binocular rivalry and pupillometry gives new insights into the physiological mechanisms underlying deprivation effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698924000932/pdfft?md5=4d2a5581650daf41ab929b81bbb2caf3&pid=1-s2.0-S0042698924000932-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low luminance contrast’s effect on the color appearance of S-cone patterns 低亮度对比对 S 锥形图案色彩外观的影响

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108448

Robert Shapley , Valerie Nunez , James Gordon

{"title":"Low luminance contrast’s effect on the color appearance of S-cone patterns","authors":"Robert Shapley , Valerie Nunez , James Gordon","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2024.108448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a surprisingly strong effect on color appearance when low levels of luminance contrast are added to visual targets in which only S-cones are modulated. This phenomenon can be studied with checkerboard patterns composed of alternating S-cone-modulated checks and gray checks. + S checks look purple when surrounded by slightly brighter gray checks but look highly desaturated (lavender, almost white) when surrounded by darker gray checks. −S checks change in hue with luminance contrast; they look yellow when surrounded by darker gray checks but are greener when surrounded by lighter checks. Psychophysical paired comparisons confirm these perceptions. Furthermore, visual evoked potentials (VEPs) recorded from human posterior cortex indicate that signals evoked by low luminance contrast interact nonlinearly with S-cone-evoked signals in early cortical color processing. Our new psychophysics and electrophysiology results prove that human perception of color appearance is not based on neural computations within a separate, isolated color system. Rather, signals evoked by color contrast and luminance contrast interact to produce the colors we see.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The genomic evolution of visual opsin genes in amphibians 两栖动物视觉蛋白基因的基因组进化

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108447

Jinn-Jy Lin , Feng-Yu Wang , Wen-Yu Chung , Tzi-Yuan Wang

{"title":"The genomic evolution of visual opsin genes in amphibians","authors":"Jinn-Jy Lin , Feng-Yu Wang , Wen-Yu Chung , Tzi-Yuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2024.108447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Among tetrapod (terrestrial) vertebrates, amphibians remain more closely tied to an amphibious lifestyle than amniotes, and their visual opsin genes may be adapted to this lifestyle. Previous studies have discussed physiological, morphological, and molecular changes in the evolution of amphibian vision. We predicted the locations of the visual opsin genes, their neighboring genes, and the tuning sites of the visual opsins, in 39 amphibian genomes. We found that all of the examined genomes lacked the <em>Rh2</em> gene. The caecilian genomes have further lost the <em>SWS1</em> and <em>SWS2</em> genes; only the <em>Rh1</em> and <em>LWS</em> genes were retained. The loss of the <em>SWS1</em> and <em>SWS2</em> genes in caecilians may be correlated with their cryptic lifestyles. The opsin gene syntenies were predicted to be highly similar to those of other bony vertebrates. Moreover, dual syntenies were identified in allotetraploid <em>Xenopus laevis</em> and <em>X. boreali</em>s. Tuning site analysis showed that only some Caudata species might have UV vision. In addition, the S164A that occurred several times in LWS evolution might either functionally compensate for the <em>Rh2</em> gene loss or fine-tuning visual adaptation. Our study provides the first genomic evidence for a caecilian <em>LWS</em> gene and a genomic viewpoint of visual opsin genes by reviewing the gains and losses of visual opsin genes, the rearrangement of syntenies, and the alteration of spectral tuning in the course of amphibians’ evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The development of meridional anisotropies in neurotypical children with and without astigmatism: Electrophysiological and psychophysical findings 有散光和无散光的神经畸形儿童子午线各向异性的发展：电生理学和心理物理学发现

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108439

Tiong Peng Yap , Chi D. Luu , Catherine M. Suttle , Audrey Chia , Mei Ying Boon

{"title":"The development of meridional anisotropies in neurotypical children with and without astigmatism: Electrophysiological and psychophysical findings","authors":"Tiong Peng Yap , Chi D. Luu , Catherine M. Suttle , Audrey Chia , Mei Ying Boon","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2024.108439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is important to understand the development of meridional anisotropies in neurotypical children since those with poor visual development, such as amblyopia, can have different patterns of meridional anisotropies. While the oblique effect is usually observed in adults, neurotypical children who have normal 20/20 visual acuity tend to demonstrate a horizontal effect electrophysiologically. In this longitudinal study, orientation-specific visual evoked potentials (osVEPs) and psychophysical grating acuity were used to investigate the changes in the meridional anisotropies in children aged 3.8 to 9.2 years over two visits averaging four months apart. While it was hypothesized that the electrophysiological horizontal effect may shift towards an oblique effect, it was found that the electrophysiological horizontal effect persisted to be present in response to the suprathreshold moderate contrast 4 cycles-per-degree grating stimuli. Psychophysical grating acuity, however, demonstrated an oblique effect when assessed binocularly. In addition, a significant effect of visit, representing an increase in the average age over this period, was observed in the average osVEP C3 amplitudes (4.5 μV) and psychophysical grating acuity (0.28 octaves or approximately 1-line on the logMAR chart). These findings are relevant when evaluating amblyopia treatments and interventions, as it confirms the necessity to take into account of the effect of normal maturation and learning effects when evaluating young children. Special attention should also be given to children with early-onset myopia and high astigmatism even when their visual acuity is 20/20 as the electrophysiological findings are suggestive of poor visual development, which warrants further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004269892400083X/pdfft?md5=26f2182809b736e1b11a7b10fa0810ce&pid=1-s2.0-S004269892400083X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141423293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How the orientation of the color gamut of natural scenes influences color discrimination in red-green dichromacy 自然场景色域的方向如何影响红-绿二色性的色彩辨别。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108435

Dora N. Marques, Sérgio M.C. Nascimento

{"title":"How the orientation of the color gamut of natural scenes influences color discrimination in red-green dichromacy","authors":"Dora N. Marques, Sérgio M.C. Nascimento","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In natural scenes, visual discrimination of colored surfaces by individuals with X-linked dichromacy is known to be only a little poorer than in normal trichromacy. This surprising result may be related to the properties of the colors of these scenes, like the shape and orientation of the color gamut, uneven frequency, and a considerable variation in lightness. It is unclear, however, how much each of these factors contributes to the small impairment in discrimination, in particular, what is the contribution of the orientation of the gamut. We measured the discrimination of colors from natural scenes by six normal trichromats and six dichromats. Colors were drawn either from the original color gamut of the scenes or from gamut-rotated versions of the scenes. Pairs of colors were randomly drawn from hyperspectral images of one rural and one urban environment and presented on a screen. As expected, dichromats were only a little poorer than normal trichromats at discrimination but the disadvantage varied systematically with the orientation of the color gamut by a factor of about three with a minimum around a yellow-green axis. Dichromats also took longer to respond, and the response times were modulated with the orientation of the color gamut in a similar way as the loss in discrimination. For the scenes tested here, these results imply an important impact of the orientation of the gamut on discrimination. They also indicate that the predominantly yellow-blue orientation of the gamut of natural scene might not be optimal for discrimination in dichromacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complexity of mental geometry for 3D pose perception 三维姿势感知的心理几何复杂性

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108438

Crystal Guo, Akihito Maruya, Qasim Zaidi

{"title":"Complexity of mental geometry for 3D pose perception","authors":"Crystal Guo, Akihito Maruya, Qasim Zaidi","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2024.108438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biological visual systems rely on pose estimation of 3D objects to navigate and interact with their environment, but the neural mechanisms and computations for inferring 3D poses from 2D retinal images are only partially understood, especially where stereo information is missing. We previously presented evidence that humans infer the poses of 3D objects lying centered on the ground by using the geometrical back-transform from retinal images to viewer-centered world coordinates. This model explained the almost veridical estimation of poses in real scenes and the illusory rotation of poses in obliquely viewed pictures, which includes the “pointing out of the picture” phenomenon. Here we test this model for more varied configurations and find that it needs to be augmented. Five observers estimated poses of sloped, elevated, or off-center 3D sticks in each of 16 different poses displayed on a monitor in frontal and oblique views. Pose estimates in scenes and pictures showed remarkable accuracy and agreement between observers, but with a systematic fronto-parallel bias for oblique poses similar to the ground condition. The retinal projection of the pose of an object sloped wrt the ground depends on the slope. We show that observers’ estimates can be explained by the back-transform derived for close to the correct slope. The back-transform explanation also applies to obliquely viewed pictures and to off-center objects and elevated objects, making it more likely that observers use internalized perspective geometry to make 3D pose inferences while actively incorporating inferences about other aspects of object placement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141290565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Retinal response to light exposure in BEST1-mutant dogs evaluated with ultra-high resolution OCT” [Vis. Res. 218 (2024) 108379] 利用超高分辨率光学视网膜成像技术评估 BEST1 突变体狗视网膜对光照射的反应》[Vis. Res. 218 (2024) 108379]的更正。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108437

Vivian Wu , Malgorzata Swider , Alexander Sumaroka , Valerie L. Dufour , Joseph E. Vance , Tomas S. Aleman , Gustavo D. Aguirre , William A. Beltran , Artur V. Cideciyan

引用次数: 0

The word superiority effect overcomes crowding 词语优势效应克服了拥挤现象。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108436

June Cutler , Alexandre Bodet , Josée Rivest , Patrick Cavanagh

{"title":"The word superiority effect overcomes crowding","authors":"June Cutler , Alexandre Bodet , Josée Rivest , Patrick Cavanagh","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Crowding and the word superiority effect are two perceptual phenomena that influence reading. The identification of the inner letters of a word can be hindered by crowding from adjacent letters, but it can be facilitated by the word context itself (the word superiority effect). In the present study, strings of four-letters (words and non-words) with different inter-letter spacings (ranging from an optimal spacing to produce crowding to a spacing too large to produce crowding) were presented briefly in the periphery and participants were asked to identify the third letter of the string. Each word had a partner word that was identical except for its third letter (e.g., COLD, CORD) so that guessing as the source of the improved performance for words could be ruled out. Unsurprisingly, letter identification accuracy for words was better than non-words. For non-words, it was lowest at closer spacings, confirming crowding. However, for words, accuracy remained high at all inter-letter spacings showing that crowding did not prevent identification of the inner letters. This result supports models of “holistic” word recognition where partial cues can lead to recognition without first identifying individual letters. Once the word is recognized, its inner letters can be recovered, despite their feature loss produced by crowding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141184789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling enigmatic essence of Sphingolipids: A promising avenue for glaucoma treatment 揭开鞘磷脂的神秘面纱：治疗青光眼的希望之路

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108434

Igor Iezhitsa, Renu Agarwal, Puneet Agarwal

{"title":"Unveiling enigmatic essence of Sphingolipids: A promising avenue for glaucoma treatment","authors":"Igor Iezhitsa, Renu Agarwal, Puneet Agarwal","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Treatment of glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness, remains challenging. The apoptotic loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma is the pathological hallmark. Current treatments often remain suboptimal as they aim to halt RGC loss secondary to reduction of intraocular pressure. The pathophysiological targets for exploring direct neuroprotective approaches, therefore are highly relevant. Sphingolipids have emerged as significant target molecules as they are not only the structural components of various cell constituents, but they also serve as signaling molecules that regulate molecular pathways involved in cell survival and death. Investigations have shown that a critical balance among various sphingolipid species, particularly the ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate play a role in deciding the fate of the cell. In this review we briefly discuss the metabolic interconversion of sphingolipid species to get an insight into “sphingolipid rheostat”, the dynamic balance among metabolites. Further we highlight the role of sphingolipids in the key pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to glaucomatous loss of RGCs. Lastly, we summarize the potential drug candidates that have been investigated for their neuroprotective effects in glaucoma via their effects on sphingolipid axis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 108434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sophie Wuerger obituary 索菲-武尔格讣告

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108425

Jasna Martinovic, Simon Cropper, Andrew Stockman

引用次数: 0