Vision Research最新文献

{"title":"Short-term visual adaptation to body shape induces sustained aftereffect on body size estimation","authors":"Xiaohui Sang ,&nbsp;Xue Dong ,&nbsp;Min Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visual adaptation to thin or large bodies was found to shift the subjective body normality towards the adapting body shape. Here we investigated the persistency of such adaptation effect by tracking the timecourse of decay of short-term body size adaptation in young healthy Chinese women. Participants adapted to contracted or expanded body images of unfamiliar female volunteers with a top-up paradigm. Their subjective point of normal body size (PNS) was measured before, immediately after and 10/20/30 min after adaptation. The results showed that about 12 min of adaptation to contracted or expanded body stimuli could shift participants’ estimations of body normality towards the adapting body shape, with the effect sustaining for more than 30 min after the end of adaptation. In addition, by fitting the timecourse of decay of adaptation with the exponential, power or logarithmic functions, we found that the recovery of body size adaptation effect could be best described with the logarithmic models. These findings indicated that short-term exposure to distorted body shapes of other people could lead to a lingering bias on body size estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 108538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theory of morphodynamic information processing: Linking sensing to behaviour","authors":"Mikko Juusola ,&nbsp;Jouni Takalo ,&nbsp;Joni Kemppainen ,&nbsp;Keivan Razban Haghighi ,&nbsp;Ben Scales ,&nbsp;James McManus ,&nbsp;Alice Bridges ,&nbsp;HaDi MaBouDi ,&nbsp;Lars Chittka","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The traditional understanding of brain function has predominantly focused on chemical and electrical processes. However, new research in fruit fly (<em>Drosophila</em>) binocular vision reveals ultrafast photomechanical photoreceptor movements significantly enhance information processing, thereby impacting a fly’s perception of its environment and behaviour. The coding advantages resulting from these mechanical processes suggest that similar physical motion-based coding strategies may affect neural communication ubiquitously. The theory of neural morphodynamics proposes that rapid biomechanical movements and microstructural changes at the level of neurons and synapses enhance the speed and efficiency of sensory information processing, intrinsic thoughts, and actions by regulating neural information in a phasic manner. We propose that morphodynamic information processing evolved to drive predictive coding, synchronising cognitive processes across neural networks to match the behavioural demands at hand effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 108537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Polar Saccadic Flow model: Re-modeling the center bias from fixations to saccades","authors":"Rotem Mairon,&nbsp;Ohad Ben-Shahar","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research indicates that a significant component of human eye movement behavior constitutes a set of consistent biases independent of visual content, the most well-known of which is the central bias. While all prior art focuses on representing saccadic motion and biases in Cartesian retinotopic coordinates, here we propose the Polar Saccadic Flow model, a novel approach for modeling saccades’ space-dependent biases in a polar representation. By breaking saccades into orientation and amplitude, the Polar Saccadic Flow model enables more accurate modeling of these components, leading also to a better understanding of the saccadic bias. Moreover, the polar representation also uncovers hitherto unknown patterns and biases in eye movement data, allowing for a more detailed and nuanced analysis of saccadic behavior. These findings have implications for the study of human visual perception, can help to develop more accurate eye movement models, and also may improve eye tracking technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing the memory encoding cost theory using the multiple cues paradigm","authors":"Jian Li ,&nbsp;Huixin Song ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Huang ,&nbsp;Yingtao Fu ,&nbsp;Chenxiao Guan ,&nbsp;Luo Chen ,&nbsp;Mowei Shen ,&nbsp;Hui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent developments have introduced the Memory Encoding Cost (MEC) theory to explain the role of attention in exogenous spatial cueing effects. According to this theory, the cost effect (when comparing invalid to neutral cues) arises from attentional suppression resulting from memory encoding of the cue. Conversely, the benefit effect (when comparing valid to neutral cues) is thought to result from a combination of attentional facilitation caused by the cue and encoding-related attentional suppression. This study tests the MEC theory by investigating whether encoding-induced cost increases as the number of cues presented increases. In Experiment 1, participants identified a target letter, which was occasionally preceded by one or three exogenous cues. The results showed that multiple cues resulted in a larger cost effect and a smaller (or even reversed) benefit effect compared to a single cue. This asymmetry between cost and benefit effects was consistently observed across experiments, even when controlling for factors like forward masking and target salience in Experiment 2, or using placeholders as in prior research in Experiment 3. These findings are more consistent with the MEC theory than with traditional attention models. In conclusion, our results provide strong support for the MEC theory, highlighting the importance of both attentional facilitation and encoding-induced suppression in explaining exogenous spatial cueing effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Number is more than meets the eye: Unveiling segmentation mechanisms in numerosity perception with visual illusions","authors":"Andrea Adriano ,&nbsp;Michaël Vande Velde","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animals and humans possess an adaptive ability to rapidly estimate approximate numerosity, yet the visual mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly understood. Evidence suggests that approximate numerosity relies on segmented perceptual units modulated by grouping cues, with perceived numerosity decreasing when objects are connected by irrelevant lines, independent of low-level features. However, most studies have focused on physical objects.</div><div>Illusory contours (ICs) are powerful tools for exploring visual segmentation mechanisms, as “illusory” objects exhibit perceptual biases (e.g., tilt aftereffect) similar to real objects, suggesting shared processing mechanisms. To investigate whether approximate numerosity perception of ICs is influenced by connectedness, we conducted a psychophysical forced-choice task. Participants compared Ehrenstein-like ICs ensembles of varying numerosities interspersed with four task-irrelevant lines. We manipulated the number of connected pairs (0, 2, or 4) by aligning lines with the ICs-triggering gaps, while controlling low-level features across conditions. Our results revealed a monotonic underestimation of numerosity as connections increased, with constant precision reflecting Weber-like encoding. Reaction times proportionally increased with connectedness, suggesting an underlying recurrent neural mechanism. These findings demonstrate that ICs ensembles are subject to the same connectedness effect as real objects, supporting a shared visual mechanism for numerosity extraction.</div><div>This work highlights the parallels between real and illusory object processing and provides insights into segmentation mechanisms relevant to models of artificial intelligence and visual perception.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coloured overlays improve reading speed and reading experience in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome","authors":"Kajsa Gode ,&nbsp;Sarah Weström ,&nbsp;Jan Johansson","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High prevalences of visual dysfunction and reading-related symptoms have been found in patients with rehabilitation needs after COVID-19 infection. The purpose of this study was to study the effects of coloured overlays on reading speed and reading experience. Twenty-nine patients (45.2 ± 11.3 years) with reading- and vision-related impairments after Covid-19 infection were included. Symptoms were assessed with the Visual Discomfort Scale and Mental Fatigue Scale. A visual function assessment was performed by a licensed optometrist. Coloured overlays were tried out individually and the Wilkins Rate of Reading test was used to measure the effect on reading speed in words per minute (wpm). The mean reading speed with overlays was 133.1 ± 37.2 and 124.9 ± 39.6 wpm without (t = 3.7, df = 28, p &lt; 0.01). Fifteen patients (51.7 %) read faster by median 9.9 % (5.0–70.8 %). Most of the patients (83.3 %) experienced positive visuo-perceptual effects when using the overlay. A high prevalence of visual function problems was found. The Visual Discomfort Scale score was positively correlated with Mental Fatigue Scale score (r = 0.67, p &lt; 0.01) and improvement in reading speed (r = 0.48, p = 0.03). The overlays showed promise as a means for alleviating visual discomfort and improve reading speed. Additional findings suggest that interventions targeting visual function and mental fatigue also need to be considered. The improvement in reading with the overlays and its positive correlation with visual discomfort score seem consistent with the attribution of reading difficulty and perceptual distortion to cortical hyperexcitability, a feature that have been indicated after Covid-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photic drive response in people with epilepsy: Exploring the interaction with background alpha rhythm","authors":"Eman N. Ali ,&nbsp;Christian J. Lueck ,&nbsp;Kate L. Martin ,&nbsp;Angela Borbelj ,&nbsp;Ted Maddess","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photic drive responses (PDRs) are used to explore cortical hyperexcitability. We quantified PDRs and interactions with the alpha rhythm in people with epilepsy (PwE). Fifteen PwE (mean age ± SD 47.3 ± 4.6 years; 8 males), and 15 control subjects (mean age 52.7 ± 4.6 years; 9 males) underwent EEG with modified intermittent photic stimulation (IPS). The modification allowed so-called <em>alpha-band gain</em> to be measured. None of the PwE had demonstrated photosensitivity. The modified IPS method alternated eyes-open and eyes–closed conditions with and without IPS. The alpha-band gain appeared as N-fold changes in PDR when IPS (or its harmonics) and the alpha-bands overlapped. An epileptic attack within 1 month of testing significantly increased alpha-band gain by 1.36×. Generalised epilepsy (but not focal epilepsy) significantly decreased alpha-band gain y 0.79×. Each decade of age beyond the mean age significantly increased alpha-band gain by 1.09×. Similar significant interactions were seen between alpha and the second harmonic of IPS driving frequencies that matched alpha frequencies, <em>i.e.</em> for recent attack and, generalized epilepsy. The interactions thus appeared to be occurring between cortical IPS outputs and the alpha generator. These changes were most evident at electrodes O1 and O2. Investigating alpha-band gain using modified IPS offers a way to quantify cortical hyperexcitability in epilepsy and other diseases. It also provides new information about alpha and so too predictive coding, which appears to be at least partly governed by alpha.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Face age modulates face ensemble coding","authors":"Shenli Peng,&nbsp;Tianhui Liu,&nbsp;Yi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research has demonstrated that humans possess the remarkable ability to swiftly extract ensemble statistics, specifically the average identity, from sets of stimuli, such as facial crowds. This phenomenon is known as ensemble perception. Although previous studies have investigated how physiognomic features like gender and race influence face ensemble perception, the impact of face age on face ensemble coding performance remains a relatively unexplored area. Here, we demonstrated ensemble coding of multiple faces in terms of an average face was impacted by face age. In both Experiment 1 and 2, adult participants viewed sets of four faces that were of either own-age or other-age and then judged whether the subsequently presented probe face was present or not in the preceding set. The other-age faces were manipulated as older faces in Experiment 1 and baby faces in Experiment 2. The results suggested participants incorrectly endorsed a morphed set average to be the member of the set, pointing to face ensemble coding ability. Furthermore, the results of Experiment 1 revealed adult participants displayed an own-age superiority when other-age faces were manipulated as older faces, however, the results of Experiment 2 found when other-age faces were manipulated as baby faces, participants displayed stronger visual averaging tendency towards other-age faces rather own-age faces, showing a babyface effect. Together, the present research provided initial evidence that face ensemble coding performance was modulated by face age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual comfort models based on coloured text and neutral background combinations","authors":"Zhenzhen Li,&nbsp;Yu Liu,&nbsp;Yuechen Zhu,&nbsp;Ming Ronnier Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reading on mobile phones can cause visual discomfort, negatively affecting visual health. Most studies have focused on neutral text-background combinations, with limited validation for coloured text-background combinations. This study investigates the impact of coloured text on neutral backgrounds and the colour difference between text and background on visual comfort during digital reading. A psychophysical experiment was conducted, where 230 images of coloured text on neutral backgrounds were evaluated by 20 participants using a 6-point scale for visual comfort. Results showed that reading coloured text on a black background generally provided higher comfort compared to a white background. Additionally, visual comfort decreased as the text colour approached that of the background. The effect of text hue on comfort was not significant. Furthermore, several visual comfort models for mobile displays were developed and compared. The VC_1-LAB model is based on Bern’s attributes, while the VC_2-LAB model focuses on the lightness of text and background. The VC_3-LAB model includes both lightness and chroma attributes. Comparisons revealed that VC_3-LAB outperformed the others in predicting visual comfort, highlighting the importance of lightness and chroma in improving predictive accuracy. Therefore, the VC_3-LAB model is useful for evaluating the visual comfort of coloured text on neutral backgrounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 108524"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trans-saccadic integration for object recognition peters out with pre-saccadic object eccentricity as target-directed saccades become more saliency-driven","authors":"Junhao Liang,&nbsp;Li Zhaoping","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bringing objects from peripheral locations to fovea via saccades facilitates their recognition. Human observers integrate pre- and post-saccadic information for recognition. This integration has only been investigated using instructed saccades to prescribed locations. Typically, the target has a fixed pre-saccadic location in an uncluttered scene and is viewed by a pre-determined post-saccadic duration. Consequently, whether trans-saccadic integration is limited or absent when the pre-saccadic target eccentricity is too large in cluttered scenes in unknown. Our study revealed this limit during visual exploration, when observers decided themselves when and to where to make their saccades. We asked thirty observers (400 trials each) to find and report as quickly as possible a target amongst 404 non-targets in an image spanning <span><math><mrow><mn>57</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>°</mo><mo>×</mo><mn>33</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> in visual angle. We measured the target’s pre-saccadic eccentricity <span><math><mi>e</mi></math></span>, the duration <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> of the fixation before the saccade, and the post-saccadic foveal viewing duration <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. This <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> increased with <span><math><mi>e</mi></math></span> before starting to saturate around eccentricity <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>°</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>20</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>. Meanwhile, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> increased much more slowly with <span><math><mi>e</mi></math></span> and started decreasing before <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. These observations imply the following at sufficiently large pre-saccadic eccentricities: the trans-saccadic integration ceases, target recognition relies exclusively on post-saccadic foveal vision, decision to saccade to the target relies exclusively on target saliency rather than identification. These implications should be applicable to general behavior, although <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> should depend on object and scene properties. They are consistent with the Central-peripheral Dichotomy that central and peripheral vision are specialized for seeing and looking, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 108500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}