Vision Research最新文献_第10页

Detection of emotional faces: The role of spatial frequencies and local features 情绪面孔的检测:空间频率和局部特征的作用

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108281

Léa Entzmann , Nathalie Guyader , Louise Kauffmann , Carole Peyrin , Martial Mermillod

{"title":"Detection of emotional faces: The role of spatial frequencies and local features","authors":"Léa Entzmann , Nathalie Guyader , Louise Kauffmann , Carole Peyrin , Martial Mermillod","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Models of emotion processing suggest that threat-related stimuli such as fearful faces can be detected based on the rapid extraction of low spatial frequencies. However, this remains debated as other models argue that the decoding of facial expressions occurs with a more flexible use of spatial frequencies. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of spatial frequencies and differences in luminance contrast between spatial frequencies, on the detection of facial emotions. We used a saccadic choice task in which emotional-neutral face pairs were presented and participants were asked to make a saccade toward the neutral or the emotional (happy or fearful) face. Faces were displayed either in low, high, or broad spatial frequencies. Results showed that participants were better to saccade toward the emotional face. They were also better for high or broad than low spatial frequencies, and the accuracy was higher with a happy target. An analysis of the eye and mouth saliency of</span> <!-->our stimuli revealed that the mouth saliency of the target correlates with participants’ performance. Overall, this study underlines the importance of local more than global information, and of the saliency of the mouth region in the detection of emotional and neutral faces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9972306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An eye for detail: Eye movements and attention at the foveal scale 观察细节的眼睛：在中央凹尺度上的眼球运动和注意力。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108277

Martina Poletti

引用次数: 1

Monocular information for perceiving large egocentric distance: A comparison between monocularly blind patients and normally sighted observers 感知大的自我中心距离的单眼信息：单眼盲患者和正常视力观察者的比较

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108279

Le Gao , Yiru Huang , Yuning Zhang , Xinyi Zhang , Zitian Liu , Jing S. Pan , Minbin Yu

{"title":"Monocular information for perceiving large egocentric distance: A comparison between monocularly blind patients and normally sighted observers","authors":"Le Gao , Yiru Huang , Yuning Zhang , Xinyi Zhang , Zitian Liu , Jing S. Pan , Minbin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The debate surrounding the advantages of binocular versus monocular vision has persisted for decades. This study aimed to investigate whether individuals with monocular vision loss could accurately and precisely perceive large egocentric distances in real-world environments, under natural viewing conditions, comparable to those with normal vision. A total of 49 participants took part in the study, divided into three groups based on their viewing conditions. Two experiments were conducted to assess the accuracy and precision of estimating egocentric distances to visual targets and the coordination of actions during blind walking. In Experiment 1, participants were positioned in both a hallway and a large open field, tasked with judging the midpoint of self-to-target distances spanning from 5 to 30 m. Experiment 2 involved a blind walking task, where participants attempted to walk towards the same targets without visual or environmental feedback at an unusually rapid pace. The findings revealed that perceptual accuracy and precision were primarily influenced by the environmental context, motion condition, and target distance, rather than the visual conditions. Surprisingly, individuals with monocular vision loss demonstrated comparable accuracy and precision in perceiving egocentric distances to that of individuals with normal vision.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9981397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeted reaching with monocular depth information and haptic feedback: Comparing between monocular patients and normally sighted observers 单目深度信息和触觉反馈的目标到达：单目患者和正常视力观察者之间的比较

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108274

Le Gao , Zitian Liu , Zidong Chen , Jing S. Pan , Minbin Yu

{"title":"Targeted reaching with monocular depth information and haptic feedback: Comparing between monocular patients and normally sighted observers","authors":"Le Gao , Zitian Liu , Zidong Chen , Jing S. Pan , Minbin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monocular blindness impairs visual depth perception, yet patients seldom report difficulties in targeted actions like reaching, walking, or driving. We hypothesized that by utilizing monocular depth information and calibrating actions with haptic feedback, monocular patients can perceive egocentric distance and perform targeted actions. We compared targeted reaching in monocular patients, monocular-viewing, and binocular-viewing normal controls. Sixty observers reached either a far or a near target, calibrating reaches to the near target with accurate or false feedback while leaving reaches to the far target uncalibrated. Reaching accuracy and precision were analyzed. Results indicated no difference in reaching accuracy between monocular patients and normal controls; all groups initially underestimated distances before until calibration. Monocular patients responded to calibration sensitively, achieving accuracy in calibrated reaches and generalizing this effect to uncalibrated distances. Thus, with monocular depth information and haptic feedback, monocular patients could perceive distance and accomplish targeted reaching.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9983916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eye movements in visual impairment 视力受损时的眼动。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108296

Preeti Verghese, Marcus Nyström, Tom Foulsham, Paul V. McGraw

引用次数: 0

The role of facial skin tone and texture in the perception of age 面部肤色和质地在年龄感知中的作用。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108319

Julio González-Alvarez, Rosa Sos-Peña

{"title":"The role of facial skin tone and texture in the perception of age","authors":"Julio González-Alvarez, Rosa Sos-Peña","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Age and gender perception from looking at people’s faces, without any cultural or conventional cues, is primarily based on two independent components: a) the shape or facial structure, and b) surface reflectance (skin tone and texture, STT). This study examined the relative contribution of facial STT to the perception of age. A total of 204 subjects participated in four experiments presenting artificial 3D realistic faces of different age versions under two key experimental conditions: with and without STT. Two experiments involved a discrimination-age task, and other two involved a direct age-estimation task. The faces for the last experiment were generated from the photographs of real people. The results were quite consistent throughout the experiments. Data suggest that the contribution of the STT information leads to roughly 25–33 % of accuracy in age perception. Interestingly, a differential pattern emerges in relation to facial age: the relative contribution of skin information increases sharply with advancing age, to the point that age judgments of the older faces (60 years old) without STT information fall to the chance level. This pattern suggests that facial skin tone and texture are the main sources of information for estimating the age of people past their maturity as those are the principal visual signs of aging beyond the anatomical changes of facial structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41116572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Informational feedback accelerates learning in multi-alternative perceptual judgements of orientation 信息反馈加速了对方向的多选择感知判断的学习。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108318

Jiajuan Liu , Zhong-Lin Lu , Barbara Dosher

{"title":"Informational feedback accelerates learning in multi-alternative perceptual judgements of orientation","authors":"Jiajuan Liu , Zhong-Lin Lu , Barbara Dosher","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Experience or training can substantially improve perceptual performance through perceptual learning, and the extent and rate of these improvements may be affected by feedback. In this paper, we first developed a neural network model based on the integrated reweighting theory (<span>Dosher et al., 2013</span>) to account for perceptual learning and performance in n-alternative identification tasks and the dependence of learning on different forms of feedback. We then report an experiment comparing the effectiveness of response feedback (RF) versus accuracy feedback (AF) or no feedback (NF) (full versus partial versus no supervision) in learning a challenging eight-alternative visual orientation identification (8AFC) task. Although learning sometimes occurred in the absence of feedback (NF), RF had a clear advantage above AF or NF in this task. Using hybrid supervision learning rules, a new n-alternative identification integrated reweighting theory (I-IRT) explained both the differences in learning curves given different feedback and the dynamic changes in identification confusion data. This study shows that training with more informational feedback (RF) is more effective, though not necessary, in these challenging n-alternative tasks, a result that has implications for developing training paradigms in realistic tasks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41147126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unleashing the potential of CRISPR multiplexing: Harnessing Cas12 and Cas13 for precise gene modulation in eye diseases 释放CRISPR多路复用的潜力:利用Cas12和Cas13进行眼部疾病的精确基因调控

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108317

Fabio Bigini , Soo Hyeon Lee , Young Joo Sun , Yang Sun , Vinit B. Mahajan

{"title":"Unleashing the potential of CRISPR multiplexing: Harnessing Cas12 and Cas13 for precise gene modulation in eye diseases","authors":"Fabio Bigini , Soo Hyeon Lee , Young Joo Sun , Yang Sun , Vinit B. Mahajan","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2023.108317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gene therapy is a flourishing field with the potential to revolutionize the treatment of genetic diseases. The emergence of CRISPR-Cas9 has significantly advanced targeted and efficient genome editing. Although CRISPR-Cas9 has demonstrated promising potential applications in various genetic disorders, it faces limitations in simultaneously targeting multiple genes. Novel CRISPR systems, such as Cas12 and Cas13, have been developed to overcome these challenges, enabling multiplexing and providing unique advantages. Cas13, in particular, targets mRNA instead of genomic DNA, permitting precise gene expression control and mitigating off-target effects. This review investigates the potential of Cas12 and Cas13 in ocular gene therapy applications, such as suppression of inflammation and cell death. In addition, the capabilities of Cas12 and Cas13 are explored in addressing potential targets related with disease mechanisms such as aberrant isoforms, mitochondrial genes, <em>cis</em>-regulatory sequences, modifier genes, and long non-coding RNAs. Anatomical accessibility and relative immune privilege of the eye provide an ideal organ system for evaluating these novel techniques' efficacy and safety. By targeting multiple genes concurrently, CRISPR-Cas12 and Cas13 systems hold promise for treating a range of ocular disorders, including glaucoma, retinal dystrophies, and age-related macular degeneration. Nonetheless, additional refinement is required to ascertain the safety and efficacy of these approaches in ocular disease treatments. Thus, the development of Cas12 and Cas13 systems marks a significant advancement in gene therapy, offering the potential to devise effective treatments for ocular disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10656407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Gene therapy and therapeutic editing with outer or inner retina animal models 外视网膜或内视网膜动物模型的基因治疗和治疗性编辑

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108316

Wolfgang Baehr, Stephen H. Tsang

引用次数: 0

PRPF31-retinitis pigmentosa: Challenges and opportunities for clinical translation PRPF31视网膜色素变性：临床翻译的挑战和机遇。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108315

Hamzah Aweidah , Zhouhuan Xi , José-Alain Sahel , Leah C. Byrne

引用次数: 1