Vision Research最新文献_第9页

Extension of a computational model of a class of orientation illusions 扩展一类方位错觉的计算模型。

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108459

Dejan Todorović

引用次数: 0

Beyond hypertrophy: Changing views of astrocytes in glaucoma 超越肥大：改变对青光眼中星形胶质细胞的看法。

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108461

Melissa L. Cooper , David J. Calkins

{"title":"Beyond hypertrophy: Changing views of astrocytes in glaucoma","authors":"Melissa L. Cooper , David J. Calkins","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Astrocytes serve multiple roles in helping to maintain homeostatic physiology of central nervous system tissue, ranging from metabolic support to coupling between vascular and neural elements. Astrocytes are especially critical in axonal tracts such as the optic nerve, where axons propagate energy-demanding action potentials great distances. In disease, astrocyte remodeling is a dynamic, multifaceted process that is often over-simplified between states of quiescence and reactivity. In glaucoma, axon degeneration in the optic nerve is characterized by progressive stages. So too is astrocyte remodeling. Here, using quantitative analysis of light and electron micrographs of myelinated optic nerve sections from the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma, we offer further insight into how astrocyte organization reflects stages of degeneration. This analysis indicates that even as axons degenerate, astrocyte gliosis in the nerve increases without abject proliferation, similar to results in the DBA/2J retina. Gliosis is accompanied by reorganization. As axons expand prior to frank degeneration, astrocyte processes retract from the extra-axonal space and reorient towards the nerve edge. After a critical threshold of expansion, axons drop out, and astrocyte processes distribute more evenly across the nerve reflecting gliosis. This multi-stage process likely reflects local rather than global cues from axons and the surrounding tissue that induce rapid reorganization to promote axon survival and extend functionality of the nerve.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 108461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698924001056/pdfft?md5=1d4b62effc3cecc602bba5a90ead61dc&pid=1-s2.0-S0042698924001056-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141767597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomechanic, proteomic and miRNA transcriptional changes in the trabecular meshwork of primates injected with intravitreal triamcinolone 静脉注射曲安奈德的灵长类动物小梁网的生物力学、蛋白质组和 miRNA 转录变化。

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108456

Sangwan Park , Vijay Krishna Raghunathan , Raneesh Ramarapu , Ala Moshiri , Glenn Yiu , M. Isabel Casanova , Krista Cosert , Michelle McCorkell , Brian C. Leonard , Sara M. Thomasy

{"title":"Biomechanic, proteomic and miRNA transcriptional changes in the trabecular meshwork of primates injected with intravitreal triamcinolone","authors":"Sangwan Park , Vijay Krishna Raghunathan , Raneesh Ramarapu , Ala Moshiri , Glenn Yiu , M. Isabel Casanova , Krista Cosert , Michelle McCorkell , Brian C. Leonard , Sara M. Thomasy","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although biomechanical changes of the trabecular meshwork (TM) are important to the pathogenesis of glucocorticoids-induced ocular hypertension (GC-OHT), there is a knowledge gap in the underlying molecular mechanisms of the development of it. In this study, we performed intravitreal triamcinolone injection (IVTA) in one eye of 3 rhesus macaques. Following IVTA, we assessed TM stiffness using atomic force microscopy and investigated changes in proteomic and miRNA expression profiles. One of 3 macaques developed GC-OHT with a difference in intraocular pressure of 4.2 mmHg and a stiffer TM with a mean increase in elastic moduli of 0.60 kPa versus the non-injected control eye. In the IVTA-treated eyes, proteins associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and mitochondrial oxidoreductation were significantly upregulated. The significantly upregulated miR-29b and downregulated miR-335-5p post-IVTA supported the role of oxidative stress and mitophagy in the GC-mediated biomechanical changes in TM, respectively. The significant upregulation of miR-15/16 cluster post-IVTA may indicate a resultant TM cell apoptosis contributing to the increase in outflow resistance. Despite the small sample size, these results expand our knowledge of GC-mediated responses in the TM and furthermore, may help explain steroid responsiveness in clinical settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698924001007/pdfft?md5=07b604028aea8cfc741284e0298cc7ed&pid=1-s2.0-S0042698924001007-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A bias in transsaccadic perception of spatial frequency changes 对空间频率变化的反累积感知存在偏差。

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108453

Nino Sharvashidze , Carolin Hübner , Alexander C. Schütz

{"title":"A bias in transsaccadic perception of spatial frequency changes","authors":"Nino Sharvashidze , Carolin Hübner , Alexander C. Schütz","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Visual processing differs between the foveal and peripheral visual field. These differences can lead to different appearances of objects in the periphery and the fovea, posing a challenge to perception across saccades. Differences in the appearance of visual features between the peripheral and foveal visual field may bias change discrimination across saccades. Previously it has been reported that spatial frequency (SF) appears higher in the periphery compared to the fovea (<span>Davis et al., 1987</span>). In this study, we investigated the visual appearance of SF before and after a saccade and the discrimination of SF changes during saccades. In addition, we tested the contributions of pre- and postsaccadic information to change discrimination performance. In the first experiment, we found no differences in the appearance of SF before and after a saccade. However, participants showed a clear bias to report SF increases. Interestingly, a 200-ms postsaccadic blank improved the precision of the responses but did not affect the bias. In the second experiment, participants showed lower thresholds for SF increases than for decreases, suggesting that the bias in the first experiment was not just a response bias. Finally, we asked participants to discriminate the SF of stimuli presented before a saccade. Thresholds in the presaccadic discrimination task were lower than in the change discrimination task, suggesting that transsaccadic change discrimination is not merely limited by presaccadic discrimination in the periphery. The change direction bias might stem from more effective masking or overwriting of the presaccadic stimulus by the postsaccadic low SF stimulus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004269892400097X/pdfft?md5=43a5d9b12a42534b7c8359c7e86c95ba&pid=1-s2.0-S004269892400097X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low luminance contrast’s effect on the color appearance of S-cone patterns 低亮度对比对 S 锥形图案色彩外观的影响

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108448

Robert Shapley , Valerie Nunez , James Gordon

{"title":"Low luminance contrast’s effect on the color appearance of S-cone patterns","authors":"Robert Shapley , Valerie Nunez , James Gordon","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2024.108448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a surprisingly strong effect on color appearance when low levels of luminance contrast are added to visual targets in which only S-cones are modulated. This phenomenon can be studied with checkerboard patterns composed of alternating S-cone-modulated checks and gray checks. + S checks look purple when surrounded by slightly brighter gray checks but look highly desaturated (lavender, almost white) when surrounded by darker gray checks. −S checks change in hue with luminance contrast; they look yellow when surrounded by darker gray checks but are greener when surrounded by lighter checks. Psychophysical paired comparisons confirm these perceptions. Furthermore, visual evoked potentials (VEPs) recorded from human posterior cortex indicate that signals evoked by low luminance contrast interact nonlinearly with S-cone-evoked signals in early cortical color processing. Our new psychophysics and electrophysiology results prove that human perception of color appearance is not based on neural computations within a separate, isolated color system. Rather, signals evoked by color contrast and luminance contrast interact to produce the colors we see.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The genomic evolution of visual opsin genes in amphibians 两栖动物视觉蛋白基因的基因组进化

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108447

Jinn-Jy Lin , Feng-Yu Wang , Wen-Yu Chung , Tzi-Yuan Wang

{"title":"The genomic evolution of visual opsin genes in amphibians","authors":"Jinn-Jy Lin , Feng-Yu Wang , Wen-Yu Chung , Tzi-Yuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2024.108447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Among tetrapod (terrestrial) vertebrates, amphibians remain more closely tied to an amphibious lifestyle than amniotes, and their visual opsin genes may be adapted to this lifestyle. Previous studies have discussed physiological, morphological, and molecular changes in the evolution of amphibian vision. We predicted the locations of the visual opsin genes, their neighboring genes, and the tuning sites of the visual opsins, in 39 amphibian genomes. We found that all of the examined genomes lacked the <em>Rh2</em> gene. The caecilian genomes have further lost the <em>SWS1</em> and <em>SWS2</em> genes; only the <em>Rh1</em> and <em>LWS</em> genes were retained. The loss of the <em>SWS1</em> and <em>SWS2</em> genes in caecilians may be correlated with their cryptic lifestyles. The opsin gene syntenies were predicted to be highly similar to those of other bony vertebrates. Moreover, dual syntenies were identified in allotetraploid <em>Xenopus laevis</em> and <em>X. boreali</em>s. Tuning site analysis showed that only some Caudata species might have UV vision. In addition, the S164A that occurred several times in LWS evolution might either functionally compensate for the <em>Rh2</em> gene loss or fine-tuning visual adaptation. Our study provides the first genomic evidence for a caecilian <em>LWS</em> gene and a genomic viewpoint of visual opsin genes by reviewing the gains and losses of visual opsin genes, the rearrangement of syntenies, and the alteration of spectral tuning in the course of amphibians’ evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The development of meridional anisotropies in neurotypical children with and without astigmatism: Electrophysiological and psychophysical findings 有散光和无散光的神经畸形儿童子午线各向异性的发展：电生理学和心理物理学发现

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108439

Tiong Peng Yap , Chi D. Luu , Catherine M. Suttle , Audrey Chia , Mei Ying Boon

{"title":"The development of meridional anisotropies in neurotypical children with and without astigmatism: Electrophysiological and psychophysical findings","authors":"Tiong Peng Yap , Chi D. Luu , Catherine M. Suttle , Audrey Chia , Mei Ying Boon","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2024.108439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is important to understand the development of meridional anisotropies in neurotypical children since those with poor visual development, such as amblyopia, can have different patterns of meridional anisotropies. While the oblique effect is usually observed in adults, neurotypical children who have normal 20/20 visual acuity tend to demonstrate a horizontal effect electrophysiologically. In this longitudinal study, orientation-specific visual evoked potentials (osVEPs) and psychophysical grating acuity were used to investigate the changes in the meridional anisotropies in children aged 3.8 to 9.2 years over two visits averaging four months apart. While it was hypothesized that the electrophysiological horizontal effect may shift towards an oblique effect, it was found that the electrophysiological horizontal effect persisted to be present in response to the suprathreshold moderate contrast 4 cycles-per-degree grating stimuli. Psychophysical grating acuity, however, demonstrated an oblique effect when assessed binocularly. In addition, a significant effect of visit, representing an increase in the average age over this period, was observed in the average osVEP C3 amplitudes (4.5 μV) and psychophysical grating acuity (0.28 octaves or approximately 1-line on the logMAR chart). These findings are relevant when evaluating amblyopia treatments and interventions, as it confirms the necessity to take into account of the effect of normal maturation and learning effects when evaluating young children. Special attention should also be given to children with early-onset myopia and high astigmatism even when their visual acuity is 20/20 as the electrophysiological findings are suggestive of poor visual development, which warrants further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004269892400083X/pdfft?md5=26f2182809b736e1b11a7b10fa0810ce&pid=1-s2.0-S004269892400083X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141423293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How the orientation of the color gamut of natural scenes influences color discrimination in red-green dichromacy 自然场景色域的方向如何影响红-绿二色性的色彩辨别。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108435

Dora N. Marques, Sérgio M.C. Nascimento

{"title":"How the orientation of the color gamut of natural scenes influences color discrimination in red-green dichromacy","authors":"Dora N. Marques, Sérgio M.C. Nascimento","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In natural scenes, visual discrimination of colored surfaces by individuals with X-linked dichromacy is known to be only a little poorer than in normal trichromacy. This surprising result may be related to the properties of the colors of these scenes, like the shape and orientation of the color gamut, uneven frequency, and a considerable variation in lightness. It is unclear, however, how much each of these factors contributes to the small impairment in discrimination, in particular, what is the contribution of the orientation of the gamut. We measured the discrimination of colors from natural scenes by six normal trichromats and six dichromats. Colors were drawn either from the original color gamut of the scenes or from gamut-rotated versions of the scenes. Pairs of colors were randomly drawn from hyperspectral images of one rural and one urban environment and presented on a screen. As expected, dichromats were only a little poorer than normal trichromats at discrimination but the disadvantage varied systematically with the orientation of the color gamut by a factor of about three with a minimum around a yellow-green axis. Dichromats also took longer to respond, and the response times were modulated with the orientation of the color gamut in a similar way as the loss in discrimination. For the scenes tested here, these results imply an important impact of the orientation of the gamut on discrimination. They also indicate that the predominantly yellow-blue orientation of the gamut of natural scene might not be optimal for discrimination in dichromacy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complexity of mental geometry for 3D pose perception 三维姿势感知的心理几何复杂性

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108438

Crystal Guo, Akihito Maruya, Qasim Zaidi

{"title":"Complexity of mental geometry for 3D pose perception","authors":"Crystal Guo, Akihito Maruya, Qasim Zaidi","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2024.108438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2024.108438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biological visual systems rely on pose estimation of 3D objects to navigate and interact with their environment, but the neural mechanisms and computations for inferring 3D poses from 2D retinal images are only partially understood, especially where stereo information is missing. We previously presented evidence that humans infer the poses of 3D objects lying centered on the ground by using the geometrical back-transform from retinal images to viewer-centered world coordinates. This model explained the almost veridical estimation of poses in real scenes and the illusory rotation of poses in obliquely viewed pictures, which includes the “pointing out of the picture” phenomenon. Here we test this model for more varied configurations and find that it needs to be augmented. Five observers estimated poses of sloped, elevated, or off-center 3D sticks in each of 16 different poses displayed on a monitor in frontal and oblique views. Pose estimates in scenes and pictures showed remarkable accuracy and agreement between observers, but with a systematic fronto-parallel bias for oblique poses similar to the ground condition. The retinal projection of the pose of an object sloped wrt the ground depends on the slope. We show that observers’ estimates can be explained by the back-transform derived for close to the correct slope. The back-transform explanation also applies to obliquely viewed pictures and to off-center objects and elevated objects, making it more likely that observers use internalized perspective geometry to make 3D pose inferences while actively incorporating inferences about other aspects of object placement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 108438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141290565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Retinal response to light exposure in BEST1-mutant dogs evaluated with ultra-high resolution OCT” [Vis. Res. 218 (2024) 108379] 利用超高分辨率光学视网膜成像技术评估 BEST1 突变体狗视网膜对光照射的反应》[Vis. Res. 218 (2024) 108379]的更正。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108437

Vivian Wu , Malgorzata Swider , Alexander Sumaroka , Valerie L. Dufour , Joseph E. Vance , Tomas S. Aleman , Gustavo D. Aguirre , William A. Beltran , Artur V. Cideciyan

引用次数: 0