Scene complexity and the detail trace of human long-term visual memory.

IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES
Cameron Kyle-Davidson, Oscar Solis, Stephen Robinson, Ryan Tze Wang Tan, Karla K Evans
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Humans can remember a vast amount of scene images; an ability often attributed to encoding only low-fidelity gist traces of a scene. Instead, studies show a surprising amount of detail is retained for each scene image allowing them to be distinguished from highly similar in-category distractors. The gist trace for images can be relatively easily captured through both computational and behavioural techniques, but capturing detail is much harder. While detail can be broadly estimated at the categorical level (e.g. man-made scenes more complex than natural), there is a lack of both ground-truth detail data at the sample level and a way to operationalise it for measurement purposes. Here through three different studies, we investigate whether the perceptual complexity of scenes can serve as a suitable analogue for the detail present in a scene, and hence whether we can use complexity to determine the relationship between scene detail and visual long term memory for scenes. First we examine this relationship directly using the VISCHEMA datasets, to determine whether the perceived complexity of a scene interacts with memorability, finding a significant positive correlation between complexity and memory, in contrast to the hypothesised U-shaped relation often proposed in the literature. In the second study we model complexity via artificial means, and find that even predicted measures of complexity still correlate with the overall ground-truth memorability of a scene, indicating that complexity and memorability cannot be easily disentangled. Finally, we investigate how cognitive load impacts the influence of scene complexity on image memorability. Together, findings indicate complexity and memorability do vary non-linearly, but generally it is limited to the extremes of the image complexity ranges. The effect of complexity on memory closely mirrors previous findings that detail enhances memory, and suggests that complexity is a suitable analogue for detail in visual long-term scene memory.

场景复杂性与人类长期视觉记忆的细节痕迹。
人类可以记住大量的场景图像;这种能力通常被认为是对场景的低保真主要痕迹进行编码。相反,研究表明,每个场景图像保留了惊人数量的细节,使它们与高度相似的类别内干扰物区分开来。通过计算和行为技术可以相对容易地捕获图像的主要轨迹,但捕获细节要困难得多。虽然细节可以在分类水平上大致估计(例如,人造场景比自然场景更复杂),但在样本水平上缺乏真实的细节数据,也缺乏将其用于测量目的的操作方法。在这里,我们通过三个不同的研究,探讨场景的感知复杂性是否可以作为场景中存在的细节的合适模拟,从而我们是否可以使用复杂性来确定场景细节与场景视觉长期记忆之间的关系。首先,我们直接使用VISCHEMA数据集检查这种关系,以确定场景的感知复杂性是否与记忆相互作用,发现复杂性和记忆之间存在显著的正相关关系,与文献中经常提出的假设u型关系相反。在第二项研究中,我们通过人工手段对复杂性进行建模,并发现即使预测的复杂性度量仍然与场景的整体真实记忆性相关,这表明复杂性和记忆性不容易分开。最后,我们研究了认知负荷如何影响场景复杂性对图像记忆的影响。总之,研究结果表明复杂性和可记忆性确实呈非线性变化,但通常仅限于图像复杂性范围的极端情况。复杂性对记忆的影响与先前的研究结果非常相似,即细节可以增强记忆,这表明复杂性是视觉长期场景记忆中细节的合适类比。
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来源期刊
Vision Research
Vision Research 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
16.70%
发文量
111
审稿时长
66 days
期刊介绍: Vision Research is a journal devoted to the functional aspects of human, vertebrate and invertebrate vision and publishes experimental and observational studies, reviews, and theoretical and computational analyses. Vision Research also publishes clinical studies relevant to normal visual function and basic research relevant to visual dysfunction or its clinical investigation. Functional aspects of vision is interpreted broadly, ranging from molecular and cellular function to perception and behavior. Detailed descriptions are encouraged but enough introductory background should be included for non-specialists. Theoretical and computational papers should give a sense of order to the facts or point to new verifiable observations. Papers dealing with questions in the history of vision science should stress the development of ideas in the field.
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