Wiadomosci lekarskie最新文献

{"title":"Surgical prevention of venous thromboembolic complications of thrombosis in the basin of the small saphenous vein.","authors":"Yaroslav M Popovych, Volodymyr S Kostiunin, Yaroslav Ya Popovych","doi":"10.36740/WLek/203891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/203891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To evaluate the results of surgical prophylaxis of venous thromboembolic complications in superficial vein thrombosis in the basin of the small saphenous vein.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The study evaluated the results of treatment of 134 patients with superficial vein thrombosis in the basin of the small saphenous vein, who were divided into two groups: Group I - 86 (64.2%) patients who were operated on for thrombosis in the basin of the small saphenous vein and Group II - 48 (35.8%) patients who received only conservative treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: In the postoperative period, no recurrence of superficial or deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism was detected in patients of group I within 12 months. The regression of symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency was noted in 66.7% of patients, and no patient was diagnosed with a decompensated form of chronic venous insufficiency. Over the course of the year, 12.2% of patients in group II showed an increase in the manifestations of chronic venous insufficiency. Recurrence of superficial or deep vein thrombosis in group II was detected in 14.6% and 4.9% of patients, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Surgical treatment of superficial vein thrombosis in the basin of the small saphenous vein prevented pulmonary embolism and recurrence of venous thrombosis in all patients, and in 66.7% of patients contributed to the regression of decompensated forms of chronic venous insufficiency. Recurrence of superficial and deep vein thrombosis during conservative treatment was observed in 14.6% and 4.9% of cases, respectively, which led to pulmonary embolism in 4.9% of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"813-820"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The significant impact of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3(Tim-3) gene polymorphism on HCV infection and viral load.","authors":"Hiba Hadi Rashid, Raghad Emad Salman, Alyaa Younis Ali, Maysaa Ali Abdul Khaleq","doi":"10.36740/WLek/202971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/202971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To evaluate the role of -574 locus gene polymorphism in promotor region of TIM-3 gene in HCV infection and viral load.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The current study executed on 100 subjects (50 patients with HCV and 50 obviously healthy objects as control). Blood sample compiled from all participants. All samples underwent to diagnosis for HCV confirm by viral load measurement by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR). Extraction the Genomic DNA performed from blood. The gene fragment corresponding the-574 locus (rs10515746) in TIM-3 gene was amplified and genotyping by allele specific - polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: In recessive model, in patients the frequency of GT-TT genotype was significantly higher than controls (86% vs. 62%) with a highly important variation (OR=3.76, 95% CI=1.41-10.05, p=0.008 at allelic level, T allele was more continual in patients than controls (60% contra 42%) with a considerable variation (OR=2.07, 95%CI=1.18-3.64, p= 0.015). About 42% of patients carrying TT genotype had viral load ≥200000 IU/ml compared with 15.38% GT carriers and 0% GG carries with such a viral load with a significant difference. At allelic level, T allele was more continual in patients than controls (60% contra 42%) with a significant variation (OR=2.07, 95%CI=1.18-3.64, p= 0.015.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: T allele of rs10515746 considered a risk factor for HCV infection as well as for higher hepatitis C viral load in those patients, and it could predict treatment failure. However, with more aggressive antiviral therapies, viral cure could be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"845-852"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in post-COVID dentists by a modified CCCRC.","authors":"Ferial Mahmood Abdulrida, Ameena Ryhan Diajil, Taghreed Fahdil Zaidan","doi":"10.36740/WLek/202969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/202969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sense loss and their deterioration within and post infection with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: A systematic informative questionnaire was filled out for each participant. Chemosensitive symptoms were recorded by using n-butyl alcohol and environmentally realistic odorants and calculated in a modified way for the detection of olfactory function. The gustatory test scoring was done using the four standard primary tastes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: Out of 133 participants, dentists were more commonly females (81, 61%) with the majority below 35 years of age (97, 72%). Half of the participants experienced smell and/or taste loss during the COVID-19 pandemic; whereas almost all reported having had olfactory dysfunction (132, 99.2%) and (105, 78.2%) gustatory dysfunction. Males reported a higher significant rate of taste loss (P=0.009) and females showed a higher recovery rate within the first two weeks after the onset than males. The Pfizer vaccine showed a significantly more frequent smell loss than other vaccinations (P=0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Gender variation was noticed with taste and smell loss. Females recovered faster from dysfunction. Pfizer fully vaccinated participants were more prone to lose smell compared to others.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"768-776"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond traditional lipid markers: why lipoprotein(a) screening matters.","authors":"Vitalina V Ivachevska, Daria A Korchagina, Olesya A Kozel, Liliia V Tsyhanyk, Mykhaylo M Hechko, Mykhailo M Ivachevskyi","doi":"10.36740/WLek/203847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/203847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To assess the correlation between lipoprotein(a) levels and traditional lipid profile markers in statin-naive men and women without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: Sixty-seven statin-naive adult patients without a prior history of established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were included in the study. Lipoprotein(a) levels were determined using nephelometry in all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: According to the results of the correlation analysis, it was found that there is no statistically significant correlation between lipoprotein(a) level and traditional parametres of lipid profile in both groups (p>0.05). Reliable direct correlation of moderate strength was observed between lipoprotein(a) and age in the group A (R=0.46, p=0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Elevated lipoprotein(a) levels, independent of other lipid profile parameters, can significantly contribute to cardiovascular risk, emphasizing the importance of routine lipoprotein(a) screening in clinical practice. It is particularly noteworthy that lipoprotein(a) concentrations tend to increase after menopause, potentially placing postmenopausal women at an elevated risk for cardiovascular events. Consequently, it is imperative to monitor lipoprotein(a) levels in females, especially during the peri-menopausal and postmenopausal stages, to more accurately assess and manage cardiovascular risk in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"735-739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between MRNA IL1Β and type, duration of infertility in women with endometriosis on the stage preparing to assisted reproductive technologies using probiotics.","authors":"Oksana V Bakun, Kristina V Dyak, Oksana V Kolesnik, Tetiana Protsak, Yevheniia A Dudka","doi":"10.36740/WLek/203893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/203893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To investigate the correlations between the level of IL1β mRNA gene expression and the type and duration of infertility and to study the levels of IL1β mRNA gene expression in women with endometriosis associated with infertility.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: For mRNA gene expression analysis IL1β and determination of relative normalized mRNA expression IL1β used the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method (RT-PCR).. Examined group consists of 30 infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. The main group consisted of 20 women diagnosed with endometriosis undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. The control group consisted of 10 healthy women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: In the main group, the level of IL1β mRNA gene expression before preparing was 26.7877±0.01, which was significantly higher than the level after preparing (0.1610±0.01* ). Analized results, it's found out that Mean level of mRNA IL1β in women with endometriosis associated infertility 1-st degree is 8.53 c.u., at the same time Mean level of mRNA IL1β in women with endometriosis associated infertility 2-nd degree is 1.0 c.u.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: The inclusion of probiotics in a comprehensive regimen of preparation for assisted reproductive technologies leads to a noticeable improvement in the patient's well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"828-837"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical and legal principles of biomedical research.","authors":"Vitaliy M Herzanych, Andrianna Yu Badyda, Nadiya V Buletsa, Viktoriia Yu Svyshcho","doi":"10.36740/WLek/203907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/203907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To analyze the regulatory and legal foundations of biomedical research by examining key ethical principles, including respect for individual autonomy, human dignity, voluntary informed consent, and benefit, with a particular focus on their implementation in both global and Northern European contexts, while identifying challenges to their practical application in modern healthcare systems.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: This research employed a comprehensive analytical approach utilizing comparative legal analysis and systematic review of international and national regulatory frameworks governing biomedical research. The methodology included examination of constitutional provisions, specialized legislation, and bioethical guidelines from European jurisdictions, with particular attention to Northern European regulatory models established since the late 1980s. The study incorporated analysis of scholarly literature addressing theoretical foundations and practical implementation of key bioethical principles, focusing on works by established authorities in the field such as J. Hans, O. Pasternak, and S. Shevchuk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Ethical regulation of biomedical research requires strict adherence to the fundamental principles of respect for autonomy, human dignity, voluntary informed consent, and benefit, which collectively provide a comprehensive framework for protecting research participants while enabling scientific progress.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"943-948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological manifestations in the structures of the anterior abdominal wall after implantation of the acellular dermal matrix using the sublay method.","authors":"Andriy V Makhnitskyy, Igor M Deykalo, Larysa Ya Fedoniuk, Tamara V Datsko, Nadiia I Grynkiv, Nazar M Ostrovskyy","doi":"10.36740/WLek/203892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/203892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the level of vascularization, integration of the acellular dermal matrix, as well as the development of granulation tissue and collagen fibers following implantation on the anterior abdominal wall (\"sub lay\") in pigs over the course of 7, 14, and 21 days.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted on six pigs of the Ukrainian White steppe. Under general anesthesia, an acellular perforated dermal matrix from pigs, produced by the ≪Institute of Biomedical Technologies≫, was implanted into the anterior abdominal wall, between the aponeurosis and muscles. The quality of engraftment, degree of angiogenesis, condition of granulation tissue, and graft structure were assessed. The postoperative period was uncomplicated, with each pig receiving one intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone (1.0). Material was collected from two pigs on the 7th day, two more on the 14th day, and the final two on the 21st day after implantation. Pathomorphological analysis was carried out in the laboratory of I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University. Sections of the implanted material, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, were evaluated for local inflammation reactivity, vascularization levels, and granulation tissue replacement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: The research findings revealed that, after 7 days of implantation, the acellular skin matrix \"sub lay\" led to infiltration caused by acute inflammation, accompanied by the formation of granulation tissue, numerous microcirculatory vessels, and collagen fibers. By day 14, the signs of inflammation had reduced, and there was an increase in fibroblasts and blood vessels. On day 21, the implantation process intensified, marked by a rise in collagen fibers and vascularization, along with a decrease in macrophages and lymphocytes. No signs of infection were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Acellular dermal matrix after ≪sub lay≫ implantation causes acute inflammation with slow vascularization in the early period with a moderate increase up to 14 and 21 days. The implant acts as a base to support the migration of natural cells and subsequent replacement by granulation tissue, as a result of strengthening this area. No signs of infection were detected, which gives hope for the use of implants in previously infected environments after complications due to the implantation of meshes made of artificial materials before.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"821-827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathomorphological characteristics of the supravaginal part of the cervix depending on the echogenicity ratios of the cervix to the uterine body.","authors":"Volodymyr V Maliar, Vitali V Maliar, Vasyl A Maliar","doi":"10.36740/WLek/203848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/203848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To analyze the morphological features of the supravaginal part of the cervix depending on the echogenicity ratios of the cervix to the body of the uterus.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: In 87 reproductive-age patients (30-40 years) with uterine leiomyoma (>14 weeks gestation), morphological features of the supravaginal cervix were analyzed in 23 hysterectomy specimens based on echogenicity ratios: Group I (n = 10): Cervical echogenicity > uterine body. Group II (n = 8): Cervical echogenicity = uterine body. Group III (n = 5): Cervical echogenicity < uterine body.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: Histological analysis revealed that increased cervical echogenicity corresponded to a predominance of collagen fibers over smooth muscle bundles. Conversely, when cervical echogenicity was equal to or lower than the uterine body, smooth muscle bundles dominated. These specimens also exhibited destructive changes, connective tissue disorganization, and dystrophic alterations, which are pathognomonic signs of potential lower uterine segment failure during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: 1. Comparative studies show that in cases of excess echogenicity of the cervix over the body of the uterus, pathomorphological changes in the supravaginal part of the cervix were not detected. 2. Equal or reduced cervical echogenicity was associated with connective tissue disorganization and dystrophic changes in smooth muscle, indicating structural inferiority. 3. A change in the ratio of echogenicity of the cervix to the body, which is closely related to the morphological structure of the isthmus of the uterus, can serve as one of the criteria for predicting the failure of the lower segment of the uterus in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"740-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of complex oral rehabilitation of young patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and malocclusion.","authors":"Renata V Symonenko, Leonid O Etnis, Zinaida Y Zhehulovych, Vitalii V Parii, Olena O Astapenko, Daryna I Bohatyrova, Iryna M Fedianovych","doi":"10.36740/WLek/203849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/203849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the efficiency when planning complex oral rehabilitation, conducting proper preparation, occlusal analysis and adjustment during the stages of orthodontic treatment in young patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: 11 young patients with diagnosis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (according to ILAR criteria) aged from 18 to 34 years (mean age 22.64±4.82) who included 6 females and 5 males were examined and underwent orthodontic treatment at Dental Medical Center of Bogomolets National Medical University during 2021-2024 years. The orthodontic treatment was carried out after oral cavity sanation and elimination of temporomandibular disorders manifestations using occlusal splints and was combined with local medication therapy (mouth rinse using medicinal composition of highly dispersed silica gel and bacteria strains of Bacillus subtilis B-7812(АХ20) and Bacillus licheniformis IMB B-7811(EA22)). Occlusal analysis and adjustments were carried out during all stages of rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: Provided orthodontic treatment in combination with application of bite blocks and direct dental hard tissues restorations allowed to expand the dental arches, align the midline and normalize the occlusal contacts of the teeth in static and dynamic occlusion in all patients. There were no signs of premature contacts, occlusal overload, deterioration of periodontal lesion or temporomandibular disorder manifestation recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Our study showed that the proposed complex rehabilitation of patients with JIA including proper occlusal analysis and adjustment and probiotics usage during orthodontic treatment within the framework of a personalized approach during their rehabilitation ensures minimization of risks and is the key to achieving optimal results.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 4","pages":"746-752"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (chondrocalcinosis): a review.","authors":"Andrzej Żyluk","doi":"10.36740/WLek/200864","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/200864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (CPPD) is a metabolic arthropathy characterized by gross calcium pyrophosphate crystals deposition within articular cartilage, in the periarticular and articular tissues. The disease is also called by other names such as pseudogout or chondrocalcinosis. Deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals provokes an inflammation within the synovial membrane followed by degenerative changes in cartilage and bone. The underlying mechanism for increased intraarticular accumulation of calcium crystals is not known. CPPD is fairly common condition affecting mostly older people. It manifests in three clinical forms: asymptomatic (the most common), acute and chronic. Diagnosis is made on the basis of X-ray or ultrasound examination, but definitive confirmation requires demonstration of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the synovial fluid. Treatment of acute CPPD is similar to treatment of gout attack and consists in physical measures and medication with NSAIDs, colchicine or sometimes steroids. This review summarizes recent findings about the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and management of CPPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"78 2","pages":"402-409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}