Wiadomosci lekarskie最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Е-cadherin expression in invasive ductal breast cancer.","authors":"Ilona V Chelpanova, Liliya I Volos, Andrii P Dudash, Yevgen V Paltov, Artur V Poliiants, Olha V Dudok, Yulia V Hnidyk","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To evaluate E-cadherin expression in various clinical and pathological prognostic scenarios to determine its significance in the development of molecular subtypes of invasive ductal breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: A comprehensive morphological and immunohistochemical study of 80 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was conducted to determine the molecular phenotype. The expression of E-cadherin, ER, PR receptors, c-erbB2, and Ki-67 was evaluated according to the manufacturer's standardized protocols using appropriate positive and negative controls. The degree of tumor malignancy was determined using the modified Scarff-Bloom-Richardson system. Semi-quantitative assessment of E-cadherin expression was performed using the Qureshi scale. Pearson's criterion was used for statistical analysis. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: Low E-cadherin expression was associated with stage 3, pT3, and G2/G3 grades of IDBC malignancy, confirming its unfavorable prognostic significance and correlation with the molecular profile. High E-cadherin expression was characteristic of ER-positive luminal A tumors, regardless of menopause, indicating a regulatory role for ER expression. The low proliferative activity of luminal IDBC cells was explained by high E-cadherin expression, which increased adhesive properties. Low E-cadherin expression is also a prognostic marker for TNBC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: E-cadherin is a potent tumor suppressor in breast cancer. Its role in disease progression is confirmed by the correlation between partial or complete loss of E-cadherin expression and poor prognosis for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"255-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current perspectives on the etiology and pathogenesis of tendinopathy - a literature review.","authors":"Franciszek Grabowski, Dominika Ciesielska, Ignacy Nieściór, Michał Merkisz, Aleksandra Bełżek, Karolina Turżańska, Magdalena Sobiech","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: Tendinopathy is a pain-dysfunction syndrome of tendons resulting from an imbalance between the processes operating within the tissue and the external factors to which it is exposed. Contemporary concepts of pathogenesis indicate the overlap of many mechanisms: from mechanical overload leading to abnormal matrix remodeling, through inflammatory processes, to intratendinous compression causing hypoxia and pathological vascularization. The aim of this study was to review information regarding the current state of knowledge about the pathogenesis and mechanisms driving tendinopathies, based on available scientific research.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, including clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses that investigated the mechanisms influencing the pathogenesis of tendinopathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: The heterogeneity of the clinical and histological presentation confirms the multifactorial nature of tendinopathy and explains the therapeutic challenges and frequent treatment failures. The authors suggest that integrating knowledge regarding mechanotransduction, inflammation, metabolism, and the role of intratendinous pressure may provide a basis for developing more precise and effective treatment strategies for tendinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 3","pages":"640-645"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atrial fibrillation as a driver of cognitive decline.","authors":"Smirit Tribhuvan, Sayesha Taneja, Jakub Kot, Silvija Ille","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditionally, Atrial Fibrillation (AF) has been managed to reduce the risk of stroke, but there is an increasing amount of evidence to suggest that atrial fibrillation is also related to a decline in cognitive function (dementia) and not necessarily related to blood clots or interruptions to blood flow. The aim of this review is to evaluate different mechanisms contributing to the relationship between atrial fibrillation and dementia through hemodynamic and inflammatory pathways. In order to achieve this, a systematic review of longitudinal studies, randomized trials from the past five years, and neuroimaging studies (2013-2026) was conducted to examine the neurocognitive variables relative to atrial fibrillation through the PubMed and Cochrane database. The results of this study suggest that patients with atrial fibrillation are at increased risk of developing dementia independent of thromboembolic events (1.4-2.2 times). Primary risk factors affecting this relationship include silent cerebral infarcts (40% of patients will have these) and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion associated with beat-to-beat variability. Of particular note, patients with atrial fibrillation who achieve early rhythm control using catheter ablation demonstrate a 27%-30% lower risk of cognitive dysfunction as compared to those with rate control. There are numerous and complex physiological changes that can occur from atrial fibrillation that can lead to cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 3","pages":"620-623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular markers of endogenous neuroprotection in the brain of rats with experimental Parkinson's disease treated with various pharmacotherapy regimens.","authors":"Valeria Tyshchenko, Volodymyr Maramukha, Nataliia Buchakchyiska, Igor Belenichev, Kylychbek Mamasharipov, Romanbek Kalmatov, Lazokatkhan Dzhumaeva","doi":"10.36740/WLek/214337","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/214337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To study apoptotic processes and their role in the formation of premature dopaminergic neurodegeneration, to identify key biomarkers for early diagnosis and implementation of complex measures towards braking the progression of PD in the early stages, to develop possible treatment regimens with a specific neuroprotective effect on the dopaminergic system.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The experiment involved 90 Wistar rats (6 months old, 220-290 g). Parkinsonism was induced by the neurotoxin MPTP (N-methyl4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine). Intact animals received saline (1 ml/100 g, i.p.); the control group received MPTP followed by saline. Rats were divided into nine groups: I - intact; II - PD control; III - PD + Amantadine (AM); IV - PD + AM + Cerebrocurin; V - PD + AM + Pramistar; VI - PD + AM + Gliatilin; VII - PD + AM + Noophen; VIII - PD + AM + Pronoran; IX - PD + AM + Melatonin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: The data obtained indicate that neuroprotective therapy of PD with drugs such as melatonin, cerebrocurin, pronoran, and gliatilin in combination with amantadine leads to an increase in the expression of the HIF-1α, HIF-3α, and HSP70 genes, and can also serve as a molecular marker for the activation of endogenous neuroprotection mechanisms under experimental PD conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: We have experimentally demonstrated a new target of neuroprotection in PD conditions - apoptosis of dopamine-producing neurons and substantiated modulators of this process - drugs for combined therapy with amantadine (melatonin, cerebrocurin, pronoran, and gliatilin) as promising drugs for PD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"156-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortisol and testosterone: Which is more important in metabolic syndrome men.","authors":"Mariia Cherska, Olena Pavlenko, Khrystyna Kukharchuk, Olena V Maidanuik","doi":"10.36740/WLek/214408","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/214408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To review information resources on this problem for the provision of modern knowledge in the pathogenesis of this pathology.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: An analysis of data from literary sources and medical articles in Pub Med was carried out in order to clarify the influence of cortisol and testosterone on the development of metabolic syndrome. The search was conducted over the last 5 years, but there is material from 2001, 2018, and 2019. Total volume of the number of sources: 17.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a collection of abnormalities that predispose individuals to diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients with metabolic syndrome exhibit hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system, resulting in «functional hypercorticism.» Stress is thought to play a significant role in this interaction by increasing the sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The enzyme 11-betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11HSD1), which is involved in glucocorticoid metabolism in peripheral tissues (particularly adipose tissue and liver), has been implicated in metabolic syndrome and central obesity. Overexpression of 11HSD1 in adipocytes is observed in metabolic syndrome and central obesity, leading to increased conversion of cortisone to cortisol and excessive tissue-specific glucocorticoid activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"215-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of boiled and macerated cinnamon sticks and powder on diabetic and biochemical profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Ali Ahmed Hussein Almyali, Mohammed K Al-Chlaihawi, Muntadher Hameed, Salim Kadhim, Hasanain Ah Al-Hadrawi","doi":"10.36740/WLek/216215","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/216215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: We examined possible impact of cinnamon on blood glucose and some biochemical parameters among type 2 diabetic patients treated with cinnamon in Najaf.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes were received cinnamon (boiled branches, soaked branches, boiled powder and soaked powder) twice a day after meals. Fasting and random blood glucose in addition to urine biochemical markers; glucose, ketones, specific gravity, total protein, were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: Our study support previous ones regarding the beneficial effect of cinnamon in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. However, there are several points that our study highlighted them. Firstly, it more effective in lowering fasting more than random blood glucose. Secondly, soaked parts are more effective than boiled parts. In addition, the only urine biochemical parameters that were affected by cinnamon (reduced urine concentration) were urine glucose and urine ketones with no effect on urine pH, specific gravity or total proteins. Further studies are required to extend the duration of treatment to a longer period, scheduling concentration series of cinnamon and using double blind study including placebo.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Fasting blood glucose, urine glucose and urine ketones were shown to be reduced by the treatment with cinnamon, with soaking more than boiling and branches more than powder. In conclusion, soaked cinnamon has potentially more effective than boiled on lowering fasting blood level.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"105-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare providers' proficiency, challenges, and attitudes toward genetic testing integration in psychiatric practices: The influence of an educational initiative.","authors":"Amal I Khalil, Muhammad Anwar Khan, Ghada Alzahrani","doi":"10.36740/WLek/215512","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/215512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: This study examines the impact of an educational initiative on healthcare providers' proficiency and attitudes toward genetic testing.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials andMethods: A quasi-experimental design with a single group pre/posttest was employed. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 227 participants. Four valid and reliable tools were used to assess demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and challenges related to pharmacogenetic testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: Among the 227 participants, 36% were nurses, 17.7% were physicians, 17.7% were psychologists, 14.8% were pharmacists, and 5.4% were social workers. Most participants had 1--5 years of experience and lacked prior education or workshop attendance related to genetic testing. Most agreed that genetic testing is unused in psychiatric diagnosis but acknowledged its crucial role in guiding medication selection, dosage, and personalized treatment. After the educational program, significant improvements in participants' knowledge and attitudes toward genetic testing were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: The educational program effectively enhanced healthcare providers' knowledge and attitudes regarding integrating genetic testing into psychiatric practice. Substantial improvements between pre- and posttest scores indicate increased proficiency in addressing challenges related to genetic testing. The findings reveal a significant knowledge gap, as many participants lacked prior education on genetic testing during their undergraduate studies. This underscores the need for ongoing training and support. Encouraging collaboration between genetic specialists and psychiatric practitioners and ensuring adequate resources are essential for successfully implementing genetic testing in routine psychiatric care.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"130-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen supplementation and bone health - a narrative review.","authors":"Zeeshan Zulfiqar, Jakub Kot, Kacper Lee, Wiktoria Leja, Katarzyna Latalska, Julia Zjawiony, Maciej Błaszczak, Nataliia Fedorenko","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis is a known skeletal chronic disease which decreases bone mass, damages bone microarchitecture and increases the risk of fragility fractures. Non pharmacological interventions, such as nutritional changes play a significant supportive role in bone health maintenance along with pharmacological treatments. Collagen is a key organic component of the bone matrix, which subjects it to intensive research as a potential dietary supplement, especially in individuals with low bone mass. The review aims to critically evaluate and summarize novel studies between 2020 and 2025 that described the significance of oral collagen supplementation, especially in individuals with poor bone health. A narrative review of human studies published from 2020 to 2025 was conducted. Inclusion criteria included observational studies, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines focusing on the evaluation of oral collagen peptide or hydrolyzed collagen supplementation and bone related outcomes. Preclinical and animal studies were excluded. The prevailing evidence suggests that oral collagen has a beneficial supportive effect on bone health, particularly in individuals with early bone loss. Due to the heterogeneous nature of currently available literature and limited studies on fracture outcomes, collagen supplementation can not be considered as a replacement therapy but rather an adjunctive treatment to established osteoporosis regimes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 3","pages":"548-552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinico-epidemiological spectrum of chronic liver disease patients at a tertiary care center in Ajman, UAE - a descriptive 5 year data analysis.","authors":"Mohammed Isham Shiju, Benzil Binu, Hygieia Rab Jacob, Samanway Arif, Jessica James Stanley, Zahra Hussain, Abdulsalam Al Mujammaee, Mohammed Ahmed Elshobary, Sneha Reji, Jayadevan Sreedharan","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To describe the clinico-epidemiological profile, metabolic risk factors, and treatment outcomes of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) at a tertiary care center in Ajman, UAE.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: 149 individuals with confirmed CLD were included in a descriptive five-year retrospective study. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were utilized for analyzing demographic data, lifestyle variables, metabolic comorbidities, and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: The male-to-female ratio in the cohort was 3.7:1, with a significant male preponderance (78.5%; n=117). In particular, most patients (91.3%) were under 60, with those under 40 making up the biggest group (46.3%; n=69). The Eastern Mediterranean Region was the place of origin for more than half of the participants (55.7%). In terms of lifestyle risk factors, 32.9% of respondents smoked, and 24.2% reported drinking alcohol (14.1% now, 10.1% previously). Although only 8.1% were classified as obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²), 84.6% had abnormal BMI (overweight or obese). Fatty liver (41.6%), diabetes mellitus (38.9%), dyslipidaemia (37.6%), and hypertension (36.2%) were among the significant metabolic comorbidities. Nearly half (49.0%) of patients had incomplete or poor clinical outcomes to medications, whereas 51.0% had \"good\" results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: This tertiary-care cohort found a predominance of economically productive males who were affected by CLD, who also exhibited a high prevalence of metabolic risk factors. Origins of obesity and diabetes have highlighted the regional influence of metabolic (MAD) liver disease. To optimise the outcome of patients who have these diseases, there is an urgent need for early screening and comprehensive management of metabolic risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 3","pages":"474-481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinico-epidemiological spectrum of constipation patients at a tertiary care center in Ajman, UAE - a descriptive 5 year data analysis.","authors":"Benzil Binu, Mohammed Isham Shiju, Aadith Soorya Arun Kumar, Abrar Allahyari, Tatjana Ille, Abdulsalam Al Mujammaee, Mohammed Ahmed Elshobary, Sneha Reji, Jayadevan Sreedharan, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: This research aims to assess the clinical and epidemiological profile of elderly patients reported to a tertiary care centre in Ajman, UAE.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional review of electronic medical records was conducted for patients diagnosed with constipation between January 2020 and July 2025. Sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, functional status, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, gastrointestinal history, and treatment outcomes were extracted using a structured proforma. Descriptive statistics were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: Eighty elderly patients were included, predominantly male (71.3%) and aged 60-69 years (78.8%). Abnormal BMI was present in 76.3%. Chronic symptoms were common, with 52.5% reporting constipation ≥3 months and 47.5% >6 months. Low fluid intake (66.3%), low dietary fiber intake (67.5%), and sedentary lifestyle (62.5%) were highly prevalent. Cardiometabolic comorbidities were frequent, including hypertension (68.8%), diabetes mellitus (65.0%), and hypercholesterolemia (63.7%). Only 38.8% achieved good therapeutic response, while 61.3% had poor or partial improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Constipation in elderly patients at this tertiary center represents a persistent, multifactorial condition requiring comprehensive, individualized, and lifestyle-integrated management strategies to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 3","pages":"482-490"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}