Wiadomosci lekarskie最新文献

{"title":"From longevity to healthy ageing: A conceptual review of the 6W public health preparedness framework.","authors":"Jayadevan Sreedharan, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil, Sneha Reji, Tatjana Ille","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Population ageing is one of the most profound demographic transformations of the 21st century and represents a major public health success driven by advances in medicine, public health, and socio-economic development. By 2050, the global population aged 60 years and above is projected to exceed 2.1 billion, with the most rapid increases occurring in low- and middle-income countries. However, gains in life expectancy have not been matched by equivalent improvements in healthy life expectancy, resulting in longer survival with chronic disease, disability, and functional decline. This manuscript examines the concept of healthy ageing through a public health lens, emphasizing the importance of functional ability, quality of life, and equity across the life course. Using the 6W framework, the paper explores why population ageing matters, what demographic and epidemiological transitions are occurring, who is affected, where interventions are most effective, when action is required, and how public health systems must respond. Key challenges, including multimorbidity, polypharmacy, disability, loneliness, and health system strain, are discussed alongside opportunities offered by primary health care, community-based interventions, digital health, and policy reform. The manuscript highlights the critical role of preparedness in transforming longevity into healthy ageing and underscores the need for integrated, life-course-oriented, and equity-focused public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 3","pages":"633-639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organization of secondary level medical institution operations in the context of implementing the Medical Guarantees Program.","authors":"Ihor V Hushchuk, Vladyslav A Smiianov, Nataliia P Topishko, Oleh M Vivsyannyk, Vitalii I Boiko, Sergii M Galetskyi, Tetiana I Galetska","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218725","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/218725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: The study aims to investigate the organization of work in a secondary-level medical institution regarding the implementation of the MGP.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The assessment of MGP implementation at the secondary level was conducted using observation, analysis, synthesis, grouping, and generalization methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Organizing the work of secondary-level healthcare institutions for MGP implementation requires strict adherence to the program's provisions and standards regarding patient care within state-guaranteed services. This is achieved through contracts with the National Health Service of Ukraine (NHSU), ensuring patient access to relevant services, compliance with NHSU-established tariffs and service packages, and maintaining electronic documentation in accordance with MGP requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"399-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural peculiarities of the vascular plexuses of the cerebral ventricles during postnatal ontogenesis.","authors":"Larysa Ya Fedoniuk, Yaroslav O Bilyk, Oksana M Matolinets, Nataliia V Porokhovska, Oksana H Popadynets, Nadiya S Tokaruk, Olha M Herman","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218724","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/218724","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Aim: To study the structural features of vascular plexuses of the cerebral ventricles at different stages of ontogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Patients and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Materials and Methods: The results of the study were obtained by examining the vascular plexuses of the ventricles of the human brain. Brain specimens from people aged up to 86 years were examined. Macro-, micro- and submicroscopic, light-optical, and statistical methods were used to establish the morphological features of the structure and innervation and to identify the nerve-receptor apparatus of the vessels and tissue substrate of the vascular plexuses of the human brain ventricles at different stages of ontogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Results: Research has shown that the vascular plexuses of the ventricles of the human brain consist of epithelium and connective tissue with a large number of blood vessels. The plexus has villous and non-villous parts. The epithelium is represented by light and dark cells of cubic and flattened shape. The stroma of the vascular p lexus consists of collagen fibrils, protofibrils, and fibers enclosed in the ground substance. Fibroblasts are located here singly and in groups. A large number of microvilli and cilia are found on the apical surface of epithelial cells. The nuclei of epithelial cells are located near the basement membrane of the epithelium and can take on various shapes. Contacts between epithelial cells are most often in the form of tight junctions. A small number of macrophages and mast cells are found at the border with epithelial cells. It should be noted that vascular plexuses, in terms of vascularization, are organs with dual blood supply (trophic and functional). The basis of the vascular plexus is formed by blood vessels, which, after entering the thickness of the plexus, branch off from the main vessels running along the plexus into a microcirculatory bed with a highly complex structure. We have established that the diameters of microvessels undergo changes during ontogenesis that correlate with changes in the plexus itself, occurring simultaneously with the development of the brain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Conclussions: The basis of the vascular plexuses of the cerebral ventricles is formed by a collection of blood vessels - from muscular arteries to capillaries, which come into contact with the ependymal epithelium in the villi of the plexus. The microcirculatory bed is adapted to its connective tissue environment and is closely functionally related to the epithelium of the vascular organ. Capillaries with polar arrangement of fenestrated endothelial cells on the side of the vascular plexus epithelium predominate, indicating their active transport function and participation in the function of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier as part of the blood-brain barrier. Microvessels undergo changes during ontogenesis that correlate with changes in the plexus itself, which occu","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"336-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of psychological stress on skin aging: A literature review.","authors":"Zain Ahmed, Tanvi Prem Kumar, Agata Szynkaruk","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218249","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/218249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin aging is a multifactorial biological process driven by the interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic influences. Progressive deterioration of the dermal collagen fiber network represents a central structural hallmark of this process. Both the quantity and functional quality of cutaneous collagen are modified by numerous factors, including autoimmune disease, chronological aging and psychological stress. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the neuroendocrine, molecular and cellular pathways through which psychological stress may influence dermal collagen and elastin remodeling, thereby contributing to premature skin aging. Available evidence suggests that chronic activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system leads to increased glucocorticoid and catecholamine signaling, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix degradation and impaired epidermal barrier function. Understanding these mechanisms may support the development of integrated therapeutic strategies targeting stress-responsive pathways to preserve skin structure and function. Future studies that track patients over time and examine molecular changes are needed to turn these findings into ways to prevent or treat stress-related skin aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 3","pages":"588-591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological Detection of measles virus in association with IL-10 and IL-17 levels in aborted women.","authors":"Mohammed Jasim Mohammed Shallal, Hayder Raad Abbas, Nadia Saddam Fahad","doi":"10.36740/WLek/216769","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/216769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To investigate immunological markers that may be associated with measles viral infections in aborted women, specifically cytokines IL-10 and IL-17.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: From October 2024 to the end of December 2024, the study included 352 participants, comprising 176 females with a history of abortions and 176 females with normal pregnancies, who acted as a control group. Serum samples were analyzed for IL-10 and IL-17 using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: The serum level of IL-10 was significantly lower in women with abortion compared to the control group, with a median of 216.02 pg/ml versus 329.79 pg/ml, respectively (p<0.001). Similarly, the serum level of IL-17 was significantly higher in women with abortion compared to the control group, with a median of 85.24 pg/ml versus 51.76 pg/ml, respectively p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions:The main clinical features of a viral infection, such as measles, during pregnancy are fever. Correlation of IL-10 and IL-17 to measles infection in the control group: Measles IgM and IgG showed no significant correlation to IL-10 and IL-17 (p>0.05). In the abortion group, measles IgM and IgG showed significant positive correlation to IL-10 and IL-17 p<0.001, finally, family history is a significant risk factor for abortion.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"38-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental microbial contamination as potential risk for healthcare associated infections after dental procedures: a multicenter study.","authors":"Aidyn G Salmanov, Kostiantyn M Lykhota, Ella M Pavlenko, Ihor I Palyvoda, Oleh Tsymbalistyi, Roman O Mirza, Kristina Vataga, Oleksandr Yakush, Igor Yu Savchuk","doi":"10.36740/WLek/217264","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/217264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: Aim this study to the microbial and molecular analysis of environmental (air, water and surfaces) microbial contamination in Ukrainian dental clinics.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: This multicenter observational study was conducted between January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2024 in fifteen dental clinics located in five regions of Ukraine. Evaluation of the environmental contamination was performed according to microbial and molecular methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: During study period in dental clinics tap water, dental unit water systems, and water from the bottles attached to the dental chair units (before clinical activity and during clinical activities), and surfaces of dental equipment, and air (during clinical activities) was heavily contaminated with potential pathogens of healthcare associated infections (HAIs). The bacteria identified were mainly of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative species. The main potentially HAIpathogenic of bacteria were Escherichia coli (13%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (3.6%), Acinetobacter lwoffii (3.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (3.3%), Klebsiellaoxytoca (3.2%), Serratia marcescens (3.2%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (3.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (3.2%), Enterococcusfaecium (3.1%), Enterobacter cloacae (3%), Enterobacter aerogenes (2.9%), Burkholderia cepacia (2.6%), Providencia stuartii (2.5%), Proteus mirabilis (2.2%), Proteus rettgeri (2.1%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (2.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: During study period in dental clinics tap water, dental unit water systems, and water from the bottles attached to the dental chair units (before clinical activity and during clinical activities), and surfaces of dental equipment, and air (during clinical activities) was heavily contaminated with potential pathogens of HAIs. Patients are exposed during dental practice to an infective risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blockchain as a tool for resolving psychological and professional conflicts.","authors":"Borys P Savchuk, Oksana B Petrenko, Oksana S Kondur, Olga Y Snitovska, Iryna V Komar, Nataliia I Yelahina, Larysa Ya Fedoniuk","doi":"10.36740/WLek/217268","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/217268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To substantiate the idea and to develop and test an experimental program for the use of BGP as a component of blockchain technology to improve existing strategies for resolving pedagogical conflicts in educational institutions.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The research methodology synthesizes two components. The first is based on the experience of researching psychological and professional conflicts (essence, categories of participants, forms of behavior in conflict, etc.). The second component i.e. the BGP phenomenon is presented through the prism of conflict theory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: At the preparatory stage, three groups of experiment participants were identified, i.e. experimenters who developed its theoretical and technological principles; the control group (hereinafter CG) consisting of 56 undergraduate students of the 4th year of studying at the Pedagogical Faculty of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University (Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine), who participated in the ascertainment experiment; experimental group (hereinafter EG) consisting of 22 students separated from the CG, who participated in the formula and control stages of the experiment. To achieve consensus understanding in the BGP conflict allows to create a system that ensures clear transmission of information; protects against non-fulfillment of agreements; stipulates actions if one of the parties violates them. On this basis, the core idea is substantiated, according to which, to reach a consensus it is enough for the majority of the participants in the conflict to take an agreed compromise position, then the minority, by force of internal conviction, agrees and accepts the agreements reached.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: The presented results of the research generally confirmed the hypothesis that BGP, as a component of blockchain technology, can become a productive tool for resolving interpersonal and group conflicts in in various social and professional environments. The conceptual and methodological idea based on the analysis of the BGP phenomenon assumes that in order to resolve the conflict, it is not necessary to reach complete agreement between all its participants. To achieve understanding and consensus, it is enough for the majority to take an agreed compromise position, then the participants in the conflict who are in the minority, due to their internal moral convictions, will be forced to agree and fulfill the agreements reached by the majority.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"167-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer and apoptotic effect of alogliptin on A549 cancer cell line.","authors":"Safa Hussien Radhi Abbas, Ahsan F Bairam","doi":"10.36740/WLek/217851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/217851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To evaluate the anticancer, apoptotic, and antioxidant effects of Alo on A549 cells, both alone and in combination with CP, and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the death of cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The American Type Culture Collection's (ATCC) normal HBL100 cells and human lung A549 cells were used in the investigation. The cells were split into four groups. Following a 72-hour incubation period, ELISA assays were used to quantify the levels of the DPP-4 enzyme, apoptotic regulators (Bax and caspase-3), and oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde) in lung cancer cell and normal cell lines. One-way ANOVA with significance set at P < 0.05 were used in the statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results: The findings showed that Alo reduced the activity of the DPP-4 enzyme in both cell lines (P < 0.0001). Molecular analysis showed a considerable increase in pro-apoptotic markers (BAX, Caspase-3). Higher amounts of malondialdehyde were indicative of increased oxidative stress in both monotherapy and combination. But in HBL 100 cells, Alo decreased BAX, caspase-3, and MDA levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ConclusionS: Alo has caused cancer cell death through a variety of mechanisms, such as DPP4 inhibition, apoptotic pathway activation, and oxidative stress enhancement based on DPP-4, BAX, caspase-3, and MDA measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"346-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of ensuring the protection of personal and other medical data in the field of transplantation and reproductive technologies in the digital environment.","authors":"Viktor Zaborovskyy, Vasyl Manzyuk, Vasyl Fennych, Stanislav Shchoka","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To study the legal, technical, and organisational issues of ensuring the confidentiality of personal and other medical data, in particular, in the context of the use of mobile medical applications (mHealth), various sets (bases) of medical data, in transplantology and the use of ART.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The research materials comprised scholarly publications, legal acts, analytical reports from international organizations, and judicial practice relating to the problems of ensuring confidentiality and protection of personal and medical data in healthcare, particularly in transplantology and ART within the digital environment. The search for sources was conducted using international and national scientometric and legal databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as official repositories of regulatory and legal acts of the European Union, the United States, and Ukraine. The chronological scope of the search covered the period from 2015 to 2025, which is justified by the rapid development of digital medicine, mobile health applications (mHealth), biobanks, and the growing incidence of cyber threats in the healthcare sector during this time frame. The search was conducted using the following keywords and their combinations in Ukrainian and English: confidentiality of medical data, personal data, digital medicine, mHealth, cybersecurity, protection of medical information, transplantology, and ART.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusions: Confidentiality is a fundamental component of the relationship between a doctor and a patient, which should be based on mutual trust, especially in the field of transplantology and the use of ART, which require medical professionals not only to clearly apply the norms of legislation in this area, but also to adhere to high moral and ethical standards of professional activity, taking into account, the need for permanent exchange of information between many participants in such special legal relations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"440-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of the prevalence of thyroid gland diseases among the adult population.","authors":"Larysa Ya Fedoniuk, Yaroslav O Bilyk, Nataliia V Porokhovska, Oksana M Matolinets, Mariia I Kulitska","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aim: To content analysis the problem of thyroid disorders and thyroid gland pathology among adults in Ukraine and Ternopil region.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Materials and Methods: The research was conducted during 2021-2025 in several stages on the base of scientific literature about endocrine system disorders. At the theoretical stage, the state of problem development in the scientific literature of oiodine deficiency was studied. 75 scientific papers were used for the analysis, which were searched for using the following keywords: goitre, hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, thyroiditis, iodine deficiency. Statistical data was also collected and analyzed on the incidence of iodine deficiency disorders among the adult population of Ukraine, particularly in the Ternopil region. International manuscripts and articles on the problem of oiodine deficiency diseases were studied also, such as: Diffuse goitre, Nodular goitre, Hypothyroidism, Postoperative hypothyroidism, Thyrotoxicosis, Thyroiditis; Ukraininan experience was analyzed and generalized.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclussions: The reason for iodine deficiency is the consequences of the Chernobyl accident and negative state of the environment due to a natural deficiency of iodine and other elements. The scientific report shows the need to inform about preventive and health-improving measures among the adult population, depending on regional characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"425-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}