Wiadomosci lekarskie最新文献_第3页

Current landscape of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy: challenges and future perspectives - a literature review. 光动力疗法中光敏剂的现状：挑战和未来展望-文献综述。

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/215319

Barbara Lipka, Michał Lipka, Mikołaj Rycerski, Małgorzata Toroń, Antoni Wołoszyn, Wojciech Tokarczyk, Jakub Mordarski

{"title":"Current landscape of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy: challenges and future perspectives - a literature review.","authors":"Barbara Lipka, Michał Lipka, Mikołaj Rycerski, Małgorzata Toroń, Antoni Wołoszyn, Wojciech Tokarczyk, Jakub Mordarski","doi":"10.36740/WLek/215319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/215319","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: To provide an updated overview of photodynamic therapy (PDT), emphasizing the evolution of photosensitizers, their mechanisms of action, and current challenges and innovations aimed at improving therapeutic outcomes.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A structured literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases to identify studies published between 2000 and 2025. Search terms included photodynamic therapy, photosensitizers, nanoparticles, reactive oxygen species, and drug delivery systems. Experimental studies, clinical trials, and review articles focused on photosensitizer development and applications were analyzed. Photosensitizers have advanced through three generations. First-generation agents such as Photofrin demonstrated clinical success but were hindered by shallow tissue penetration and prolonged photosensitivity. Second-generation compounds achieved stronger absorption within the therapeutic window (650-800 nm) and higher singlet oxygen yields but encountered solubility and delivery limitations. Third-generation systems integrate targeting ligands or nanocarriers, improving selectivity, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics. Despite these advances, PDT remains limited by insufficient light penetration, tumor hypoxia, and non-specific toxicity, and is therefore used only in select clinical settings. Recent approaches, such as multifunctional theranostic photosensitizers, gene-encoded PSs, and combination therapies with immunotherapy or chemotherapy, aim to overcome these barriers.Conclusion: Conclusions: Continued innovation in photosensitizer chemistry, nanotechnology-based delivery, and combination strategies promises to enhance PDT's selectivity, depth, and clinical effectiveness across oncology, dermatology, and infectious disease treatment.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"408-416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA repair RAD 18 rs373572 and OGG1 rs1052133 genes polymorphisms association with histological characterization of renal cell carcinoma. DNA修复RAD 18 rs373572和OGG1 rs1052133基因多态性与肾细胞癌组织学特征的关系

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/217773

Iftikhar Khdhair Abbas Altemimi, Binan Adil Mohammed Ameen, Mona N Al-Terehi, Liwaa Mahdi Hussein

{"title":"DNA repair RAD 18 rs373572 and OGG1 rs1052133 genes polymorphisms association with histological characterization of renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Iftikhar Khdhair Abbas Altemimi, Binan Adil Mohammed Ameen, Mona N Al-Terehi, Liwaa Mahdi Hussein","doi":"10.36740/WLek/217773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/217773","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: Validate the association RAD18 Arg302Gln (rs373572) and OGG1 Ser326Cys (rs1052133) - with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) susceptibility and histopathological characterization.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: present study compromised of 37 patients with RCC and control group consisted of 28 healthy apparently individuals. A case control study was conducted using Hand E staining and allele-specific PCR for genes genotyping.Results: Results: The cohort comprised cases with subtypes clear cell, chromophobe, and variant RCC. A significant link was detected between OGG1 rs1052133 and RCC risk (p = 0.006), with the GG genotype being strongly linked to disease p=0.005. Haplotype demonstrated a significant relations of the GC with RCC (p=0.013). LD test revealed a significant association between RAD18 and OGG1 loci (χ2 = 9.214, p = 0.027), with r- value of 0 in cases and 0.14 in controls. Histopathological correlations revealed that OGG1 rs1052133 genotypes demonstrated a highly significant association with RCC p<0.001. RAD18 rs373572 genotypes were significantly closed link with tumor stage p=0.001. TNM classification revealed a significant relationship with RAD18 genotypes p=0.017.Conclusion: Conclusions: A significant relationship between OGG1 rs1052133 and both RCC susceptibility and cancer histological subtype, proposed a potential role in the pathogenesis of disease. RAD18 rs373572 showed relevance to tumor stage and TNM classification, indicating a possible impact in disease progression rather than initiation.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"317-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The right to psychiatric assistance in places of deprivation of liberty: european standards. 在剥夺自由场所获得精神援助的权利：欧洲标准。

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/213764

Olga Tyshchenko, Andrii Hnatiuk, Inna Bespalko

{"title":"The right to psychiatric assistance in places of deprivation of liberty: european standards.","authors":"Olga Tyshchenko, Andrii Hnatiuk, Inna Bespalko","doi":"10.36740/WLek/213764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/213764","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: The article aims to deepen the scientific discussion on ensuring the right to psychiatric assistance in places of deprivation of liberty.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: In preparing the article, the following were examined: the provisions of international legal instruments regulating adequate treatment of persons suffering from mental disorders; relevant legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights in this regard; and scholarly research within the outlined vector of scientific inquiry. The methodological basis of the study consists of dialectical, comparative-legal, systemic-structural, analytical, synthetic, and comprehensive methods.Conclusion: Conclusions: The current case law of the European Court of Human Rights indicates that subparagraph \"e\" of paragraph 1 of Article 5 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (lawful detention of persons of unsound mind) serves two protective functions: a social one (ensuring the protection of society) and a therapeutic one (providing the person with adequate treatment while in detention). The comprehensive concept of \"adequate treatment of a person suffering from mental disorders\" includes the following components: a) an individual treatment plan; b) an appropriate institution; c) the language in which the treatment is provided. Adequate treatment is an integral part of the concept of an \"appropriate institution\". The right to adequate treatment becomes illusory if there is a language barrier between the medical staff and the patient suffering from mental disorders.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"417-424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of the MIND diet in prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A literature review. MIND饮食在预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病中的作用：文献综述。

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/217286

Jan Krupa, Maciej Malinowski, Michał Krasowski, Alicja Kalinowska, Wiktoria Pietras, Adrian Kozieł, Zofia Kurek, Aleksander Jentkiewicz, Esmail Haj Obeid, Jakub Ulrych

{"title":"The role of the MIND diet in prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A literature review.","authors":"Jan Krupa, Maciej Malinowski, Michał Krasowski, Alicja Kalinowska, Wiktoria Pietras, Adrian Kozieł, Zofia Kurek, Aleksander Jentkiewicz, Esmail Haj Obeid, Jakub Ulrych","doi":"10.36740/WLek/217286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/217286","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: Recent research increasingly point to modifiable risk factors, especially dietary patterns, as potential tools to prevent or delay neurodegeneration. This review evaluates the impact of the MIND diet on the prevention and progression of AD and compares it with other dietary interventions.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles published from January 2015 to January 2025, focusing on the influence of the MIND diet, as well as other dietary patterns, on AD progression and cognitive performance.Conclusion: Conclusions: While the MIND diet shows promise as a feasible non-pharmacological strategy, current evidence is largely observational and limited by population heterogeneity and inconsistent adherence definitions. Short-term randomized controlled trials are less conclusive. Long-term clinical trials are needed to establish causality. Despite these limitations, the MIND diet remains a practical and potentially effective approach to reducing cognitive decline and delaying the onset of AD.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"390-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization and validation of an HPLC method for the quantification of Etodolac in liposomes and assessment of its pharmacokinetic profile. 高效液相色谱法测定脂质体中依托度酸含量及药动学分析的优化与验证。

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/216771

Fatimah M H Wais, Sarmad Al-Edresi

{"title":"Optimization and validation of an HPLC method for the quantification of Etodolac in liposomes and assessment of its pharmacokinetic profile.","authors":"Fatimah M H Wais, Sarmad Al-Edresi","doi":"10.36740/WLek/216771","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/216771","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: To develop and evaluate high performance liquid chromatogram method to simultaneously quantify Etodolac in liposomes.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The chromatographic separation was carried out on the C18 column, mobile phase of methanol: acetonitrile: water at a ratio of (30:60:10) and a flow rate of (1ml.min-1), with a detection wavelength of 225 nm. Liposomes were prepared by thin film hydrating method using Distearoylphosphatidylcholine and cholesterol.Results: Results: Linear concentration range of the assay was 2.5-25 µg.ml-1 with a regression coefficient factor R2 ≥ 0.999 with a retention time of Etodolac 4.11 ± 0.081 min. The method was rigorously validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, and stability, ensuring its reliability. The concentrations of Etodolac 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 µg.ml-1 were used, with the intraday n=6 and intraday n=6 precision and accuracy for Etodolac meeting the accepted criteria of the United States Food and Drug Administration guideline. The limited detection and limited quantification values for Etodolac were 0.42 µg.ml-1 and 1.3 µg.ml-1, respectively. Conventional liposomes have characterization (PZ 88 ± 0.02, PDI 0.012 ± 0.01, %EE 89.5 ± 0.004, and Z-potential -10.2mV ± 0.001), while PEGylated liposomes (PZ 92 ± 0.003, PDI 0.01 ± 0.02, %EE 94.3% ± 0.01, and Z-potential -13.6mV ± 0.012).Conclusion: Conclusions: The developed and validated method of HPLC was successfully applied to determine Etodolac in bulk and liposomes for routine quantitative analysis.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"15-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ag/Cu₂O nanocomposites as an alternative antimicrobial agent for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Ag/Cu₂O纳米复合材料作为耐多药细菌感染的替代抗菌剂。

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/217263

Igor Duzhyi, Petro Myronov, Tetiana Ivakhniuk, Roman Pshenychnyi, Oleksandr Pylypenko, Anatolii Opanasyuk, Viktoriia Holubnycha, Vladyslav Smiianov

{"title":"Ag/Cu₂O nanocomposites as an alternative antimicrobial agent for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.","authors":"Igor Duzhyi, Petro Myronov, Tetiana Ivakhniuk, Roman Pshenychnyi, Oleksandr Pylypenko, Anatolii Opanasyuk, Viktoriia Holubnycha, Vladyslav Smiianov","doi":"10.36740/WLek/217263","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/217263","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: To investigate the physicochemical properties and antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of nanocomposites Ag/Cu2O synthesized by the polyol method.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The nanocomposites Ag/Cu2O were synthesized using the polyol method, followed by a study of their physicochemical properties. The antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of the nanocomposites Ag/Cu2O were investigated against multidrug-resistant clinical strains of bacteria S. aureus, E.coli, and P. aeruginosa.Results: Results: Nanocomposites Ag/Cu2O, were mostly spherical in shape and had an average size of 135.6±65 nm. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the presenceof Ag and Ag/Cu2O phases. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed the following elemental composition: 13.05% silver, 31.81% copper, and 55.14% oxygen. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy suggested the potential presence of silver oxides in the structure. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values were as follows: for S. aureus, the minimum inhibitory concentration was 52.08±18.04 µg/ml, and the minimum bactericidal concentration - 72.92±47.74 µg/ml; for P. aeruginosa - 26.04±9.02 µg/ml, and 41.67±18.04 µg/ml, respectively; and for E. coli - 83.33±36.08 µg/ml, and 208.30±72.17 µg/ml, respectively. The nanocomposites Ag/Cu2O NCs also demonstrated antibiofilm activity, being effective against S. aureus at 3 and 5 times the minimum bactericidal concentration, against E. coli at 1, 3, and 5 times the minimum bactericidal concentration, and against P. aeruginosa at 5 times the minimum bactericidal concentration.Conclusion: Conclusions: The nanocomposites Ag/Cu2O revealed high antibacterial and antibiofilm properties, which support their use as an alternative to conventional antibiotics in nanomedicine for treating multidrug-resistant infections.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of calcitonin gene-related peptide levels with cardiovascular disease in hypertensive male patients. 降钙素基因相关肽水平与高血压男性患者心血管疾病的关系

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/215250

Nahlah F Makkia, Mustafa M Khalil

{"title":"Association of calcitonin gene-related peptide levels with cardiovascular disease in hypertensive male patients.","authors":"Nahlah F Makkia, Mustafa M Khalil","doi":"10.36740/WLek/215250","DOIUrl":"10.36740/WLek/215250","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim:The current study aimed to investigate the association between CGRP, lipid profile, and atherogenic indices in hypertensive male patients with respect to cardiovascular risk.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: Fifty-four male HTN patients and 45 healthy controls (ages 51-69) were enrolled. The subjects were divided into two subgroups according to LAP: Group 1 was HTN patients with LAP (≤50), and Group 2 was HTN patients with LAP >50. Serum CGRP (pg/mL) was measured via ELISA; lipid profiles and atherogenic indices were assessed spectrophotometrically.Results: Results: The mean values of WHR, VAI, LAP, SBP, DBP, atherogenic indices, and lipid profile in the HTN patients showed a statistically significant increase compared to the control, except CGRP and HDL-C, which revealed a significant decrease (P < 0.001). Also, the G2 displayed a decrease in CGRP compared to the G1. After adjusting for main hazard factors, the relation between CGRP and CVD remained significant in the multivariate analysis. The curve of ROC based on CGRP levels to indicate the existence of CVD in HTN patients was 0.80. Additionally, the AUC of CGRP was 0.82 in patients with a LAP greater than 50, compared to those with a LAP less than 50.Conclusion: Conclusions: These findings indicate that reduced CGRP levels are significantly associated with higher CVD risk in hypertensive men, suggesting that CGRP may be explored as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment in future longitudinal studies.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 1","pages":"148-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of kidney transplantation in lurus nephritis: Literature review. 肾移植治疗肾炎的疗效：文献综述。

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/210012

Jaroslav Tolstyak

{"title":"Effectiveness of kidney transplantation in lurus nephritis: Literature review.","authors":"Jaroslav Tolstyak","doi":"10.36740/WLek/210012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/210012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: Conducting a scientific analysis of domestic and foreign sources of information regarding modern conceptual views diagnostic and effectiveness of kidney transplantation in Lupus Nephritis.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: Used methods of historical-bibliographic and systematic approach. The search for literary sources was carried out in four main scientific databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, The review included original articles, research, and official recommendations from medical associations. The search query used in both platforms was: («lupus nephritis» AND «kidney transplantation»). In Google Scholar, the results were limited to publications from 2017 to 2024. As a result of the search, Google Scholar provided 25 relevant articles, while PubMed yielded 57.Conclusion: Conclusions: Scientific analysis confirmed better survival rates and a lower complication rate compared to hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Survival rates for kidney transplantation over 5 to 10 years are comparable to those for patients with other diseases. Identifying new serological and immunological markers is crucial for the early diagnosis and prevention of acute kidney damage and subsequent graft loss.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"384-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The surgical versus non-surgical approach to the management of acute cholelithiasis within the elderly population: A narrative review. 老年人群急性胆石症的手术与非手术治疗：一篇叙述性综述。

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/217729

Ehtesam A Chowdhury, Olivia C Jadeja, Surajit Sinha

{"title":"The surgical versus non-surgical approach to the management of acute cholelithiasis within the elderly population: A narrative review.","authors":"Ehtesam A Chowdhury, Olivia C Jadeja, Surajit Sinha","doi":"10.36740/WLek/217729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/217729","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: This narrative review aims to critically evaluate current evidence comparing surgical and non-surgical management strategies for acute cholelithiasis in elderly patients, focusing on outcomes, risks, and decision-making factors unique to this population.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in MEDLINER, Embase™, PubMedR, and Google Scholar™ using the terms: \"acute cholecystitis,\" \"cholelithiasis,\" \"elderly,\" \"surgical management,\" \"laparoscopic cholecystectomy,\" \"non-surgical,\" and \"percutaneous cholecystostomy.\" Studies published between 2005 and 2025 were included if they evaluated outcomes such as morbidity, mortality, recurrence, and hospital stay in elderly patients. Both surgical and non-operative management strategies were compared, including antibiotic therapy and cholecystostomy. Articles were selected in accordance with PRISMA principles.Conclusion: Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains the gold standard for acute gallstone disease but carries higher morbidity and mortality in elderly patients due to comorbidities and frailty. Non-operative approaches such as percutaneous cholecystostomy, or antibiotic therapy may reduce immediate surgical risk but are associated with higher recurrence and readmission rates. Optimal management requires an individualised, multidisciplinary approach considering physiological reserve, inflammatory markers, and patient preference. More prospective studies are needed to standardise risk stratification and management pathways specific to geriatric patients with acute cholelithiasis.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 2","pages":"370-376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The gut-brain axis and its role in obesity-induced homeostatic dysregulation. 肠脑轴及其在肥胖诱导的体内平衡失调中的作用。

Wiadomosci lekarskie Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.36740/WLek/218289

Justyna Paczwa, Caroline Wu, Jessica Mulica, Kittiyakorn Siwasan, Kelsey Fuentes, Dorota Razowska

{"title":"The gut-brain axis and its role in obesity-induced homeostatic dysregulation.","authors":"Justyna Paczwa, Caroline Wu, Jessica Mulica, Kittiyakorn Siwasan, Kelsey Fuentes, Dorota Razowska","doi":"10.36740/WLek/218289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36740/WLek/218289","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Aim: The gut-brain axis (GBA) plays a crucial role in maintaining systemic homeostasis through bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. This review aims to summarize current evidence regarding the impact of obesity on GBA function and to discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway.Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using scientific publications indexed in databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and the European Journal of Endocrinology. Studies addressing obesity-related alterations in neural signaling, gut microbiota composition, and peptide hormone regulation (e.g., cholecystokinin, peptide YY, ghrelin) were analyzed. Particular attention was given to mechanisms involving dopaminergic reward circuits and emerging therapeutic targets such as ghrelin antagonists, gamma-aminobutyric acid modulators, and melanocortin-4 receptor agonists. Evidence indicates that obesity is associated with significant alterations in gut microbiota composition, vagal signaling, and neuroendocrine regulation of appetite and reward pathways. These changes contribute to dysregulation of nutrient absorption, inflammatory responses, and metabolic homeostasis. Both invasive and non-invasive interventions - including dietary modification, microbiome-targeted therapies, pharmacological agents, and neurostimulation techniques - show potential to modulate GBA signaling and restore physiological balance.Conclusion: Conclusions: Understanding the complex relationship between obesity and the gut-brain axis may provide novel therapeutic targets for improving metabolic regulation and reducing obesity-related complications. Further clinical and translational studies are required to confirm the long-term effectiveness of GBAoriented interventions.","PeriodicalId":23643,"journal":{"name":"Wiadomosci lekarskie","volume":"79 3","pages":"597-604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147655052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0