Urology Annals最新文献

{"title":"Atlas of predictive tools and scoring systems for outcomes in patients with posterior urethral valves: A comprehensive review of the literature.","authors":"Leo Edward Fitzgerald Gradwell, Khalid Fouda Neel, Abdullah Khalid Fouda Neel, Bhaskar K Somani","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_31_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_31_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posterior urethral valves (PUVs) are a common cause of congenital bladder outlet obstruction and obstructive uropathy in male infants and are a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD)/end-stage renal failure (ESRF) in the pediatric population. Despite this, it remains challenging to predict which patients will go on to develop CKD/ESRF, and thus management and follow-up are left to the discretion of the treating department. Many different methods have been proposed to predict outcomes in these patients and several tools, including predictive scores and models, have been published. Here, we provide an up-to-date summary of the tools currently published. A comprehensive search of literature available on MEDLINE and Google Scholar was performed to identify scoring systems, predictive models, and predictive tools relating to progression to CKD/ESRF/bladder dysfunction in patients with PUVs. Six predictive tools were identified and so were included in the analysis. Three are based on clinical/biochemical findings, 2 utilize machine learning/artificial intelligence, and one is purely based on radiological findings. Three out of 6 have undergone some form of external validation. Four provide a numerical risk and 2 stratify patients into risk categories. There are currently 6 predictive tools that have been published that quantify the risk of developing long-term complications associated with PUVs. Further validation is required to establish these scores/predictive models as a clinical standard of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 4","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving paradigms in endourology - Toward precision, patient-centeredness, and sustainability.","authors":"Bhaskar K Somani, Wissam Kamal","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_131_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_131_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 4","pages":"207-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The natural history of failed shock wave lithotripsy: Redo-shock wave lithotripsy versus ureterorenoscopy and laser lithotripsy - A single-center comparative study in a university teaching hospital setting.","authors":"Matthias Stach, Philipp Baumeister, Luca Afferi, Bhaskar K Somani, Julian Cornelius, Agostino Mattei, Nico Christian Grossmann, Christoph M Würnschimmel","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_82_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_82_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although the usage rates of ureterorenoscopy (URS) for treatment of urolithiasis have increased, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) remains a widely employed primary treatment option due to its less invasive character. However, in cases of primary ESWL failure, the optimal choice of secondary treatment, whether secondary ESWL (sESWL) or secondary URS (sURS) in terms of safety and efficacy, remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 62 urolithiasis patients who underwent sESWL (<i>n</i> = 31) or sURS (<i>n</i> = 31) at a single tertiary referral center between March 2014 and November 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Key outcome parameters included tertiary reintervention rates, stone-free rates, and complication rates. Subgroup analyses were performed based on stone localization (kidney versus ureter) and stone size (<10 mm versus >10 mm).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tertiary reintervention rates were significantly higher in the sESWL group (42%) compared to the sURS group (16%, <i>P</i> = 0.05). Stone-free rates at 6 weeks were lower in the sESWL group (29%) compared to the sURS group (84%, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Complication rates were 13% (4/31) in the sESWL group versus 6% (2/31) in the sURS group (<i>P</i> = 0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>sESWL is associated with a significantly higher rate of tertiary reintervention compared to sURS. However, in terms of safety, no statistically significant differences in complication rates between the two modalities were observed, and choice of tertiary treatment may therefore be made on individual discussion with the patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 4","pages":"257-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome analysis of percutaneous nephrostomy insertion to relieve urinary obstruction in advanced malignancy.","authors":"Kalpesh Parmar, Heain Zaw Htun, Angel John, Stefanos Bolomytis, Kesavapilla Subramonian, Bhavan Prasad Rai, Bhaskar Somani, Joe Philip","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_74_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_74_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim is to evaluate the benefits of percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) for urinary drainage in patients with malignancy-associated urinary obstruction (MUO). This study examines the impact of PCN on immediate renal recovery, procedural morbidity, short-term outcomes, and patient survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 477 patients with ureteric obstruction underwent PCN placement, of whom one-third had MUO. Demographic and clinical parameters were reviewed to assess renal outcomes, complication rates, hospital stay, and overall survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly two-thirds of the patients with MUO had a primary urological malignancy (bladder cancer 30% and prostate cancer 25%). The mean hospital stay was <7 weeks, with patients with gynecological malignancies experiencing the shortest admissions. During the study period, 59 (37%) patients died. The overall median survival was 107 weeks, with the shortest survival observed in patients with primary colorectal cancer (median 34 weeks). Patients with primary bladder and prostate malignancies demonstrated higher median survival compared to other malignancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MUO often represents advanced disease in colorectal and gynecological cancers. PCN can be beneficial for selected patients who are candidates for further oncological treatment. However, it should be considered only after careful discussion regarding the potential need for long-term nephrostomy, procedural morbidity, and quality-of-life impact. Although PCN achieved high rates of renal function recovery and had low complication rates (12%-17%), the underlying malignancy and associated social factors contributed to prolonged hospital stays, sometimes accounting for up to one-third of a patient's remaining life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 4","pages":"239-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bringing the lab home: Evaluating the clinical accuracy of five urinary pH devices for stone prevention.","authors":"Marina Garcés Valverde, Pedro Campillo Martinez, Arman Tsaturyan, Angelis Peteinaris, Amelia Pietropaolo, Lukas Nowak, Emre Sener, Liliana E Garcés Proaño, Francisco Javier Lopez Vivo, José Luis Duró-Torrijos, Bhaskar K Somani, Begoña Ballesta Martinez","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_78_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_78_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of five different manual urine pH measurement devices against the laboratory reference method.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fresh second-morning midstream urine samples were collected from patients with a history of urolithiasis and from healthy volunteers. Measurements were performed using five different models of manual pH meters purchased from a popular general online shopping platform: Two were paper strip meters (Just Fitter and Simplex Health) and three were electronic meters (Pancellent, Yummici, and GuDoQi [QBY]). Results were compared to the reference method used in the institution's laboratory which uses the Siemens Clinitek Novus machine (Siemens AG, Munich, Germany). The degree of correlation between each device was assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-two fresh urine samples were analyzed. The ICC for Just Fitter paper strip meter was 0.792 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.685-0.865), for Simplex Health paper strip meter was 0.830 (95% CI 0.723-0.895), for Pancellent electronic meter was 0.873 (95% CI 0.804-0.919), for Yummici electronic meter was 0.866 (95% CI 0.780-0.918), and for GuDoQi electronic meter was 0.848 (95% CI 0.555-0.93).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All five urinary pH measuring tools showed good correlation with the reference method (ICC > 0.75), with electronic meters being superior to paper strips, and Pancellent brand being the closest to the reference test. According to these results, manual pH meters, especially electronic models may be considered an acceptable alternative to frequent hospital urinary pH measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 4","pages":"245-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"5-aminolevulinic acid-induced fluorescence cystoscopy for photodynamic diagnosis of bladder tumors: Oral versus intravesical administration.","authors":"Ziad Alnaieb, Elsawi Osman, Shima Medani","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_24_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_24_25","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective study aimed at comparing orally administered 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) to the intravesical (IV) route for the &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; photodynamic diagnosis (PDD), follow-up, and guided transurethral resection of bladder tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A comparative retrospective review was conducted on adult patients who underwent 5-ALA-assisted cystoscopy for bladder tumor detection. Participants were divided into Group A, who received oral (ALA onco) powder, while Group B received 5-ALA intravesically. A comprehensive assessment, including patient history, physical examination, cytological urine analysis, ultrasound, and computed tomography scans, was performed. The sensitivity and specificity of white light cystoscopy were compared to PDD cystoscopy using both 5-ALA administration routes. Furthermore, the diagnostic accuracy of the oral versus the intarvesical route was directly compared. The associated toxicities were also identified. Patients were further categorized based on the morphological presence of muscle invasion. A further subgroup statistical analysis for the nonmuscle invasive category was carried out. Chi-square test was used to calculate (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;) value for statistical significance, while Cohen's d was used to assess the effect size. The confidence interval (CI) was denoted as 95%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 88 participants were included. Group A comprised 10 patients (8 males, aged 40-70 years), while Group B included 78 patients (58 males, aged 29-75 years). Oral 5-ALA demonstrated a sensitivity of 96%, compared to 60% for white light with a statistically significant difference (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.025) with (95% CI 0.201-0.519). In terms of specificity, oral 5-ALA was statistically superior at 94%, compared to 80% with &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.024 (95% CI 0.160-0.519). On the other hand, IV 5-ALA showed 85.12% sensitivity compared to 70% for white light, which is statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.021) and (95% CI 0.231-0.279). There was no difference between white light and IV 5 ALA with regard to specificity (50% for both). On direct comparison, there was a statistically significant difference in favor of the oral form in terms of specificity (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.008) with (95% CI 0.256, 0.624), whereas the oral 5-ALA showed higher sensitivity with no statistical difference. PDD significantly outperformed white light in detecting nonmuscle-invasive tumors as it picked up 24% additional lesions. During 15-24 months of follow-up, no recurrence was observed in Group A, while 29 patients (approximately one-third) in Group B experienced recurrence. No significant adverse effects were reported. Patients with bilharzia-associated bladder carcinoma did not behave differently.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;PDD using oral 5-ALA demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to IV administration and white light cystoscopy along with lower recurrence rate, making ","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 3","pages":"173-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of radical prostatectomy and external beam radiotherapy in high-risk prostate cancer.","authors":"Peerapon Sangthong, Nattapong Binsri, Sarayut Kanjanatarayon, Weerayut Wiriyabanditkul, Thanisorn Pattanasuwon, Satit Siriboonrid","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_21_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_21_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We evaluated the clinical outcome of high-risk prostate cancer patients receiving radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients were classified as high-risk prostate cancer and received definitive treatment between 2013 and 2023. Patients with previous pelvic RT and incomplete medical record were excluded. The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (MFS). The secondary outcomes were factors for progression and metastasis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 244 patients analyzed (89 RP and 155 RT); the estimated 10-year PFS was 49.9% in the RP and 75.5% in the RT (<i>P</i> = 0.013). No significant difference was seen in the distant MFS (<i>P</i> = 0.177) and overall survival (<i>P</i> = 0.052). Univariate and multivariate were analyzed; the factor for progress or metastasis was initial prostate-specific antigen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data demonstrated that RT offers superiority over RP in PFS, whereas distant metastasis was similar.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 3","pages":"144-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of perioperative outcomes in open radical cystectomy, laparoscopic radical cystectomy, and robotic-assisted radical cystectomy.","authors":"Vishal Narkhede, Siddhant Bolar, Deepanshu Aggarwal, Rudra Prasad Ghorai, Sidhartha Kalra, Lalgudi Narayanan Dorairajan, Sreerag Kodakkattil Sreenivasan","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_98_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_98_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Radical cystectomy (RC) is the standard treatment for muscle-invasive and high-risk nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer. The impact of minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) such as laparoscopic and robot-assisted RC (RARC) on outcomes and morbidity remains debated, especially in India. This study compares perioperative outcomes and complications of open RC (ORC), laparoscopic RC (LRC), and RARC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 186 patients who underwent ORC, LRC, or RARC at our institution between October 2013 and April 2024. Preoperative parameters such as age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and chemotherapy status were recorded. Postoperative parameters including operative time, blood loss, return of bowel function, complications, and survival rates were analyzed. Pathological parameters such as stages, lymph node yield, and positive surgical margins were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 120 ORC, 56 RARC, and 10 LRC patients. The median age was highest in the laparoscopic group (67.4 ± 6.33 years) with a higher BMI (26.22 ± 5.24). Operative time was longest for RARC (414 ± 115.7 min) versus 357.96 ± 60.08 for ORC (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.0001), but blood loss was lowest (413.39 ± 165.55 ml) versus 518.33 ± 171.49 for ORC (<i>P</i> = 0.0001). Return of bowel function was fastest in the RARC group (4.27 + 2.79 days). Complications were highest in the ORC group (70.83%) compared to RARC (51.78%) (<i>P</i> = 0.03). Mean lymph node yield was highest in RARC (24.35 ± 3.06) versus Lap RC (22 ± 2.87) and ORC (19.47 ± 3.56) (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.0001). Overall survival rate was 78.57% for RARC compared to 74.16% for ORC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that while RARC provides advantages in blood loss, complication rates, and mean lymph node yield, its longer operative time necessitates further optimization. The study highlights the importance of considering patient-specific factors and regional contexts in surgical approach decisions, with RARC showing promising results.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 3","pages":"179-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of thulium fiber laser in ureteric calculi - Prospective study.","authors":"Siddanagouda B Patil, Vinay S Kundargi, Santosh R Patil, Nawaz A Shariff, Manoj Kiran Vaidya, Vikas Shukla","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_74_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_74_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of the study was to analyze the efficacy and safety of superpulsed thulium fiber laser (TFL) lithotripsy and to identify the ideal laser settings.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Patients with ureteric stones were included prospectively. We performed Lithotripsy by superpulsed TFL 400 micron laser fiber, UROLASE SP+ (60W), IPG IRE POLUS Russia. Semirigid ureteroscope 6/7.5 Ch (Scholly, Denzlingen, Germany) was used. Demographic data and stone parameters such as stone size, volume, density, position, and laterality were recorded. The efficacy of lithotripsy was analyzed by measuring total energy, laser time, ablation efficacy, ablation speed, and energy consumption. Stone retropulsion and visibility were assessed using a three-point Likert scale. Complications were assessed using the Clavien-Dindo classification system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-one patients underwent URSL for ureteric calculi. The mean stone size was 9.5 mm. The mean stone volume was 268.3 mm³. The mean stone density was 839.5HU. The stone-free rate at 3 months was 92.3% (84/91). The complication rate was 12% (11 patients).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SuperPulsed thulium-fiber laser provides safe and effective lithotripsy in Ureteric calculi. Ideal laser settings for ureteric stone are 0.9J × 10 Hz for fragmentation and 0.2J × 20 Hz for dusting.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 3","pages":"161-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is percutaneous nephrolithotomy in thrombocytosis patient safe? A retrospective case series analysis.","authors":"Bimalesh Purkait, Himadri Pathak, Kaushik Sarkar, Argha Mondal, Sachin Kumar Karnwal, Anjan Kumar Das","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_102_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_102_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the gold standard for large and complex renal stone despite other available modalities. PCNL techniques have been evolved with many modifications and innovation in the recent decade. It can be safely performed in elderly patient and children with highest stone-free rate (SFR) among all other modalities. However, as PCNL is a blind procedure, chance of bleeding is very high than other surgical modalities. If patient already had, hematological problem, then perioperative risk of bleeding increased significantly. We are presenting few cases of PCNL in thrombocytosis child and young adult. This is a retrospective analysis of four renal stone patients from 2017 to 2024. Surgical outcomes such as SFR and complications were analyzed and discussed. There were no major perioperative bleeding problems in our study. Mild-to-moderate thrombocytosis does not pose extra risk to bleeding. However, hematology opinion and informed decision are needed for risk stratification before performing PCNL.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 3","pages":"201-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}