Veterinary immunology and immunopathology最新文献

{"title":"Expression and field evaluation of new Mycobacterium bovis antigens","authors":"Luciana Villafañe ,&nbsp;Rosana Valeria Rocha ,&nbsp;María Mercedes Bigi ,&nbsp;Laura Inés Klepp ,&nbsp;Oscar Alberto Taboga ,&nbsp;Marina Andrea Forrellad ,&nbsp;María Gabriela López ,&nbsp;Fabiana Bigi","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) represents a threat to livestock production. <em>Mycobacterium bovis</em> is the main causative agent of bTB and a pathogen capable of infecting wildlife and humans. Eradication programs based on surveillance in slaughterhouses with mandatory testing and culling of reactive cattle have failed to eradicate bTB in many regions worldwide. Therefore, developing effective tools to control this disease is crucial. Using a computational tool, we identified proteins in the <em>M. bovis</em> proteome that carry predictive binding peptides to BoLADRB3.2 and selected Mb0309, Mb1090, Mb1810 and Mb3810 from all the identified proteins. The expression of these proteins in a baculovirus-insect cell expression system was successful only for Mb0309 and Mb3810. In parallel, we expressed the ESAT-6 family proteins EsxG and EsxH in this system. Among the recombinant proteins, Mb0309 and EsxG exhibited moderate performance in distinguishing between cattle that test positive and negative to bTB using the official test, the intradermal tuberculin test (IDT), when used to stimulate interferon-gamma production in blood samples from cattle. However, when combined as a protein cocktail, Mb0309 and EsxG were reactive in 50 % of positive cattle. Further assessments in cattle that evade the IDT (false negative) and cattle infected with <em>M</em>ycobacterium <em>avium paratuberculosis</em> are necessary to determine the potential utility of this cocktail as an additional tool to assist the accurate diagnosis of bTB.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers associated with vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease following influenza A virus infection in swine","authors":"Meghan Wymore Brand ,&nbsp;Carine K. Souza ,&nbsp;Phillip Gauger ,&nbsp;Bailey Arruda ,&nbsp;Amy L. Vincent Baker","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major pathogen in the swine industry. Whole-inactivated virus (WIV) vaccines in swine are highly effective against homologous viruses but provide limited protection to antigenically divergent viruses and may lead to vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) after heterologous infection. Although VAERD is reproducible in laboratory studies, clinical diagnosis is challenging, as it would require both knowledge of prior vaccine history and evidence of severe disease by assessment of pathologic lesions at necropsy following infection with a heterologous virus. The objective of this study was to identify potential biomarkers for VAERD for antemortem clinical diagnosis. Naïve pigs were split into two groups, and one group was vaccinated with IAV WIV vaccine. All pigs were then challenged with a heterologous virus to induce VAERD in the vaccinated group and necropsied at 5 days post infection (dpi). Blood was collected on 0, 1, 3, and 5 dpi, and assessed by hematology, plasma chemistry, acute phase proteins, and citrullinated H3 histone (CitH3) assays. Additionally, cytokine and CitH3 levels were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collected at necropsy. Compared to nonvaccinated challenged pigs, blood collected from vaccinated and challenged (V/C) pigs with VAERD had elevated white blood cells and neutrophils, elevated C-reactive protein and haptoglobin acute phase proteins, and elevated CitH3. In BALF, the proinflammatory cytokine IL-8 and CitH3 were elevated in V/C pigs. In conclusion, a profile of elevated white blood cells and neutrophils, elevated C-reactive protein and haptoglobin, and elevated CitH3 may be relevant for a clinical antemortem IAV VAERD diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165242724000734/pdfft?md5=569bbdc58622c0b7aa1325aa8cd00291&pid=1-s2.0-S0165242724000734-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141131143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of a bovine cytokine multiplex assay using a new bovine and cross-reactive equine monoclonal antibodies","authors":"Anja Sipka,&nbsp;Susanna Babasyan,&nbsp;Sanda Asbie,&nbsp;Heather Freer,&nbsp;Bettina Wagner","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cytokines are important markers for immune activation, regulation, and homeostasis. The lack of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and sensitive assays to evaluate cytokine secretion has hindered research of bovine inflammation and immune regulation. We recently developed a fluorescent bead-based multiplex assay (multiplex assay) for bovine IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Although the original assay covers a broad concentration range for the 3 targets, analytical sensitivity for IL-10 and IFN-γ could be improved to facilitate detection of these cytokines in their physiological low pg/mL range. To optimize the multiplex assay, we generated a new bovine IL-10 mAb and explored its use for the detection of intracellular and secreted bovine IL-10. The new bovine IL-10 mAb 130 recognized recombinant bovine IL-10 fusion protein and did not react with the fusion protein tag, or the TNF-α and IFN-γ standards in the multiplex assay. For improving IFN-γ detection, we explored cross-reactivity of anti-equine IFN-γ mAbs by intracellular staining of bovine stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Equine IFN-γ mAb 3 showed excellent cross-reactivity with bovine IFN-γ by intracellular detection. Adding IL-10 mAb 130 and IFN-γ mAb 3 to the bovine multiplex assay substantially improved the analytical sensitivity with lower limits of detection in the low pg/mL range for all analytes. The detection ranges for the optimized multiplex assay were determined as 2 – 134,000 pg/mL for IL-10, 8 – 127,000 pg/mL for IFN-γ, and 12 – 193,000 pg/mL for TNF-α. The assay was next used to measure cytokine concentrations in cell culture supernatants from PBMC stimulated in plasma from whole blood stimulation to confirm native IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ recognition and to explore the upper detection limits of the assay. In PBMC stimulation with a mix of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin resulted in highest cytokine concentrations, while in plasma from whole blood stimulation, highest concentrations were observed in samples stimulated with a mix of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and the TLR-2/6 agonist Pam2Csk4. PBMC and whole blood stimulation protocols showed that the optimized multiplex assay covers a wide linear detection range for measuring cytokine concentrations in bovine samples. For whole blood stimulation, a cocktail of pathogen associated molecular patterns elicited a stronger cytokine response than a mix of PMA and ionomycin, but response varied considerably between individual cattle. In conclusion, optimizing the bovine cytokine assay with new reagents improved the lower detection limits and widened the linear detection ranges while lowering the background of the multiplex assay.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165242724000758/pdfft?md5=4cb99f8989bdc716f6f009e6e3a3bdf9&pid=1-s2.0-S0165242724000758-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141133931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of host immune responses to Hydatid cyst in human and ovine hepatic cystic Echinococcosis","authors":"Bnar S. Hamad ,&nbsp;Bushra H. Shnawa ,&nbsp;Rafal A. Alrawi ,&nbsp;Mukhtar H. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hydatid disease is caused by the larval stages of the canine tapeworm <em>Echinococcus granulosus.</em> It is one of the most critical helminthic diseases, representing worldwide public health and socio-economic concern.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the expression of apoptosis and immune response within hepatic tissues of humans and sheep infected with the Hydatid cyst.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Paraffin-embedded tissue was prepared from each tissue sample and used for histopathological examination by Haematoxylin- Eosin. Also, toluidine blue staining was used for mast cell detection, while an immunohistochemical study was performed to assess CD3 T lymphocytes, CD4 helper T lymphocytes, CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CD20 memory B lymphocytes, CD68 macrophage, and caspase-3 antibodies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The histological examination revealed significant changes, including the infiltration of inflammatory cells, predominantly lymphocytes with scattered giant cells, necrotic hepatic tissue, and fibrosis. Toluidine blue stain revealed a higher number of mast cells (5 cells/field) in humans compared to sheep (3.6 cells/field). The immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that the CD3 were the most predominant inflammatory cell in the hepatic tissue of humans (intensive 70%), and sheep (moderate 38.47%). Caspase-3 was observed in all samples in different grades and mostly in human liver tissue.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This data could aid in recognizing immunological markers for differentiating disease progression, as well as enhance the understanding of local immune responses to cystic Echinococcosis (CE). The findings could provide preliminary data for future studies on immune responses associated with Hydatid cysts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141078103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluating the prevalence of anti-desmocollin-1 IgA autoantibodies in canine pemphigus foliaceus","authors":"Tyler J.M. Jordan ,&nbsp;Lisa B. Mamo ,&nbsp;Thierry Olivry ,&nbsp;Zhi Liu ,&nbsp;Petra Bizikova","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune skin disease of dogs characterized by intraepidermal pustules containing neutrophils and dissociated keratinocytes that develop in association with circulating and tissue-bound IgG autoantibodies. A subset of IgG autoantibodies in canine PF target desmocollin-1 (DSC1), a component of intercellular adhesion complexes within the epidermis. Passive transfer of IgG autoantibodies from canine PF sera to mice was previously shown to induce skin disease in the absence of infiltrating neutrophils. In attempts to identify a mechanism responsible for neutrophil recruitment, past studies evaluated the prevalence of IgA autoantibodies in canine PF sera where they were found in &lt;20<!--> <!-->% of affected dogs. We re-evaluated the prevalence of anti-DSC1 IgA in canine PF due to concerns regarding the sensitivity of previously used methods. We hypothesized that anti-DSC1 IgA are present in most dogs with PF but have been under-detected due to competition with concurrent anti-DSC1 IgG for binding to their mutual antigenic target. Despite removing approximately 80<!--> <!-->% of IgG from patient sera using affinity chromatography, we did not detect an increase in anti-DSC1 IgA by performing indirect immunofluorescence on canine DSC1-transfected HEK293T cells. Taken together, our results do not support a role for pathogenic IgA in canine PF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141051881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of low milking frequency on the concentration of antimicrobial proteins in goat milk","authors":"Rika Harada,&nbsp;Takahiro Nii,&nbsp;Naoki Suzuki,&nbsp;Naoki Isobe","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the effects of low frequency milking on the concentrations of antimicrobial components in goat milk. Sixteen goats were divided into two groups of eight each: milking once every 2 d three times (for six days, three times group) or five times (for 10 days, five times group). On other days, milking was performed once daily. Milk was collected, and milk yield, somatic cell count (SCC), and the concentrations of some antimicrobial proteins such as lactoferrin (LF), S100A7, IgA, and sodium ions (Na⁺) in milk were measured. Milk yield significantly decreased in both the groups during the low-milking frequency period, followed by an increase above the low frequency milking period in both groups. In contrast, SCC and LF concentrations in milk increased in both groups during the low frequency milking period. The concentration of S100A7 in milk temporarily decreased after the low frequency milking period, followed by a significant increase. The S100A7 concentration during this period was higher in the five times group than in the three times group. These results indicated that low frequency milking induced a gradual decrease in milk yield and a concomitant increase in antimicrobial components, such as LF and S100A7, in milk. This increase in the antimicrobial components may be useful in preventing mastitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monoclonal antibody development advances immunological research in horses","authors":"Bettina Wagner","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Host immune analyses require specific reagents to identify cellular and soluble components of the immune system. These immune reagents are often species-specific. For horses, various immunological tools have been developed and tested by different initiatives during the past decades. This article summarizes the development of well characterized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for equine immune cells, immunoglobulin isotypes, cytokines, and chemokines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165242724000576/pdfft?md5=f2dd5935b1d3142f1be59423ac7cc4c2&pid=1-s2.0-S0165242724000576-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140901013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Necrosis plays a role in the concentration of mycobacterial antigens in granulomas from Mycobacterium bovis naturally infected cattle","authors":"Paola A. Ortega-Portilla ,&nbsp;Jacobo Carrisoza-Urbina ,&nbsp;Mario A. Bedolla-Alva ,&nbsp;Omar Cortéz-Hernández ,&nbsp;Mireya Juárez-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Guillermina Baay-Guzmán ,&nbsp;Sara Huerta-Yepez ,&nbsp;José A. Gutiérrez-Pabello","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dynamics that develop between cells and molecules in the host against infection by <em>Mycobacterium bovis,</em> leads to the formation of granulomas mainly present in the lungs and regional lymph nodes in cattle. Cell death is one of the main features in granuloma organization, however, it has not been characterized in granulomatous lesions caused by <em>M. bovis</em>. In this study we aimed to identify the profiles of cell death in the granuloma stages and its relationship with the accumulation of bacteria. We identified necrosis, activated caspase-3, LC3B/p62 using immunohistochemistry and digital pathology analysis on 484 granulomatous lesions in mediastinal lymph nodes from 23 naturally infected cattle. Conclusions: greater amounts of mycobacterial antigens were identified in granulomas from calves compared with adult cattle. The highest percentage of necrosis and quantity of mycobacterial antigens were identified in granuloma stages (III/IV) from adults. The LC3B/p62 profile was heterogeneous in granulomas between adults and calves. Our data suggest that necrosis is associated with a higher amount of mycobacterial antigens in the late stages of granuloma and the development of autophagy appears to play an heterogeneous effector response against infection in adults and calves. These results represent one of the first approaches in the identification of cell death in the four stages of granulomas in bovine tuberculosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165242724000436/pdfft?md5=6ea6dcfe024c645f3fb578ef8dfbb3f2&pid=1-s2.0-S0165242724000436-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and expression profiling of buffalo IFN-lambda family","authors":"Devika Gautam ,&nbsp;Anil Sindhu ,&nbsp;Ashutosh Vats ,&nbsp;Shiveeli Rajput ,&nbsp;Mayank Roshan ,&nbsp;Hanshika Pal ,&nbsp;Sachinandan De","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interferon lambda (IFN-λ) is an important type III interferon triggered mainly by viral infection. IFN-λ binds to their heterodimeric receptors and signals through JAK-STAT pathways similar to type I IFN. In this study, we deduced the buffalo IFN-λ sequences through the polymerase chain reaction, and then studied IFN-λ’s expression patterns in different tissues, and post induction with poly I:C and live MRSA using RT-qPCR. The full-length sequences of buffalo <em>IFN-λ3</em>, IFN-λ receptors, and a transcript variant of IFN-λ4 were determined. IFN-λ1 is identified as a pseudogene. Virus response elements and a recombination hotspot factor was observed in the regulatory region of IFN-λ. The IFN-λ3 expressed highest in lungs and monocytes but IFN-λ4 did not. The expression of Interferon Lambda Receptor 1 was tissue specific, while Interleukin 10 Receptor subunit beta was ubiquitous. Following poly I:C induction, IFN-λ3 expression was primarily observed in epithelial cells as opposed to fibroblasts, displaying cell type-dependent expression. The cytosolic RNA sensors were expressed highest in endometrial epithelial cells, whereas the endosomal receptor was higher in fibroblasts. 2’,5’-oligoadenylate synthetase expressed higher in fibroblasts, myxoma resistance protein 1 and IFN-stimulated gene 56 in epithelial cells, displaying cell-specific antiviral response of the interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). The endometrial epithelial cells expressed IFN-λ3 after live <em>S. aureus</em> infection indicating its importance in bacterial infection. The induction of IFN-λ3 was <em>S. aureus</em> isolate specific at the same multiplicity of infection (MOI). This study elucidates the IFN-λ sequences, diverse expression patterns revealing tissue specificity, and specificity in response to poly I:C and bacterial stimuli, emphasising its crucial role in innate immune response modulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective immunity induced through two calving seasons following administration of live epizootic bovine abortion agent (EBAA) vaccine","authors":"Myra T. Blanchard ,&nbsp;Mike B. Teglas ,&nbsp;Kassidy M. Collins ,&nbsp;Mark L. Anderson ,&nbsp;Bret R. McNabb ,&nbsp;Jeffrey L. Stott","doi":"10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A live, infectious vaccine candidate for epizootic bovine abortion, designated EBAA Vaccine, USDA-APHIS Product code #1544.00, has been reported to be both safe and effective. Previous studies established that a single dose of EBAA vaccine administered to cows at potencies of either 2000 or 500 live <em>P. abortibovis</em>-infected murine spleen cells (<em>P.a.</em>-LIC) induced protective immunity for a minimum of 5 months. The current study employed 19 pregnant cows that were challenged with <em>P. abortibovis</em> in their 2nd trimester of gestation; 9 were vaccinated 17.2-months earlier as 1-year-olds with 2000 <em>P.a</em>.-LIC and 10 served as negative controls. Eighty-nine percent of the vaccinates gave birth to healthy calves as compared to 10% of challenge controls. Vaccine efficacy was significant when analyzed by prevented fractions (87.7%; 95% CI=0.4945–0.9781). Serologic data supports previous findings that pregnant cows with detectable <em>P. abortibovis</em> antibodies are immune to <em>P. abortibovis</em> challenge as demonstrated by the birth of healthy calves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23511,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary immunology and immunopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140822265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}