Tropical life sciences research最新文献_第5页

The Impact of Insecticides on Mycelial Growth of Metarhizium spp. and Their Efficacy in Controlling Larvae and Pupae of the House Fly (Musca domestica L.). 杀虫剂对绿僵菌菌丝生长的影响及对家蝇幼虫和蛹的防治效果。

IF 0.9

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.6

Duanpen Wongsorn, Benya Saenmahayak, Nittaya Pitiwittayakul, Surachai Rattanasuk

{"title":"The Impact of Insecticides on Mycelial Growth of Metarhizium spp. and Their Efficacy in Controlling Larvae and Pupae of the House Fly (Musca domestica L.).","authors":"Duanpen Wongsorn, Benya Saenmahayak, Nittaya Pitiwittayakul, Surachai Rattanasuk","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.6","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Metarhizium spp. are entomopathogenic hyphomycete fungi with great potential as biological control agents against insects and as a component within integrated pest management systems. This study evaluated 10 Metarhizium spp. isolates for their effectiveness against house fly larvae and pupae. The isolates with the highest infection rates were tested for compatibility with insecticides. NMMet_SS9/2 and NMMet_CLPK4/1 were the most effective, with infection rates of 86.67% and 60.00% for larvae and pupae, respectively. Both isolates were cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) mixed with Cypas® 250 EC (100 mL and 50 mL per 6.25 L) and Tanidil®-T (100 g/L and 50 g/L) to assess the impact of insecticides on mycelial growth. After 28 days, the radial growth of NMMet_SS9/2 (81.33 mm) and NMMet_CLPK4/1 (77.67 mm) on PDA with Cypas® 250 EC (50 mL per 6.25 L) showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) compared to growth on PDA alone. A spore suspension (1 × 108 spores/mL) of NMMet_SS9/2 and NMMet_CLPK4/1 cultured on PDA with Cypas® 250 EC (50 mL per 6.25 L) was used to control house fly larvae and pupae, resulting in mortality rates of 93.33% (NMMet_SS9/2) and 75.56% (NMMet_CLPK4/1), with infection rates of 77.78% and 71.11%, respectively. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in mortality or infection rates compared to spores cultured on PDA without insecticides. These findings confirm that NMMet_SS9/2 and NMMet_CLPK4/1 are highly effective against house fly larvae and pupae and can proliferate on media containing Cypas® 250 EC at 50 mL per 6.25 L without compromising their insecticidal properties, making them promising candidates for integrated pest management strategies.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 2","pages":"123-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12618095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation of Bacteria from Lead-Contaminated Soil and Bacterial Interaction Test with Plant Growing on Lead-Amended Media. 铅污染土壤细菌的分离及其与植物在铅改性培养基上生长的相互作用试验。

IF 0.9

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.11

Dian Siswanto, Nurul Istiqomah, Azizuddin Muhammad Nashafi, Mukhaddam Muhammad, Fathul Mukaromah, Irfan Mustafa

{"title":"Isolation of Bacteria from Lead-Contaminated Soil and Bacterial Interaction Test with Plant Growing on Lead-Amended Media.","authors":"Dian Siswanto, Nurul Istiqomah, Azizuddin Muhammad Nashafi, Mukhaddam Muhammad, Fathul Mukaromah, Irfan Mustafa","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.11","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated bacterial isolation from lead-contaminated soil, revealing the lower bacterial density compared to agricultural soil bacteria, indicating soil degradation. Among the isolated bacteria, three isolates with codes L03, L16 and L19 exhibited high tolerance to lead concentrations up to 1,500 mg/L. Selected isolates demonstrated the ability to produce Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) hormone, with one strain notably producing the highest IAA concentration. Furthermore, three isolates exhibited significant lead bioaccumulation efficiency. Molecular identification revealed Lysinibacillus fusiformis as the highest IAA-producing strain and lead accumulator. Plant growth experiments analysed the bacteria's potency to alleviate the heavy metal stress on Codiaeum variegatum, Dracaena reflexa and Jasminum humile. Additionally, bacterial addition decreased lead absorption only by D. reflexa, potentially through biosorption and bioaccumulation mechanisms. Integrating L. fusiformis into phytoremediation strategies could offer an effective and sustainable approach for remediating Pb-contaminated environments.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 2","pages":"229-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12618092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria to Improve Soil Chemical and Biological Properties and Its Effect on Growth, Physiology and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). 植物促生根瘤菌改善土壤化学生物学特性及其对秋葵生长、生理和产量的影响

IF 0.9

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.4

Zakiah Mustapha, Nik Nurnaeimah Nik Mohamad Nasir, Mohd Khairi Che Lah, Norhayati Ngah, Khamsah Suryati Mohd, Radziah Othman, Hafizan Juahir

{"title":"Application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria to Improve Soil Chemical and Biological Properties and Its Effect on Growth, Physiology and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.).","authors":"Zakiah Mustapha, Nik Nurnaeimah Nik Mohamad Nasir, Mohd Khairi Che Lah, Norhayati Ngah, Khamsah Suryati Mohd, Radziah Othman, Hafizan Juahir","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.4","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The use of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as a biofertiliser was proven to be successful in the optimisation of plant growth and yield. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the PGPR on okra growth, physiology, yield and soil physicochemical properties. The okra was planted and fertilised with organic material (goat dung) at 500 g/plant, NPK fertiliser at 100 g/plant (T1) and 70 g/plant for T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. The BRIS soil isolated PGPR, namely UA 1 (Paraburkholderia unamae), UA 6 (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and UAA 2 (Enterobacter asburiae) propagated in 6% molasses medium were inoculated with the amount of 40 mL for single strain treatment (T2-T4) and 15 mL of each bacterial inoculum for mixed strains treatment (T5). Results showed that inoculation with PGPR in single or mixed strains has significantly decreased the use of 30% NPK fertiliser and promoted okra growth, physiology, yield and soil chemical properties and bacterial count. Mixed strains (T5) have significantly shown the highest performance with increments of 27.85% of leaf number, 28.56% of okra number, 27.90% of yield per plant and 25.83% of plant total dry biomass. The plant net photosynthesis treated with mixed strains also recorded a 5.27% increment with 26.96% of nitrogen content and 22.79% bacteria count in the soil. The findings of this study suggested that the BRIS soil PGPR inoculants may reduce the amount of chemical fertiliser and have a significant potential to be used as biofertiliser in sustainable agriculture to increase plant growth and yield and soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 2","pages":"83-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12618082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antihyperglycaemic Activity of Standardised Ethanolic Extract of Swietenia macrophylla King Seeds on Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rats. 大叶甜菊种子乙醇提取物对后藤- kakizaki 2型糖尿病大鼠的降糖作用。

IF 0.9

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.5

Meyyammai Swaminathan, Mariam Ahmad, Khairul Niza Abdul Razak, Nor Adlin Yusoff, Gabriel Akyirem Akowuah, Elaine Hui-Chien Lee, Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman, Mun Fei Yam, Faradianna E Lokman, Sue Hay Chan, Bey Hing Goh, Vikneswaran Murugaiyah

{"title":"Antihyperglycaemic Activity of Standardised Ethanolic Extract of Swietenia macrophylla King Seeds on Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Meyyammai Swaminathan, Mariam Ahmad, Khairul Niza Abdul Razak, Nor Adlin Yusoff, Gabriel Akyirem Akowuah, Elaine Hui-Chien Lee, Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman, Mun Fei Yam, Faradianna E Lokman, Sue Hay Chan, Bey Hing Goh, Vikneswaran Murugaiyah","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.5","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Swietenia macrophylla (S. macrophylla), commonly known as \"sky fruit\", belongs to the Meliaceae family and is predominantly distributed in the neotropical areas of Central America, Southern Asia and the Pacific region. The plant has a rich tradition of being utilised for its anti-diabetic properties and other health benefits. This study focused on the S. macrophylla seeds ethanolic extract (SMEE) to explore its antihyperglycemic effects in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) Type 2 diabetic rats. Bioactive compounds were extracted using maceration, and a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RPHPLC) method was validated to separate two limonoids, swietenine and 3,6-O,O diacetyl swietenolide, from the extracts. The 500 mg/kg SMEE dosage significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels, making it the selected treatment dose. The SMEE group consistently improved glucose regulation during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on the first (9.88 ± 0.69 mmol/L) and eighth (6.12 ± 0.30 mmol/L) days, showing lower initial fasting blood glucose levels. The RP-HPLC method validation confirmed high linearity, ensuring precise quantification within the 1.56 μg/mL to 200 μg/mL range for swietenine and 3,6-O,O diacetyl swietenolide. The content of these compounds in 1 mg of SMEE was determined as 27.5 μg (2.75%) and 14.53 μg (1.45%), respectively. This study provides robust evidence supporting the antihyperglycaemic properties of S. macrophylla seeds. Future studies could evaluate the long-term metabolic effects of S. macrophylla extract on glucose metabolism, oxidative stress and liver function.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 2","pages":"99-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12618088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pluronic F-68 Improves Root Growth of Recalcitrant Rice Cultivar Through Enhanced Auxin Biosynthesis. Pluronic F-68通过促进生长素生物合成促进抗性水稻根系生长。

IF 0.9

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.12

Andrew De-Xian Kok, Janna Ong-Abdullah, Amanda Shen-Yee Kong, Rogayah Sekeli, Chien-Yeong Wee, Swee-Hua Erin Lim, Wan-Hee Cheng, Jiun-Yan Loh, Kok-Song Lai

{"title":"Pluronic F-68 Improves Root Growth of Recalcitrant Rice Cultivar Through Enhanced Auxin Biosynthesis.","authors":"Andrew De-Xian Kok, Janna Ong-Abdullah, Amanda Shen-Yee Kong, Rogayah Sekeli, Chien-Yeong Wee, Swee-Hua Erin Lim, Wan-Hee Cheng, Jiun-Yan Loh, Kok-Song Lai","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.12","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"In plants, roots play a vital role in crop performance and yield that impact the agricultural productivity. Pluronic F-68 (PF-68) is a type of non-ionic surfactant that is typically utilised as a plant growth additive. There is a lack of studies on the impact of PF-68 on root growth. This work aims to assess the impacts of PF-68 on recalcitrant MR 219 rice root growth. Supplementation of 0.04% PF-68 enhanced the length (18.50%) and number of roots (15.87%) of MR 219 rice. The PF-68-treated MR 219 rice also showed a significant increment in sugar accumulation (1.73 mg/mL) and glutamate synthase activity (0.88 μmol/g protein). Consistent with the root growth enhancement, MR 219 rice supplemented with PF-68 recorded an increase in transcription levels of Indole-3-Acetic Acid 23 (OsIAA23) (1.84-folds) and WUSCHEL-Related Homeobox 11 (OsWOX11) (2.00-folds). Moreover, the PF-68-treated MR 219 rice also exhibited an enhancement of indole acetic acid (IAA) concentrations (27.33 ng/g FW), further suggesting its role in auxin biosynthesis. Taken together, our study revealed that the introduction of PF-68 enhanced the root growth of MR 219 rice through improved sugar accumulation, glutamate synthase activity and auxin biosynthesis.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 2","pages":"253-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12618086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of Several Types of Pest Bird Deterrents and General Trend of Pest Birds at an Industrial Factory. 某工厂几种灭虫剂的防治效果及灭虫趋势。

IF 1.1

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.7

Imran Mohd Hornain, Nik Fadzly N Rosely

{"title":"Efficacy of Several Types of Pest Bird Deterrents and General Trend of Pest Birds at an Industrial Factory.","authors":"Imran Mohd Hornain, Nik Fadzly N Rosely","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling pest birds is a complex problem, especially for large areas, compared to individual homes. This study presents a new perspective on pest birds plaguing a large semiconductor factory. We evaluated the efficacy of nine bird deterrent methods: alarm and distress calls broadcasted from portable speaker, sound frequencies ranged from (i) 24.5 kHz-45.5 kHz; and (ii) 13.5 kHz-45.5 kHz together with flashing lights emitted from sonic device, methyl anthranilate (MA), moving and static bird predator models, reflective compact discs, high and low visibility reflective tapes in deterring Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica), Pacific Swallow (Hirundo tahitica) and Asian Glossy Starling (Aplonis panayensis) from perching on targeted spots. Monthly counts of pest birds roosting at study site were also conducted. Our results showed that alarm and distress calls broadcasted from portable speaker, sound frequencies ranged from 13.5 kHz-45.5 kHz together with flashing lights emitted from sonic device, moving and static bird predator model, reflective compact discs, high and low visibility reflective tapes were significantly effective in deterring pest birds from targeted spots. The pest bird population reached its peak (35,063) in January 2021, while the least (3,685) was recorded in May 2021. The effectiveness of pest bird deterrents might be influenced by the quantity and method of deployment.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"111-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unlocking the Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa SWUC02: Cell-Free Supernatant and Extracts for Controlling Anthracnose Disease and Inducing Resistance in Yellow Chilli Seedling. 释放铜绿假单胞菌SWUC02的潜能：无细胞上清液和提取物对黄辣椒幼苗控制炭疽病和诱导抗性的作用。

IF 1.1

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.2

Natthida Sudyoung, Papattananpak Thiratanabordeechot, Siritron Samosorn, Kulvadee Dolsophon, Onanong Pringsulaka, Supaart Sirikantaramas, Akira Oikawa, Siriruk Sarawaneeyaruk

{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa SWUC02: Cell-Free Supernatant and Extracts for Controlling Anthracnose Disease and Inducing Resistance in Yellow Chilli Seedling.","authors":"Natthida Sudyoung, Papattananpak Thiratanabordeechot, Siritron Samosorn, Kulvadee Dolsophon, Onanong Pringsulaka, Supaart Sirikantaramas, Akira Oikawa, Siriruk Sarawaneeyaruk","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Chilli anthracnose is a significant constraint in chilli production and quality in cultivated areas worldwide. Alternative methods are being explored to avoid the use of chemical fungicides, including plant elicitors produced by beneficial microorganisms to enhance plant defense responses. However, studies on the use of biotic elicitors to control chilli anthracnose are limited. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of cell-free supernatant derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa SWUC02 (CF-SWUC02) and its extracts on the antimicrobial activity and systemic resistance in yellow chilli seedlings. The anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum truncatum CFPL01, was isolated and assessed for its pathogenicity in yellow chilli and other varieties, exhibiting varying levels of susceptibility to anthracnose. CF-SWUC02 exhibited potential antimicrobial activity against several phytopathogens. Furthermore, it affected the mycelial growth and conidial germination of virulent C. truncatum CFPL01. The dichloromethane extract exhibited the highest efficacy in suppressing the growth of C. truncatum CFPL01, while the ethyl acetate extract demonstrated a significant reduction in anthracnose severity on both leaves and seedlings. The ethyl acetate extract also increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in treated seedlings, demonstrating the induction of plant immunity. In summary, the elicitor compounds present in CF-SWUC02 have the potential to reduce anthracnose severity either directly through pathogen inhibition or indirectly via stimulation of the plant defense responses. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of sustainable and effective strategies for the control of chilli anthracnose.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"25-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphology and Development of Saprophagous Scuttle Fly, Spiniphora genitalis Schmitz, 1940 (Diptera: Phoridae) Larvae at Indoor Ambient Temperatures. 蝇蛆，Spiniphora genitalis Schmitz, 1940（双翅目：蝇科）幼虫在室内环境温度下的形态与发育。

IF 1.1

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.11

Reena Abd Rashid, Raja M Zuha

{"title":"Morphology and Development of Saprophagous Scuttle Fly, Spiniphora genitalis Schmitz, 1940 (Diptera: Phoridae) Larvae at Indoor Ambient Temperatures.","authors":"Reena Abd Rashid, Raja M Zuha","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The oriental scuttle fly, Spiniphora genitalis Schmitz, 1940 (Diptera: Phoridae), was first discovered from Peninsular Malaysia as a specialised decomposer of mollusc carrion but its occurrences on vertebrate carrion suggest that this species could also be utilised as a forensic indicator. However, the larval morphology and development of S. genitalis remain unexplored. In this study, the colony of S. genitalis was reared in the laboratory at ambient temperature range (20.0°C-25.5°C) and relative humidity (71.0%-94.5%) using decomposing beef liver as larval food source. Larval body length was measured at every 6 h and 18 h interval until pupariation and subsequently described. The third instar larva of S. genitalis can be characterised by its fleshy, but ventrally flattened body with posterior tubular extension. The abdominal segments are covered with tubercles and spinulose formations and interestingly, three distinct larval variations were also detected. The transitions from metapneustic first instar to amphipneustic second and third instar larvae were also described according to the characteristics of cephalopharyngeal skeleton, anterior spiracle and posterior spiracle. The lifecycle of S. genitalis reported in this study based on it developmental stages were 23 h-27 h (egg), 162 h-358 h (larva) and 240 h-341 h (pupa). This study established the diagnostic features of S. genitalis which can be useful in forensic analysis and as precursors to the ground plan of Spiniphora larvae taxonomy. The complete growth of S. genitalis larvae on beef liver indicated that the role of this species has been expanded from a specialised mollusc carrion decomposer to a potential forensic indicator.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"205-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity Assessment of The Polysaccharides Extracted from Clinacanthus nutans Leaves: A Preclinical Model for Drug Safety Screening. 山棘叶多糖急性和亚急性口服毒性评价：药物安全性筛选的临床前模型

IF 1.2

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.13

Tan Yong Chia, Chee-Yuen Gan, Gurjeet Kaur, Pike-See Cheah, Vikneswaran Murugaiyah, Ashfaq Ahmad, Bader Alsuwayt, Sulaiman Mohammed Abdullah Alnasser, Muhammad Hakimin Shafie, Selvamani Narayan Nair, Mohammed H Abdulla, Edward James Johns

{"title":"Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity Assessment of The Polysaccharides Extracted from Clinacanthus nutans Leaves: A Preclinical Model for Drug Safety Screening.","authors":"Tan Yong Chia, Chee-Yuen Gan, Gurjeet Kaur, Pike-See Cheah, Vikneswaran Murugaiyah, Ashfaq Ahmad, Bader Alsuwayt, Sulaiman Mohammed Abdullah Alnasser, Muhammad Hakimin Shafie, Selvamani Narayan Nair, Mohammed H Abdulla, Edward James Johns","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.13","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging investigations have indicated that many plant polysaccharides may be beneficial for treating metabolic diseases. To date, the therapeutic efficacy and potential toxicity of polysaccharides extracted from Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) remain unexplored. This study investigated the in vivo acute and subacute oral toxicological profiles of the highest doses of C. nutans bioactive polysaccharides (CNBP) extracted from the leaves using conventional toxicity methods. The total of 39 healthy 8-10 weeks male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 3) were randomly assigned to control (C), acute (A) and subacute (SA) groups receiving 125, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 or 3,000 mg/kg/day of CNBP extract, respectively. The acute group received a single dose of CNBP extract, whereas the subacute group received daily single doses of CNBP extract for 14 days. Oral administration of up to 3,000 mg/kg CNBP extract caused no abnormal signs of toxicity during 14 days. However, daily administration of 500 mg/kg or higher doses of CNBP extract for 14 days induced a mild degree of toxicity in the liver, characterised by elevated alkaline phosphatase levels with C (163 ± 9 U/L) vs. SA500 (222 ± 49 U/L), SA1000 (223 ± 29 U/L), SA2000 (238 ± 33 U/L) and SA3000 (252 ± 18 U/L). CNBP extracts exhibit therapeutic potential, exemplified by diuretic, natriuretic, anti-hypertensive, anti-tachycardia, reno-protective and cholesterol-lowering properties. Precautions should be taken when administering the extracts at higher doses and for longer durations.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"245-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12189022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Threatening Sounds as an Alternative Mitigation Method to Deter Elephant: A Study in Elephant Conservation Centre, Kuala Gandah, Pahang, Malaysia. 威胁性声音作为阻止大象的替代缓解方法：在马来西亚彭亨州瓜拉甘达大象保护中心的一项研究。

IF 1.1

Tropical life sciences research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.3

Norasmah Basari, Mohamad Firdaus Abd Sata, Nor Zalipah Mohamed, Fatin Nursyafiqah Zamri, Haslina Samsudin, Mohd Faizol Shamrie, Muhammad Adhwa Ikhwan Latif, Siti Norzahira Yazid, Aisyah Humairah Mohd Zaidi

{"title":"Threatening Sounds as an Alternative Mitigation Method to Deter Elephant: A Study in Elephant Conservation Centre, Kuala Gandah, Pahang, Malaysia.","authors":"Norasmah Basari, Mohamad Firdaus Abd Sata, Nor Zalipah Mohamed, Fatin Nursyafiqah Zamri, Haslina Samsudin, Mohd Faizol Shamrie, Muhammad Adhwa Ikhwan Latif, Siti Norzahira Yazid, Aisyah Humairah Mohd Zaidi","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Human-elephant conflict is a common issue in the agricultural sector, often resulting in crop damage. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of threatening vocalisation playbacks as a mitigation method to deter elephant encroachment into agricultural areas. The study was conducted at the National Elephant Conservation Centre (NECC) in Kuala Gandah, Pahang, Malaysia, involving two male and five female elephants. Five soundtracks were played to observe the elephants' responses: the sound of a buzzing bee, a tiger roar, an elephant rumble, rain (control) and nocturnal jungle sounds (control). The elephants' behaviours were recorded during and after exposure to each soundtrack. The results showed that the elephants responded most strongly to the tiger roar (33%), followed by the buzzing bee sound (23%), while the elephant rumble elicited the fewest responses (8%). The tiger roar and buzzing bee sounds also resulted in the longest halt times, with the elephants stopping and standing still, particularly the older group (p < 0.05). Male and female elephants exhibited similar responses to the sound playbacks (p > 0.05). This study suggests that playback of threatening vocalisations could serve as an additional mitigation strategy to deter elephants from encroaching on agricultural sites, such as oil palm plantations.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"43-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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