Tropical life sciences research最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of Several Types of Pest Bird Deterrents and General Trend of Pest Birds at an Industrial Factory.","authors":"Imran Mohd Hornain, Nik Fadzly N Rosely","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Controlling pest birds is a complex problem, especially for large areas, compared to individual homes. This study presents a new perspective on pest birds plaguing a large semiconductor factory. We evaluated the efficacy of nine bird deterrent methods: alarm and distress calls broadcasted from portable speaker, sound frequencies ranged from (i) 24.5 kHz-45.5 kHz; and (ii) 13.5 kHz-45.5 kHz together with flashing lights emitted from sonic device, methyl anthranilate (MA), moving and static bird predator models, reflective compact discs, high and low visibility reflective tapes in deterring Barn Swallow (<i>Hirundo rustica</i>), Pacific Swallow (<i>Hirundo tahitica</i>) and Asian Glossy Starling (<i>Aplonis panayensis</i>) from perching on targeted spots. Monthly counts of pest birds roosting at study site were also conducted. Our results showed that alarm and distress calls broadcasted from portable speaker, sound frequencies ranged from 13.5 kHz-45.5 kHz together with flashing lights emitted from sonic device, moving and static bird predator model, reflective compact discs, high and low visibility reflective tapes were significantly effective in deterring pest birds from targeted spots. The pest bird population reached its peak (35,063) in January 2021, while the least (3,685) was recorded in May 2021. The effectiveness of pest bird deterrents might be influenced by the quantity and method of deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"111-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> SWUC02: Cell-Free Supernatant and Extracts for Controlling Anthracnose Disease and Inducing Resistance in Yellow Chilli Seedling.","authors":"Natthida Sudyoung, Papattananpak Thiratanabordeechot, Siritron Samosorn, Kulvadee Dolsophon, Onanong Pringsulaka, Supaart Sirikantaramas, Akira Oikawa, Siriruk Sarawaneeyaruk","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chilli anthracnose is a significant constraint in chilli production and quality in cultivated areas worldwide. Alternative methods are being explored to avoid the use of chemical fungicides, including plant elicitors produced by beneficial microorganisms to enhance plant defense responses. However, studies on the use of biotic elicitors to control chilli anthracnose are limited. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of cell-free supernatant derived from <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> SWUC02 (CF-SWUC02) and its extracts on the antimicrobial activity and systemic resistance in yellow chilli seedlings. The anthracnose pathogen, <i>Colletotrichum truncatum</i> CFPL01, was isolated and assessed for its pathogenicity in yellow chilli and other varieties, exhibiting varying levels of susceptibility to anthracnose. CF-SWUC02 exhibited potential antimicrobial activity against several phytopathogens. Furthermore, it affected the mycelial growth and conidial germination of virulent <i>C. truncatum</i> CFPL01. The dichloromethane extract exhibited the highest efficacy in suppressing the growth of <i>C. truncatum</i> CFPL01, while the ethyl acetate extract demonstrated a significant reduction in anthracnose severity on both leaves and seedlings. The ethyl acetate extract also increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in treated seedlings, demonstrating the induction of plant immunity. In summary, the elicitor compounds present in CF-SWUC02 have the potential to reduce anthracnose severity either directly through pathogen inhibition or indirectly via stimulation of the plant defense responses. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of sustainable and effective strategies for the control of chilli anthracnose.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"25-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and Development of Saprophagous Scuttle Fly, <i>Spiniphora genitalis</i> Schmitz, 1940 (Diptera: Phoridae) Larvae at Indoor Ambient Temperatures.","authors":"Reena Abd Rashid, Raja M Zuha","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oriental scuttle fly, <i>Spiniphora genitalis</i> Schmitz, 1940 (Diptera: Phoridae), was first discovered from Peninsular Malaysia as a specialised decomposer of mollusc carrion but its occurrences on vertebrate carrion suggest that this species could also be utilised as a forensic indicator. However, the larval morphology and development of <i>S. genitalis</i> remain unexplored. In this study, the colony of <i>S. genitalis</i> was reared in the laboratory at ambient temperature range (20.0°C-25.5°C) and relative humidity (71.0%-94.5%) using decomposing beef liver as larval food source. Larval body length was measured at every 6 h and 18 h interval until pupariation and subsequently described. The third instar larva of <i>S. genitalis</i> can be characterised by its fleshy, but ventrally flattened body with posterior tubular extension. The abdominal segments are covered with tubercles and spinulose formations and interestingly, three distinct larval variations were also detected. The transitions from metapneustic first instar to amphipneustic second and third instar larvae were also described according to the characteristics of cephalopharyngeal skeleton, anterior spiracle and posterior spiracle. The lifecycle of <i>S. genitalis</i> reported in this study based on it developmental stages were 23 h-27 h (egg), 162 h-358 h (larva) and 240 h-341 h (pupa). This study established the diagnostic features of <i>S. genitalis</i> which can be useful in forensic analysis and as precursors to the ground plan of <i>Spiniphora</i> larvae taxonomy. The complete growth of <i>S. genitalis</i> larvae on beef liver indicated that the role of this species has been expanded from a specialised mollusc carrion decomposer to a potential forensic indicator.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"205-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threatening Sounds as an Alternative Mitigation Method to Deter Elephant: A Study in Elephant Conservation Centre, Kuala Gandah, Pahang, Malaysia.","authors":"Norasmah Basari, Mohamad Firdaus Abd Sata, Nor Zalipah Mohamed, Fatin Nursyafiqah Zamri, Haslina Samsudin, Mohd Faizol Shamrie, Muhammad Adhwa Ikhwan Latif, Siti Norzahira Yazid, Aisyah Humairah Mohd Zaidi","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human-elephant conflict is a common issue in the agricultural sector, often resulting in crop damage. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of threatening vocalisation playbacks as a mitigation method to deter elephant encroachment into agricultural areas. The study was conducted at the National Elephant Conservation Centre (NECC) in Kuala Gandah, Pahang, Malaysia, involving two male and five female elephants. Five soundtracks were played to observe the elephants' responses: the sound of a buzzing bee, a tiger roar, an elephant rumble, rain (control) and nocturnal jungle sounds (control). The elephants' behaviours were recorded during and after exposure to each soundtrack. The results showed that the elephants responded most strongly to the tiger roar (33%), followed by the buzzing bee sound (23%), while the elephant rumble elicited the fewest responses (8%). The tiger roar and buzzing bee sounds also resulted in the longest halt times, with the elephants stopping and standing still, particularly the older group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Male and female elephants exhibited similar responses to the sound playbacks (<i>p</i> > 0.05). This study suggests that playback of threatening vocalisations could serve as an additional mitigation strategy to deter elephants from encroaching on agricultural sites, such as oil palm plantations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"43-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive <i>Acacia mangium</i> Leaf Litter Modifies Soil Chemical Properties of A Bornean Tropical Heath Forest: A Soil Incubation Study.","authors":"Mohamad Hilmi Ibrahim, Faizah Metali, Kushan U Tennakoon, Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of <i>Acacia mangium</i> Willd. leaf litter on soil chemical properties of a tropical heath forest in Borneo using a controlled soil incubation experiment. The litter of exotic <i>A. mangium</i> and selected native heath forest species (<i>Buchanania arborescens</i> Blume., <i>Calophyllum inophyllum</i> L., <i>Dillenia suffruticosa</i> Griff. and <i>Ploiarium alternifolium</i> Vahl.) were incubated with heath forest soils collected under natural conditions and nine different treatments of heath forest soils (soils without leaf litter, soils treated with single species leaf litter, and soils treated with native leaf litter with and without <i>A. mangium</i> leaf litter). We quantified mass litter loss (%), and soil concentrations of exchangeable nitrogen ( <math> <mrow> <mrow> <msubsup><mrow><mtext>NO</mtext></mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo>-</mo></msubsup> </mrow> </mrow> </math> and <math> <mrow> <mrow> <msubsup><mrow><mtext>NH</mtext></mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo>+</mo></msubsup> </mrow> </mrow> </math> ) and cations (K <i>⁺</i> , Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺), available phosphorus (P), total organic carbon (TOC) and organic matter (OM), and total acidity with exchangeable concentrations of Al³⁺ and H⁺ in each treatment after a 9-month incubation period. Mass litter loss (%) varied significantly between species, with <i>A. mangium</i> leaf litter only showing higher mass loss than <i>D. suffruticosa</i> litter, but lower than <i>C. inophyllum</i> litter. The effects of incubation with single-species native leaf litter were variable and species-specific, but incubation with <i>A. mangium</i> litter increased soil pH and exchangeable <math> <mrow> <mrow> <msubsup><mrow><mtext>NO</mtext></mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo>-</mo></msubsup> </mrow> </mrow> </math> and K⁺ concentrations and decreased exchangeable Al³⁺ concentrations. Soils incubated with a combination of <i>C. inophyllum</i> and <i>A. mangium</i> leaf litters, as opposed to those incubated with <i>C. inophyllum</i> alone, exhibited decreased pH, lower total organic carbon (TOC), and reduced exchangeable concentrations of potassium (K⁺) and magnesium (Mg²⁺). Additionally, there was an increase in organic matter (OM) content, total acidity, and exchangeable concentrations of ammonium ( <math> <mrow> <mrow> <msubsup><mrow><mtext>NH</mtext></mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo>+</mo></msubsup> </mrow> </mrow> </math> ) and hydrogen (H⁺). Our results provide preliminary evidence that <i>C. inophyllum</i> may be a promising native plant species for use in enrichment planting of degraded or disturbed tropical heath forests with co-occurring invasive <i>A. mangium</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"277-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought Tolerant Capability of Pineapple [<i>Ananas comosus</i> (L.) Merr] Plant Microbiome.","authors":"Rahayu Fitriani Wangsa Putrie, I Nyoman Pugeg Aryantha, Iriawati, Sarjiya Antonius","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microbiomes of Indonesian pineapple plants cover drought-resistant microorganisms that have not yet been studied. Therefore, this research aims to analyse the pineapple's endophytic and rhizobacteria capability to survive and support the plant in drought. The screening used <i>polyethylene glycol</i> (PEG) 6000 with specific osmotic pressures as a form of stress simulation. The isolates were further tested for their production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and growth hormones (IAA), survival at high temperatures and salinity and other vital, drought-tolerant factors. Based on PEG 6000 analysis with certain osmotic pressure, about 13 isolates could survive at -0.73 MPa. Some isolates can produce EPS up to 89.23 mg/mL at -0.73 MPa, survive at 10% salinity, at a temperature of 50°C, pH 4 and produce IAA up to 7.5 ppm on medium. Most isolates can improve corn seedlings' growth quality and produce ACC deaminase and catalase enzymes. Isolate BDO 8 and BAO 5 showed more constant results compared with others. Based on the 16S rRNA gene, these isolates were identified as <i>Bacillus cereus</i> strain ATCC 14579T.112 and <i>Bacillus cereus</i> strain WHX1 with 99.91% and 100% sequence similarities, respectively. These findings suggest that these isolates could be developed as bioinoculant candidates for use in dry agricultural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"57-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrous Behaviour and Vulva Score in Captive Female Malayan Tapir (<i>Tapirus indicus</i>).","authors":"Donny Yawah, Jeffrine Rovie-Ryan, Azlan Che-Amat, Michelle Fong Wai Cheng, Hartini Ithnin, Mohd Adli Ahmad, Enos Jeoffry, Madzlan Misnan, Zaihamrezal Abdul Hamid, Mark Wh Hiew","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ex-situ propagation of the Malayan tapir in Malaysia is an important conservation strategy to increase the population of this endangered species. However, the scarcity of reproductive physiology studies impedes potential conservation efforts. This study aimed to investigate the expression of estrus signs through observation of estrus behaviour and vulva score in captive Malayan tapirs. This study was conducted from January to April at the Sungai Dusun Wildlife Conservation Centre, Selangor, Malaysia. A total of five female Malayan tapirs aged between 3 to 18 years old were involved in this study. Two of the tapirs were kept with a male partner, while three others were kept individually. Closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras with night vision and audio recording function connected to a digital video recorder were used to record the female activity from 1930 to 0730 hours. The recorded videos were evaluated for estrus behaviour such as vocalisation, flehmen response, urine spraying and excretion smelling. The vulva score (scale of 0 to 4) was determined based on the vulva size and the presence of discharge. The most common estrus behaviour observed in the female Malayan tapirs was vocalisation (81%), followed by flehmen response (10%), urine spraying (5%) and excretion smelling (4%). The paired females were observed to exhibit more estrus behaviours than the non-paired females. Vulva changes were observed in both groups with evidence of cyclic pattern with an average median length of 31.0 days (range of 28 days to 33 days). Mann-Whitney U test revealed significant difference between paired group and non-paired group for vocalisation and urine spraying. Meanwhile, Spearman's rho test showed a strong positive correlation between vulva score and flehmen response and very strong positive correlation between vulva score and excretion smelling. This study provides important information for the establishment of future captive propagation programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"187-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Population of Proboscis Monkeys and Their Status in Sulaman Lake Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia.","authors":"Mohd Aminur Faiz Suis, Marrynah Matami, Miyabi Nakabayashi, Aini Hasanah Abd Mutalib, Fazidah Ismail, Fadzilah Awang Kanak, Joseph Tangah","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proboscis monkeys are largely confined along the eastern coastal zone of Sabah, Malaysia. Sulaman Lake Forest Reserve (SLFR) is the only Class V Mangrove Forest Reserve in the forestry district of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. This study is in accordance with the conservation strategies outlined in the Sabah Proboscis Monkey Action Plan (2019-2028), which is to focus on areas that have not been surveyed. Prior to this study, the status of proboscis monkeys in this reserve had not been scientifically documented. In addition, the habitat of this colobine species along the coastal zone of Sulaman Bay will be impacted by the construction of Pan Borneo Highway (Work Package 9). Hence, we intend to shed light on the status of proboscis monkeys in the SLFR including local threats to their population. This study discovered a small and isolated relict population of proboscis monkeys through a boat survey approach, which was also derived from interview sessions with local communities. We found that the degradation of mangrove forest integrity is a major threat to this population in the SLFR. It is hoped that this study will trigger more research, especially population size estimation, because such baseline information is crucial in the formulation of effective conservation programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"77-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Assessment of Non-Volant Mammals in Selected Areas of Peninsular Malaysia.","authors":"Hannah Syakirah Ab Hamid, Nur Dayana Zulkifli, Mazrul Aswady Mamat, Amirrudin Ahmad, Nobuyuki Yamaguchi, Nurulhuda Zakaria, Hafizan Juahir, Muhamad Safiih Lola, Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-volant mammals in Peninsular Malaysia face numerous threats, primarily driven by habitat loss, fragmentation and illegal hunting. These threats highlight the importance of conducting wildlife surveys in the available forested areas to enhance the current strategies for conservation and management, particularly for a threatened taxon like non-volant mammals. This study aimed to document and update information of non-volant mammals from four areas: Tasik Bera (Pahang state); Tasik Kenyir, Pulau Redang and Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) Campus (Terengganu state). Cage traps and Visual Encounter Survey methods were utilised to record non-volant mammals from August 2022 until March 2023. This study successfully documented 123 individuals from 27 non-volant mammal species, representing 11 families from 6 orders. Tasik Bera demonstrated the highest species count at 18, followed by UMT Campus with 6, while Tasik Kenyir and Pulau Redang each recorded 4 species. The species diversity was the highest at Tasik Bera (<i>H'</i> = 2.65) and the lowest at Pulau Redang (<i>H'</i> = 1.01). <i>Macaca fascicularis</i>, <i>Tupaia glis</i> and <i>Paradoxurus hermaphroditus</i> were recorded from three of four sites. This study has added new geographically recorded species for Tasik Bera (11 species) and UMT Campus (4 species). This study has advanced our knowledge of the diversity and distribution of non-volant mammals, enhancing our understanding in this field. This understanding is crucial for implementing efficient conservation and management strategies, aiding in the development of targeted conservation strategies to protect these species and their habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"127-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminarily Study on Hydroxyproline Content of Purple-spotted Bigeye (<i>Priacanthus tayenus</i>) Scaly Skin and Its Gelatine Quality.","authors":"Widiyanto, Uju, Sitti Hardiyanti Rachman, Mala Nurilmala","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The investigation of alternative raw materials for gelatine production from fishery industry by-products has gained attention due to the increasing demand for gelatine and the importance for sustainable practices. This study aims to determine the optimal hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration for mineral removal during pre-treatment, assess hydroxyproline content at various processing stages and characterise the resultant gelatine. The methodology involved pre-treatment of the materials with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to remove non-collagen proteins, followed by mineral extraction using varying HCl concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 M). The process included swelling in 0.2% citric acid for 12 h and gelatine extraction at 65°C for 7 h. The results indicated that 0.25 M HCl was most effective for mineral removal. The hydroxyproline analysis showed an insignificant increase (0.088 mg/mL-0.103 mg/mL) from the pre-treatment stage to the final gelatine product. The physicochemical properties of the liquid gelatine, including yield (6.5 ± 0.39%), pH (6.55 ± 0.11), and gel bloom strength (174 ± 8.54 blooms) conformed to Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of America (GMIA). Functional groups confirmed the presence of gelatine-specific, such as amides A, B, I, II and III. The molecular profile is comparable to commercial gelatine, with α1 chains at 130 kDa, α2 chains at 115 kDa, and β chains at 235 kDa. The gelatine derived from the scaly skin of purple-spotted bigeye exhibits promising attributes, aligning with commercial standards and highlights the potential of fishery by-products as a sustainable and halal source of gelatine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 1","pages":"93-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}