Tropical life sciences research最新文献

{"title":"Combined Multivariate Statistical Techniques and Water Quality Index (WQI) to Evaluate Spatial Variation in Water Quality.","authors":"Shaheen Begum,&nbsp;Shahana Firdous,&nbsp;Zainab Naeem,&nbsp;Gul-E-Saba Chaudhry,&nbsp;Shanza Arshad,&nbsp;Fakiha Abid,&nbsp;Sania Zahra,&nbsp;Sehrish Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Adnan,&nbsp;Yeong Yik Sung,&nbsp;Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In present study, Water Quality Index (WQI) has been assessed of the Rawal Lake which is a major source of drinking water for people in the Federal Capital, Islamabad, and its adjacent city Rawalpindi in Pakistan. For this, the principal component analysis (PCA) and WQI were applied as an integrated approach to quantitatively explore difference based on spatial variation in 11 water quality parameters of the five major feeding tributaries of the Rawal Lake, Pakistan. The results of temperature in water, total dissolved solids, pH, electrical conductivity, chlorides and sulfates were well within the allowable World Health Organisation's (WHO) limits. However, the heavy metals like cadmium and lead were above permissible limits by the WHO in tributaries of Bari Imam and Rumli. Moreover, this has been proven by the Pearson correlation which suggested strong positive correlation (0.910*) between lead and cadmium. The results of present study were subjected to statistical analysis, i.e., PCA which gave three major factors contributing 96.5% of the total variance. For factor 1, pH, TDS, alkalinity, chlorides, sulfates and zinc have highest factor loading values (>0.60) and presented that these parameters were among the most significant parameters of first factor. As per the WQI results, the water was categorised in two major classes indicating that water of Bari Imam and Rumli is highly contaminated with heavy metals and totally unsuitable for drinking purposes. Based on the results of the present study, it is suggested to make heavy metals consideration as an integrated component in future planning for maintaining water quality of the Rawal Lake and its tributaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Environmental Impacts and Development Benefits of Coastal Aquaculture in Three Tropical Countries: Madagascar, Tanzania and Indonesia.","authors":"Andreas Kunzmann,&nbsp;Gildas Todinanahary,&nbsp;Flower E Msuya,&nbsp;Yustian Alfiansah","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aquaculture is still in early development in Madagascar and Tanzania, while in Indonesia, aquaculture has a long history. In Madagascar, villagers are farming seaweed and sea cucumbers, as part of small-scale community-based aquaculture (CBA). They followed a contractual model between a private farming company and farmers. Local non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and public institutions in Madagascar jointly strive to reverse the trend of ongoing anthropogenic coastal degradation. In Tanzania, the cultivation of red seaweeds has been established for over 30 years, with declining production attributed to climate change. While shrimp farming still involves, to some extent, clearing of mangroves in Tanzania, seaweed culture has only mild impact on coastal ecosystems. Farming areas provide shelter and habitat for juvenile fish, crabs and other organisms. Therefore, NGOs ask for support to improve culture methods. Various problems and shortcomings in Indonesia have been clearly identified, including issues related to new aquaculture areas, pollutants, emerging diseases, insufficient broodstock and fry supply, as well as a lack of technology and manpower. To address these challenges and ensure the growth of aquaculture production, the government has implemented national policies and established training and broodstock centers throughout the country. In Madagascar, the CBA programme stands out as a success story and can serve as a template for other coastal regions and countries. In Tanzania, the adoption of CBA model for co-culture could be the future. In Indonesia, due to a very long coastlines and complicated legislation, IMTA seems to be particularly suitable, as successfully tested in model regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Wastewater Treatment: <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. IrC1 as a potential multi-resistant bacterium for copper accumulation and dyes decolourisation.","authors":"Wahyu Irawati,&nbsp;Triwibowo Yuwono,&nbsp;Reinhard Pinontoan,&nbsp;Valentine Lindarto","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improper disposal of waste containing copper and dye is an environmental issue that must be resolved immediately due to its harmful, non-degradable and toxic properties. Bioremediation efficiency can improve by cultivating copper and dye multi-resistant bacteria to remove various pollutant types simultaneously. This study aims at establishing the multi-resistance of <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. IrC1 to copper and dyes. The effects of copper concentration on growth were determined using a spectrophotometer, while accumulation was analysed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Bacteria-mediated dye decolourisation dyes were observed based on clear zone formation around bacterial colonies, while decolourisation percentage was calculated using a spectrophotometer. Results demonstrate that <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. IrC1 resisted up to 8 mM CuSO₄ and accumulated up to 292.93 mg/g dry weight of copper cells. <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. IrC1 isolates were also resistant to 500 ppm Methylene Blue, Malachite Green, Congo Red, Mordant Orange, Reactive Black, Direct Yellow, Reactive Orange, Remazol, Wantex Red and Wantex Yellow dye, successfully removing up to 68.35% and 79.50% Methylene Blue and Basic Fuchsine in a medium containing 3 mM CuSO₄, respectively. Further investigations are required to analyse the genetic composition of multi-resistant bacteria to optimise the effectiveness of indigenous bacterial isolates as bioremediation agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vitro</i> Assessment of The Bioactive Compounds and Anticancer Potential of <i>Citrus medica</i> Leaf Extract.","authors":"Mikkili Indira,&nbsp;Karlapudi Abraham Peele,&nbsp;Srirama Krupanidhi,&nbsp;Kodali Vidya Prabhakar,&nbsp;K B S Vimala,&nbsp;P Satya Kavya,&nbsp;I Sravya,&nbsp;T C Venkateswarulu","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Citrus medica</i> is a horticultural crop grown in different parts of the world. The plant leaves have medicinal importance in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The leaves are an underutilised part of the plant, despite having various bioactive compounds with health benefits, with phytochemical analysis having revealed the presence of flavonoids, fatty acids, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates and phytosterols. The biochemical constituents were identified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which confirmed the presence of terpenoids, alcohols, alkanes, phytosterols and fatty acids. Among these, methyl 8, 11, 14-heptadecatrienoate is a linolenic acid, and α-linolenic acid, trimethylsilyl ester and levulinic acid are the predominant compounds belonging to the omega-3 fatty acid group, which has known health benefits. Further, the antimicrobial activity of <i>C. medica</i> plant leaves were tested against certain food-borne pathogens and showed significant results. The minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 6.09 mg/mL to 390 mg/mL for bacterial organisms and 48.75 mg/mL to 390 mg/mL for fungal organisms. The antioxidant activity values were 300 μg/mL and 450 μg/mL by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay, respectively. The methanolic extract from the <i>C. medica</i> leaves also showed anticancer activity against MCF7 breast cancer cell lines, with an IC50 value of material for developing a healthy processed food such as nutraceuticals and functional foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological Evaluation of Three Common Teleosts in Relation to The Environmental Changes from Trang Province, Thailand.","authors":"Archig Jeamah,&nbsp;Sinlapachai Senarat,&nbsp;Suparat Kong-Oh,&nbsp;Chanyut Sudtongkong,&nbsp;Porntep Wirachwong,&nbsp;Natthawut Charoenphon,&nbsp;Nontawat Kawjaeng,&nbsp;Pahol Kosiyachinda,&nbsp;Anan Kenthao,&nbsp;Piyakorn Boonyoung","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hematological evaluation of fish is essential to the assessment of their physiological status. This study describes the morphometric analysis and comparison of blood cell characteristics in <i>Zanarchopterus</i> sp., <i>Gerres filamentosus</i> Cuvier, 1829 and <i>Leiognathus decorus</i> (De Vis, 1884). The species were collected at two locations off the coast of Trang Province, Thailand. A comparative hematological evaluation was made to assess the effects of environmental conditions on the blood of the fish. Ten individuals of each species were collected from a seagrass bed at Libong Island, where human activities are increasing, and from a secluded sandy beach. Their blood samples were analysed using the blood smear technique. Erythrocytes of all the studied fishes were either elliptical or oval. The morphometric data from both locations showed that erythrocytes were of similar size, except for those of <i>Zanarchopterus</i> sp. Fish from both stations showed several types of leukocytes, including neutrophils and lymphocytes.The highest proportion of leukocytes was made up of lymphocytes, followed by neutrophils. However, monocytes were only observed in fish from Libong Island and the erythrocytic nuclei of fish collected from Libong Island were both reniform and lobate. Our results show the potential of hematological evaluation as an early warning signal of environmental impacts on aquatic animals. The determination of baseline parameters could provide a tool for the monitoring of environmental quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Diversity of Periphytic Cyanobacteria (Cyanophyceae) from Tropical Mangroves in Penang, Malaysia.","authors":"Nur Afiqah Abdul Rahim,&nbsp;Faradina Merican Mohd Sidik Merican,&nbsp;Ranina Radzi,&nbsp;Wan Maznah Wan Omar,&nbsp;Siti Azizah Mohd Nor,&nbsp;Paul Broady,&nbsp;Peter Convey","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyanobacteria are one of the most important groups of photoautotrophic organisms, contributing to carbon and nitrogen fixation in mangroves worldwide. They also play an important role in soil retention and stabilisation and contribute to high plant productivity through their secretion of plant growth-promoting substances. However, their diversity and distribution in Malaysian mangrove ecosystems have yet to be studied in detail, despite Malaysia hosting a significant element of remaining mangroves globally. In a floristic survey conducted in Penang, peninsular Malaysia, 33 morphospecies of periphytic cyanobacteria were identified and described for the first time from a mangrove ecosystem in Malaysia. Sixteen genera, comprising <i>Aphanocapsa, Chroococcus, Chroococcidiopsis, Cyanobacterium, Desmonostoc, Geitlerinema, Leptolyngbya, Lyngbya, Microcystis, Myxosarcina, Oscillatoria, Phormidium, Pseudanabaena, Spirulina</i>, <i>Trichocoleus</i> and <i>Xenococcus</i>, were obtained from field material growing on diverse natural and artificial substrata. Oscillatoriales was the dominant order with <i>Phormidium</i> the dominant genus at nine of the 15 sampling sites examined. Three of the morphospecies, <i>Aphanocapsa</i> cf. <i>concharum, Xenococcus</i> cf. <i>pallidus</i> and <i>Oscillatoria pseudocurviceps</i>, are rare and poorly known morphospecies worldwide. <i>Chroococcus minutus, Phormidium uncinatum, P. amphigranulata</i>, and some species of Oscillatoriales are considered as pollution indicator species. This study provides important baseline information for further investigation of the cyanobacterial microflora present in other mangrove areas around Malaysia. A complete checklist will enhance understanding of their ecological role and the potential for benefits arising from useful secondary metabolites or threats via toxin production to the ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seminal Plasma Proteins Associated with The Fertility of Brahman Bulls in The Colombian Low Tropics.","authors":"Liliana J Chacón,&nbsp;Germán D Yepes,&nbsp;Jaime Cardozo,&nbsp;Fabian Rueda,&nbsp;Viviana Castillo,&nbsp;Andrés Torres,&nbsp;Jorge Martins,&nbsp;Ariosto Ardila","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sperm interacts with seminal plasma proteins during its transport through the female reproductive tract to reach the oocyte. Seminal plasma proteins have been associated as biomarkers of fertility in bovine males, while two-dimensional electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels under denaturing conditions (2D-PAGE) is a useful technique for their separation, allowing their subsequent analysis with the aid of specialised software. Brahman bulls are known for their tolerance to tropical conditions such as low-quality pastures, high temperatures, and relative humidity as well as moderate resistance to infestations by parasites and insects. The present study describes the two-dimensional electrophoretic profiles of the seminal plasma proteins in the rainy and dry seasons, associating them with the fertility of Brahman bulls in the Colombian Orinoquía in a 90-days breeding season and a single-sire mating system (1 bull per 50 Brahman cows) with 60 consecutive days of rest. The fertility-related seminal plasma protein spots increased in the dry season. Likewise, a meaningful relationship was found between the protein spots that possibly coincide with the Binder of Sperm Proteins. It was also found that bulls with the highest percentages of pregnancy also had similarities in their 2D seminal plasma maps. We conclude that the seminal plasma protein profile of Brahman bulls raised in the Colombian low tropic changes between rainy and dry seasons, and such changes may influence the reproductive performance of those animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Arthritis Effect of Ethanol Extract of Sacha Inchi (<i>Plukenetia volubilis</i> L.) Leaves Against Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Model in Mice.","authors":"Thi Phuong Nhung Tran,&nbsp;Thi-Trang Nguyen,&nbsp;Gia-Buu Tran","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is a well-known oleaginous plant used as food source and traditional medicine by indigenous people for a long time. This study was conducted to evaluate anti-arthritis effect of ethanol extract of Sacha inchi leaves and provide scientific evidence to develop the new anti-arthritis remedy from Sacha inchi. Rheumatoid arthritis model was established by injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant into right hind footpads of mice and three doses of ethanol extract of Sacha inchi leaves (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight) were used for treatment. The severity of arthritis was evaluated by measuring the ankle diameter and arthritic score, hematological and biochemical parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and rheumatoid factor). The pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, INF-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) and the histology change of joint were also examined. All three doses of extracts significantly alleviated ankle diameter and arthritic score. Furthermore, the extracts could ameliorate the alternation of inflammatory cytokines as well histological features of CFA-induced mice. The efficacy of extract dose of 300 mg/kg body weight is comparable with reference drug (Mobic, 0.2 mg/kg body weight). This study indicates Sacha inchi leaf extract as the promising remedy for treatment of arthritis.","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of Erinacines from Different Cultivate Formulas on Cognitive Deficits and Anxiety-Like Behaviour in Mice with Trimethyltin-Induced Toxicity.","authors":"Yaovapa Aramsirirujiwet,&nbsp;Teerachart Leepasert,&nbsp;Danita Piamariya,&nbsp;Wachiryah Thong-Asa","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the neurological effects of the varied erinacine composition of different mycelia cultures in mice with trimethyltin (TMT)-induced neurodegeneration. Forty male ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups of Sham-veh, TMT-veh, TMT-EME, TMT-EMR and TMT-EME/R. The TMT groups received 2.6 mg/kg one-time intraperitoneal injections of TMT. Oral dosages of 200 mg/kg erinacine combination from each <i>Hericium erinaceus</i> mycelia (EM) cultivated formula (100% eucalyptus wood [E], 100% rubber wood [R], or 40% eucalyptus wood/60% rubber wood [E/R]) were given for two weeks. Spatial learning, memory, flexibility, and anxious behaviour were evaluated alongside brain tissues' oxidative status and histological analyses. Erinacine composition from EME/R exhibited significant positive effects on spatial learning, memory, flexibility, and anxiety (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings emerged concurrently with the significant mitigation of hippocampal lipid peroxidation, CA1 hippocampal, cortical neuron, and corpus callosum white matter degeneration (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These neurological benefits were associated with the EME/R composition of erinacine A, C, D, G, H, I, K and R. The best neuroprotective effect against TMT-induced neurodegeneration in mice is offered by the EME/R erinacine composition according to its anti-lipid peroxidation, its nurturing effect on neuronal and white matter, and mitigation of behavioural deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Bee Bread on Corticosterone Level in Rat Dams Exposed to Gestational Heat Stress.","authors":"Nur Akmar Nadhirah Mohd Nor,&nbsp;Asmad Kari,&nbsp;Mohd Nizam Haron,&nbsp;Connie Fay Komilus","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2023.34.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental temperature rises are powerful stimuli that can alter both the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA). Heat stress has been shown to harm pregnancy outcomes such as causing spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, growth retardation and stillbirth. Supplementation of bee bread in pregnant rats under heat stress exposure has been shown to improve the pregnancy outcomes. However, whether supplementation of bee bread during heat stress exposure may also reduce the level of the stress hormone, corticosterone has yet been reported. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of bee bread on corticosterone level, progesterone level, oestradiol level and zonation of the adrenal cortex of pregnant rats under heat stress exposure. Pregnant rats were randomly categorised into four groups (<i>n</i> = 6): Control (C: standard feeding), Treatment 1 (T1: 0.5 g bee bread/kg body weight/day), Treatment 2 (T2: standard feeding with heat exposure), and Treatment 3 (T3: 0.5 g bee bread/kg body weight/day with heat exposure). Bee bread (0.5 g/kg body weight/day) was force-fed to pregnant rats through oral gavage beginning on day 0 of pregnancy and continuing until delivery. Heat stress was generated experimentally by putting both T2 and T3 rats in an egg incubator for 45 min daily at a temperature of 43°C till delivery. On a postnatal Day 21, dams were euthanised to assess serum corticosterone, progesterone, oestradiol levels and adrenal gland histology. Rats in the T2 group had a significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) increase in the zona fasciculata thickness (94.95 ± 1.55 μm) and higher corticosterone levels (49.57 ± 1.57 ng/mL) compared with control. However, supplementation of bee bread during heat stress was able to show an improvement in adrenal zona fasciculata thickness by decreasing to 79.89 ± 3.08 μm and corticosterone level reduced to 35.31 ± 1.73 ng/mL significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Therefore, these findings may imply that bee bread is effective as a neutralizer in lowering the production of stress hormone.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49682820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}